CN116288315A - Green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process - Google Patents
Green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116288315A CN116288315A CN202211616375.1A CN202211616375A CN116288315A CN 116288315 A CN116288315 A CN 116288315A CN 202211616375 A CN202211616375 A CN 202211616375A CN 116288315 A CN116288315 A CN 116288315A
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- aluminum
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 fluoride ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005254 chromizing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/76—Applying the liquid by spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C22/80—Pretreatment of the material to be coated with solutions containing titanium or zirconium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/12—Light metals
- C23G1/125—Light metals aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/36—Regeneration of waste pickling liquors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a green environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process, which comprises the steps of cleaning, degreasing, washing, pickling, surface conditioning, phosphating, chromium-free passivation and drying, wherein the degreasing effect can be enhanced by adopting a pump circulation or workpiece moving mode in the degreasing process, the soaking cleaning time is shortened, in the acid liquor rust removal process, corrosion of acid to the aluminum profile is reduced by adding a corrosion inhibitor, oil stains or other impurities can be continuously brought into the corrosion of the aluminum profile to metal, suspended impurities in the corrosion can be removed in a scraping and fishing mode, the overall working efficiency of the aluminum profile is improved, the non-uniformity of the surface state of the workpiece surface caused by alkaline liquor degreasing or pickling rust removal is eliminated, a large number of extremely fine crystallization centers are formed on the aluminum surface, and the problems that the wastewater contains a large number of fluoride ions and chromium ions in the wastewater produced in the pickling chromizing treatment process in the prior art and industrial hazardous waste such as fluorine slag and chromium slag are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a green environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process.
Background
The metal section is widely applied to various industries such as buildings due to the characteristics of excellent durability, decoration and processing formability, and the aluminum section has the characteristics of good processing performance, light weight and the like, and the consumption of the metal section is more than 80 percent, wherein the service life of the fluorocarbon coated aluminum section can reach 10 to 15 years, and the color is rich, so that the pursuit of people on diversification and individuation can be more satisfied.
The surface treatment before coating the aluminum profile generally adopts degreasing, chromizing and drying processes, and the existing technology has the defects that the production waste liquid contains a large amount of Cr and Cr, the industrial dangerous waste is paid for treatment cost by leaving a factory, the waste residue treatment cost is high per ton of 400 yuan, the production cost is greatly increased, and more importantly, the industrial dangerous waste of sixty-seventy-thousand tons can cause adverse effects on the environment, and the survival and development of offspring are endangered. Secondly, although the chromizing film has good corrosion resistance and can improve the adhesiveness of a spray coating, chromium is a heavy metal, which is very harmful to human bodies, and the concentration of chromium required by wastewater discharge standards is very low, so that a large amount of dangerous waste chromium residues are generated when wastewater is treated, and meanwhile, the prior art has lower efficiency and low effect on the pretreatment process of aluminum profiles.
For the problems in the related art, no effective solution has been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process, which aims to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the green environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, hanging an aluminum profile of a workpiece, cleaning the aluminum profile by tap water, and removing dust and scraps;
the cleaned aluminum profile is subjected to saponification, dissolution, wetting, dispersion and emulsification of grease on various aluminum profiles through degreasing agents, so that the grease is separated from the surface of an aluminum profile workpiece and becomes a soluble substance or is emulsified, dispersed and uniformly and stably exists in a tank liquor, and the degreasing effect can be enhanced by adopting a pump circulation or workpiece movement mode in the degreasing process, so that the soaking and cleaning time is shortened;
step three, washing the degreased aluminum profile, and flushing the surface of the aluminum profile;
the aluminum profile can be pickled in a 10% -20% sulfuric acid solution at 40 ℃, when the iron content in the solution exceeds 80g/L and the ferrous sulfate exceeds 215g/L, pickling solution is replaced, and the aluminum profile is pickled by a 20% -80% hydrochloric acid solution at normal temperature, so that the phenomena of over-corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are not easy to occur, and a corrosion inhibitor is required to be added because the corrosion effect of the acid on the aluminum profile is very large;
and fifthly, the colloid titanium salt is used as a surface regulator for surface conditioning treatment of the aluminum profile, so that the non-uniformity of the surface state of the workpiece surface caused by oil removal by alkali liquor or rust removal by acid washing can be eliminated, a large number of extremely fine crystallization centers are formed on the aluminum surface, the speed of the phosphating reaction is increased, and the formation of a phosphating film is facilitated.
