CN112342479A - Hot galvanizing process for steel of power transmission and transformation iron tower - Google Patents
Hot galvanizing process for steel of power transmission and transformation iron tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN112342479A CN112342479A CN202011030270.9A CN202011030270A CN112342479A CN 112342479 A CN112342479 A CN 112342479A CN 202011030270 A CN202011030270 A CN 202011030270A CN 112342479 A CN112342479 A CN 112342479A
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- steel
- zinc
- zinc liquid
- pickling
- galvanizing process
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 195
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N Inositol-hexakisphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H]1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-GPIVLXJGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NMGYKLMMQCTUGI-UHFFFAOYSA-J diazanium;titanium(4+);hexafluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[Ti+4] NMGYKLMMQCTUGI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
- B24C1/086—Descaling; Removing coating films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
- C23C2/16—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using fluids under pressure, e.g. air knives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hot dip galvanizing process for steel of a power transmission and transformation iron tower, which comprises the steps of screening, chamfering, shot blasting, acid washing, plating aid treatment, drying, hot galvanizing, cooling, passivation and inspection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot galvanizing, and particularly relates to a hot galvanizing process for steel of a power transmission and transformation iron tower.
Background
The steel is a material with certain shape, size and performance, which is made of steel ingot, steel billet or steel material through pressure processing, and is widely applied to various aspects of production and life, but the steel itself is easily oxidized or corroded due to moisture in the air after being exposed in the air for a long time, and the service life is shortened.
Hot galvanizing is a steel surface treatment method which is most widely applied and has optimal cost performance in the world, and practices show that the hot galvanizing process plays an immeasurable and irreplaceable role in corrosion reduction, life extension, energy conservation and material conservation of steel. The hot galvanizing process generally comprises the procedures of pickling, plating assisting, drying, hot galvanizing, cooling, passivating and the like.
The prior hot galvanizing process flow technology has the problems of incomplete metal surface treatment, large galvanizing heat consumption, serious zinc ash and zinc slag, poor galvanizing uniformity and the like. The prior process flow can generate a large amount of waste water and waste gas, which can affect the health of operators in workshops, and the waste water and the waste gas can be discharged after being collected by harmless treatment, thereby increasing the production cost,
disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hot dip galvanizing process for steel of a power transmission and transformation iron tower, which solves the problems provided by the background art.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a hot dip galvanizing process for steel of a power transmission and transformation iron tower, which comprises the following steps:
1) screening: inspecting steel products needing hot galvanizing, screening the steel products capable of being galvanized, and hanging the screened steel products by a hanger according to the aspects of specification, shape, size and the like;
2) chamfering: chamfering the steel screened in the step 1);
3) shot blasting: treating the steel screened in the step 2) by using a shot blasting machine, removing pollutants such as oxide skin and rust on the surface of the steel, and simultaneously enabling the surface roughness of the steel to reach 40-75 mu m;
4) acid washing: a. immersing the steel processed in the step 3) into a pickling solution until the steel is immersed, wherein the immersed steel is horizontally arranged, in the pickling process, one end of the steel is lifted and falls by a hanging strip firstly, the other end of the steel is lifted and falls, each end is lifted at least 3 times, the lifting angle of each time is not more than 15 degrees, the steel is immersed in the pickling solution all the time in the lifting and falling process, the pickling temperature is room temperature, the pickling time is 30-40 min, the content of hydrochloric acid in the pickling solution is 18% -20%, b, the steel qualified in pickling is immersed in a flowing clear water tank, the steel is lifted and falls at least 2 times by the hanging strip until the pickling solution residual on the surface is removed, in the lifting and falling process, the steel is immersed in the clear water all the time, and the pH of the clear water is more than;
5) treating with a plating aid: lifting the steel treated in the step 4) out of a clear water tank, immediately immersing the steel in a plating assistant solution after the surface area drops, wherein the temperature of the steel is 60-65 ℃, the pH value of the steel is 4.5-5.5, and the immersion time is 1-2 min in the plating assistant treatment process;
6) drying: lifting out the steel treated in the step 5) and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 5-10 min;
7) hot galvanizing: before the steel processed in the step 6) is put into the zinc liquid, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the zinc liquid, wherein the iron content in the zinc liquid is less than 0.02%, and the zinc plating temperature is 430-440 ℃; steadily and slowly putting the steel processed in the step 6) into a zinc liquid, immersing the steel in the zinc liquid, driving the steel to be lifted up and down by a lifting belt, keeping the liquid level free of zinc ash and foreign matters when the steel is separated from the zinc liquid after the steel is galvanized, and removing the redundant zinc liquid on the surface of the steel by vibration or a steam knife, wherein the time for immersing the steel into the zinc liquid is less than 15min, and the moving speed of the steel is 1.5 m/min;
8) and (3) cooling: immersing the steel processed in the step 7) in flowing cooling water, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 40-60 ℃;
9) passivation: immersing the steel processed in the step 8) in the passivation solution, moving the steel up and down in the passivation solution once through a hanging strip, and removing the redundant passivation solution on the surface of the steel through vibration or a steam knife after the steel is separated from the passivation solution;
10) and (4) checking: and (3) separating the sling from the steel treated in the step (9), and removing residues and droppings on the surface of the steel, so that the surface of the steel is smooth, free of burrs, droppings, peeling, pitted surfaces, redundant agglomerates and zinc ash and free of defects.
