CN116286042A - Co-pyrolysis process based on plastics and biomass - Google Patents
Co-pyrolysis process based on plastics and biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN116286042A CN116286042A CN202310054144.4A CN202310054144A CN116286042A CN 116286042 A CN116286042 A CN 116286042A CN 202310054144 A CN202310054144 A CN 202310054144A CN 116286042 A CN116286042 A CN 116286042A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010812 mixed waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis process, which belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis and comprises the following steps of: s1, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on a plastic raw material; s2, crushing the plastic raw material obtained in the S1 and the biomass raw material together to obtain raw material particles; s3, drying the raw material particles obtained in the step S2; s4, delivering the dried raw material particles to a co-pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis reaction to obtain a co-pyrolysis product, wherein the co-pyrolysis product comprises pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil; s5, collecting pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil in the step S4; the invention can improve the co-pyrolysis efficiency and increase the yields of heating and pyrolysis gas and biochar; the phenomenon that the pyrolysis product blocks the pipeline in the collecting process can be effectively avoided, and continuous operation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis process, and belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis.
Background
Co-pyrolysis of plastics (including common plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, etc.) with biomass (including mainly solid biomass such as crop straw, forestry residues, etc.) can improve product quality, and plastics contain a higher hydrogen to carbon ratio (H/C) and a relatively lower oxygen to carbon ratio (O/C), which can support the inherent high O/C and low H/C of solid biomass, thereby improving product quality and uniformity while minimizing coke deposition that occurs when pyrolysis of pure plastic waste. Co-pyrolysis improves the performance of oils by minimizing the need for waste separation, and pyrolysis of plastics with great potential for mixed waste can provide pyrolysis oils and syngas with higher hydrogen content and heating value, while reducing oxygen content. However, these processes are prone to scalability problems, i.e. clogging of the lines due to the high viscosity of the melted or softened plastic, and furthermore have problems with fluidization inhibition. During the experiment, coking phenomena in the reactor also occurred, which resulted in downstream plugging and reduced product yield and quality, and increased experimental operation difficulty.
The patent number CN 113122296A proposes a biomass and agricultural film co-pyrolysis method based on a double-cylinder structure, and the method can effectively solve the problem of cracking of a plastic melting layer wrapped on the surface of biomass in co-pyrolysis, can promote raw material propulsion and local stirring, improves the yield and quality of a co-pyrolysis product, and has higher industrial application value as a whole. Although the patent can reduce the adhesion problem of biomass and a plastic melting layer, the problem that a pipeline is blocked due to the high viscosity of melted or softened plastic is not solved, a discharge hole is narrow, the situation that the adhesion of the discharge pipeline still occurs easily when separated discharging is realized, the design structure of a pyrolysis furnace is complex, and the manufacturing cost is high.
The patent number CN215929558U proposes a pyrolysis device for industrial solid waste with anti-blocking function, which structurally comprises a placing box, a feeding pipe, a material guiding plate and a pretreatment piece. This patent pretreatment piece drives the straight-bar through the transmission and rotates on the crossbearer to make the pointed cone of top and waste material contact, get away the waste material dispersion, make waste material orderly get into can not produce the phenomenon of piling up the jam, although separate fertilizer before the pyrolysis can not block up the pipeline, but the pyrolysis oil that the pyrolysis back produced still can be collected through the pipeline, this aspect this patent does not design special processing system, consequently is difficult to avoid pyrolysis reaction product to block up the problem of pipeline, and equipment life is shorter.
In summary, the existing plastic and biomass internal heating pyrolysis process and equipment have the problems of adhesion and coking of pyrolysis products and low char and gas yield under the continuous operation condition, and although the high temperature can fully burn tar, the tar cannot be completely avoided, and in most cases, the problem of pipeline blockage still occurs during continuous operation due to the coking after the plastic and biomass are co-pyrolyzed, so that continuous operation cannot be ensured.
In summary, it is clear that the prior art has inconvenience and defects in practical use, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis process aiming at the defects, which can realize the following purposes:
1. the co-pyrolysis efficiency can be improved, and the yields of heating and pyrolysis gas and biochar are increased;
2. the phenomenon that the pyrolysis product blocks the pipeline in the collecting process can be effectively avoided, and continuous operation is ensured.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process comprising the steps of:
s1, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on a plastic raw material;
s2, crushing the plastic raw material obtained in the S1 and the biomass raw material together to obtain raw material particles;
s3, drying the raw material particles obtained in the step S2;
s4, delivering the dried raw material particles to a co-pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis reaction to obtain a co-pyrolysis product, wherein the co-pyrolysis product comprises pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil;
s5, collecting pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil in the step S4.