And step six, carrying out phosphating treatment on the aluminum profile by utilizing the action of the low-temperature zinc phosphating solution, and accelerating the phosphating reaction speed by adding a proper amount of NO-2.
Step seven, dissolving a chromium-free passivating agent in water to prepare a passivating solution, spraying the passivating solution on the surface of the aluminum profile, and carrying out surface chromium-free passivating treatment on the aluminum profile;
and step eight, drying the treated aluminum profile, and controlling the temperature within 70-90 ℃ by adopting a low-temperature drying method.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the pickling is performed at normal temperature, and when heating pickling is used, the temperature is generally controlled to be between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃, and although the temperature has a great influence on the improvement of pickling capability, the corrosion on workpieces and equipment is aggravated due to the fact that the temperature is too high, and the influence on the working environment is also very unfavorable; and on the premise of completely removing rust, the pickling time is as short as possible so as to reduce the corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement effects of the aluminum material.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the acid liquor is continuously brought into greasy dirt or other impurities in the rust removal process, and suspended impurities in the acid liquor can be removed in a scraping and fishing mode; when the content of the soluble iron ions exceeds a certain content, the rust removing effect of the bath solution is greatly reduced, excessive iron ions are mixed into the phosphating bath along with residual liquid on the surface of the workpiece, so that the pollution and ageing of the phosphating bath solution are accelerated, the phosphating quality of the workpiece is seriously affected, the content of the iron ions of the acid solution is controlled to be not more than 6-10%, and the bath solution is required to be replaced when the control index is exceeded.
Preferably, when the surface conditioning treatment is performed in the fifth step, if the water quality used in the tank liquor is serious in rust and high in calcium and magnesium ion content, the stability of the surface conditioning liquor can be affected, and when the tank liquor is prepared, a water softener can be added in advance to eliminate the influence of the water quality on the surface conditioning liquor, and when the tank liquor is layered in a precipitation mode and is flocculent, the tank liquor must be replaced at the moment.
Preferably, in the sixth step, as the phosphating reaction is continuously performed, the amount of the slag in the bath solution is gradually increased, and excessive slag can affect the interface reaction on the surface of the workpiece, so that the phosphate film is highly colored, ash is seriously hung, and even the phosphate film is not formed, therefore, the bath solution must be timely inverted according to the amount of the processed workpiece and the service time, and slag removal and silt removal are performed.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the chromium-free passivation time is 15-30s, the concentration of the passivation solution is 0.4%, the pH of the passivation solution is required to be 2.8-3.8, and the conductivity is 200-600 us/cm.
