CN113990132B - Power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system and training method - Google Patents

Power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system and training method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113990132B
CN113990132B CN202110831663.8A CN202110831663A CN113990132B CN 113990132 B CN113990132 B CN 113990132B CN 202110831663 A CN202110831663 A CN 202110831663A CN 113990132 B CN113990132 B CN 113990132B
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fault
loop
switch cabinet
simulation
circuit
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CN113990132A (en
Inventor
李媛媛
廖自强
鲁爱斌
韩磊
汪洋
耿亚男
罗福玲
刘诗涵
孔婧怡
杨瑞
麻荣鑫
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Yalong Intelligent Equipment Group Co ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Wuhan Electric Power Technical College
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Yalong Intelligent Equipment Group Co ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Wuhan Electric Power Technical College
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00Simulators for teaching or training purposes

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated practical training system and a practical training method, wherein an integrated practical training platform is constructed by adopting a simulation virtual-real combination technology, a 35kV intelligent substation virtual simulation system is integrated and interacted with a 10kV switch cabinet and a load simulation cabinet hardware device, so that practical training equipment parameters are consistent with the parameters of the switch cabinet in a real substation, practical training project implementation requirements of actual field work tasks are met, and the functions of comprehensive practical training and assessment on the power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance are realized. The invention has comprehensiveness, teaching performance, safety and reliability, breaks through the limitation of the traditional single simulation layer training and single equipment layer training, and can complete the physical and real integrated teaching task of the course of the power transformation and distribution technology; the fault tolerance performance is good, the personnel and system safety can not be influenced by the misoperation of the students, and the system is safe and reliable.

Description

Power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system and training method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance, and particularly relates to a power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system and a training method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of intelligent substation engineering implementation, distribution automation construction, intelligent electricity utilization technology and the like, a large number of new equipment, new technology and new technology are applied in the intelligent power transformation and distribution system. Meanwhile, the mutual fusion association between the first and second systems and the mutual association between the information platform and the equipment provide higher requirements for the technical and skill business quality of operation maintenance personnel; the high mutual fusion correlation between the primary and secondary systems and the information platform/equipment enables the defects of the transformer substation and the elimination and treatment of faults to be more diversified and complicated, the existing training device can only train a single equipment layer or a simulation layer, and the requirements of the operation and maintenance integrated professional talent team for cultivating high quality can not be met.
The existing practical training system is basically a single virtual simulation type and simulation project type practical training or a single field device type practical training, and has the defects of more field work requirements, complex situation and no definite limit on fault types, and the current practical training technical specification requirements are not matched with the actual work field requirements. Meanwhile, operation and maintenance personnel generally do not have the capability of comprehensive fault detection. If on-site operation and maintenance personnel cannot rapidly judge primary and secondary faults, the risk of power grid operation is increased, the working efficiency of maintenance personnel is reduced, and the cost of power grid operation is increased. Therefore, a set of power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated practical training system capable of carrying out comprehensive training on operation and maintenance personnel is urgently needed to cultivate a general doctor for power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the utility model provides a become distribution fortune maintenance integration practical training system and real training method for become distribution fortune maintenance and examine the comprehensive practical training of going on.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system comprises an instructor station and N student stations which are connected through a network; the instructor station is used for setting, calling single or compound fault working conditions to demonstrate or check the student stations and controlling the running states of all the student stations; the student station comprises a simulation transformer substation, a switch cabinet and a simulation load cabinet; the simulation transformer substation adopts a one-key sequential control operation design, is connected with the switch cabinet through a two-way information transmission channel, and is used for remotely controlling, remote signaling and remote measuring the switch cabinet, receiving signals of the switch cabinet, calling a database of the upper computer to set simulation faults, remotely setting secondary circuit faults of the switch cabinet and reflecting the operation and fault states of the switch cabinet; the switch cabinet comprises a primary loop module, a secondary loop module, a measurement and control device, a middle-set handcart and a secondary side fault setting unit; the primary loop module comprises a cable incoming line, a handcart type breaker QF and a three-phase current transformer which are sequentially connected in series, and also comprises a live display line, a cable outgoing line, a lightning protection line and a ground knife line QSE which are connected in parallel, wherein the parallel circuit is connected in series at the wire outgoing end of the three-phase current transformer; the three-phase current transformer comprises measuring loops 1lha, b, c and protection loops 2lha, b, c; the cable outgoing line comprises a zero sequence current transformer LH0; the secondary circuit module comprises a voltage and current measuring circuit, a protection circuit, a control circuit, an open-in signal acquisition circuit, a control circuit and a display circuit; the voltage and current measuring loop is connected with the measuring loops 1lha, b and c and the protecting loops 2lha, b and c and is used for collecting the secondary side current of the three-phase current transformer; the