According to a further arrangement of the invention, the steel material to be hot-galvanized in the step 1) is Q235 steel, Q345 steel, Q420 steel or Q460 steel. The variable control before and after hot galvanizing and during hot galvanizing is different according to the types of steel, and the process is suitable for galvanizing of Q235 steel, Q345 steel, Q420 steel and Q460 steel.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the radius of the chamfer in step 2) is 3 mm.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the abrasive used by the shot blasting machine in the step 3) is a mixture of steel shots and steel wires, wherein the steel shots: the steel wire is 3:2, the grain sizes of the steel wire and the steel ball are both 0.9-1.1 mm, and the speed of the shot blasting machine is 2-3 min.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the plating assistant agent in the step 5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 120g/L of zinc chloride, 20g/L of sodium fluosilicate, 10g/L of sodium chloride and 3g/L of surfactant, wherein the surfactant is prepared by compounding fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon surfactant, and the working temperature is 60-80 ℃.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon surfactant to the hydrocarbon surfactant in the surfactant is 1: 20.
As a further arrangement of the invention, in the step 7), the zinc liquid is formed by melting zinc ingots, and the brands of the zinc ingots are Zn99.995 and/or Zn99.99.
According to the further arrangement of the invention, the temperature of the zinc liquid in the step 7) is 435-440 ℃, the zinc dipping time is 4-6 min, and the zinc liquid contains 0.05-0.10% of aluminum and 0.01-0.03% of titanium.
In the step 8), the steel is cooled to 100-150 ℃ in air before being immersed in cooling water.
As a further setting of the invention, the passivation solution in the step 9) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10g/L of ammonium fluotitanate, 16g/L of phytic acid, 30g/L of silica gel, 50g/L of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of deionized water, wherein the ph is 5-6.
The invention is further described below.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a hot galvanizing process for steel of a power transmission and transformation iron tower, which comprises the following steps:
1) screening: the steel products to be hot-galvanized are inspected, the steel products capable of being galvanized are screened out, and the screened steel products are hung by a hanger according to the aspects of specification, shape, size and the like.
2) Chamfering: chamfering the steel screened out in the step 1).
3) Shot blasting: and (3) treating the steel screened in the step 2) by using a shot blasting machine, removing pollutants such as oxide skin and rust on the surface of the steel, and simultaneously enabling the surface roughness of the steel to reach 40-75 mu m.
4) Acid washing:
a. immersing the steel processed in the step 3) into a pickling solution until the steel is immersed, wherein the immersed steel is horizontally arranged, in the pickling process, one end of the steel is lifted and falls by a lifting belt, the other end of the steel is lifted and falls, each end is lifted at least 3 times, the lifting angle is not more than 15 degrees each time, the steel is immersed in the pickling solution all the time in the lifting and falling process, the pickling temperature is room temperature, the pickling time is 30-40 min, the content of hydrochloric acid in the pickling solution is 18-20%,
b. immersing the steel qualified by pickling in a flowing clear water tank, lifting the steel by a hanging strip and dropping for at least 2 times until the residual pickling solution on the surface is removed, wherein the steel is immersed in clear water all the time in the lifting and dropping process, and the pH value of the clear water is more than 6.
5) Treating with a plating aid: lifting the steel treated in the step 4) out of a clean water tank, immediately immersing the steel in a plating assistant solution after the surface area drops, wherein the temperature of the steel is 60-65 ℃, the pH value of the steel is 4.5-5.5, and the immersion time is 1-2 min in the plating assistant treatment process.
