CN116289199B - 水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 - Google Patents
水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116289199B CN116289199B CN202310121719.XA CN202310121719A CN116289199B CN 116289199 B CN116289199 B CN 116289199B CN 202310121719 A CN202310121719 A CN 202310121719A CN 116289199 B CN116289199 B CN 116289199B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- antibacterial
- retardant
- flame retardant
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Amitrole Chemical compound NC1=NC=NN1 KLSJWNVTNUYHDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- UBIJTWDKTYCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachlorophosphazene Chemical compound ClP1(Cl)=NP(Cl)(Cl)=NP(Cl)(Cl)=N1 UBIJTWDKTYCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000433 Lyocell Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 2
- RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium ethyl xanthate Chemical compound [Na+].CCOC([S-])=S RZFBEFUNINJXRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004896 high resolution mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000879 imine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001338 self-assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/44—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing nitrogen and phosphorus
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
- D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
- D06M13/238—Tannins, e.g. gallotannic acids
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于纺织材料生产技术领域,具体是一种水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法。该制备方法的步骤包括:利用水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂或其复合单宁酸配制高效阻燃抗菌整理液,采用浸渍烘燥法对纤维及织物进行阻燃抗菌整理,获得阻燃抗菌纤维及织物。在此基础上,利用水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂及单宁酸的金属螯合特性,可进一步获得金属离子增效的阻燃抗菌抑烟纤维及织物。此外,本发明所涉及的水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂可通过湿法纺丝工艺制备原位阻燃抗菌纤维。本发明所提出的阻燃抗菌纤维及织物制备方法具有高效阻燃抗菌、绿色环保、零甲醛释放的特点,可用于工业化生产制备。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品生产技术领域,具体是一种水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂,其能够用于制备阻燃抗菌织物、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维。
背景技术
纺织品广泛应用于服装、家纺、交通运输、医疗卫生等众多领域,在纺织品广泛应用的同时,其易燃性也威胁着人们的生命财产安全。目前全球50%以上的室内火灾是由纺织品起火所引起,主要为不具备防火阻燃性能的棉织物、再生纤维素纤维及织物及涤/棉、尼龙/棉等混纺纤维及织物,针对此类易燃纺织品的阻燃改性具有重要意义和应用价值。