protection loop is used for setting a protection setting value, calculating the setting value and sending out a control signal; the control loop is used for receiving the control signal and generating actions; the opening signal acquisition loop is used for acquiring signals including an energy storage state, a handcart position, a pressing plate position and a breaker opening and closing state and transmitting the signals to the simulation transformer substation; the control loop is used for high-voltage electrified locking and controlling the temperature and the humidity; the display loop is used for displaying information including a primary loop analog diagram, a breaker state, a grounding disconnecting link state and a spring energy storage state; the measurement and control device is connected with the simulation transformer substation and is used for sending the real-time tidied data and equipment states to the simulation transformer substation for displaying and receiving instructions comprising remote operation and fault setting sent by the simulation transformer substation; the measurement and control device also sets a setting value and selects protection actions including three-section overcurrent protection, two-section zero-sequence overcurrent protection capable of being blocked in a direction, three-phase primary reclosing and overload protection through a man-machine interaction interface; the secondary side fault setting unit is connected with a dedicated fault setting circuit through contacts in each loop of the secondary loop module, a normally closed contact is arranged at a broken fault position, and a normally open contact is arranged at a short circuit fault position; the secondary side fault setting unit performs local setting or fault canceling through the measurement and control device, and performs remote setting or fault canceling through the simulation transformer substation, wherein the local operation mode and the remote operation mode are not used simultaneously so as to avoid misoperation; the simulation load cabinet comprises a simulation load composed of a resistance element, a motor load and a control element, and a man-machine interaction module; the simulation load cabinet is connected with the switch cabinet and is used for setting multiple types of secondary faults including a switch cabinet control loop and an energy storage loop for the switch cabinet and the simulation load through the man-machine interaction module, simulating actual load change of a circuit and circuit faults including two-phase and three-phase short circuits.
According to the scheme, the switch cabinet further comprises a control display device and an electric instrument, wherein the control display device comprises an indicator lamp, and the electric instrument comprises a display panel; the measurement and control device comprises a communication module, an alternating current input module, an opening module and an operation loop module; the communication module is connected with the simulation transformer substation through a communication port and a debugging port; the secondary loop module is realized by a measurement and control device, a control display device and an electric instrument.
According to the scheme, the switch cabinet further comprises a cabinet body; the upper part of the cabinet body is an incoming line metering part, the lower part of the cabinet body is an outgoing line part, door locking plates are respectively arranged in front of and behind the cabinet body, and detachable side plates are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the cabinet body; the cabinet body comprises a main bus chamber, an instrument chamber, a breaker chamber and a cable inlet and outlet chamber, wherein steel plates are arranged between the chambers for isolation; baking varnish is sprayed on the surfaces of important components in the cabinet body to serve as a protective layer.
According to the scheme, the multifunctional electric power tool further comprises a tool cabinet and is used for placing common operation tools of operation and maintenance staff, wherein the common operation tools comprise insulation gloves, insulation boots, safety helmets, step ladders, tool boxes, electroscope and grounding wires.
A power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training method comprises the following steps:
s1: the operation training method for the power transformation and distribution operation comprises the following specific steps of:
S11: a teacher issues operation tasks to a student station through a instructor station;
S12: after receiving the operation task through the student station, the student completes the simulation operation, five-prevention judgment and billing through the simulation transformer substation;
S13: remote control operation is carried out through the simulation transformer substation, and a remote control signal is transmitted to the switch cabinet through a communication line to carry out corresponding equipment actions;
s14: switching an operation mode switch of the switch cabinet from remote to local, and performing corresponding operation on equipment in the switch cabinet;
S2: the operation and maintenance fault detection method for the power transformation and distribution comprises the following specific steps:
S21: the teacher sets fault types through a instructor station or a switch cabinet, and the secondary side fault setting unit sets short-circuit faults and open-circuit faults on the secondary side line according to the selected fault types;
S22: the students check the mechanical faults and the electrical faults of the switch cabinet one by one according to the overhaul safety requirements and the general overhaul steps;
S23: finding out abnormal conditions, judging the fault type of short circuit or open circuit according to the secondary wiring diagram of the centrally installed switchgear, searching fault points, and positioning defects;
s24: after the completion of the learner's search, the fault setting is canceled on the simulation platform or the touch screen, and the equipment is immediately recovered to be normal.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
s3: the equipment and station systems of the primary loop and the secondary loop are subjected to inspection and qualitative defects;
S4: maintaining equipment and tools including a switch cabinet heater, an energy storage current idle switch, a control current idle switch, a TV fuse, safety protection tools, safety tools and meters, and filling in an operation guide card;
S5: the method comprises the steps of performing switching operation comprising power distribution circuit and breaker power and electricity interruption, bus power and electricity interruption, main transformer power and electricity interruption of a station AC/DC system;
S6: performing fault treatment on equipment of the training system;
S7: troubleshooting and overhauling the switch cabinet;
s8: performing switch cabinet measurement and test including direct current resistance, insulation resistance and mechanical characteristics of a circuit breaker;
s9: and carrying out relay protection and test control device inspection comprising AC/DC loop, current protection and reclosing device setting.