6) Drying: and (3) lifting out the steel processed in the step 5) and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 5-10 min.
7) Hot galvanizing: before the steel processed in the step 6) is put into the zinc liquid, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the zinc liquid, wherein the iron content in the zinc liquid is less than 0.02%, and the zinc plating temperature is 430-440 ℃; and (3) steadily and slowly putting the steel processed in the step 6) into a zinc liquid, immersing the steel in the zinc liquid, driving the steel to be lifted up and down by a lifting belt, keeping the liquid level free of zinc ash and foreign matters when the steel is separated from the zinc liquid after the steel is galvanized, and removing the redundant zinc liquid on the surface of the steel by vibration or a steam knife, wherein the time for immersing the steel into the zinc liquid is less than 15min, and the moving speed of the steel is 1.5 m/min.
8) And (3) cooling: immersing the steel processed in the step 7) in flowing cooling water, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 40-60 ℃.
9) Passivation: immersing the steel processed in the step 8) in the passivation solution, moving the steel up and down in the passivation solution once through a hanging strip, and removing the redundant passivation solution on the surface of the steel through vibration or a steam knife after the steel is separated from the passivation solution.
10) And (4) checking: and (3) separating the sling from the steel treated in the step (9), and removing residues and droppings on the surface of the steel, so that the surface of the steel is smooth, free of burrs, droppings, peeling, pitted surfaces, redundant agglomerates and zinc ash and free of defects.
In this embodiment, the steel material that needs to be hot-galvanized in step 1) is Q460 steel, and the steel material type is different, and the variable control before and after hot-galvanizing and during hot-galvanizing is also different, and the process of this embodiment is applicable to the galvanizing of Q460 steel, and the different hoist and hanging modes of the needs of Q460 steel of different specifications, shapes, sizes make things convenient for the steel material to get into subsequent processing, makes the subsequent processing effect better more even.
TABLE 1 lifting appliance and hanging mode for Q460 steel with different specifications, shapes and sizes
| Specification and shape | Length L (Unit: m) | Lifting appliance | Hanging type |
| Plate, short angle steel and small piece | L≤2 | Crossbeam | Vertical hanging |
| Medium and long angle steel | 2≤L≤12 | Basket type lifting appliance | Horizontal hanging |
| Steel pipe and frame | L≤12 | Crossbeam | Hanging with an included angle of 10-30 degrees with the horizontal direction |
| Round steel, flat steel | L≤12 | Special lifting appliance | Horizontal hanging |
In the embodiment, the radius of the chamfer in the step 2) is 3mm, the radius of the chamfer improves the edge adhesive force of a zinc layer of the steel after hot galvanizing, and the risk of cracking of the zinc layer after galvanizing is reduced.
In this embodiment, the abrasive used in the shot blasting machine in step 3) is a mixture of steel shot and steel wire, where the steel shot: the steel wire is 3:2, the grain sizes of the steel wire and the steel ball are 0.9-1.1 mm, the speed of the shot blasting machine is 2-3 min, pollutants on the surface of the steel can be removed through shot blasting treatment, the surface roughness of the steel can be increased, the time of subsequent acid washing and galvanizing can be reduced, the pollutants generated by the subsequent acid washing can be reduced, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement of the steel can be reduced, and the risk of cracking of a zinc layer can be reduced.
In the embodiment, the plating assistant agent in the step 5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the plating assistant comprises 120g/L of zinc chloride, 20g/L of sodium fluosilicate, 10g/L of sodium chloride and 3g/L of surfactant, wherein the surfactant is prepared by compounding a fluorocarbon surfactant and a hydrocarbon surfactant, the working temperature is 60-80 ℃, the traditional plating assistant usually comprises zinc chloride and ammonium chloride, the ammonium chloride can generate a large amount of chlorine and ammonia gas in the plating assistant process, the health of operators is influenced, and a small amount of chlorine and ammonia gas still leaks to pollute the surrounding environment after harmless treatment. When the working temperature is lower than 60 ℃, the activity of the plating assistant agent is insufficient, the protective film on the surface of the steel which is separated from the plating assistant agent groove is incomplete, the plating assistant agent is not easy to dry, and the steel is easy to cause 'zinc explosion' when immersed in a zinc solution; when the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the adhesion amount of the plating assistant solution on the surface of the workpiece is larger, excessive deposition is formed, more water is contained, and the problems of zinc explosion, thickening of a zinc coating on the surface of the workpiece, increase of zinc ash and the like are easily caused during workpiece zinc dipping. In this embodiment, the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon surfactant to the hydrocarbon surfactant in the surfactant is 1:20, and as can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon surfactant to the hydrocarbon surfactant is 1:20, CMC is greatly reduced, so that the plating assistant effect of the plating assistant agent is better, and the subsequent zinc plating effect of the steel material is better.