Further, in S1, an ultraviolet irradiation box is adopted to irradiate the plastic raw material, an ultraviolet irradiation lamp tube is arranged in the ultraviolet irradiation box, the ultraviolet center wavelength of the ultraviolet irradiation lamp tube is 254nm, and the power is 20W;
the ultraviolet irradiation time was 24 hours.
Further, in S2, crushing the raw materials by adopting a hammer crusher;
the diameter of the crushed raw material particles is 5-10 mm, and the length is less than 20mm.
Further, in S3, the raw material particles are dried by adopting a vacuum drying box;
the drying temperature is RT+10-200 ℃, the vacuum degree is 133Pa, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃.
Further, in S5, a part of pyrolysis gas is collected after condensation treatment, and a part of pyrolysis gas is sent into a pyrolysis furnace to participate in the co-pyrolysis reaction again;
the biochar and the pyrolysis oil mixed in the biochar directly enter a co-pyrolysis product collecting bin for collecting.
Further, the co-pyrolysis product collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the co-pyrolysis furnace, the co-pyrolysis furnace is connected with the inner cavity of the co-pyrolysis product collection bin, and an openable discharging door is arranged between the inner cavities of the co-pyrolysis furnace and the co-pyrolysis product collection bin.
Further, the discharging door comprises two openable door plates, and the two door plates can rotate in opposite directions or back to back;
two automatic scrapers are arranged in the co-pyrolysis furnace, and the two automatic scrapers correspond to the two door plates one by one.
Further, a compactor capable of moving up and down is arranged in the co-pyrolysis furnace;
the compactor comprises a pressing rod which can penetrate through the top wall of the co-pyrolysis furnace in a sliding mode, and a pressing plate for compacting raw materials is fixedly arranged at the lower portion of the pressing rod.
Further, the automatic scraper comprises a scraper, the scraper is matched with the length of the door plate, and the scraper is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism;
the upper end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism is arranged on the co-pyrolysis furnace body, the scissor type telescopic mechanism stretches along the inclined direction, and the inclined angle of the scissor type telescopic mechanism is the same as the inclined angle of the door plate after being opened.
Further, the side part of the door plate is fixed on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the co-pyrolysis furnace body; one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the co-pyrolysis furnace body and is connected with the motor in a transmission way.
After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, ultraviolet irradiation is carried out on the plastic raw material, the plastic raw material after the ultraviolet irradiation and the biomass raw material are crushed together, then raw material pretreatment operations such as drying and the like are carried out, and the pretreated raw material is subjected to the co-pyrolysis reaction, so that the co-pyrolysis efficiency can be improved, and the output of biochar, pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis gas can be improved.
2. According to the invention, the biochar and the pyrolysis oil mixed in the biochar are directly sent into the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin for collection, so that the phenomenon that the pyrolysis product blocks a pipeline in the collecting process can be effectively avoided, and continuous operation is ensured.
3. According to the invention, the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin is directly communicated with the bottom of the co-pyrolysis furnace, the inner cavities of the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin and the co-pyrolysis furnace are connected, and the discharging door capable of automatically opening and closing is arranged between the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin and the discharging door, so that the co-pyrolysis product can directly enter the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin, and the problem that the co-pyrolysis product blocks the pipeline in the prior art is solved, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged by 30%; and an automatic scraper is arranged and drives a scraper to move through a scissor type telescopic mechanism, so that residual co-pyrolysis products on the discharging door plate are cleaned.
4. The method comprises a raw material pretreatment step, a co-pyrolysis step and a product collection step, is suitable for co-pyrolysis raw materials in various proportions, can reduce manpower and material resources for screening and picking, and can improve the treatment efficiency of waste plastics and biomass.
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a co-pyrolysis furnace;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a co-pyrolysis furnace;
fig. 4 is another cross-sectional view of the co-pyrolysis furnace.
In the drawing the view of the figure,
the device comprises a plastic feeding hopper, a 2-supporting frame, a 3-ultraviolet irradiation box, a 4-biomass feeding hopper, a 5-raw material conveying belt, a 6-smashing device, a 7-drying device, an 8-screw conveyor, a 9-co-pyrolysis furnace, a 91-feeding port, a 92-discharging door, a 921-door plate, a 922-rotating shaft, a 93-air outlet, a 94-air outlet pipeline, a 95-air return pipeline, a 96-air return valve, a 97-air inlet, a 98-compactor, a 981-compression bar, a 982-compression plate, a 99-automatic scraper, a 991-scraper, a 992-scissor type telescopic mechanism, a 910-mounting hole, a 911-igniter mounting hole, a 10-co-pyrolysis product collecting bin, a 101-bin gate, a 11-first condenser, a 12-first condensation product collecting tank, a 13-second condenser, a 14-second condensation product collecting tank and a 15-gas collecting tank.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1-4 together, the invention provides a plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis process, which adopts plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis equipment, wherein the co-pyrolysis equipment comprises a co-pyrolysis furnace 9, the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 is of a square cylinder structure, a feed inlet 91 is arranged on the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, the feed inlet of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 is connected with a raw material pretreatment system through a screw conveyor 8, and the raw material pretreatment system pretreats raw materials of plastic and biomass for pyrolysis.
The bottom of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 is provided with a co-pyrolysis product collection bin 10, the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 is connected with the inner cavity of the co-pyrolysis product collection bin 10, and an openable and closable discharging door 92 is arranged between the inner cavities of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 and the co-pyrolysis product collection bin 10; when the raw materials in the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 are subjected to co-pyrolysis, the discharging door 92 is in a closed state; after the co-pyrolysis is finished, the discharging door 92 is opened, the solid co-pyrolysis products in the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 automatically fall into the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin 10,
an air outlet 93 is formed in the top of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, the tail end of the air outlet pipeline 94 is sequentially connected with the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 13, and pyrolysis gas sequentially enters the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 13 through the air outlet 93 to be condensed; the gas outlet of the second condenser 13 is connected to a gas collection tank 15 through a pipe for collecting the gas product remaining after condensation.
Further, condensate outlets of the first condenser 11 and the second condenser 13 are respectively connected with a first condensate collecting tank 12 and a second condensate collecting tank 14 for collecting condensate.
An air inlet 97 is formed in the side wall of the upper part of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9; the air outlet 93 is connected with an air outlet pipeline 94, an air return pipeline 95 is connected to the air outlet pipeline 94, the air return pipeline 95 is connected with an air inlet 97, and an air return valve 96 is arranged on the air return pipeline 95. The return valve 96 is opened, and a part of the co-pyrolysis gas is returned to the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 through the return air duct 95 and the inlet 97.
The pretreatment system comprises an ultraviolet irradiation box 3, a crushing device 6 and a drying device 7 which are sequentially connected through a material conveying belt 5, wherein the material conveying belt 5 is arranged on a support frame 2, the ultraviolet irradiation box 3 is covered above the material conveying belt 5, an ultraviolet irradiation lamp is arranged in the ultraviolet irradiation box 3, and ultraviolet irradiation is carried out on plastic raw materials on the material conveying belt 5; the ultraviolet irradiation box 3 is equipped with plastics feeder hopper 1 near the one side of raw materials conveyer belt 5 feed end, and plastics raw materials send into on the raw materials conveyer belt 5 that ultraviolet irradiation box 3 cover was established through plastics feeder hopper 1.
The ultraviolet irradiation box 3 is equipped with the opening far away from the one end of plastics feeder hopper 4, supplies raw materials conveyer belt 5 and the raw materials on it to pass through, and the position that is close to the ultraviolet irradiation box 3 open-ended on the raw materials conveyer belt 5 is equipped with living beings feeder hopper 4, living beings feeder hopper 4 cover is established in raw materials conveyer belt 5 top, and living beings raw materials enter into on the raw materials conveyer belt 5 through living beings feeder hopper 4, mix together with the plastics raw materials after the ultraviolet irradiation box 3 cover is established.
The smashing device 6 is arranged at the rear of the biomass feed hopper 4, the smashing device 6 is a hammer type smashing machine, and during operation of the hammer type smashing machine, materials in a smashing chamber are hit through a hammer piece rotating at a high speed, and the materials are smashed through the combined action of parts such as toothed plates and the like in the smashing chamber.
The discharge gate of reducing mechanism 6 passes through raw materials conveyer belt 5 and is connected with drying device 7's feed inlet, drying device 7 is the vacuum drying cabinet, and screw conveyer 8 is connected to drying device 7's discharge gate.
The inside of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 is provided with a compactor 98 which can move up and down, and raw materials entering the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 are compacted through the compactor 98. The compactor 98 comprises a pressing rod 981 which can penetrate through the top wall of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 in a sliding mode, a pressing plate 982 used for compacting raw materials is fixedly arranged at the lower portion of the pressing rod 981, the upper portion of the pressing rod 981 is connected with a driving motor through a transmission structure, and the transmission structure can convert rotary motion of the driving motor into up-down linear motion of the pressing rod 981 through a gear rack structure and the like.
The discharging door 92 includes two door plates 921 that can be opened and closed relatively, the two door plates 921 can be turned toward each other or away from each other, so as to be opened or closed,
the door plant 921 lateral part is fixed on pivot 922, pivot 921 rotates to set up on the 9 furnace bodies of pyrolysis furnace altogether, the one end of pivot 921 stretches out the 9 furnace bodies of pyrolysis furnace altogether to be connected with motor drive.
After the discharging door 92 is opened, most of the co-pyrolysis products directly fall into the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin 10, but part of the co-pyrolysis products adhere to the discharging door 92, and in order to clean the heat-pyrolysis products adhered to the discharging door 92, two automatic scrapers 99 are arranged in the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, and the two automatic scrapers 99 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two door plates 921; the automatic scraper 99 comprises a scraper 991, the scraper 991 is matched with the length of the door plate 921, the scraper 991 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism 992, the upper end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism 992 is arranged on the furnace body of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, the scissor type telescopic mechanism 992 stretches out and draws back along the inclined direction, and the inclined angle of the scissor type telescopic mechanism 992 is the same as the inclined angle of the door plate 921 after being opened.
It should be noted that, the specific structure of the scissor fork type telescopic mechanism 992 is the prior art, and will not be described here again.
Further, a bin gate 101 is arranged at the side part of the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin 10, and the bin gate 101 can be opened and closed, so that the collection of biochar is facilitated, and the smoothness from the co-pyrolysis furnace 9 to the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin 10 is ensured.
Further, a mounting hole 910 is formed in the furnace body of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, and a temperature sensor is installed in the mounting hole 910 and used for detecting the temperature in the co-pyrolysis furnace 9; preferably, two mounting holes 910 are provided, and two mounting holes 910 are provided on opposite side walls of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, respectively.
Further, an igniter mounting hole 911 is formed in the side wall of the bottom of the co-pyrolysis furnace 9, and an igniter is mounted in the igniter mounting hole 911 and used for igniting raw materials in the co-pyrolysis furnace 9.
A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process comprising the steps of:
step one, raw material pretreatment;
the raw material pretreatment comprises ultraviolet irradiation of plastic raw materials, crushing of plastic and biomass raw materials and drying of the raw materials.
Ultraviolet irradiation of plastic raw materials: adopting an ultraviolet irradiation box to enable plastics to fall onto a raw material conveying belt in the ultraviolet irradiation box through a plastic feeding hopper; and (3) in the ultraviolet irradiation box, ultraviolet irradiation is carried out on the plastic raw material.
The ultraviolet irradiation center wavelength of the ultraviolet irradiation lamp tube is 254nm, the power is 20W, and the irradiation time is 24 hours.
Crushing plastic and biomass raw materials: and conveying the plastic subjected to ultraviolet irradiation out of an ultraviolet irradiation box through a raw material conveying belt, and conveying the plastic and biomass raw materials conveyed from a biomass feed hopper into a crushing device together for crushing to obtain raw material particles.
The diameter of the crushed raw material particles is 5-10 mm, and the length is less than 20mm.
Drying raw materials: the crushed raw material particles are dried by a driving belt drying device, a vacuum drying box is adopted for drying, the drying temperature is RT+10-200 ℃, the vacuum degree is 133Pa, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃. The countercurrent drying process is adopted, the countercurrent drying process is assisted by adopting the forward countercurrent reverse mixed flow drying process, the drying medium and the mixed raw materials move reversely in the countercurrent drying process, the mixed raw materials continuously flow downwards under the action of self gravity, the hot air medium is forced to upwards pass through the mixed raw materials under the drive of wind pressure, the moisture in the mixed raw materials is taken away, the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, and the quality after drying is improved.
Step two, the raw materials are subjected to co-pyrolysis
The dried materials are sent into a co-pyrolysis furnace through a screw conveyor, compacted by a compactor, the materials in the co-pyrolysis furnace begin to burn through ignition of an igniter, and after the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the co-pyrolysis furnace rises to the reaction temperature, the materials enter a stable combustion stage, and the materials begin to carry out the co-pyrolysis reaction, so that the co-pyrolysis products are obtained.
The co-pyrolysis products include pyrolysis gas, biochar, and pyrolysis oil.
