CN106637025A - Modified zinc plating treatment process for steel - Google Patents
Modified zinc plating treatment process for steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106637025A CN106637025A CN201611197090.3A CN201611197090A CN106637025A CN 106637025 A CN106637025 A CN 106637025A CN 201611197090 A CN201611197090 A CN 201611197090A CN 106637025 A CN106637025 A CN 106637025A
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- steel
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- chloride
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
Abstract
The invention discloses a modified zinc plating treatment process for steel, and belongs to the technical field of steel surface working. The process specifically comprises the following steps: (1) flushing to remove impurities; (2) performing pickling treatment; (3) performing plating aid treatment; (4) performing zinc plating treatment; (5) performing laser impact treatment; and (6) performing heat preservation treatment. The treatment process can effectively enhance the corruption resistance, wear resistance, temperature resistance and ageing resistance characteristics of steel, and improves the impact resistance, bending resistance, cracking resistance and other mechanical properties of steel, thereby having high popularization and application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Surface-micromachining process field of steel, and in particular to a kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel.
Background technology
Galvanizing by dipping is a kind of by plated iron and steel parts(Such as steel plate, steel construction piece or other iron and steel parts)Immersion
Kept for a period of time in the zinc liquid of fusing, in the process by dissolving, the mode such as chemical reaction and diffusion between iron and zinc liquid
In the guard method of one layer of zinc of surface adhesion.It is the most economical, effective that it always prevents that iron and steel from corrode in natural environment
Surface treatment method, is widely used in the protection of each class formation of ferrous materials, and more than the 50% of global metallic zinc consumption
All it is used for the protective coating of iron and steel up to the present, the galvanizing of iron and steel parts is substantially all and is carried out using solvent process,
The operations such as plating are helped to carry out galvanizing by dipping process again by oil removing, pickling, activation, painting solvent iron and steel parts to be plated.Although plating
Zinc process serves good protective effect to steel, but its protection effect does not still reach the satisfaction of people, and characteristic is still needed to
It is further to improve.
The content of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel, can effectively lift zinc-plated protection effect, carry
Rise the use quality of steel.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel, comprises the steps:
(1)Rinse removal of impurities:
First spend fluid degreasing is carried out to steel to be processed and go after oil processing, then wash away standby after raffinate;
(2)Pickling processes:
By step(1)Steel after process are put into 35 ~ 40min of immersion treatment in pickle, with after clear water rinsed clean after taking-up
It is standby;The percentage by weight of each material composition is in the pickle:20 ~ 23% hydrochloric acid, 0.3 ~ 0.6% poly- orthophosphates, 0.2 ~
0.4% sodium molybdate, 0.1 ~ 0.3% sodium vanadate, balance of water;
(3)Help plating:
By step(2)Steel after process are put in fluxing agent, and holding fluxing agent is normal temperature, after steel are helped with 30 ~ 35s of plating
Take out dry for standby;The fluxing agent is made up of the material of following weight portion:9 ~ 12 parts of zinc chloride, 3.5 ~ 5.5 parts of sodium chloride,
0.3 ~ 0.5 part of magnesium chloride, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of potassium chloride, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of potassium permanganate, 0.1 ~ 0.2
Part potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of sodium tetraborate, 0.05 ~ 0.1 part of lanthanum nitrate, 0.05 ~ 0.15 part of ytterbium nitrate, 0.05 ~ 0.1
Part cerous sulfate, 0.05 ~ 0.1 part of ytterbium sulfate, 0.4 ~ 0.5 part of phytic acid, 0.3 ~ 0.4 part of auxiliary agent, 100 ~ 110 parts of deionized waters, it is described
Auxiliary agent by following weight portion material composition:13 ~ 15 parts of dodecyl sodium sulfates, 7 ~ 10 parts of OPEOs, 6 ~ 8 parts
Brocide, 5 ~ 7 parts of glycerine, 3 ~ 5 parts of isopropanolamines, 2 ~ 4 parts of fatty acid alkanol amides, 1 ~ 2 part of methenamine;
(4)Zinc-plated process:
By step(3)Steel after process are put in zinc liquid, and it is 465 ~ 475 DEG C that heating keeps zinc liquid temperature, at steel immersion plating
Dry for standby is taken out after 45 ~ 50s of reason;
(5)Laser-impact process:
By step(4)Steel after process are put in pulse laser impact equipment, control the wavelength of pulse laser for 940 ~
970nm, pulse width is 26 ~ 27ns, and single pulse energy is 4 ~ 6J, is taken out after the completion of process standby;
(6)Isothermal holding:
By step(5)Steel after process are put into temperature to take out after 3 ~ 4h of isothermal holding under conditions of 180 ~ 220 DEG C, naturally cold
But to room temperature.
Further, step(3)Described in fluxing agent preparation method, comprise the steps:
(1)First zinc chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride are mixed jointly with deionized water, heating keeps solution
Temperature is 37 ~ 40 DEG C, obtains mixed liquor A after being stirred continuously uniformly with 500 ~ 550 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(2)Potassium permanganate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, lanthanum nitrate, ytterbium nitrate, cerous sulfate, ytterbium sulfate are added to into step
(1)In the mixed liquor A of gained, 45 ~ 48 DEG C are warming up to, after being stirred continuously uniformly with 750 ~ 800 revs/min of rotating speed mixed liquor is obtained
B is standby;
(3)Phytic acid and auxiliary agent are added to into step(2)Gained mixed liquid B in, after being down to normal temperature, then with 1100 ~ 1150 turns/
The rotating speed of minute is stirred continuously to uniformly.
Further, step(4)Described in zinc liquid containing mass fraction for 0.05 ~ 0.08% metallic aluminium.
Further, step(5)Described in laser-impact process using being repeated several times by the way of impact, the weight of repeat impact
Multiple rate is 0.27 ~ 0.33 Hz, and overlapping rate is 52%.
The present invention has the advantages that:
The present invention is corresponded to during zinc-plated process is carried out to steel, first and has prepared fluxing agent, and its using effect preferably, can have
Effect lifts smooth, the uniform continuity of coating, it is to avoid the occurrence of leakage is crossed, and can use at normal temperatures, reduces life
Cost is produced, after the completion of to the zinc-plated process of steel, laser-impact process has been carried out, coating can be further improved with steel matrix
Adhesion effect, using coating as absorbed layer, under the impact of laser beam, heatproof, the wear-resisting, acid and alkali-resistance for effectively improving coating is rotten
Erosion characteristic, while and improving combination, the resistance to impact of two-layer interface induction of the refinement of coating lower section steel crystal grain very well
Can, further improve the overall usability of steel.Under the common mating reaction of each step, handling process of the present invention can be effective
Corrosion resistant, wear-resisting, heatproof, the anti-aging property of steel are lifted, the mechanics such as impact resistance, resist bending, the resistance to cracking of steel are improved again
Characteristic, popularizing value is higher.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel, comprises the steps:
(1)Rinse removal of impurities:
First spend fluid degreasing is carried out to steel to be processed and go after oil processing, then wash away standby after raffinate;
(2)Pickling processes:
By step(1)Steel after process are put into immersion treatment 35min in pickle, and clear water rinsed clean standby is used after taking-up
With;The percentage by weight of each material composition is in the pickle:20% hydrochloric acid, 0.3% poly- orthophosphates, 0.2% sodium molybdate,
0.1% sodium vanadate, balance of water;
(3)Help plating:
By step(2)Steel after process are put in fluxing agent, and holding fluxing agent is normal temperature, steel is helped after plating 30s and is taken
Go out dry for standby;The fluxing agent is made up of the material of following weight portion:9 parts of zinc chloride, 3.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.3 part of chlorination
Magnesium, 0.2 part of potassium chloride, 0.15 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 part of potassium permanganate, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15 part of sodium tetraborate,
0.05 part of lanthanum nitrate, 0.05 part of ytterbium nitrate, 0.05 part of cerous sulfate, 0.05 part of ytterbium sulfate, 0.4 part of phytic acid, 0.3 part of auxiliary agent, 100 parts
Deionized water, the auxiliary agent by following weight portion material composition:13 parts of dodecyl sodium sulfates, 7 parts of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene
Ether, 6 parts of brocides, 5 parts of glycerine, 3 parts of isopropanolamines, 2 parts of fatty acid alkanol amides, 1 part of methenamine;
(4)Zinc-plated process:
By step(3)Steel after process are put in zinc liquid, and it is 465 ~ 470 DEG C that heating keeps zinc liquid temperature, at steel immersion plating
Dry for standby is taken out after reason 45s;
(5)Laser-impact process:
By step(4)Steel after process are put in pulse laser impact equipment, control the wavelength of pulse laser for 940 ~
960nm, pulse width is 26ns, and single pulse energy is 4J, takes out standby after the completion of process;
(6)Isothermal holding:
By step(5)Steel after process are put into temperature to take out after isothermal holding 3h under conditions of 180 ~ 200 DEG C, natural cooling
To room temperature.
Further, step(3)Described in fluxing agent preparation method, comprise the steps:
(1)First zinc chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride are mixed jointly with deionized water, heating keeps solution
Temperature is 37 DEG C, obtains mixed liquor A after being stirred continuously uniformly with 500 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(2)Potassium permanganate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, lanthanum nitrate, ytterbium nitrate, cerous sulfate, ytterbium sulfate are added to into step
(1)In the mixed liquor A of gained, 45 DEG C are warming up to, obtain mixed liquid B after being stirred continuously uniformly with 750 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(3)Phytic acid and auxiliary agent are added to into step(2)In the mixed liquid B of gained, after being down to normal temperature, then with 1100 revs/min
Rotating speed is stirred continuously to uniformly.
Further, step(4)Described in zinc liquid containing the metallic aluminium that mass fraction is 0.05%.
Further, step(5)Described in laser-impact process using being repeated several times by the way of impact, the weight of repeat impact
Multiple rate is 0.27Hz, and overlapping rate is 52%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel, comprises the steps:
(1)Rinse removal of impurities:
First spend fluid degreasing is carried out to steel to be processed and go after oil processing, then wash away standby after raffinate;
(2)Pickling processes:
By step(1)Steel after process are put into immersion treatment 40min in pickle, and clear water rinsed clean standby is used after taking-up
With;The percentage by weight of each material composition is in the pickle:23% hydrochloric acid, 0.6% poly- orthophosphates, 0.4% sodium molybdate,
0.3% sodium vanadate, balance of water;
(3)Help plating:
By step(2)Steel after process are put in fluxing agent, and holding fluxing agent is normal temperature, steel is helped after plating 35s and is taken
Go out dry for standby;The fluxing agent is made up of the material of following weight portion:12 parts of zinc chloride, 5.5 parts of sodium chloride, 0.5 part of chlorination
Magnesium, 0.4 part of potassium chloride, 0.25 part of calcium chloride, 0.25 part of potassium permanganate, 0.2 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.25 part of sodium tetraborate, 0.1
Part lanthanum nitrate, 0.15 part of ytterbium nitrate, 0.1 part of cerous sulfate, 0.1 part of ytterbium sulfate, 0.5 part of phytic acid, 0.4 part of auxiliary agent, 110 parts of deionizations
Water, the auxiliary agent by following weight portion material composition:15 parts of dodecyl sodium sulfates, 10 parts of OPEOs, 8 parts
Brocide, 7 parts of glycerine, 5 parts of isopropanolamines, 4 parts of fatty acid alkanol amides, 2 parts of methenamines;
(4)Zinc-plated process:
By step(3)Steel after process are put in zinc liquid, and it is 470 ~ 475 DEG C that heating keeps zinc liquid temperature, at steel immersion plating
Dry for standby is taken out after reason 50s;
(5)Laser-impact process:
By step(4)Steel after process are put in pulse laser impact equipment, control the wavelength of pulse laser for 950 ~
970nm, pulse width is 27ns, and single pulse energy is 6J, takes out standby after the completion of process;
(6)Isothermal holding:
By step(5)Steel after process are put into temperature to take out after isothermal holding 4h under conditions of 220 DEG C, naturally cool to room
Temperature.
Further, step(3)Described in fluxing agent preparation method, comprise the steps:
(1)First zinc chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride are mixed jointly with deionized water, heating keeps solution
Temperature is 40 DEG C, obtains mixed liquor A after being stirred continuously uniformly with 550 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(2)Potassium permanganate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, lanthanum nitrate, ytterbium nitrate, cerous sulfate, ytterbium sulfate are added to into step
(1)In the mixed liquor A of gained, 48 DEG C are warming up to, obtain mixed liquid B after being stirred continuously uniformly with 800 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(3)Phytic acid and auxiliary agent are added to into step(2)In the mixed liquid B of gained, after being down to normal temperature, then with 1150 revs/min
Rotating speed is stirred continuously to uniformly.
Further, step(4)Described in zinc liquid containing the metallic aluminium that mass fraction is 0.08%.
Further, step(5)Described in laser-impact process using being repeated several times by the way of impact, the weight of repeat impact
Multiple rate is 0.33 Hz, and overlapping rate is 52%.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, with existing commercially available common fluxing agent step of replacing(3)Helping in plating makes
Fluxing agent, method and step all same in addition.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 compared with Example 2, saves step(5)Laser-impact process, method and step in addition is homogeneous
Together.
Control group
The zinc-plated handling process of existing steel.
In order to contrast effect of the present invention, from a batch of steel, five groups are randomly divided into, respectively with above-mentioned five kinds of methods
Zinc-plated process is carried out, creation data during statistical disposition, and performance detection is carried out to the steel after zinc-plated process, specific contrast
Data are as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Plating leakage rate(%) | Coating surface quality | Neutral salt spray test duration(h) | |
Embodiment 1 | 0.1 | Coating is complete, very bright | 290 |
Embodiment 2 | 0 | Coating is complete, very bright | 296 |
Comparative example 1 | 0.4 | Coating is complete, brighter | 267 |
Comparative example 2 | 0.9 | Coating is complete, very bright | 243 |
Control group | 1.0 | Coating is complete, brighter | 224 |
Note:Neutral salt spray duration described in upper table 1 is carried out with reference to GB10125-88, and chamber temperature is promoted to into 40 ± 2 DEG C,
Continuous spraying, until duration is experienced in coating surface corrosion.
