CN116287881A - 6061Z aluminum alloy profile and processing technology thereof - Google Patents

6061Z aluminum alloy profile and processing technology thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116287881A
CN116287881A CN202211710783.3A CN202211710783A CN116287881A CN 116287881 A CN116287881 A CN 116287881A CN 202211710783 A CN202211710783 A CN 202211710783A CN 116287881 A CN116287881 A CN 116287881A
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aluminum alloy
cooling
percent
equal
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胡正良
陈亚军
蒋润友
刘汉祥
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Guizhou Zhenghe Kelaijin Technology Co ltd
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Guizhou Zhenghe Kelaijin Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/047Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/05Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

The scheme discloses a 6061Z aluminum alloy section bar in the technical field of aluminum alloy production, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.4 to 0.8, mg:0.4 to 0.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Zn and the balance of Al. The processing method comprises the following steps: s1, proportioning: proportioning according to the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section; s2, preparing aluminum alloy ingots: adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace to be melted into a solution, and casting the solution into an aluminum alloy cast ingot; s3, homogenizing; s4, performing primary cooling treatment; s5, extrusion molding; s6, quenching and cooling; s7, artificial aging. According to the method, the 6061Z aluminum alloy profile with high strength and good corrosion resistance is obtained by optimizing the chemical components and the processing technology of the aluminum alloy profile.