Step three, collecting the co-pyrolysis product
After the pyrolysis gas is discharged through the gas outlet, a part of pyrolysis gas is sequentially sent into the first condenser and the second condenser through the gas outlet pipeline to be subjected to primary condensation and secondary condensation, the condensed liquid products are respectively collected through the first condensation product collecting tank and the second condensation product collecting tank, and the condensed gas enters the gas collecting tank through the pipeline to be collected. And the other part of pyrolysis gas flows back into the co-pyrolysis furnace through the gas return pipeline and the gas inlet and participates in the pyrolysis reaction again, so that the purpose of recycling the pyrolysis gas is achieved.
After the co-pyrolysis reaction is finished, the discharging door is opened downwards, the scissor-type telescopic mechanism drives the scraper to move downwards, and under the pushing of the scraper and the gravity action of the co-pyrolysis product, the biochar and pyrolysis oil mixed on the biochar fall into the co-pyrolysis product collecting bin and are collected. Meanwhile, the residues of the co-pyrolysis products adhered on the door plate are cleaned by a scraper.
The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of carrying out the invention, and is not presented in any detail as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The protection scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical teaching of the invention is also within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process, comprising the steps of:
s1, carrying out ultraviolet irradiation on a plastic raw material;
s2, crushing the plastic raw material obtained in the S1 and the biomass raw material together to obtain raw material particles;
s3, drying the raw material particles obtained in the step S2;
s4, delivering the dried raw material particles to a co-pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis reaction to obtain a co-pyrolysis product, wherein the co-pyrolysis product comprises pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil;
s5, collecting pyrolysis gas, biochar and pyrolysis oil in the step S4.
2. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
in S1, an ultraviolet irradiation box is adopted to irradiate the plastic raw material, an ultraviolet irradiation lamp tube is arranged in the ultraviolet irradiation box, the ultraviolet center wavelength of the ultraviolet irradiation lamp tube is 254nm, and the power is 20W;
the ultraviolet irradiation time was 24 hours.
3. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
s2, crushing the raw materials by adopting a hammer crusher;
the diameter of the crushed raw material particles is 5-10 mm, and the length is less than 20mm.
4. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
s3, drying the raw material particles by adopting a vacuum drying box;
the drying temperature is RT+10-200 ℃, the vacuum degree is 133Pa, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃.
5. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process as claimed in claim 1 wherein,
s5, collecting a part of pyrolysis gas after condensation treatment, and sending a part of pyrolysis gas into a pyrolysis furnace to participate in the co-pyrolysis reaction again;
the biochar and the pyrolysis oil mixed in the biochar directly enter a co-pyrolysis product collecting bin for collecting.
6. The plastic and biomass-based co-pyrolysis process according to claim 1, wherein the co-pyrolysis product collection bin is arranged at the bottom of the co-pyrolysis furnace, the co-pyrolysis furnace is connected with the inner cavity of the co-pyrolysis product collection bin, and an openable and closable discharging door is arranged between the inner cavities of the co-pyrolysis furnace and the co-pyrolysis product collection bin.
7. The plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process of claim 6 wherein the outfeed gate comprises two openable and closable gate panels that are rotatable in opposite directions or in opposite directions;
two automatic scrapers are arranged in the co-pyrolysis furnace, and the two automatic scrapers correspond to the two door plates one by one.
8. A plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process according to claim 6 wherein a compactor is provided within the co-pyrolysis furnace that is movable up and down;
the compactor comprises a pressing rod which can penetrate through the top wall of the co-pyrolysis furnace in a sliding mode, and a pressing plate for compacting raw materials is fixedly arranged at the lower portion of the pressing rod.
9. The plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process according to claim 7, wherein the automatic scraper comprises a scraper, the scraper is matched with the length of the door plate, and the scraper is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism;
the upper end of the scissor type telescopic mechanism is arranged on the co-pyrolysis furnace body, the scissor type telescopic mechanism stretches along the inclined direction, and the inclined angle of the scissor type telescopic mechanism is the same as the inclined angle of the door plate after being opened.
10. The plastic and biomass based co-pyrolysis process of claim 7, wherein the door panel side is fixed on a rotating shaft which is rotatably arranged on a co-pyrolysis furnace body; one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the co-pyrolysis furnace body and is connected with the motor in a transmission way.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310054144.4A CN116286042A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Co-pyrolysis process based on plastics and biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310054144.4A CN116286042A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Co-pyrolysis process based on plastics and biomass |
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| CN116286042A true CN116286042A (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| CN202310054144.4A Pending CN116286042A (en) | 2023-02-03 | 2023-02-03 | Co-pyrolysis process based on plastics and biomass |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116286042A (en) |
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