The quality of coating can be effectively lifted by can be seen that processing method of the present invention in upper table 1, and can effectively reduce processing
The plating leakage rate of production, economic benefit is higher.
Claims (4)
1. the modified zinc-plated handling process of a kind of steel, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1)Rinse removal of impurities:
First spend fluid degreasing is carried out to steel to be processed and go after oil processing, then wash away standby after raffinate;
(2)Pickling processes:
By step(1)Steel after process are put into 35 ~ 40min of immersion treatment in pickle, with after clear water rinsed clean after taking-up
It is standby;The percentage by weight of each material composition is in the pickle:20 ~ 23% hydrochloric acid, 0.3 ~ 0.6% poly- orthophosphates, 0.2 ~
0.4% sodium molybdate, 0.1 ~ 0.3% sodium vanadate, balance of water;
(3)Help plating:
By step(2)Steel after process are put in fluxing agent, and holding fluxing agent is normal temperature, after steel are helped with 30 ~ 35s of plating
Take out dry for standby;The fluxing agent is made up of the material of following weight portion:9 ~ 12 parts of zinc chloride, 3.5 ~ 5.5 parts of sodium chloride,
0.3 ~ 0.5 part of magnesium chloride, 0.2 ~ 0.4 part of potassium chloride, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of calcium chloride, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of potassium permanganate, 0.1 ~ 0.2
Part potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.15 ~ 0.25 part of sodium tetraborate, 0.05 ~ 0.1 part of lanthanum nitrate, 0.05 ~ 0.15 part of ytterbium nitrate, 0.05 ~ 0.1
Part cerous sulfate, 0.05 ~ 0.1 part of ytterbium sulfate, 0.4 ~ 0.5 part of phytic acid, 0.3 ~ 0.4 part of auxiliary agent, 100 ~ 110 parts of deionized waters, it is described
Auxiliary agent by following weight portion material composition:13 ~ 15 parts of dodecyl sodium sulfates, 7 ~ 10 parts of OPEOs, 6 ~ 8 parts
Brocide, 5 ~ 7 parts of glycerine, 3 ~ 5 parts of isopropanolamines, 2 ~ 4 parts of fatty acid alkanol amides, 1 ~ 2 part of methenamine;
(4)Zinc-plated process:
By step(3)Steel after process are put in zinc liquid, and it is 465 ~ 475 DEG C that heating keeps zinc liquid temperature, at steel immersion plating
Dry for standby is taken out after 45 ~ 50s of reason;
(5)Laser-impact process:
By step(4)Steel after process are put in pulse laser impact equipment, control the wavelength of pulse laser for 940 ~
970nm, pulse width is 26 ~ 27ns, and single pulse energy is 4 ~ 6J, is taken out after the completion of process standby;
(6)Isothermal holding:
By step(5)Steel after process are put into temperature to take out after 3 ~ 4h of isothermal holding under conditions of 180 ~ 220 DEG C, naturally cold
But to room temperature.
2. a kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(3)Described in
The preparation method of fluxing agent, comprises the steps:
(1)First zinc chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride are mixed jointly with deionized water, heating keeps solution
Temperature is 37 ~ 40 DEG C, obtains mixed liquor A after being stirred continuously uniformly with 500 ~ 550 revs/min of rotating speed standby;
(2)Potassium permanganate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium tetraborate, lanthanum nitrate, ytterbium nitrate, cerous sulfate, ytterbium sulfate are added to into step
(1)In the mixed liquor A of gained, 45 ~ 48 DEG C are warming up to, after being stirred continuously uniformly with 750 ~ 800 revs/min of rotating speed mixed liquor is obtained
B is standby;
(3)Phytic acid and auxiliary agent are added to into step(2)Gained mixed liquid B in, after being down to normal temperature, then with 1100 ~ 1150 turns/
The rotating speed of minute is stirred continuously to uniformly.
3. a kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(4)Described in
Containing the metallic aluminium that mass fraction is 0.05 ~ 0.08% in zinc liquid.
4. a kind of modified zinc-plated handling process of steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step(5)Described in
Using being repeated several times by the way of impact, the repetitive rate of repeat impact is 0.27 ~ 0.33 Hz, and overlapping rate is for laser-impact process
52%。
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CN108179368A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Without the smokeless fluxing agent of zinc ammonium galvanizing by dipping |
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