CN116290078A - Prefabricated assembled barricade - Google Patents
Prefabricated assembled barricade Download PDFInfo
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- CN116290078A CN116290078A CN202310092537.4A CN202310092537A CN116290078A CN 116290078 A CN116290078 A CN 116290078A CN 202310092537 A CN202310092537 A CN 202310092537A CN 116290078 A CN116290078 A CN 116290078A
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- retaining wall
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 24
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/04—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming
- B28B1/045—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming combined with vibrating or jolting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
- B28B1/093—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means directly acting on the material, e.g. by cores wholly or partly immersed in the material or elements acting on the upper surface of the material
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of building engineering construction, in particular to a prefabricated retaining wall, which comprises prefabricated blocks and a die for manufacturing the prefabricated blocks; the method is characterized in that: the middle of the upper surface of the precast block is provided with a convex part, the middle of the lower surface of the precast block is provided with a concave part, two adjacent precast blocks are piled up, and the convex part of the precast block below is embedded into the concave part of the precast block above; the die comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a length plate and a width plate; the middle position of the bottom plate is raised, two sides of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with cushion blocks, the cushion blocks are arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the cushion blocks, a top plate is arranged above the bottom plate, a rectangular opening extending upwards is formed in the middle position of the upper surface of the top plate, a coaming is arranged at the edge of the top plate, through holes are formed in the coaming, and the coaming is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the length plate and the upper edge of the width plate through bolts in a matched mode; the lower edge of the length plate is symmetrically provided with extension parts, and the extension parts are fixedly connected to the end parts of the cushion blocks through bolts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building engineering construction, in particular to a prefabricated retaining wall.
Background
When the highway is constructed, some road sections can pass through mountain areas or steep slopes, earth displacement is easy to occur on the topography, broken stones are splashed on the highway, and danger is caused to running vehicles, therefore, when the highway is constructed, retaining walls are constructed on two sides of the highway, and broken stone earthwork is blocked on two sides of the highway; when constructing the retaining wall, a plurality of factors need to be considered, such as natural environment factors when the retaining wall is constructed, because the retaining wall is generally formed by concrete pouring, when the retaining wall is in the initial stage of concrete pouring, if the temperature is lower, the initial setting time and the final setting time are prolonged, compared with the situation that the final setting time is prolonged more obviously, the casting operation time is prolonged, meanwhile, the hydration rate of concrete can be reduced under the low-temperature condition, the strength development of concrete is influenced, so that the retaining wall after the concrete pouring molding has the problem that the strength is not up to standard, and the retaining wall is operated in the low-temperature natural environment, the retaining wall is poured, some equipment cannot normally run due to low temperature, moreover, the operating efficiency and effect of workers in the low-temperature environment are lower, and the completion time is seriously influenced.
Accordingly, a prefabricated retaining wall is proposed to address the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem presented in the background art is solved.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a prefabricated retaining wall, which comprises prefabricated blocks and a die for manufacturing the prefabricated blocks; the middle of the upper surface of the precast block is provided with a convex part, the middle of the lower surface of the precast block is provided with a concave part, two adjacent precast blocks are piled up, and the convex part of the precast block below is embedded into the concave part of the precast block above; the die comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, a length plate and a width plate; the middle position of the bottom plate is raised, two sides of the bottom plate are fixedly connected with cushion blocks, the cushion blocks are arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the cushion blocks, a top plate is arranged above the bottom plate, a rectangular opening extending upwards is formed in the middle position of the upper surface of the top plate, a coaming is arranged at the edge of the top plate, through holes are formed in the coaming, and the coaming is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the length plate and the upper edge of the width plate through bolts in a matched mode; the lower edge of the length plate is symmetrically provided with an extension part, and the extension part is fixedly connected with the end part of the cushion block through a bolt;
the prefabricated retaining wall has the following economic benefits: the prefabricated retaining wall is adopted for industrial production, and the mold is used in a turnover way, is manually operated and has high mechanical equipment efficiency; the method can be used for production and processing in factory building environments, is little affected by weather, and can effectively save the construction period by 3 days compared with the on-site pouring on the premise of the same construction task; the subsequent popularization and application of the technical research will continuously generate great economic benefit.
In terms of social benefits: the popularization and application of the construction method make up for the blank of the prefabricated retaining wall in the special climates and the environment of the plateau in the high-cold and high-altitude agricultural areas of project engineering sites, and plays a positive role in promoting the construction, operation management and scientific maintenance of the prefabricated retaining wall in the western plateau high-cold areas of China;
the application of the technology reduces the production batch, traceability of products and hidden engineering; the construction process, engineering quality and quality are controllable; the overall quality of the project is effectively improved, and the on-site construction period is greatly saved; the installation is quick and convenient, and the device can be repeatedly used; the landscape effect is good, the ecological environmental protection and the economic benefit are obvious, and good social benefit is obtained.