同时,在适宜的温度和湿度下,以棉或再生纤维素为主的纺织品易于寄居微生物并快速繁殖,其分泌物产生菌斑、异味等,使纺织品逐步霉变、老化并对人体产生伤害,对此类纺织品进行抗菌整理非常重要。
针对棉或再生纤维素为主的纺织品的阻燃、抗菌功能化,常用的方法有通过原位纺丝法获得本质阻燃、抗菌的纤维,也可通过后整理法实现。原位纺丝法是通过将阻燃、抗菌功能助剂与再生纤维素纤维胶液混合进行湿法纺丝获得阻燃抗菌纤维,对阻燃剂粒径、耐酸碱性要求较高。相对而言,后整理法使用较为广泛,具有工艺便捷及低成本的优点。后整理法主要是通过浸渍烘燥、浸压烘焙、层层自组装、涂层(喷涂、涂覆)等方法通过沉积、吸附、黏结等物理作用或共价键与纤维素分子结合。
赋予纺织品一种功能(阻燃或抗菌)较为容易实现,但同时赋予纺织品阻燃和抗菌功能具有一定难度,目前大多数研究集中在通过不同功能的助剂或通过不同功能纤维复合实现。例如专利CN106835328B通过采用抗菌剂和阻燃剂分别在湿法纺丝不同阶段的加入制备了阻燃抗菌原丝。CN112323201A公开了一种阻燃抗菌织物制备方法,首先选用常规磷氮阻燃剂使用原位湿法纺丝工艺制备了阻燃再生纤维素纤维,再选用水溶性甲壳素等作为抗菌剂通过湿法纺丝工艺制备了抗菌再生纤维素纤维,最后将阻燃纤维与抗菌纤维混合制备了阻燃抗菌纱线,在此基础上制备了阻燃抗菌织物。CN114182404A公开了一种阻燃抗菌性涤棉混纺织物,主要采用了不同功能的纤维设计了阻燃纤维层和抗菌纤维层相复合,最终制备了阻燃抗菌织物。尽管上述方法均制备了阻燃抗菌纤维,但依然存在工艺复杂繁琐,需要同时添加阻燃剂和抗菌剂,耗时费力等问题。
此外,对六氯环三磷腈衍生化制备的磷腈阻燃剂具有优良的阻燃效果,然而现有磷腈类阻燃剂一般难溶于水,难以通过环境友好的方式制备具有阻燃效果的织物,且难以兼顾抗菌性能。
因此,本发明的目的在于开发集阻燃抗菌于一体的高效磷腈衍生物功能助剂,且该功能助剂具有水溶性,能够通过后整理法或湿法纺丝法方便快捷地制备具有抗菌阻燃效果的纤维及织物,并表现出良好的环境友好性。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种水溶性抗菌阻燃剂及其制备方法,其具有金属配位性,且可以和纤维素、酚类物质形成氢键,便于和相关功能分子进一步复合有效地附着在织物上。
为了实现上述目的,本发明涉及的水溶性抗菌阻燃剂,其结构式为:
具体地,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的具体制备方法为:将3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑(30.2g)、三乙胺(40.5g)及500mL二氯甲烷加入到1L玻璃反应釜中搅拌溶解。将六氯环三磷腈(20.8g)溶解在100mL二氯甲烷中,向玻璃反应釜反应体系中缓慢滴加,搅拌反应6-8h,过滤后得到的粗产品。粗产品先由二氯甲烷冲洗,之后将产物溶解在极少量去离子水中打浆,再加入无水乙醇沉淀出产物后过滤、真空干燥除水后保存备用。通过3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑和六氯环三磷腈反应,生成抗菌、阻燃和易溶于水的水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂,其具有金属配位性,且可以和纤维素、酚类物质形成氢键,便于和相关功能分子进一步复合,通过后整理法或原位纺丝法能够有效地负载在织物或纤维上。
一种含有水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的阻燃抗菌织物,所述水溶性抗菌阻燃剂均匀负载在织物表面及纤维缝隙或渗透进入纤维内层结构。
一种水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的阻燃抗菌纤维,所述水溶性抗菌阻燃剂均匀负载在纤维表面及内部。
具体地,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂通过后整理法负载在织物或纤维表面,制备阻燃抗菌织物或阻燃抗菌纤维。所述后整理法包括但不限于浸渍烘燥、浸压烘焙、或涂层(喷涂或刷涂)。
作为一种实现方式,一种阻燃抗菌织物或阻燃抗菌纤维的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)配制阻燃抗菌整理液,阻燃抗菌液包括水溶性抗菌阻燃剂、单宁酸和水,其中,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂含量为3wt%~10wt%,单宁酸含量为0~10wt%;
(2)将待处理纤维或织物浸渍于阻燃抗菌整理液,控制浴比1:20~1:30,浸渍时间30s~1min,取出后在60~100℃下定型烘干获得阻燃抗菌纤维或阻燃抗菌织物。阻燃抗菌纤维可进一步用于阻燃抗菌织物的制备。通过后整理法制备的阻燃抗菌织物,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂主要分布在纤维表面,也有少量存在于纤维缝隙或渗透进入纤维内层结构。由于具有金属配位性和氢键作用,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂能够快速负载在纤维上,大大缩短了后整理的时间。