The invention provides a green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process, which has the following beneficial effects:
the degreasing effect can be enhanced by adopting a pump circulation mode or a workpiece moving mode in the degreasing process, the dipping and cleaning time is shortened, oil stains or other impurities can be continuously brought in the acid liquor rust removal process, suspended impurities in the degreasing and cleaning process can be removed by scraping and fishing, the overall working efficiency of the degreasing and cleaning device is improved, meanwhile, the effect is improved, the problems that the wastewater contains a large amount of fluoride ions and chromium ions in the existing pickling and chromizing treatment process, and industrial dangers such as fluorine slag and chromium slag are generated after the wastewater is treated are solved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples, which are merely some, but not all, of the examples of the invention. Embodiments and features of embodiments in this application may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which would be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are referred to, and the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, and the like between the components in a specific posture, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed by the invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the green environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process specifically comprises the following steps of:
firstly, hanging an aluminum profile of a workpiece, cleaning the aluminum profile by tap water, and removing dust and scraps;
the cleaned aluminum profile is subjected to saponification, dissolution, wetting, dispersion and emulsification of grease on various aluminum profiles through degreasing agents, so that the grease is separated from the surface of an aluminum profile workpiece and becomes a soluble substance or is emulsified, dispersed and uniformly and stably exists in a tank liquor, and the degreasing effect can be enhanced by adopting a pump circulation or workpiece movement mode in the degreasing process, so that the soaking and cleaning time is shortened;
step three, washing the degreased aluminum profile, and flushing the surface of the aluminum profile;
step four, acid washing treatment can be carried out by adopting an injection method in production, the aluminum profile is acid washed in a 10% -20% sulfuric acid solution at 40 ℃, when the iron content in the solution exceeds 80g/L and the ferrous sulfate exceeds 215g/L, the acid washing liquid is replaced, the aluminum profile is acid washed by a 20% -80% hydrochloric acid solution at normal temperature, the phenomena of over corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are not easy to occur, and because the corrosion effect of the acid on the aluminum profile is very large, a corrosion inhibitor is required to be added;
and fifthly, the colloid titanium salt is used as a surface regulator for surface conditioning treatment of the aluminum profile, so that the non-uniformity of the surface state of the workpiece surface caused by oil removal by alkali liquor or rust removal by acid washing can be eliminated, a large number of extremely fine crystallization centers are formed on the aluminum surface, the speed of the phosphating reaction is increased, and the formation of a phosphating film is facilitated.
And step six, carrying out phosphating treatment on the aluminum profile by utilizing the action of the low-temperature zinc phosphating solution, and accelerating the phosphating reaction speed by adding a proper amount of NO-2.
Step seven, dissolving a chromium-free passivating agent in water to prepare a passivating solution, spraying the passivating solution on the surface of the aluminum profile, and carrying out surface chromium-free passivating treatment on the aluminum profile;
and step eight, drying the treated aluminum profile, and controlling the temperature within 70-90 ℃ by adopting a low-temperature drying method.
The surface of the aluminum profile treated in the embodiment is sprayed with thermosetting polyester coating, each performance of the powder-sprayed profile is detected according to GB/T5237.4-2017 standard, and the test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1:
in one embodiment, the pickling is preferably performed at normal temperature, and when heating pickling is used, the temperature is generally controlled to be between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃, and although the temperature has a great influence on the improvement of the pickling capability, the corrosion on workpieces and equipment is aggravated due to the fact that the temperature is too high, and the influence on the working environment is also very unfavorable; on the premise of completely removing rust, the pickling time is as short as possible so as to reduce the influence of corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement of the aluminum material, and oil stains or other impurities can be continuously brought into the acid liquor in the rust removal process, wherein suspended impurities can be removed in a scraping and fishing mode; when the content of the soluble iron ions exceeds a certain content, the rust removing effect of the bath solution is greatly reduced, excessive iron ions are mixed into the phosphating bath along with residual liquid on the surface of the workpiece, so that the pollution and ageing of the phosphating bath solution are accelerated, the phosphating quality of the workpiece is seriously affected, the content of the iron ions of the acid solution is controlled to be not more than 6-10%, and the bath solution is required to be replaced when the control index is exceeded.
In an embodiment, when the surface conditioning treatment is performed in the fifth step, if the water quality used in the tank solution contains serious rust and large calcium and magnesium ions, the stability of the surface conditioning solution is affected, and when the tank solution is prepared, a water softener can be added in advance to eliminate the influence of the water quality on the surface conditioning solution, and when the tank solution is layered to form flocculent precipitate, the tank solution must be replaced at the moment.
In an embodiment, in the sixth step, as the phosphating reaction is continuously performed, the amount of the slag in the bath solution is gradually increased, and excessive slag can affect the interface reaction on the surface of the workpiece, so that the phosphating film is highly colored, has serious ash formation, and even does not form a film, and therefore the bath solution must be timely inverted according to the amount of the processed workpiece and the service time to remove the slag and remove the sludge.
In one embodiment, in the seventh step, the chromium-free passivation time is 15-30s, the passivation solution concentration is 0.4%, the passivation solution pH is required to be 2.8-3.8, and the conductivity is 200-600 us/cm.
When the aluminum profile is actually applied, firstly, the aluminum profile of a workpiece is hung, and is cleaned by tap water, and dust and scraps are removed; the cleaned aluminum profile is subjected to saponification, dissolution, wetting, dispersion and emulsification of grease on various aluminum profiles through degreasing agents, so that the grease is separated from the surface of an aluminum profile workpiece and becomes a soluble substance or is emulsified and dispersed to be uniformly and stably present in a bath solution, and the degreasing quality is realized through mechanical action; washing the degreased aluminum profile with water, and flushing the surface of the aluminum profile; the aluminum profile can be subjected to acid washing treatment by adopting an injection method, the aluminum profile is subjected to acid washing in a 10% -20% sulfuric acid solution at the temperature of 40 ℃, when the iron content in the solution exceeds 80g/L and the ferrous sulfate exceeds 215g/L, the acid washing liquid is replaced, the aluminum profile is subjected to acid washing by adopting a 20% -80% hydrochloric acid solution at normal temperature, the phenomena of over-corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are not easy to occur, and because the aluminum profile has great corrosion effect on metals, a corrosion inhibitor is required to be added; the surface conditioning treatment of the aluminum profile by using the colloid titanium salt as a surface conditioning agent can eliminate the non-uniformity of the surface state of the workpiece surface caused by alkali liquor oil removal or acid washing rust removal, so that a large number of extremely fine crystallization centers are formed on the aluminum surface, the speed of the phosphating reaction is increased, and the formation of a phosphating film is facilitated; the aluminium profile is subjected to phosphating treatment by utilizing the action of low-temperature zinc phosphating solution, and the phosphating reaction speed is increased by adding a proper amount of NO-2; dissolving a chromium-free passivating agent in water to prepare a passivating solution, spraying the passivating solution on the surface of the aluminum profile, and carrying out surface chromium-free passivating treatment on the aluminum profile; drying the treated aluminum profile, and controlling the temperature within 70-90 ℃ by adopting a low-temperature drying method.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, hanging an aluminum profile of a workpiece, cleaning the aluminum profile by tap water, and removing dust and scraps;
and secondly, saponifying, dissolving, wetting, dispersing and emulsifying the grease on various aluminum profiles through a degreasing agent to ensure that the grease is separated from the surface of the aluminum profile workpiece and becomes a soluble substance or is emulsified, dispersed and uniformly and stably exists in the bath liquid, and the degreasing effect can be enhanced by adopting a pump circulation or workpiece movement mode in the degreasing process, so that the soaking and cleaning time is shortened.
Step three, washing the degreased aluminum profile, and flushing the surface of the aluminum profile;
step four, the aluminum profile can be subjected to acid washing treatment by adopting an injection method, the aluminum profile is subjected to acid washing in a sulfuric acid solution with the concentration of 1O-20%, the temperature is 40 ℃, when the iron content in the solution exceeds 80g/L and the ferrous sulfate exceeds 215g/L, the acid washing liquid is replaced, the aluminum profile is subjected to acid washing by adopting a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 20-80% at normal temperature, the phenomena of over corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement are not easy to occur, and because the corrosion effect of the acid on the aluminum profile is very large, a corrosion inhibitor is required to be added;
step five, the colloid titanium salt is used as a surface regulator for surface conditioning treatment of the aluminum profile, so that the non-uniformity of the surface state of the workpiece surface caused by alkali liquor oil removal or acid washing rust removal can be eliminated, a large number of extremely fine crystallization centers are formed on the aluminum surface, the speed of the phosphating reaction is increased, and the formation of a phosphating film is facilitated;
step six, utilizing the effect of low-temperature zinc phosphating solution to carry out phosphating treatment on the aluminum profile, and accelerating the phosphating reaction speed by adding a proper amount of NO-2;
step seven, dissolving a chromium-free passivating agent in water to prepare a passivating solution, spraying the passivating solution on the surface of the aluminum profile, and carrying out surface chromium-free passivating treatment on the aluminum profile;
and step eight, drying the treated aluminum profile, and controlling the temperature within 70-90 ℃ by adopting a low-temperature drying method.