Preferably, bayonets are arranged on the side walls of the length of the precast blocks, the bayonets penetrate through the top and the bottom of the precast blocks, the cross sections of the bayonets are in a half dumbbell shape, bayonets between two adjacent precast blocks on the same layer are opposite, and two opposite bayonets are internally provided with filling blocks, and the cross streets of the filling blocks are in a dumbbell shape; the filling blocks and the prefabricated blocks are operated in the same way, the filling blocks are processed in advance and then transported to an assembly site along with the prefabricated blocks, the filling blocks are embedded into the bayonets of the two opposite layers, and the two adjacent prefabricated blocks of the same layer are connected together, so that the prefabricated blocks of the same layer are connected with each other to form a whole, and the overall strength of the retaining wall is improved.
Preferably, two stuffing units are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the bulge part on the bottom plate; the filling unit comprises a hollow rectangular block and a cylindrical bag body, wherein limit pins are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular block, the limit pins penetrate through the bottom plate and the top plate respectively, one side of the rectangular block is communicated with a pipeline, the pipeline penetrates through the length plate and extends out of the die, the bag body is fixedly connected to the other side of the rectangular block, and the bag body is communicated with the rectangular block; because the bayonets are reserved on the two sides of the precast block, the bayonets are machined when the precast block is manufactured, and the bayonet is difficult to machine when the bayonets are machined, in the application, the die is designed, so that the bayonet is simpler and more convenient to machine; set up the rectangle piece between bottom plate and the roof, rectangle piece rigid coupling utricule, when the assembly fills up the unit, imbed the spacer pin at both ends about the rectangle piece on bottom plate and roof, will fill up the unit and fix in the mould, later inject gas into the utricule through the pipeline, make the utricule inflation grow, then pour into the concrete into the mould in, after the vibration solidification, take out the gas in the utricule, the surface of utricule breaks away from the bayonet socket surface gradually, prefabrication that has the bayonet socket just also is processed out this moment, and simple structure, and easy operation.
Preferably, rectangular through grooves are formed in the convex parts, the through grooves penetrate through the concave parts, two adjacent layers of precast blocks are stacked in a staggered mode, a reinforcement cage is arranged at the communicating part of the upper through groove and the lower through groove, and the reinforcement cage penetrates through the stacked retaining wall up and down; before the prefabricated block is piled up, the reinforcement cage is fixed on the ground, when the prefabricated block is piled up later, the reinforcement cage penetrates through the groove, then concrete is injected into a gap between the through groove and the reinforcement cage, vibration compaction is carried out, the connection strength between the upper layer of prefabricated block and the lower layer of prefabricated block is improved, and the overall strength of the retaining wall is improved.
Preferably, the raised part of the bottom plate is provided with an overhead unit; the overhead unit comprises two first plates and two second plates; the bottom plate is characterized in that two rectangular sockets are symmetrically formed in the bulge surface of the bottom plate, pins arranged at the lower end of the first plate are vertically inserted into the sockets, the first plate is perpendicular to the surface of the bulge part, vertical sliding grooves are formed in the inner surfaces of the two sides of the first plate, the two sides of the second plate are connected to the sliding grooves in a sliding mode, and the bottoms of the second plate are propped against the surface of the bulge part; through arranging the overhead unit, a through groove is reserved for conveniently manufacturing the precast block; after the die assembly is fastened, the lower end of the first plate is inserted into a socket on the raised surface of the bottom plate, then two sides of the second plate slide into the sliding groove, the first plate and the second plate enclose a hollow rectangular body, a through groove is reserved in the later casting process, after solidification, the die is disassembled firstly, then the first plate and the second plate are knocked so that the first plate and the second plate are separated from the surface of the through groove, and finally the first plate and the second plate are taken out; the overhead unit has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, convenient disassembly and assembly and contribution to the casting of the through groove.
Preferably, the cylindrical part of the plugging block is provided with a through channel, the outer ring of the cylindrical part of the plugging block is provided with a plurality of overflow holes, and the overflow holes are communicated with the channel; after the filling block is embedded in the bayonet, cement is poured into the channel and vibrated, so that the cement permeates into a gap between the filling block and the bayonet along the overflow hole, gaps are filled, stability between the bayonet and the filling block is improved, and connection strength between two adjacent precast blocks on the same layer is further improved.
Preferably, the lower end of the width plate is provided with a U-shaped clamping interface, the two sides of the bottom plate are provided with vertical parts embedded in the clamping interface, and the upper end of the width plate is fixedly connected on the coaming through bolts and nuts; when assembling the mould, detain the draw-in groove of width board lower extreme on the vertical portion of bottom plate both sides, and need not the bolt cooperation nut fixed, only need with the upper edge bolt nut of width board fixed on the bounding wall can, make things convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of width board, improve the production efficiency of prefabricated section.