Further, in the step S6, the specific steps are as follows:
S61: handling transient or permanent faults of the line when the line or the circuit breaker fails;
S62: processing bus faults and bus faults when the circuit breaker fails to operate;
s63: processing main transformer abnormity and faults caused by oil temperature, oil level and light gas abnormity, main transformer body, sleeve and lead faults and circuit breaker refusal;
s64: processing transformer abnormality and faults including secondary voltage abnormality of a voltage transformer and circuit disconnection;
s65: and searching and processing abnormal and fault of the alternating current and direct current system of the station, which comprises the transformer for the station, the bus for the station, the direct current ground, the alternating current power supply of the charging device and the voltage fault of the direct current bus.
Further, in the step S7, the specific steps are as follows:
S71: the troubleshooting of the switch cabinet fault comprises breaker control loop fault, breaker opening fault, breaker energy storage loop fault, switch cabinet alternating current signal loop fault, intelligent control device fault, in-cabinet lighting and temperature control device fault, electromagnetic lock and electrified display fault and breaker mechanical fault troubleshooting;
S72: the object for overhauling the switch cabinet comprises a low-voltage circuit breaker, a brake-separating or brake-closing indicator lamp, a brake-separating or brake-closing coil, a brake-separating or brake-closing spring, an electrified display device, an electromagnetic lock, an energy storage motor, a circuit breaker control switch, a circuit breaker auxiliary contact and a travel switch, and is replaced when required.
Further, in the step S8, the specific steps are as follows:
s81: the direct current resistance measurement comprises main loop resistance, and direct current resistance measurement of an opening or closing coil;
S82: the insulation resistance measurement comprises the insulation resistance of the switch cabinet body, the insulation resistance of the auxiliary loop and the control loop, the insulation resistance of the current transformer and the insulation resistance of the lightning arrester;
S83: the mechanical property test of the circuit breaker comprises the mechanical property test of the circuit breaker and the low-voltage action test.
Further, in the step S9, the specific steps are as follows:
s91: the AC/DC loop test comprises analog quantity and switching value loop test, electric shock and output signal test;
S92: the current protection check comprises an overcurrent protection test and a reclosing test;
S93: the current protection and reclosing device setting comprises a current protection setting and a reclosing device setting.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. According to the integrated practical training system and the practical training method for the operation, maintenance and overhaul of the power transformation and distribution, the requirement of modern operation, maintenance and overhaul of the power transformation and distribution is tightly combined, a 35kV intelligent substation is taken as an object, an integrated practical training platform is constructed by adopting a simulation virtual-real combination technology, and a 35kV intelligent substation virtual simulation system is integrated and interacted with a 10kV switch cabinet and a load simulation cabinet hardware device, so that parameters of practical training equipment are consistent with parameters of the switch cabinet in the real substation, practical training project implementation requirements of actual field work tasks are met, and the functions of comprehensive practical training and assessment for the operation, maintenance and overhaul of the power transformation and distribution are realized.
2. The invention has comprehensiveness: the virtual simulation system of the 35kV intelligent substation is integrated and interacted with the hardware devices of the 10kV switch cabinet and the load simulation cabinet, so that the limitation of the traditional single simulation layer training and the single equipment layer training is broken through, a learner can comprehensively know the primary system and the secondary system of the power transformation and distribution system, and the system is a multifunctional technical training system integrating teaching, learning, training and examination.
3. The invention has the teaching performance: the integrated teaching task of the power transformation and distribution technology course can be completed; the experimental training of multiple strong current courses such as the power plant system profession, the automation technology, the power supply technology profession and the like is completed; electrician training and skill identification service are carried out on relevant staff in an industry enterprise; developing electrician vocational skill training and identification tasks; and providing a course design and graduation platform for the automation, power supply and utilization technology and related professions of the power system.
4. The invention has the teaching performance: the power distribution complete equipment cabinet body is provided with observation windows, and elements, working states and most main wiring of the equipment are observed on the premise of ensuring the safety of students; the secondary fault of the equipment is set in two modes of on-site setting of the electronic screen of the front cabinet door of the simulation load cabinet and remote setting of the simulation platform, so that various requirements of on-site demonstration teaching, remote setting examination and the like are met.
5. The invention has the advantages of safety and reliability: the loading system does not load real high voltage, but the running state is consistent with the real high voltage environment, meanwhile, the loading system has various protection functions, the fault tolerance performance is good, the personnel and system safety cannot be affected by the misoperation of students, and the system is safe and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a network wiring diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a main wiring diagram of a 35kV simulation intelligent substation according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a primary loop wiring diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a wiring diagram of a protection control loop and an open signal acquisition loop of a secondary loop according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a voltage-current measurement loop wiring diagram of a secondary loop of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a tank circuit wiring diagram of a secondary circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention comprises an artificial intelligent substation, a 10kV switchgear, an artificial load cabinet and a tool cabinet; the 10kV switch cabinet is connected with the simulation load cabinet, and the secondary side fault setting unit is installed in the 10kV switch cabinet.