具体地,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂通过原位纺丝法制备阻燃抗菌纤维。
作为一种实现方式,一种原位制备阻燃抗菌纤维的方法,包括以下步骤:将水溶性抗菌阻燃剂溶解于黏胶纺丝液,通过湿法纺丝工艺获得阻燃抗菌纤维。具体地,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂占黏胶纺丝液中纤维素磺酸钠含量的比例为10wt%~20wt%。阻燃抗菌纤维可继续用于制备阻燃抗菌织物。通过原位纺丝法水溶性抗菌阻燃剂不但负载在纤维表面还深入纤维内层结构,提高织物的耐水性性能。
进一步地,将所述的阻燃抗菌纤维及织物浸渍于Fe2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的硫酸盐、硝酸盐或氯化物的盐溶液中,完毕后定型干燥后获得金属离子增效的阻燃抗菌抑烟纤维及织物。金属离子能够锚定原有的涂层,提高耐久性,此外,金属离子本身也具有阻燃抗菌抑烟作用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:(1)合成的抗菌阻燃剂具有良好的水溶性,能够通过后整理法或原位纺丝法负载在织物上;(2)在阻燃抗菌整理液中加入单宁酸加快抗菌阻燃剂在纤维或织物负载速率,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂与单宁酸通过氢键配合,提高水溶性抗菌阻燃剂在纤维或织物上的负载稳定性,进而提高耐水洗性能;(3)金属离子能够将水溶性抗菌阻燃剂进一步锚定在纤维上,提高负载稳定性和耐久性。
附图说明
图1为水溶性抗菌阻燃剂产物与原料红外光谱对比图。
图2为水溶性抗菌阻燃剂核磁共振氢谱。
图3为水溶性抗菌阻燃剂核磁共振磷谱。
图4为水溶性抗菌阻燃剂核磁共振氢谱。
具体实施例
下面通过具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的具体制备方法为:
将3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑(30.2g)、三乙胺(40.5g)及500mL二氯甲烷加入到1L玻璃反应釜中搅拌溶解。将六氯环三磷腈(20.8g)溶解在100mL二氯甲烷中,向玻璃反应釜反应体系中缓慢滴加,搅拌反应8h,过滤后得到的粗产品。粗产品先由二氯甲烷冲洗,之后将产物溶解在极少量去离子水中打浆,再加入无水乙醇沉淀出产物后过滤、真空干燥除水后保存备用。
为进一步说明,图1-4给出了水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的红外光谱、核磁及质谱数据。红外光谱数据显示,对于产物谱图,属于3-氨基-1,2,4-三氮唑的氨基的吸收峰(3319和3399cm-1)消失了;此外,在3297、3128cm-1处的吸收峰归因于亚胺基的伸缩振动,证明氨基与P-Cl键发生了反应。归属磷腈环的P=N-P的特征峰出现在852、1138cm-1。C-N的吸收峰在1343cm-1处。在947cm-1处新的吸收峰归属于磷腈环外的P-N-C键。核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)谱图显示,7.65ppm的峰是由产物甲基质子在五元环中的共振引起的;核磁共振磷谱(31P-NMR)的-4.6ppm处出现了产物结构中唯一的磷对应的峰,证明了产物的纯净。采用质谱(HR-MS)进一步证实水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的化学结构,m/z值为632.14[m-H]-,与产物分子量的理论值633.15一致。综合以上分析,结果表明水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的合成是成功的。
实施例2-11
一种阻燃抗菌织物或纤维制备方法,具体包含以下步骤:
(1)配制阻燃抗菌整理液,其中,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂为实施例1方法制备,其含量为5wt%-10wt%,单宁酸含量为0-10wt%,以去离子水配制。
(2)将待处理织物或纤维浸渍于阻燃抗菌整理液,通过浸压烘焙(二浸二轧)工艺或浸渍烘燥工艺进行后整理,控制浴比1:20~1:30,浸渍时间30s~20min,取出后在70~100℃下定型烘干获得阻燃抗菌织物及纤维,具体实验参数如表1所示。
表1
(1)垂直燃烧参照GB/T 5455-2014所述方法进行测试;极限氧指数参照GB/T5454-1997所述方法进行测试;抗菌性能测试参照GB/T 20944.3-2008震荡法进行测试。
(2)莱赛尔纤维进行了简单的手工点火测试,表现为离火自熄;未进行氧指数和抗菌性能测试。
实施例12-14
一种金属离子增效的阻燃抗菌织物制备方法,具体为采用实施例2、实施例4、实施例5所制备的阻燃抗菌织物,分别浸渍于40℃的C4H6ZnO4·2H2O(10wt%)、FeSO4·6H2O(10wt%)、C4H6NiO4·4H2O(10wt%)去离子水溶液中1h,完毕后采用去离子水冲洗后在80℃定型干燥后获得金属离子增效的阻燃抗菌织物,具体实验参数如表2所示。