Preferably, the upper end of the second plate is provided with a handle; the upper end of the first plate is provided with a lifting hole; the lifting handle is arranged on the second plate, and the lifting hole is formed in the first plate, so that the first plate and the second plate can be conveniently operated, namely, the overhead unit can be conveniently installed and detached; and the lifting holes and the lifting handles are arranged, when the first plate and the second plate are stored, iron wires or ropes can penetrate through the lifting handles and the lifting holes, and the first plate and the second plate are stored together in a concentrated manner so as to avoid losing.
Preferably, a base plate is arranged below the precast block paved on the bottom layer, one side of the base plate is arranged in a protruding mode, a protruding block is arranged in the middle of the base plate, and the protruding block is embedded in a concave portion of the precast block; firstly, trowelling and hardening the ground, then paving base plates, paving the base plates in sequence along the trend of the road, and reserving gaps between adjacent base plates for later drainage; after the base plate is paved, the precast block is piled on the base plate, the base layer of the retaining wall is operated by the base plate, meanwhile, the convex blocks arranged on the base plate are matched with the concave parts at the bottom of the precast block, so that the connection stability between the retaining wall and the base plate is ensured, and the overall firmness of the retaining wall is improved again;
preferably, a diversion trench is arranged at the horizontal position of the other side of the substrate, a water draining hole is arranged between the diversion trench and one side of the substrate, and the water draining hole is obliquely downwards arranged; a gap is reserved between adjacent substrates for later-stage drainage, and drain holes are also formed in the substrates and are also used for later-stage drainage, so that accumulated water on a road can rapidly extend the gap and drain the drain holes to drain in rainy days.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the prefabricated retaining wall has the following economic benefits: the prefabricated retaining wall is adopted for industrial production, and the mold is used in a turnover way, is manually operated and has high mechanical equipment efficiency; the method can be used for production and processing in factory building environments, is little affected by weather, and can effectively save the construction period by 3 days compared with the on-site pouring on the premise of the same construction task; the subsequent popularization and application of the technical research will continuously generate great economic benefit.
2. The prefabricated retaining wall has the following social benefits: the popularization and application of the construction method make up for the blank of the prefabricated retaining wall in the special climates and the environment of the plateau in the high-cold and high-altitude agricultural areas of project engineering sites, and plays a positive role in promoting the construction, operation management and scientific maintenance of the prefabricated construction in the high-cold areas of the western plateau in China.
3. The prefabricated retaining wall of the invention has the advantages that the application of the technology reduces production batch, traceability of products and hidden engineering; the construction process, engineering quality and quality are controllable; the overall quality of the project is effectively improved, and the on-site construction period is greatly saved; the installation is quick and convenient, and the device can be repeatedly used; the landscape effect is good, the ecological environmental protection and the economic benefit are obvious, and good social benefit is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prefabricated section according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mold according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a first view exploded view of a mold according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a second view exploded view of the mold according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a third view exploded view of the mold according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the cooperation between a prefabricated block and a plugging block according to the first embodiment;
fig. 7 is a first perspective view of a prefabricated section and a reinforcement cage according to the first embodiment;
fig. 8 is a perspective view showing cooperation between a prefabricated section and a reinforcement cage at a second view angle in accordance with the first embodiment
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated section and a reinforcement cage according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing the cooperation between a prefabricated block and a base plate in the second embodiment;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a substrate in the second embodiment.
In the figure: prefabricated block 1, mould 2, convex part 3, concave part 4, bottom plate 5, vertical part 51, roof 6, length board 7, width board 8, cushion 9, rectangular mouth 10, bounding wall 11, extension 12, bayonet 1, stopper 14, rectangular block 15, bag 16, spacer 17, pipeline 18, through groove 19, reinforcement cage 20, first board 21, second board 22, socket 23, spout 24, passageway 25, overflow hole 26, joint 27, handle 28, lifting hole 29, base plate 30, lug 31, guiding gutter 32, draining hole 33.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following detailed description in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the invention easy to understand.