TABLE 2 presentation of different mass ratios of fluorocarbon surfactant to hydrocarbon surfactant
| M | Critical micelle concentration CMC (% by weight) | Surface tension gamma (mN/m) |
| 1:10 | 2.9*10-3 | 19.9 |
| 1:20 | 1.6*10-3 | 21.5 |
| 1:30 | 1.8*10-3 | 22.3 |
Note: m is the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon surfactant to the hydrocarbon surfactant
In this embodiment, the zinc liquid in step 7) is formed by melting a zinc ingot, the zinc ingot is of a brand of zn99.995, the higher the iron content in the zinc liquid is, the surface tension and viscosity of the zinc liquid are affected, the maximum solubility of iron in pure zinc liquid is 0.02%, when the effective aluminum content is about 0.14% at 450 ℃, the limit value of the solubility of iron is 0.03%, iron which cannot be dissolved in the zinc liquid is combined with zinc to form a Zn-Fe alloy with a higher density, i.e., zinc dross, when the aluminum content is higher, dross of an Fe-Al-Zn ternary alloy phase is also formed, the zinc dross and dross increase the consumption of zinc, and the zinc dross and dross can adhere to the surface of a steel material to affect the quality of a galvanized steel surface, the lower the iron content of the zinc ingot is beneficial to the quality of the galvanized zinc, and the quality of a plated layer after hot galvanizing can be better improved by adopting the zinc ingot of a brand of zn99.995.
In this embodiment, the temperature of the molten zinc in step 7) is 440 ℃, the zinc dipping time is 6min, the molten zinc contains 0.10% of aluminum and 0.03% of titanium, and it can be found from table 3 that when the aluminum content is 0.10% and the titanium content is 0.03%, the surface quality of the plating layer can be improved, the corrosion resistance of the plating layer can be improved, and the zinc plating effect is better.
TABLE 3 influence of the aluminum (A1) and titanium (Ti) contents of the zinc bath on the coating
| Test number | Mass fraction/% of Al | Mass fraction/% of Ti | Coating weight/(g.m)-2) | Coating score |
| 1 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 150 | Good effect |
| 2 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 141 | Good effect |
| 3 | 5.00 | 0.01 | 112 | Difference (D) |
| 4 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 168 | Good taste |
| 5 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 207 | Good effect |
| 6 | 5.00 | 0.03 | 176 | Difference (D) |
| 7 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 144 | Good taste |
| 8 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 139 | Good effect |
| 9 | 5.00 | 0.05 | 167 | Difference (D) |
In the embodiment, in the step 8), the steel is firstly cooled to 100-150 ℃ in the air before being immersed in the cooling water, and when the steel is immersed in the cooling water at a temperature of over 150 ℃, the zinc layer is easy to crack.
In this embodiment, the passivation solution in step 9) includes the following components: 10g/L ammonium fluotitanate, 16g/L phytic acid, 30g/L silica gel, 50g/L polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of deionized water, wherein the ph is 5-6, the traditional passivation solution is usually passivated by chromate, a large amount of chromic acid mist and chromium-containing wastewater can be generated, chromium is heavy metal with high toxicity, the body health of operators is seriously harmed, and meanwhile, the surrounding environment is seriously polluted. The passivation solution used in the invention does not contain chromium, thereby ensuring the passivation effect, ensuring the health of operators and causing less environmental pollution.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in other embodiments according to the disclosure of the present invention, or make simple changes or modifications on the design structure and idea of the present invention, and fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The hot galvanizing process of the steel for the power transmission and transformation iron tower is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) screening: inspecting steel products needing hot galvanizing, screening the steel products capable of being galvanized, and hanging the screened steel products by a hanger according to the aspects of specification, shape, size and the like;
2) chamfering: chamfering the steel screened in the step 1);
3) shot blasting: treating the steel screened in the step 2) by using a shot blasting machine, removing pollutants such as oxide skin and rust on the surface of the steel, and simultaneously enabling the surface roughness of the steel to reach 40-75 mu m;
4) acid washing: a. immersing the steel processed in the step 3) into a pickling solution until the steel is immersed, wherein the immersed steel is horizontally arranged, in the pickling process, one end of the steel is lifted and falls by a hanging strip firstly, the other end of the steel is lifted and falls, each end is lifted at least 3 times, the lifting angle of each time is not more than 15 degrees, the steel is immersed in the pickling solution all the time in the lifting and falling process, the pickling temperature is room temperature, the pickling time is 30-40 min, the content of hydrochloric acid in the pickling solution is 18% -20%, b, the steel qualified in pickling is immersed in a flowing clear water tank, the steel is lifted and falls at least 2 times by the hanging strip until the pickling solution residual on the surface is removed, in the lifting and falling process, the steel is immersed in the clear water all the time, and the pH of the clear water is more than;
5) treating with a plating aid: lifting the steel treated in the step 4) out of a clear water tank, immediately immersing the steel in a plating assistant solution after the surface area drops, wherein the temperature of the steel is 60-65 ℃, the pH value of the steel is 4.5-5.5, and the immersion time is 1-2 min in the plating assistant treatment process;
6) drying: lifting out the steel treated in the step 5) and drying, wherein the drying temperature is 80-120 ℃, and the drying time is 5-10 min;
7) hot galvanizing: before the steel processed in the step 6) is put into the zinc liquid, removing an oxide layer on the surface of the zinc liquid, wherein the iron content in the zinc liquid is less than 0.02%, and the zinc plating temperature is 430-440 ℃; steadily and slowly putting the steel processed in the step 6) into a zinc liquid, immersing the steel in the zinc liquid, driving the steel to be lifted up and down by a lifting belt, keeping the liquid level free of zinc ash and foreign matters when the steel is separated from the zinc liquid after the steel is galvanized, and removing the redundant zinc liquid on the surface of the steel by vibration or a steam knife, wherein the time for immersing the steel into the zinc liquid is less than 15min, and the moving speed of the steel is 1.5 m/min;
8) and (3) cooling: immersing the steel processed in the step 7) in flowing cooling water, wherein the temperature of the cooling water is 40-60 ℃;
9) passivation: immersing the steel processed in the step 8) in the passivation solution, moving the steel up and down in the passivation solution once through a hanging strip, and removing the redundant passivation solution on the surface of the steel through vibration or a steam knife after the steel is separated from the passivation solution;
10) and (4) checking: and (3) separating the sling from the steel treated in the step (9), and removing residues and droppings on the surface of the steel, so that the surface of the steel is smooth, free of burrs, droppings, peeling, pitted surfaces, redundant agglomerates and zinc ash and free of defects.
2. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel material needing hot galvanizing in the step 1) is Q235 steel, Q345 steel, Q420 steel or Q460 steel.
3. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and 2) the radius of the chamfer is 3 mm.
4. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 3, characterized in that: the abrasive used by the shot blasting machine in the step 3) is a mixture of steel shots and steel wires, wherein the steel shots comprise: the steel wire is 3:2, the grain sizes of the steel wire and the steel ball are both 0.9-1.1 mm, and the speed of the shot blasting machine is 2-3 min.
5. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the plating assistant agent in the step 5) comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 120g/L of zinc chloride, 20g/L of sodium fluosilicate, 10g/L of sodium chloride and 3g/L of surfactant, wherein the surfactant is prepared by compounding fluorocarbon surfactant and hydrocarbon surfactant, and the working temperature is 60-80 ℃.
6. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 5, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon surfactant to the hydrocarbon surfactant in the surfactant is 1: 20.
7. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: and step 7), the zinc liquid is formed by melting zinc ingots, and the grades of the zinc ingots are Zn99.995 and/or Zn99.99.
8. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 7, characterized in that: the temperature of the zinc liquid in the step 7) is 435-440 ℃, the zinc dipping time is 4-6 min, and the zinc liquid contains 0.05-0.10% of aluminum and 0.01-0.03% of titanium.
9. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step 8), the steel is firstly cooled to 100-150 ℃ in air before being immersed in cooling water.
10. The hot dip galvanizing process for steel for electric transmission and transformation towers according to claim 9, characterized in that: and step 9) the passivation solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10g/L of ammonium fluotitanate, 16g/L of phytic acid, 30g/L of silica gel, 50g/L of polyvinyl alcohol and the balance of deionized water, wherein the ph is 5-6.
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