表2
实施例15
一种原位制备阻燃抗菌纤维的方法,通过以下步骤完成:
(1)采用去离子水配制凝固浴:H2SO4114-116 g/L,Na2SO4330-340 g/L,ZnSO411-12g/L;
(2)向黏胶纺丝液中添加水溶性抗菌阻燃剂,粘胶纺丝液主要成分为:纤维素黄原酸钠和稀氢氧化钠溶液,纤维素黄原酸钠含量是9wt%,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂含量为纤维素磺酸钠质量的20wt%,搅拌至均相;将混有阻燃剂的纺丝液在低温下进行消泡3-4小时;
(3)将凝固浴用水浴锅加热到60℃左右,倒入凝固浴槽内备用;
(4)将混有阻燃剂的纺丝液倒入纺丝箱,通过计量泵控制纺丝流量,经喷丝孔喷出在凝固浴作用下形成初生纤维,对纤维进行卷绕,通过调控纺丝流量和导丝盘的转速来控制牵伸比;
(5)将粘胶纤维从导丝盘上取下后,在流水中冲洗,将pH试纸贴到粘胶纤维表面,测其pH,直到pH值显示中性。最终获得阻燃抗菌纤维。该纤维具有良好的阻燃性能,表现出离火自熄性。纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌率为99.2%,对大肠杆菌的抑菌率为98.5%。
Claims (9)
1.水溶性抗菌阻燃剂,其特征在于,其结构式为:
。
2.一种含有权利要求1所述的水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的阻燃抗菌织物,所述水溶性抗菌阻燃剂均匀负载在织物表面及纤维缝隙或渗透进入纤维内层结构。
3.一种含有权利要求1所述的水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的阻燃抗菌纤维,所述水溶性抗菌阻燃剂均匀负载在纤维表面及内部。
4.根据权利要求2所述的阻燃抗菌织物,其特征在于,阻燃抗菌织物由织物在含有水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的整理液中通过后整理法制备而成,或由权利要求3所述的阻燃抗菌纤维纺织而成;阻燃抗菌纤维由纤维在含有水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的整理液中通过后整理法制备而成,或由含有水溶性抗菌阻燃剂的黏胶纺丝液纺丝而成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的阻燃抗菌织物,其特征在于,所述后整理法为浸渍烘燥、浸压烘焙、或涂层。
6.根据权利要求2或3所述阻燃抗菌织物或阻燃抗菌纤维,其特征在于,将所述的阻燃抗菌织物或纤维浸渍于Fe2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的硫酸盐、硝酸盐、醋酸盐或氯化物的溶液中,完毕后定型干燥获得金属离子增效的阻燃抗菌抑烟织物或纤维。
7.权利要求2或3所述阻燃抗菌织物或阻燃抗菌纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)配制阻燃抗菌整理液,阻燃抗菌液包括水溶性抗菌阻燃剂、单宁酸和水,其中,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂含量为3 wt%~10 wt%,单宁酸含量为0~10 wt%;
(2)将待处理织物或纤维浸渍于阻燃抗菌整理液,通过浸压烘焙工艺或浸渍烘燥工艺进行后整理,控制浴比1:20~1:30,浸渍时间30 s~20 min,取出后在70~100 ℃下定型烘干获得阻燃抗菌织物或纤维。
8.权利要求3所述的阻燃抗菌纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:将水溶性抗菌阻燃剂溶解于黏胶纺丝液,通过湿法纺丝工艺获得阻燃抗菌纤维。
9.根据权利要求8所述的阻燃抗菌纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,水溶性抗菌阻燃剂占黏胶纺丝液中纤维素磺酸钠含量的比例为10 wt%~20 wt%。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310121719.XA CN116289199B (zh) | 2023-02-16 | 2023-02-16 | 水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310121719.XA CN116289199B (zh) | 2023-02-16 | 2023-02-16 | 水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN116289199A CN116289199A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
CN116289199B true CN116289199B (zh) | 2024-03-29 |
Family
ID=86787996