Embodiment one:
referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, a prefabricated retaining wall comprises a prefabricated block 1 and a mold 2 for manufacturing the prefabricated block 1; a convex part 3 is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the precast block 1, a concave part 4 is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the precast block 1, two adjacent precast blocks 1 are piled up and down, and the convex part 3 of the precast block 1 below is embedded into the concave part 4 of the precast block 1 above; the die 2 comprises a bottom plate 5, a top plate 6, a length plate 7 and a width plate 8; the middle position of the bottom plate 5 is arranged in a bulge mode, two sides of the bottom plate 5 are fixedly connected with cushion blocks 9, the cushion blocks 9 are arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate 5, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the cushion blocks 9, a top plate 6 is arranged above the bottom plate 5, a rectangular opening 10 extending upwards is formed in the middle position of the upper surface of the top plate 6, a coaming 11 is arranged at the edge of the top plate 6, through holes are formed in the coaming 11, and the coaming 11 is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the length plate 7 and the upper edge of the width plate 8 through bolts in a matched mode; the lower edge of the length plate 7 is symmetrically provided with an extension part 12, and the extension part 12 is fixedly connected with the end part of the cushion block 9 through a bolt; in the embodiment of the invention, a prefabricated retaining wall is designed, a retainer ring is divided into a plurality of prefabricated blocks 1, the prefabricated blocks 1 are produced and processed in a mild environment, each prefabricated block 1 is naturally solidified and formed, and then the prefabricated blocks 1 are transported to an assembly site; the precast block 1 is poured through the module in advance, the die 2 is assembled through the bolt and the nut, then concrete is poured into the die 2, and the concrete is poured into the die 2 for two times, after each pouring, a 30-type vibrating rod is adopted for vibrating compaction, so that a collision template is avoided, after pouring, moisture preservation measures are timely taken to prevent internal and external temperature differences of the concrete surface, cracks are prevented, and the vertical point vibration of an inserted vibrator is adopted for vibration, repeated vibration is avoided, overshock is prevented, the stability of supporting the inspection template and the sealing condition of joints are enhanced in the concrete pouring process, and slurry leakage is prevented in the concrete vibrating process. After pouring is completed, the quality of top circumferential leveling and surface finishing construction must be strictly controlled; and (5) covering the concrete with geotextile or plastic cloth for watering and curing after the concrete is initially set. The compressive strength of the precast block 1 reaches more than 2.5Mpa, and the mold 2 is removed according to a set sequence when the precast block is not damaged due to mold removal. The mold 2 is disassembled, the external environment temperature is noted, and cracks are prevented from being generated due to the fact that the temperature difference between the environment and the concrete surface is too large; when the mould 2 is disassembled, a hammer can be used for lightly knocking the plate body to separate the plate body from the concrete, and then the plate body is disassembled by a small crane. The die 2 is strictly forbidden to throw after being disassembled, and is timely polished and properly stored in a classified mode. Taking out the precast block 1, transferring to a storage area, intensively placing, automatically spraying for curing, and during steam curing in winter, strictly controlling the standing, heating, constant temperature and cooling time, preferably standing for 2-6 hours at normal temperature, wherein the heating and cooling speed is not more than 20 ℃/h, and the difference between the surface temperature and the environmental temperature is not more than 25 ℃ when the precast block is taken out of a curing shed; then the precast blocks 1 are transported to an assembly site through vehicles, stacked layer by layer, the widths of the upper and lower staggered half precast blocks are overlapped, concrete is smeared between the adjacent precast blocks 1 for sealing, and after the stacking is finished, earth backfilling is carried out on the back of the retaining wall, so that the integral strength of the retaining wall is ensured;
the prefabricated retaining wall has the following economic benefits: the prefabricated retaining wall is adopted for industrial production, and the mold 2 is used in a turnover way, is manually operated and has high mechanical equipment efficiency; the method can be used for production and processing in factory building environments, is little affected by weather, and can effectively save the construction period by 3 days compared with the on-site pouring on the premise of the same construction task; the subsequent popularization and application of the technical research will continuously generate great economic benefit.