1. Simulation intelligent substation
The comprehensive automatic transformer substation simulation platform takes a 35kV comprehensive automatic transformer substation of a certain power supply company as an object, and combines the standardized design of the 35kV transformer substation to simulate the comprehensive automatic transformer substation, and comprises a transformer substation monitoring system, a primary equipment area, a high-voltage switch distribution room, a protection room, a tool room, a coach platform, a learning garden auxiliary training part and the like. The equipment, running mode, operation, accident handling and the like of the simulation object are consistent with the transformer substation.
The simulation training system provides a set of comprehensive and full-range multifunctional training platform for power transformation and distribution operators, has a perfect training management function, and can display the field device states of the normal, abnormal and emergency states of the 35kV transformer substation. Through the platform skill training, students can master the skills of normal inspection and switching operation of 35kV power transformation and distribution operation and handling abnormal and emergency accidents.
The simulation platform is connected with and reads data of the microcomputer comprehensive protection device, the touch screen, the serial relay and the PLC (programmable logic controller) through an RS485 bus Modbus RTU communication protocol. The simulation platform transmits instructions such as fault setting and the like to the PLC through the RS485 bus, and can realize remote signaling, remote measurement and remote control on the power transformation and distribution system, quickly and accurately obtain real-time information of the operation of the power transformation and distribution system, completely master the real-time operation state of the power transformation and distribution, timely discover the fault of the operation of the power transformation and distribution station and make corresponding decisions and processes. The touch screen is mainly used for fault answering questions set by the serial port relay, and interaction with simulation software is solved through interaction data with the PLC. The operation and maintenance switch cabinet is connected with the load cabinet by adopting connectors, so that the movable assembly is convenient. The control switches in the operation and maintenance switch cabinet are all provided with a group of auxiliary contacts so that simulation software can read corresponding states in real time.
The simulation platform is provided with a trainer station and a learner station, the learner station can set and call single or composite fault conditions for demonstration or assessment, and meanwhile, the learner station can control the running states of all the learner stations, fault setting and the like. The simulation platform and the equipment are provided with a bidirectional information transmission channel, and the teaching station and the student station are connected through an Ethernet.
As shown in fig. 2, the master station wiring diagram contains both analog lines and actual device lines, and the simulation platform can receive signals from the switchgear. The database can be called to set the simulation fault, and the secondary circuit fault of the switch cabinet can be set remotely through a remote mode.
2.10KV switch cabinet
The 10kV switch cabinet comprises a cabinet body, a middle handcart, a protection and instrument room and the like.
The 10kV switch cabinet and the simulated load are important components of a transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system, a complete body is formed by software and hardware equipment, the 35kV simulation transformer substation can be remotely controlled, remotely signaled and remotely measured to the 10kV switch cabinet, and the operation state of the simulation transformer substation is influenced by the operation and fault of the switch cabinet.
The middle switch cabinet adopts a standardized design, the upper part is an incoming line metering part, and the lower part is an outgoing line. The cabinet structure is adopted, the door locking plates are arranged in front and back of the cabinet body, the left side plate and the right side plate are detached conveniently, the cabinet body is designed to be a main bus chamber, an instrument chamber, a breaker chamber and a cable inlet and outlet chamber, and steel plates are arranged between the chambers to isolate the chambers so as to ensure the use safety. The surface of the important component is covered with baking varnish to meet the requirements of practical training person for observation, installation and debugging.
The microcomputer comprehensive protection device is installed on the instrument door of the switch cabinet and comprises a central processing communication plug-in unit, an alternating current input plug-in unit, an opening plug-in unit and an operation loop plug-in unit. The central processing and communication plug-in unit is responsible for bidirectional transmission of signals with the background simulation platform through the communication port and the debugging port, and the simulation platform not only can obtain the real working state and data of the switch cabinet, but also can remotely control the practical training system through the central processing plug-in unit.
Fig. 3 is a primary loop wiring diagram of the device of the invention, which comprises a cable incoming line, a handcart type breaker QF, three-phase current transformers (secondary side is connected with measuring loops 1LHa, b, c, protecting loops 2LHa, b, c), a live display line, a cable outgoing line (comprising a zero sequence current transformer LH0, connectable to the same), a lightning protection line and a ground knife line. Except for the simulated load, the primary side is arranged in the 10kV switch cabinet, and the simulated load is realized by the simulated load cabinet.
FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of a secondary circuit of the device of the present invention, including a voltage and current measuring circuit, a protection circuit, a control circuit, an on-coming signal acquisition circuit, an intelligent control circuit, and a display circuit. The functions can be realized by a microcomputer comprehensive line protection measurement and control device, an intelligent control display device and an electric power instrument.
The voltage and current measuring loop collects the secondary side current of the current transformer, and the measuring result is displayed by the electric instrument.
The protection loop is responsible for protecting setting value setting, setting value calculation and sending out control signals, and the control loop receives the signal to generate actions. The setting value is set in man-machine interface of microcomputer comprehensive line protection measuring and controlling device, three-section overcurrent protection, two-section zero sequence overcurrent protection capable of being blocked in direction, three-phase once reclosing, overload protection and so on can be selected. The protection action is realized after the processor of the microcomputer comprehensive line protection measurement and control device processes the multiparty information to form a control loop.
The opening signal acquisition loop sends acquired signals (energy storage state, handcart position, pressing plate position, breaker opening and closing state and the like) into the relay protection device/simulation system through optical fibers.
The intelligent control display loop can realize the functions of primary loop analog diagram display, breaker state display, grounding switch state display, spring energy storage state display, high-voltage electrified locking and temperature and humidity control.
The secondary fault setting unit of the equipment is arranged in the 10kV centrally-installed switchgear and can be set in an on-site mode and a remote mode. The fault is set to be in a soft fault mode, the traditional training equipment line setting fault mainly comprises artificial short circuit and broken line, and damage to the training equipment is caused to different degrees. The invention is connected with a dedicated fault setting circuit through the contacts in the original route, a normally closed contact is arranged at the broken fault position, a normally open contact is arranged at the short circuit fault position, the manual damage of a wire or a plug-in wiring terminal is not required, the fault can be set and canceled at any time through a cabinet door touch screen or a simulation system, and the cabinet door type intelligent cabinet has certain flexibility.
3. Simulation load cabinet
The analog load cabinet (containing the TV unit) is used to simulate a 10kV load, including a resistive element, a motor load, and a control element. The actual load change and line faults (such as two-phase and three-phase short circuit faults of a 10kV line) can be simulated. In addition, various faults including more than 80 secondary faults such as a switch cabinet control loop and an energy storage loop can be set for the 10kV switch cabinet and the load through an electronic screen on the simulated load cabinet.
4. Tool cabinet
The tool cabinet is used for placing operation tools such as insulating gloves, insulating boots, safety helmets, step ladders, tool boxes, electroscope, grounding wires and the like which are commonly used by operation and maintenance staff.
The functions realized by the invention include:
(1) Equipment inspection
Comprehensively inspecting and defect qualification of primary equipment;
The secondary equipment and the station inspection system are used for inspecting defects qualitatively;
(2) Device maintenance
The switch cabinet maintenance comprises a switch cabinet heater, an energy storage current idle switch, a control current idle switch and a TV fuse replacement operation guidance card filling;
The safety tool maintenance comprises a safety protection tool maintenance operation guide card, a safety tool and an instrument maintenance operation guide card;
(3) Switching operation
The power distribution circuit and the circuit breaker stop operation comprises filling of 35kV circuit breakers, 10kV circuit breakers and circuit stop and power transmission operation tickets;
The bus power-on and power-off operation comprises 35kV bus and 10kV bus power-on and power-off operation ticket filling;
The main transformer power outage operation comprises 35kV main transformer power outage operation ticket filling;
the station AC/DC system stops power transmission operation, which comprises station transformer, DC charger and power failure operation ticket filling of accumulator;
(4) Fault handling
Circuit breaker, line fault handling, including transient or permanent fault handling of 35kV lines, 10kV lines, lines when the circuit breaker fails;
bus fault treatment, including 35kV and 10kV bus fault treatment and bus fault treatment when a breaker fails to operate;
The main transformer abnormality and fault treatment comprises oil temperature, oil level and light gas abnormality treatment, main transformer body, sleeve and lead fault treatment, and main transformer fault treatment when the breaker refuses to operate;
The transformer abnormality and fault treatment comprises secondary voltage abnormality treatment and loop disconnection treatment of a voltage transformer;
the abnormal and fault handling of the alternating current and direct current system for the station comprises station transformer, station bus, direct current grounding, alternating current power supply of the charging device and voltage fault searching and handling of the direct current bus;
(5) The switch cabinet fault investigation comprises:
Troubleshooting a circuit breaker control loop;
The breaker is opened for fault investigation;
Troubleshooting an energy storage loop of the circuit breaker;
Troubleshooting an alternating current signal loop of the switch cabinet;
troubleshooting the intelligent control device;
Troubleshooting the illumination and temperature control devices in the cabinet;
troubleshooting an electromagnetic lock and an electrified display;
mechanical fault checking of the circuit breaker;
the switch cabinet overhaul comprises a low-voltage circuit breaker, a switching-on/off indicator lamp, a switching-on/off coil, a switching-on/off spring, an electrified display device, an electromagnetic lock, an energy storage motor, a circuit breaker control switch, a circuit breaker auxiliary contact and a travel switch replacement;