Description

6061Z aluminum alloy profile and processing technology thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy production, and particularly relates to a 6061Z aluminum alloy section and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The 6061 aluminum alloy is a high-quality aluminum alloy product produced by a heat treatment pre-stretching process, has good formability, weldability and machinability, has medium strength, and can maintain good operability after annealing.
In the prior art, the 6061 aluminum alloy comprises the following alloy components in percentage by mass: si:0.4 to 0.8, mg:0.8 to 1.2 percent, fe less than or equal to 0.7 percent, cu:0.15 to 0.40, mn:0.15, cr:0.04 to 0.35 percent, ti:0.15, zn:0.25 percent and the balance of Al. In order to further improve the overall performance or part of the performance of the 6061 aluminum alloy, the components of the aluminum alloy are required to be adjusted or the processing technology is required to be improved, so that the aluminum alloy profile with the required performance is obtained. The patent with publication number of CN113355569A discloses a 6-series aluminum alloy section bar suitable for an aluminum template and a preparation method thereof, and the patent comprises the following steps: by adjusting the alloy components of the aluminum alloy cast ingot and the heat treatment process, the average main cylinder pressure of the extrusion process of the 6-series aluminum alloy section suitable for the aluminum template is effectively reduced, and the finally prepared aluminum template section has more excellent tensile strength and yield strength. In addition, the surface of the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot is subjected to surface brushing or peeling treatment, so that the influence on the strength and corrosion resistance of the profile caused by the fact that impurities in a surface segregation layer are involved in the extrusion process is avoided as much as possible; however, the peeling operation increases the production cost, and the problem of recrystallization occurs because the processing strain becomes the driving force in the extrusion molding stage, and the recrystallization, particularly the coarse recrystallization, can lead to the reduction of the corrosion resistance, so the corrosion resistance of the 6-series aluminum alloy section prepared by the method can be only equal to or even slightly worse than that of the conventional 6061 aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The 6061Z aluminum alloy profile provided by the invention has higher strength and good corrosion resistance.
The 6061Z aluminum alloy section in the scheme comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.4 to 0.8, mg:0.4 to 0.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Zn and the balance of Al.
Further, the 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.5 to 0.7, mg:0.5 to 0.7, 0.1 to 0.5 Fe to 0.05 Cu to 0.01 Mn to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.08 Cr to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.05 Ti to 0.01 Zn to 0.05 and the balance Al.
Further, the 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: si:0.7, mg:0.6, fe:0.3, cu:0.02, mn 0.04, cr:0.02, ti:0.02, zn:0.01 and the balance of Al.
A processing technology of 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: proportioning according to the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section;
s2, preparing aluminum alloy ingots: adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace to be melted into a solution, and casting the solution into an aluminum alloy cast ingot;
s3, homogenizing: placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot into a homogenizing furnace for homogenizing treatment, wherein the homogenizing treatment temperature is 540-560 ℃ and the homogenizing treatment time is 6-12 h;
s4, primary cooling treatment: cooling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to 150-180 ℃ at a cooling speed of 100-120 ℃/hour, and then cooling to normal temperature at a temperature of 20-30 ℃;
s5, extrusion molding: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the primary cooling treatment to 580-600 ℃ at an extrusion speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain an extrusion material;
s6, quenching and cooling: quenching and cooling the extruded material to normal temperature, wherein the cooling speed is 150-160 ℃/s;
s7, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched and cooled extruded profile, wherein the aging temperature is 220-230 ℃, and the aging temperature is kept for 2-3 hours.
Further, in the case of the homogenization treatment, the homogenization treatment temperature was 550℃and the homogenization treatment time was 8 hours.
Further, at the time of the first cooling treatment, the cooling rate was 110℃per hour.
Further, in extrusion molding, the aluminum alloy ingot subjected to the first cooling treatment was heated to 590℃at an extrusion speed of 5m/min to obtain an extruded material.
Further, in quenching cooling, the cooling rate was 155℃per second.
The beneficial effects of this application: according to the method, chemical components of the aluminum alloy section are optimized, the aluminum alloy ingot is homogenized and then is cooled for the first time, and then the extrusion material at high temperature is cooled in a rapid cooling mode, so that the 6061Z aluminum alloy section with high strength and good corrosion resistance is also obtained under the condition that the surface of the aluminum alloy ingot is not brushed or peeled.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of a longitudinal section of a 6061Z aluminum alloy section prepared in example 1 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
example 1: a processing technology of 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: the preparation method comprises the following steps of proportioning according to the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section, wherein the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprise in percentage by mass: si:0.7, mg:0.6, fe:0.3, cu:0.02, mn 0.04, cr:0.02, ti:0.02, zn:0.01, the balance of Al and unavoidable impurities.
S2, preparing aluminum alloy ingots: adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace to be melted into a solution, casting the solution into an aluminum alloy cast ingot, and casting according to the conventional casting mode;
s3, homogenizing: placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot into a homogenizing furnace for homogenizing, wherein the homogenizing temperature is 550 ℃, and the homogenizing time is 8 hours;
s4, primary cooling treatment: immediately cooling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to 160 ℃ at a cooling rate of 110 ℃/hour, and then cooling to normal temperature at 20 ℃, wherein cooling to normal temperature means cooling to cooling temperature, and the normal temperature is 20 ℃ here;
s5, extrusion molding: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the primary cooling treatment to 590 ℃ at an extrusion speed of 5m/min to obtain an extrusion material;
s6, quenching and cooling: quenching and cooling the extruded material to normal temperature, wherein the normal temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the cooling speed is 155 ℃/s;
s7, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched and cooled extruded profile, wherein the aging temperature is 230 ℃, and the aging temperature is kept for 2.5 hours.
Example 2: a processing technology of 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: the preparation method comprises the following steps of proportioning according to the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section, wherein the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section comprise in percentage by mass: si:0.8, mg:0.7, fe:0.5, cu:0.04, mn 0.07, cr:0.05, ti:0.05, zn:0.03, the balance being Al and unavoidable impurities.
S2, preparing aluminum alloy ingots: adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace to be melted into a solution, casting the solution into an aluminum alloy cast ingot, and casting according to the conventional casting mode;
s3, homogenizing: placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot into a homogenizing furnace for homogenizing treatment, wherein the homogenizing treatment temperature is 560 ℃, and the homogenizing treatment time is 6 hours;
s4, primary cooling treatment: immediately cooling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to 180 ℃ at a cooling rate of 100 ℃/hour, and then cooling to normal temperature at a temperature of 30 ℃, wherein cooling to normal temperature means cooling to cooling temperature, and the normal temperature is the cooling temperature of 30 ℃;
s5, extrusion molding: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the primary cooling treatment to 580 ℃ at an extrusion speed of 3m/min to obtain an extrusion material;
s6, quenching and cooling: quenching and cooling the extruded material to normal temperature, wherein the normal temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the cooling speed is 160 ℃/s;
s7, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched and cooled extruded profile, wherein the aging temperature is 220 ℃, and the aging and heat preservation are carried out for 3 hours.
Comparative example 1: the processing technology of 6061Z aluminum alloy profile is only different from that of the embodiment 1 in that:
the first cooling process in step S4 is: immediately cooling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to normal temperature by using a fan.
Comparative example 2: the 6-series aluminum alloy profile is prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1 in the publication number of CN113355569A and the patent name of 6-series aluminum alloy profile suitable for an aluminum template and a preparation method thereof.
A metallographic structure diagram of a longitudinal section of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section prepared in the embodiment 1 is shown in the attached figure 1.
6 aluminum alloy sections prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were each subjected to corrosion resistance test, and the 6061Z aluminum alloy sections for 18 tests were each cut into test pieces having a length of 100 mm, a width of 100 mm and a thickness of 7 mm.
Test conditions:
the test piece is cleaned and degreased, then dehydrated by ethanol, and dried for 24 hours, and then the quality of the test piece is called, and the accuracy is 0.lmg.
The test equipment is a circulating salt spray corrosion test box, and the spraying medium is 5% NaCl solution with pH value of 6.5-7.2.
Placing the sample in a circulating salt spray corrosion test box for an accelerated corrosion test, wherein the test process comprises salt spray (5% NaCl solution, 35 ℃,2 h) - > drying (60 ℃,4 h) - > damp-heat (60 ℃,98% RH,2 h); a total of 8 hours was taken as one cycle, and 120 corrosion test cycles (3 pieces each of the aluminum alloy profiles produced in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1) and 360 corrosion test cycles (3 pieces each of the aluminum alloy profiles produced in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1) were performed, respectively. After the corrosion test is finished, the test piece is taken out, and then corrosion products are removed and mass loss caused by corrosion is calculated, specifically: firstly placing the test piece in a nitric acid solution with the mass fraction of 70%, soaking for 10min, then taking out, repeatedly washing 3-4 times in white water, then washing 2 times with distilled water, dehydrating with ethanol, finally drying with hot air (50 ℃), weighing the test piece after cooling, taking the test piece with the mass of 0.lmg, and then calculating the corrosion weight loss of the test piece by a weight loss method, wherein the specific results are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0004026141810000051
the mechanical properties of 10 aluminum alloy sections prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were measured (tensile strength and yield strength were measured), and the measurement results are shown in the following table:
tensile strength (Mpa) Yield strength (Mpa)
Example 1 305~315 275~285
Example 2 290~310 265~280
Comparative example 1 265~290 240~260
From the experimental results, it can be seen that: the 6061Z aluminum alloy section bars prepared in the application file examples 1-2 have good mechanical property and corrosion resistance.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and specific structures and features that are well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A 6061Z aluminum alloy profile, characterized in that: the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: si:0.4 to 0.8, mg:0.4 to 0.8 percent, less than or equal to 0.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.08 percent of Cr, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Zn and the balance of Al.
2. A 6061Z aluminum alloy profile as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: si:0.5 to 0.7, mg:0.5 to 0.7, 0.1 to 0.5 Fe to 0.05 Cu to 0.01 Mn to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.08 Cr to 0.08, 0.01 to 0.05 Ti to 0.01 Zn to 0.05 and the balance Al.
3. A 6061Z aluminum alloy profile as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the chemical components comprise the following components in percentage by mass: si:0.7, mg:0.6, fe:0.3, cu:0.02, mn 0.04, cr:0.02, ti:0.02, zn:0.01 and the balance of Al.
4. A process for manufacturing 6061Z aluminum alloy profile according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: proportioning according to the chemical components of the 6061Z aluminum alloy section;
s2, preparing aluminum alloy ingots: adding the prepared aluminum alloy raw materials into a smelting furnace to be melted into a solution, and casting the solution into an aluminum alloy cast ingot;
s3, homogenizing: placing the aluminum alloy cast ingot into a homogenizing furnace for homogenizing treatment, wherein the homogenizing treatment temperature is 540-560 ℃ and the homogenizing treatment time is 6-12 h;
s4, primary cooling treatment: cooling the homogenized aluminum alloy cast ingot to 150-180 ℃ at a cooling speed of 100-120 ℃/hour, and then cooling to normal temperature at a temperature of 20-30 ℃;
s5, extrusion molding: heating the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to the primary cooling treatment to 580-600 ℃ at an extrusion speed of 3-5 m/min to obtain an extrusion material;
s6, quenching and cooling: quenching and cooling the extruded material to normal temperature, wherein the cooling speed is 150-160 ℃/s;
s7, artificial aging: and (3) artificially aging the quenched and cooled extruded profile, wherein the aging temperature is 220-230 ℃, and the aging temperature is kept for 2-3 hours.
5. The process for processing 6061Z aluminum alloy profile according to claim 4, wherein: in the homogenization treatment, the homogenization treatment temperature is 550 ℃, and the homogenization treatment time is 8 hours.
6. The process for processing 6061Z aluminum alloy profile according to claim 5, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the cooling speed is 110 ℃/h during the first cooling treatment.
7. The process for processing 6061Z aluminum alloy profile according to claim 6, wherein: in extrusion molding, the aluminum alloy cast ingot subjected to primary cooling treatment is heated to 590 ℃ at an extrusion speed of 5m/min, so as to obtain an extrusion material.
8. The process for processing 6061Z aluminum alloy profile according to claim 7, wherein: and the cooling speed is 155 ℃/s during quenching and cooling.
CN202211710783.3A 2022-12-29 2022-12-29 6061Z aluminum alloy profile and processing technology thereof Pending CN116287881A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001011559A (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-16 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd High strength aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in corrosion resistance and its production
CN103361523A (en) * 2013-07-25 2013-10-23 广东伟业铝厂有限公司 Aluminium alloy section bar for structural engineering, and preparation method thereof
CN111014338A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-17 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 6063 aluminum alloy section extrusion crystal grain control process
CN111334690A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-26 福建省闽发铝业股份有限公司 New energy automobile battery tray high-strength aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof
CN115323227A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-11 广东伟业铝厂集团有限公司 Aluminum alloy photovoltaic module frame and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001011559A (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-16 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd High strength aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in corrosion resistance and its production
CN103361523A (en) * 2013-07-25 2013-10-23 广东伟业铝厂有限公司 Aluminium alloy section bar for structural engineering, and preparation method thereof
CN111014338A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-04-17 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 6063 aluminum alloy section extrusion crystal grain control process
CN111334690A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-26 福建省闽发铝业股份有限公司 New energy automobile battery tray high-strength aluminum alloy section and preparation method thereof
CN115323227A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-11 广东伟业铝厂集团有限公司 Aluminum alloy photovoltaic module frame and preparation method thereof

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