In terms of social benefits: the popularization and application of the construction method make up for the blank of the prefabricated retaining wall in the special climates and the environment of the plateau in the high-cold and high-altitude agricultural areas of project engineering sites, and plays a positive role in promoting the construction, operation management and scientific maintenance of the prefabricated retaining wall in the western plateau high-cold areas of China;
the application of the technology reduces the production batch, traceability of products and hidden engineering; the construction process, engineering quality and quality are controllable; the overall quality of the project is effectively improved, and the on-site construction period is greatly saved; the installation is quick and convenient, and the device can be repeatedly used; the landscape effect is good, the ecological environmental protection and the economic benefit are obvious, and good social benefit is obtained.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, a bayonet 13 is provided on a side wall of the length of the prefabricated block 1, the bayonet 13 penetrates through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated block 1, the cross section of the bayonet 13 is in a half dumbbell shape, the bayonet 13 between two adjacent prefabricated blocks 1 on the same layer is opposite, a filling block 14 is provided in the two opposite bayonets 13, and the cross-section of the filling block 14 is in a dumbbell shape; the filling block 14 and the prefabricated block 1 are operated in the same way, the filling block 14 is prefabricated, then the prefabricated block 1 is transported to an assembly site, the filling block 14 is embedded into two opposite bayonets 13, and two adjacent prefabricated blocks 1 on the same layer are connected together, so that the prefabricated blocks 1 on the same layer are connected with each other to form a whole, and the overall strength of the retaining wall is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, two stuffing units are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the raised part of the bottom plate 5; the filling unit comprises a hollow rectangular block 15 and a cylindrical bag body 16, wherein limit pins 17 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular block 15, the limit pins 17 penetrate through the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 6 respectively, one side of the rectangular block 15 is communicated with a pipeline 18, the pipeline 18 penetrates through the length plate 7 and extends out of the die 2, the bag body 16 is fixedly connected to the other side of the rectangular block 15, and the bag body 16 is communicated with the rectangular block 15; because the bayonet 13 is reserved on the two sides of the precast block 1, the bayonet 13 is machined when the precast block 1 is manufactured, and the bayonet 13 is difficult to machine when the bayonet 13 is machined, in the application, the die 2 is designed, so that the bayonet 13 is simpler and more convenient to machine; the rectangular block 15 is arranged between the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 6, the rectangular block 15 is fixedly connected with the bag body 16, when the packing unit is assembled, the limiting pins 17 at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular block 15 are embedded in the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 6, the packing unit is fixed in the die 2, then gas is injected into the bag body 16 through the pipeline 18, the bag body 16 is expanded to be large, then concrete is poured into the die 2, after vibration solidification, the gas in the bag body 16 is pumped out, the surface of the bag body 16 is gradually separated from the surface of the bayonet 13, and at the moment, prefabrication with the bayonet 13 is also processed, so that the structure is simple, and the operation is easy.
Referring to fig. 7, 8 and 9, the convex portion 3 is provided with a rectangular through groove 19, the through groove 19 penetrates into the concave portion 4, the upper and lower adjacent two layers of precast blocks 1 are stacked in a staggered manner, the connecting part of the upper and lower through grooves 19 is provided with a reinforcement cage 20, and the reinforcement cage 20 penetrates through the stacked retaining wall up and down; before the prefabricated block 1 is piled up, the steel reinforcement framework 20 is fixed on the ground, then when the prefabricated block 1 is piled up, the steel reinforcement framework 20 penetrates through the groove 19, then concrete is injected into a gap between the groove 19 and the steel reinforcement framework 20, the prefabricated block is vibrated and compacted, the connection strength between the upper layer of prefabricated block 1 and the lower layer of prefabricated block 1 is improved, and the overall strength of the retaining wall is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the raised portion of the bottom plate 5 is provided with an overhead unit; the overhead unit comprises two first plates 21 and two second plates 22; two rectangular sockets 23 are symmetrically formed on the bulge surface of the bottom plate 5, pins arranged at the lower end of the first plate 21 are vertically inserted into the sockets 23, the first plate 21 is perpendicular to the bulge surface, vertical sliding grooves 24 are formed on the inner surfaces of the two sides of the first plate 21, the two sides of the second plate 22 are slidably connected to the sliding grooves 24, and the bottoms of the second plate 22 are propped against the bulge surface; by arranging the overhead unit, the through groove 19 is reserved for manufacturing the precast block 1 conveniently; after the die 2 is assembled and fastened, the lower end of the first plate 21 is inserted into a socket 23 on the raised surface of the bottom plate 5, then two sides of the second plate 22 are slid into a sliding groove 24, the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 enclose a hollow rectangular body, a through groove 19 is reserved during later casting, after solidification, the die 2 is disassembled firstly, then the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are knocked, the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are separated from the surface of the through groove 19, and finally the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are taken out; the overhead unit has simple structure, easy operation and convenient disassembly and assembly, and is beneficial to the pouring of the through groove 19.
Referring to fig. 6, the cylindrical portion of the plug 14 is provided with a through channel 25, and the outer ring of the cylindrical portion of the plug 14 is provided with a plurality of overflow holes 26, and the overflow holes 26 are communicated with the channel 25; after the plugging block 14 is embedded in the bayonet 13, cement is poured into the channel 25, and then vibrated, so that the cement permeates into a gap between the plugging block 14 and the bayonet 13 along the overflow hole 26, gaps are filled, stability between the bayonet 13 and the plugging block 14 is improved, and connection strength between two adjacent precast blocks 1 in the same layer is further improved.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 5, the lower end of the width plate 8 is provided with a U-shaped clamping interface 27, two sides of the bottom plate 5 are provided with vertical parts 51 embedded in the clamping interface 27, and the upper end of the width plate 8 is fixedly connected on the coaming 11 through a bolt and a nut; when assembling the mould 2, buckle the draw-in groove 27 of width board 8 lower extreme on the vertical portion 51 of bottom plate 5 both sides, and need not the bolt cooperation nut fixed, only need with the upper edge bolt nut of width board 8 fixed on bounding wall 11 can, make things convenient for the installation and the dismantlement of width board 8, improve the production efficiency of prefabricated section 1.
Referring to fig. 5, a handle 28 is disposed at the upper end of the second plate 22; the upper end of the first plate 21 is provided with a lifting hole 29; a lifting handle 28 is arranged on the second plate 22, and a lifting hole 29 is arranged on the first plate 21, so that the operation of the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 is convenient, namely, the installation and the disassembly of an overhead unit are convenient; and the lifting holes 29 and the lifting holes 28 are arranged, when the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are stored, iron wires or ropes can penetrate through the lifting holes 28 and the lifting holes 29, so that the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 can be stored together in a concentrated manner, and the loss is avoided.
Embodiment two:
referring to fig. 10 and 11, in a first comparative example, as another embodiment of the present invention, a base plate 30 is disposed under the precast block 1 laid on the bottom layer, one side of the base plate 30 is protruded, a protrusion 31 is disposed at the middle position of the base plate 30, and the protrusion 31 is embedded in the recess 4 of the precast block 1; firstly, trowelling and hardening the ground, then paving base plates 30, paving the base plates 30 in turn along the trend of the highway, and reserving gaps between adjacent base plates 30 for later drainage; after the base plate 30 is paved, the precast block 1 is piled on the base plate 30, the base plate 30 is used for operating the base layer of the retaining wall, meanwhile, the convex blocks 31 arranged on the base plate 30 are matched with the concave parts 4 at the bottom of the precast block 1, so that the connection stability between the retaining wall and the base plate 30 is ensured, and the firmness of the whole retaining wall is improved again;
a diversion trench 32 is arranged at the horizontal position of the other side of the base plate 30, a water drain hole 33 is arranged between the diversion trench 32 and one side of the base plate 30, and the water drain hole 33 is arranged obliquely downwards; a gap is reserved between adjacent base plates 30 for later drainage, and drain holes 33 are also formed in the base plates 30 and used for later drainage, so that accumulated water on a road can rapidly extend to the gap and drain holes 33 to drain in rainy days.
Working principle: dividing a retainer ring into a plurality of precast blocks 1 by designing a precast fabricated retaining wall, producing and processing the precast blocks 1 in a mild environment, naturally solidifying and shaping each precast block 1, and then transporting the precast blocks 1 to an assembly site; the precast block 1 is poured through the module in advance, the die 2 is assembled through the bolt and the nut, then concrete is poured into the die 2, and the concrete is poured into the die 2 for two times, after each pouring, a 30-type vibrating rod is adopted for vibrating compaction, so that a collision template is avoided, after pouring, moisture preservation measures are timely taken to prevent internal and external temperature differences of the concrete surface, cracks are prevented, and the vertical point vibration of an inserted vibrator is adopted for vibration, repeated vibration is avoided, overshock is prevented, the stability of supporting the inspection template and the sealing condition of joints are enhanced in the concrete pouring process, and slurry leakage is prevented in the concrete vibrating process. After pouring is completed, the quality of top circumferential leveling and surface finishing construction must be strictly controlled; and (5) covering the concrete with geotextile or plastic cloth for watering and curing after the concrete is initially set. The compressive strength of the precast block 1 reaches more than 2.5Mpa, and the mold 2 is removed according to a set sequence when the precast block is not damaged due to mold removal. The mold 2 is disassembled, the external environment temperature is noted, and cracks are prevented from being generated due to the fact that the temperature difference between the environment and the concrete surface is too large; when the mould 2 is disassembled, a hammer can be used for lightly knocking the plate body to separate the plate body from the concrete, and then the plate body is disassembled by a small crane. The die 2 is strictly forbidden to throw after being disassembled, and is timely polished and properly stored in a classified mode. Taking out the precast block 1, transferring to a storage area, intensively placing, automatically spraying for curing, and during steam curing in winter, strictly controlling the standing, heating, constant temperature and cooling time, preferably standing for 2-6 hours at normal temperature, wherein the heating and cooling speed is not more than 20 ℃/h, and the difference between the surface temperature and the environmental temperature is not more than 25 ℃ when the precast block is taken out of a curing shed; then the precast blocks 1 are transported to an assembly site through vehicles, stacked layer by layer, the widths of the upper and lower staggered half precast blocks are overlapped, concrete is smeared between the adjacent precast blocks 1 for sealing, and after the stacking is finished, earth backfilling is carried out on the back of the retaining wall, so that the integral strength of the retaining wall is ensured;
the prefabricated retaining wall has the following economic benefits: the prefabricated retaining wall is adopted for industrial production, and the mold 2 is used in a turnover way, is manually operated and has high mechanical equipment efficiency; the method can be used for production and processing in factory building environments, is little affected by weather, and can effectively save the construction period by 3 days compared with the on-site pouring on the premise of the same construction task; the subsequent popularization and application of the technical research will continuously generate great economic benefit.