(6) Switch cabinet test
The direct current resistance measurement comprises main loop resistance and switching-off/switching-on coil direct current resistance measurement;
insulation resistance measurement, namely measuring insulation resistance of a switch cabinet body, insulation resistance of an auxiliary loop and a control loop, insulation resistance of a current transformer and insulation resistance of a lightning arrester;
The mechanical property test of the circuit breaker comprises a mechanical property test and a low-voltage action test of the circuit breaker;
(7) Relay protection and measurement and control device inspection
The AC/DC loop test comprises analog quantity and switching value loop test, electric shock and output signal test;
The current protection check comprises an overcurrent protection test and a reclosing test;
Setting a current protection and reclosing device, including setting the current protection and reclosing device;
(8) Intelligent design (substation one-key sequential control operation design)
One-key sequential control design for switching operation of circuit, bus and main transformer
According to the invention, the running states of the equipment and the power grid can be displayed on site through the equipment indicator lamp, and can be communicated through the optocoupler to realize data interaction transmission, so that the functions of measuring, controlling and the like of primary equipment are realized, and the equipment and the power grid cannot be used in a site and remote operation mode at the same time, so that potential safety hazards caused by misoperation can be effectively avoided. The practical training system not only reserves the line simulation function of the power transformation and distribution network of the traditional simulation platform, but also can connect the actual lines represented by the switch cabinet and the simulation load cabinet of the centrally installed switchgear into the virtual lines, so as to restore the operation environment and operation steps of operation and maintenance personnel to the maximum extent, and achieve the best training effect.
The fault in the invention is set as a soft fault mode, and the fault can be flexibly set or canceled by two modes of a local touch screen or a remote simulation system, so that irreversible damage to equipment can not be caused. Meanwhile, the combination of the soft fault mode and the soft and hardware increases the settable fault types, so that the training content is more comprehensive, and the students can know and judge the faults more clearly.
The invention takes the transformer substation as a unit, emphasizes the comprehensive, continuous and individual care of the transformer substation, emphasizes the early detection of abnormality and treatment defect. The training system integrates simulation, fault finding, qualitative and electric test, and can cultivate novel operators conforming to modern intelligent substations. The practical training system enables the fault qualitative early-stage step to be put down to on-site operation and maintenance personnel, enables the operation and maintenance personnel to master the capacity of primary and secondary side fault judgment, becomes a general doctor for operation and maintenance of power transformation and distribution, reduces the working pressure of the maintenance personnel, greatly reduces the use frequency of limited production resources such as production vehicles, skills and the like, effectively reduces the production cost and improves the working efficiency. Meanwhile, when defects of the primary and secondary equipment are found, the reasons are timely found according to the equipment defect phenomena, the reasons are processed and eliminated, the safety risk existing in the running process of the equipment is reduced, and misoperation caused by secondary side fault judgment errors is reduced.
The invention can cultivate a high quality composite operation and maintenance integrated professional talent team, realize one post of the traditional transformer operation and maintenance personnel and have multiple functions, improve the self-processing capability of the abnormal condition of equipment defects, improve the response speed of defect elimination and accident emergency repair and make a contribution to ensuring the safe and reliable power supply of a power grid.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a switching operation training system based on a real operation mode.
The integrated training system can realize interaction between the simulation transformer substation system and the entity switch cabinet, and take switching operation as an example. The teacher can issue switching operation tasks to all student machines through a coach station, after the student receives the operation tasks and prepares for operation, the student can finish simulation operation and five-prevention judgment through a five-prevention operation system-graph billing function in the simulation substation system, after billing is finished, the student can click on a 'start unlocking operation' to enter the simulation substation comprehensive automatic system, remote control is carried out on the circuit breaker, a remote control signal is transmitted to the entity switch cabinet through a communication line, and the circuit breaker acts along with the operation. The mode switch on the switch cabinet is switched from remote to local, and the handcart, the grounding switch and the like can be correspondingly operated on the entity switch cabinet.
The traditional practical training system can only realize simulation demonstration on a simulation platform or realize 'on-site' switching on/off on a switch cabinet, and the switching operation practical training system based on a real operation mode can enable students to master all processes of actual switching operation of a transformer substation, and particularly can realize remote control switching on/off.
Example 2
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides a switch cabinet fault checking training system.
The instructor sets up multiple compound fault types in advance at the instructor station, sets up the cubical switchboard trouble through the instructor station is long-range, or sets up directly through cabinet door touch-sensitive screen. The fault setting unit sets short-circuit and open-circuit faults on the secondary side line according to the selected fault type, and waits for the learner to check.
And a learner checks the mechanical faults and the electrical faults of the switch cabinet one by one according to the overhaul safety requirements and the general overhaul steps, finds abnormal conditions, judges two fault types of short circuit or open circuit according to the secondary wiring diagram of the centrally installed switchgear, searches fault points, and locates the defects. After the completion of the learner's search, the fault setting is canceled on the simulation platform or the touch screen, and the equipment is immediately recovered to be normal.
The above embodiments are merely for illustrating the design concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications according to the principles and design ideas of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Become distribution fortune maintenance integration practical training system, its characterized in that:
the system comprises an instructor station and N student stations which are connected through a network; the instructor station is used for setting, calling single or compound fault working conditions to demonstrate or check the student stations and controlling the running states of all the student stations; the student station comprises a simulation transformer substation, a switch cabinet and a simulation load cabinet;
The simulation transformer substation adopts a one-key sequential control operation design, is connected with the switch cabinet through a two-way information transmission channel, and is used for remotely controlling, remote signaling and remote measuring the switch cabinet, receiving signals of the switch cabinet, calling a database of the upper computer to set simulation faults, remotely setting secondary circuit faults of the switch cabinet and reflecting the operation and fault states of the switch cabinet;
the switch cabinet comprises a primary loop module, a secondary loop module, a measurement and control device, a middle-set handcart and a secondary side fault setting unit;
The primary loop module comprises a cable incoming line, a handcart type breaker QF and a three-phase current transformer which are sequentially connected in series, and also comprises a live display line, a cable outgoing line, a lightning protection line and a ground knife line QSE which are connected in parallel, wherein the parallel circuit is connected in series at the wire outlet end of the three-phase current transformer; the three-phase current transformer comprises a measuring loop 1lha, b, c and a protection loop 2lha, b, c; the cable outgoing line comprises a zero sequence current transformer LH0;
the secondary circuit module comprises a voltage and current measuring circuit, a protection circuit, a control circuit, an open-in signal acquisition circuit, a control circuit and a display circuit;
the voltage and current measuring loop is connected with the measuring loops 1lha, b and c and the protecting loops 2lha, b and c and is used for collecting the secondary side current of the three-phase current transformer;
The protection loop is used for setting a protection setting value, calculating the setting value and sending out a control signal;
the control loop is used for receiving the control signal and generating actions;
The opening signal acquisition loop is used for acquiring signals including an energy storage state, a handcart position, a pressing plate position and a breaker opening and closing state and transmitting the signals to the simulation transformer substation;
the control loop is used for high-voltage electrified locking and controlling the temperature and the humidity;
The display loop is used for displaying information including a primary loop analog diagram, a breaker state, a grounding disconnecting link state and a spring energy storage state;
the measurement and control device is connected with the simulation transformer substation and is used for sending the real-time tidied data and equipment states to the simulation transformer substation for displaying and receiving instructions comprising remote operation and fault setting sent by the simulation transformer substation; the measurement and control device also sets a setting value and selects protection actions including three-section overcurrent protection, two-section zero-sequence overcurrent protection capable of being blocked in a direction, three-phase primary reclosing and overload protection through a man-machine interaction interface;
The secondary side fault setting unit is connected with a dedicated fault setting circuit through contacts in each loop of the secondary loop module, a normally closed contact is arranged at a broken fault position, and a normally open contact is arranged at a short circuit fault position; the secondary side fault setting unit performs local setting or fault canceling through the measurement and control device, and performs remote setting or fault canceling through the simulation transformer substation, wherein the local operation mode and the remote operation mode are not used simultaneously so as to avoid misoperation;
The simulation load cabinet comprises a simulation load composed of a resistance element, a motor load and a control element, and a man-machine interaction module; the simulation load cabinet is connected with the switch cabinet and is used for setting multiple types of secondary faults including a switch cabinet control loop and an energy storage loop for the switch cabinet and the simulation load through the man-machine interaction module, simulating actual load change of a circuit and circuit faults including two-phase and three-phase short circuits.
2. The power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system according to claim 1, wherein the training system comprises: the switch cabinet also comprises a control display device and an electric instrument, wherein the control display device comprises an indicator lamp, and the electric instrument comprises a display panel; the measurement and control device comprises a communication module, an alternating current input module, an opening module and an operation loop module; the communication module is connected with the simulation transformer substation through a communication port and a debugging port; the secondary loop module is realized by a measurement and control device, a control display device and an electric instrument.
3. The power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system according to claim 1, wherein the training system comprises: the switch cabinet also comprises a cabinet body; the upper part of the cabinet body is an incoming line metering part, the lower part of the cabinet body is an outgoing line part, door locking plates are respectively arranged in front of and behind the cabinet body, and detachable side plates are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the cabinet body; the cabinet body comprises a main bus chamber, an instrument chamber, a breaker chamber and a cable inlet and outlet chamber, wherein steel plates are arranged between the chambers for isolation; baking varnish is sprayed on the surfaces of important components in the cabinet body to serve as a protective layer.
4. The power transformation and distribution operation and maintenance integrated training system according to claim 1, wherein the training system comprises: the multifunctional electric power tool also comprises a tool cabinet for placing common operation tools of operation and maintenance personnel, wherein the common operation tools comprise insulation gloves, insulation boots, safety helmets, step ladders, tool boxes, electroscope and grounding wires.
5. A practical training method based on the integrated practical training system for operation, maintenance and overhaul of power transformation and distribution as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the operation training method for the power transformation and distribution operation comprises the following specific steps of:
S11: a teacher issues operation tasks to a student station through a instructor station;
S12: after receiving the operation task through the student station, the student completes the simulation operation, five-prevention judgment and billing through the simulation transformer substation;
S13: remote control operation is carried out through the simulation transformer substation, and a remote control signal is transmitted to the switch cabinet through a communication line to carry out corresponding equipment actions;
s14: switching an operation mode switch of the switch cabinet from remote to local, and performing corresponding operation on equipment in the switch cabinet;
S2: the operation and maintenance fault detection method for the power transformation and distribution comprises the following specific steps:
S21: the teacher sets fault types through a instructor station or a switch cabinet, and the secondary side fault setting unit sets short-circuit faults and open-circuit faults on the secondary side line according to the selected fault types;
S22: the students check the mechanical faults and the electrical faults of the switch cabinet one by one according to the overhaul safety requirements and the general overhaul steps;
S23: finding out abnormal conditions, judging the fault type of short circuit or open circuit according to the secondary wiring diagram of the centrally installed switchgear, searching fault points, and positioning defects;
s24: after the completion of the learner's search, the fault setting is canceled on the simulation platform or the touch screen, and the equipment is immediately recovered to be normal.
6. The training method of claim 5, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
s3: the equipment and station systems of the primary loop and the secondary loop are subjected to inspection and qualitative defects;
S4: maintaining equipment and tools including a switch cabinet heater, an energy storage current idle switch, a control current idle switch, a TV fuse, safety protection tools, safety tools and meters, and filling in an operation guide card;
S5: the method comprises the steps of performing switching operation comprising power distribution circuit and breaker power and electricity interruption, bus power and electricity interruption, main transformer power and electricity interruption of a station AC/DC system;
S6: performing fault treatment on equipment of the training system;
S7: troubleshooting and overhauling the switch cabinet;
s8: performing switch cabinet measurement and test including direct current resistance, insulation resistance and mechanical characteristics of a circuit breaker;
s9: and carrying out relay protection and test control device inspection comprising AC/DC loop, current protection and reclosing device setting.
7. The training method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S6, the specific steps are as follows:
S61: handling transient or permanent faults of the line when the line or the circuit breaker fails;
S62: processing bus faults and bus faults when the circuit breaker fails to operate;
s63: processing main transformer abnormity and faults caused by oil temperature, oil level and light gas abnormity, main transformer body, sleeve and lead faults and circuit breaker refusal;
s64: processing transformer abnormality and faults including secondary voltage abnormality of a voltage transformer and circuit disconnection;
s65: and searching and processing abnormal and fault of the alternating current and direct current system of the station, which comprises the transformer for the station, the bus for the station, the direct current ground, the alternating current power supply of the charging device and the voltage fault of the direct current bus.
8. The training method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S7, the specific steps are as follows:
S71: the troubleshooting of the switch cabinet fault comprises breaker control loop fault, breaker opening fault, breaker energy storage loop fault, switch cabinet alternating current signal loop fault, intelligent control device fault, in-cabinet lighting and temperature control device fault, electromagnetic lock and electrified display fault and breaker mechanical fault troubleshooting;
S72: the object for overhauling the switch cabinet comprises a low-voltage circuit breaker, a brake-separating or brake-closing indicator lamp, a brake-separating or brake-closing coil, a brake-separating or brake-closing spring, an electrified display device, an electromagnetic lock, an energy storage motor, a circuit breaker control switch, a circuit breaker auxiliary contact and a travel switch, and is replaced when required.
9. The training method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S8, the specific steps are as follows:
s81: the direct current resistance measurement comprises main loop resistance, and direct current resistance measurement of an opening or closing coil;
S82: the insulation resistance measurement comprises the insulation resistance of the switch cabinet body, the insulation resistance of the auxiliary loop and the control loop, the insulation resistance of the current transformer and the insulation resistance of the lightning arrester;
S83: the mechanical property test of the circuit breaker comprises the mechanical property test of the circuit breaker and the low-voltage action test.
10. The training method of claim 5, wherein: in the step S9, the specific steps are as follows:
s91: the AC/DC loop test comprises analog quantity and switching value loop test, electric shock and output signal test;
S92: the current protection check comprises an overcurrent protection test and a reclosing test;
S93: the current protection and reclosing device setting comprises a current protection setting and a reclosing device setting.
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