2. The process for pre-spraying treatment of green and environment-friendly aluminum profiles according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the pickling is performed at normal temperature, and when the heating pickling is used, the temperature is generally controlled to be between 40 ℃ and 70 ℃, and although the temperature has a great influence on the improvement of the pickling capability, the corrosion on workpieces and equipment is aggravated due to the fact that the temperature is too high, and the influence on the working environment is also very unfavorable; and on the premise of completely removing rust, the pickling time is as short as possible so as to reduce the corrosion and hydrogen embrittlement effects of the aluminum material.
3. The process for pre-spraying treatment of green aluminum profiles according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, oil stains or other impurities are continuously carried in the acid solution in the rust removal process, and suspended impurities in the acid solution can be removed by scraping; when the content of the soluble iron ions exceeds a certain content, the rust removing effect of the bath solution is greatly reduced, excessive iron ions are mixed into the phosphating bath along with residual liquid on the surface of the workpiece, so that the pollution and ageing of the phosphating bath solution are accelerated, the phosphating quality of the workpiece is seriously affected, the content of the iron ions of the acid solution is controlled to be not more than 6-10%, and the bath solution is required to be replaced when the control index is exceeded.
4. The process for pre-spraying treatment of green and environment-friendly aluminum profiles according to claim 1, wherein when the surface conditioning treatment is performed in the fifth step, if the water quality used in the bath solution contains serious rust and large calcium and magnesium ions, the stability of the surface conditioning solution can be affected, and when the bath solution is prepared, a water softener can be added in advance to eliminate the influence of the water quality on the surface conditioning solution, and when the bath solution is layered in a flocculent state, the bath solution must be replaced.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, as the phosphating reaction proceeds, the amount of the slag in the bath solution increases gradually, and excessive slag can affect the interface reaction on the surface of the workpiece, so that the phosphate film is highly colored, ash is hung, and even the film is not formed, and therefore, the bath solution must be inverted in time according to the amount of the processed workpiece and the service time, and the slag removal and the silt removal are performed.
6. The green and environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process according to claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the chromium-free passivation time is 15-30s, the passivation solution concentration is 0.4%, the passivation solution pH is required to be 2.8-3.8, and the conductivity is 200-600 us/cm.
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| CN110846647A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 湖南恒信新型建材有限公司 | Surface treatment process for aluminum alloy profile |
| US20200308713A1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-10-01 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh | Pickling method for profiles, rolled strips, and sheets made of aluminium alloys |
| CN112921316A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-08 | 福建省闽发铝业股份有限公司 | Green environment-friendly aluminum profile spraying pretreatment process |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20200308713A1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2020-10-01 | Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products Gmbh | Pickling method for profiles, rolled strips, and sheets made of aluminium alloys |
| CN108728854A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-11-02 | 安徽德斯兰卡铝业科技有限公司 | A kind of cleaning of aluminium section bar |
| CN109706441A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-03 | 熊映明 | Aluminium alloy spraying pretreatment chromium-free deactivation line waste water and dregs zero-emission configuration |
| CN110846647A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-28 | 湖南恒信新型建材有限公司 | Surface treatment process for aluminum alloy profile |
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