In terms of social benefits: the popularization and application of the construction method make up for the blank of the prefabricated retaining wall in the special climates and the environment of the plateau in the high-cold and high-altitude agricultural areas of project engineering sites, and plays a positive role in promoting the construction, operation management and scientific maintenance of the prefabricated retaining wall in the western plateau high-cold areas of China;
the application of the technology reduces the production batch, traceability of products and hidden engineering; the construction process, engineering quality and quality are controllable; the overall quality of the project is effectively improved, and the on-site construction period is greatly saved; the installation is quick and convenient, and the device can be repeatedly used; the landscape effect is good, the ecological environmental protection and economic benefit are obvious, and good social benefit is obtained;
the filling block 14 and the prefabricated block 1 are operated in the same way, the filling block 14 is prefabricated, then the prefabricated block 1 is transported to an assembly site along with the filling block 14, the filling block 14 is embedded into two opposite bayonets 13, and two adjacent prefabricated blocks 1 in the same layer are connected together, so that the prefabricated blocks 1 in the same layer are connected together to form a whole, and the overall strength of the retaining wall is improved;
because the bayonet 13 is reserved on the two sides of the precast block 1, the bayonet 13 is machined when the precast block 1 is manufactured, and the bayonet 13 is difficult to machine when the bayonet 13 is machined, in the application, the die 2 is designed, so that the bayonet 13 is simpler and more convenient to machine; a rectangular block 15 is arranged between the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 6, the rectangular block 15 is fixedly connected with a bag body 16, when a filling unit is assembled, limiting pins 17 at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular block 15 are embedded in the bottom plate 5 and the top plate 6, the filling unit is fixed in the die 2, then gas is injected into the bag body 16 through a pipeline 18 to expand the bag body 16, then concrete is poured into the die 2, after vibration solidification, the gas in the bag body 16 is pumped out, the surface of the bag body 16 is gradually separated from the surface of the bayonet 13, and prefabrication with the bayonet 13 is processed at the moment, so that the structure is simple and the operation is easy;
before the precast block 1 is piled up, fixing a reinforcement cage 20 on the ground, when the precast block 1 is piled up, penetrating the reinforcement cage 20 through the groove 19, then injecting concrete into a gap between the through groove 19 and the reinforcement cage 20, vibrating and tamping, improving the connection strength between the upper layer of precast block 1 and the lower layer of precast block 1, and improving the overall strength of the retaining wall;
by arranging the overhead unit, the through groove 19 is reserved for manufacturing the precast block 1 conveniently; after the die 2 is assembled and fastened, the lower end of the first plate 21 is inserted into a socket 23 on the raised surface of the bottom plate 5, then two sides of the second plate 22 are slid into a sliding groove 24, the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 enclose a hollow rectangular body, a through groove 19 is reserved during later casting, after solidification, the die 2 is disassembled firstly, then the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are knocked, the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are separated from the surface of the through groove 19, and finally the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are taken out; the overhead unit has simple structure, is easy to operate and convenient to disassemble and assemble, and is beneficial to pouring of the through groove 19;
after the plugging block 14 is embedded in the bayonet 13, cement is poured into the channel 25, and then vibrated, so that the cement permeates into a gap between the plugging block 14 and the bayonet 13 along the overflow hole 26, a gap is filled, the stability between the bayonet 13 and the plugging block 14 is improved, and the connection strength between two adjacent precast blocks 1 in the same layer is further improved;
when the die 2 is assembled, the clamping ports 27 at the lower end of the width plate 8 are buckled on the vertical parts 51 at the two sides of the bottom plate 5, bolts and nuts are not required to be matched for fixation, and only the upper edge bolts and nuts of the width plate 8 are required to be fixed on the coaming 11, so that the installation and the disassembly of the width plate 8 are convenient, and the production efficiency of the precast block 1 is improved;
a lifting handle 28 is arranged on the second plate 22, and a lifting hole 29 is arranged on the first plate 21, so that the operation of the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 is convenient, namely, the installation and the disassembly of an overhead unit are convenient; and the lifting holes 29 and the lifting holes 28 are arranged, when the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are stored, iron wires or ropes can penetrate through the lifting holes 28 and the lifting holes 29, so that the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 can be stored together in a concentrated manner, and the loss is avoided.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A prefabricated retaining wall comprises a prefabricated block (1) and a die (2) for manufacturing the prefabricated block (1); the method is characterized in that: a convex part (3) is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the precast block (1), a concave part (4) is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the precast block (1), two adjacent precast blocks (1) are piled up, and the convex part (3) of the precast block (1) below is embedded into the concave part (4) of the precast block (1) above; the die (2) comprises a bottom plate (5), a top plate (6), a length plate (7) and a width plate (8); the middle position of the bottom plate (5) is raised, two sides of the bottom plate (5) are fixedly connected with cushion blocks (9), the cushion blocks (9) are arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate (5), threaded holes are formed in two ends of the cushion blocks (9), a top plate (6) is arranged above the bottom plate (5), a rectangular opening (10) extending upwards is formed in the middle position of the upper surface of the top plate (6), a coaming (11) is arranged at the edge of the top plate (6), through holes are formed in the coaming (11), and the coaming (11) is fixedly connected with the upper edge of the length plate (7) and the upper edge of the width plate (8) through bolts; the lower edge of the length plate (7) is symmetrically provided with extension parts (12), and the extension parts (12) are fixedly connected to the end parts of the cushion blocks (9) through bolts.
2. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated section (1) is characterized in that a bayonet (13) is arranged on the side wall of the length of the prefabricated section (1), the bayonet (13) penetrates through the top and the bottom of the prefabricated section (1), the cross section of the bayonet (13) is in a half dumbbell shape, the bayonet (13) between two adjacent prefabricated sections (1) on the same layer are opposite, a filling block (14) is arranged in the two opposite bayonets (13), and the cross section of the filling block (14) is in a dumbbell shape.
3. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein: two filling units are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bulge part on the bottom plate (5); the filling unit comprises a hollow rectangular block (15) and cylindrical bag bodies (16), limiting pins (17) are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rectangular block (15), the limiting pins (17) penetrate through the bottom plate (5) and the top plate (6) respectively, one side of the rectangular block (15) is communicated with a pipeline (18), the pipeline (18) penetrates through the length plate (7) to extend out of the die (2), the bag bodies (16) are fixedly connected to the other side of the rectangular block (15), and the bag bodies (16) are communicated with the rectangular block (15).
4. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein: rectangular through grooves (19) are formed in the protruding portions (3), the through grooves (19) penetrate through the concave portions (4), the upper adjacent precast blocks (1) and the lower adjacent precast blocks are stacked in a staggered mode, reinforcing steel bar frameworks (20) are arranged at the communicating positions of the upper through grooves (19) and the lower through grooves, and the reinforcing steel bar frameworks (20) penetrate through the stacked retaining wall up and down.
5. A prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 3, wherein: an overhead unit is arranged at the bulge part of the bottom plate (5); the overhead unit comprises two first plates (21) and two second plates (22); two rectangular sockets (23) are symmetrically formed in the bulge surface of the bottom plate (5), pins arranged at the lower end of the first plate (21) are vertically inserted into the sockets (23), the first plate (21) is perpendicular to the bulge surface, vertical sliding grooves (24) are formed in the inner surfaces of two sides of the first plate (21), two sides of the second plate (22) are slidably connected to the sliding grooves (24), and the bottoms of the second plate (22) are abutted to the bulge surface.
6. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 2, wherein: the cylindrical part of the plugging block (14) is provided with a penetrating channel (25), the outer ring of the cylindrical part of the plugging block (14) is provided with a plurality of overflow holes (26), and the overflow holes (26) are communicated with the channel (25).
7. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme of width board (8) is equipped with U-shaped draw-in interface (27), and bottom plate (5) both sides are equipped with vertical portion (51) and imbed in draw-in interface (27), and the upper end of width board (8) passes through bolt cooperation nut rigid coupling on bounding wall (11).
8. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 5, wherein: a handle (28) is arranged at the upper end of the second plate (22); the upper end of the first plate (21) is provided with a lifting hole (29).
9. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein: the bottom layer is paved below the precast block (1), a base plate (30) is arranged on one side of the base plate (30) in a protruding mode, a protruding block (31) is arranged in the middle of the base plate (30), and the protruding block (31) is embedded into the concave portion (4) of the precast block (1).
10. The prefabricated retaining wall according to claim 9, wherein: a diversion trench (32) is arranged at the horizontal position of the other side of the base plate (30), a water draining hole (33) is arranged between the diversion trench (32) and one side of the base plate (30), and the water draining hole (33) is arranged obliquely downwards.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310092537.4A CN116290078A (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | Prefabricated assembled barricade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310092537.4A CN116290078A (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | Prefabricated assembled barricade |
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| CN116290078A true CN116290078A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| CN202310092537.4A Pending CN116290078A (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2023-02-07 | Prefabricated assembled barricade |
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