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202310121719.XA Active CN116289199B (zh) | 2023-02-16 | 2023-02-16 | 水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN116289199B (zh) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105985596A (zh) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽吉安特种线缆制造有限公司 | 一种抗菌阻燃电缆料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20200115527A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2020-04-16 | Daikyo Chemical Co., Ltd. | Flame retardant treatment of polyester based synthetic fiber structure |
-
2023
- 2023-02-16 CN CN202310121719.XA patent/CN116289199B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105985596A (zh) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-10-05 | 安徽吉安特种线缆制造有限公司 | 一种抗菌阻燃电缆料及其制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
环状磷腈阻燃剂的研究进展;陈胜, 郑庆康;纺织导报;20040930(05);第92-96页 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN116289199A (zh) | 2023-06-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110273295B (zh) | 一种纤维素纤维用阻燃抗菌植酸铵整理剂及其整理方法 | |
CN108049173A (zh) | 一种含磷氮阻燃整理剂及阻燃纤维素纤维织物的制备方法 | |
CN104396965A (zh) | 一种反应型卤胺抗菌剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN110016130B (zh) | 基于超支化聚酯的磷、氮型阻燃剂及阻燃织物的制备方法 | |
CN111979776A (zh) | 阻燃抗菌面料及其制备方法 | |
JPS60194181A (ja) | 難燃性繊維複合体 | |
CN116676776B (zh) | 一种多活性基高效阻燃剂及其棉织物耐久阻燃整理的方法 | |
WO2023082137A1 (zh) | 一种阻燃耐磨的抗菌纱线及其生产工艺 | |
CN116289199B (zh) | 水溶性磷腈抗菌阻燃剂、阻燃抗菌纤维和阻燃抗菌纤维织物及制备方法 | |
CN116397438A (zh) | 一种耐久阻燃涤/棉混纺织物及其制备方法 | |
CN111074559A (zh) | 一种抗菌无磷阻燃剂及其制备方法 | |
CN113136633B (zh) | 一种长效抑菌阻燃双效莱赛尔纤维及其制备方法 | |
CN101070680A (zh) | 双核金属酞菁负载纤维材料消除甲醛及其制备方法 | |
KR101125253B1 (ko) | 음이온 고분자 염과 셀룰로오스로 조성되는 스킨-코어 섬유 및 이의 제조방법 | |
CN116180296A (zh) | 一种抗菌面料及其制备方法 | |
CN103061125A (zh) | 一种含有反应性官能团的卤胺类抗菌剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN113248541B (zh) | 一种磷氮型阻燃剂及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN114197206A (zh) | 一种利用化纤湿法纺丝制备海藻酸医用纤维的方法 | |
CN115652627B (zh) | 一种铜离子抗菌大麻纤维及织物制备方法 | |
CN112874050A (zh) | 一种高效抑菌面料及其制备方法 | |
CN113944054A (zh) | 一种生态环保抗菌消臭家纺面料及其制备方法 | |
CN114790656B (zh) | 一种抗菌莱赛尔面料及其制备方法 | |
CN118005867A (zh) | 一种生物质多酚基酚醛树脂、一种阻燃聚丙烯腈复合纤维及其制备方法 | |
CN114672990B (zh) | 一种阻燃棉织物的制备方法 | |
CN117005185B (zh) | 一种抗菌面料及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |