CN116279334A

CN116279334A - Multifunctional electronic hand brake device

Info

Publication number: CN116279334A
Application number: CN202310380474.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 颜昌景; 颜卿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-04-11
Filing date: 2023-04-11
Publication date: 2023-06-23

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional electronic hand brake device which comprises a shell, a push-pull electromagnet, an electronic hand brake button switch, a push rod and a piston, wherein the shell is provided with a containing cavity, a supporting partition plate is arranged in the shell, the shell is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity through the supporting partition plate, the push-pull electromagnet is arranged in the upper cavity, the piston is arranged in the lower cavity through the push rod, the lower cavity is divided into two cavities through the piston, the two cavities are respectively an oil inlet cavity and an oil outlet cavity, the upper end of the push rod passes through the supporting partition plate to be in contact connection with the push-pull electromagnet, an oil inlet interface and an oil outlet interface which are communicated with the oil inlet cavity and the oil outlet cavity are respectively arranged on the shell, and the electronic hand brake button switch penetrates the shell through a wire to be connected with the push-pull electromagnet. The hand brake device provided by the invention can effectively reduce potential safety hazards and improve the safety performance by being matched with the existing brake system, is more convenient to operate, has strong applicability and is suitable for popularization and use.

Description

Multifunctional electronic hand brake device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile brakes, in particular to a multifunctional electronic hand brake device.

Background

Automobiles are the most commonly used transportation means in people's life, provide convenience for people's life, and along with the development of automobile industry, consumers ' requirements for safety performance of vehicles are also higher and higher. Brake is a very important braking system for automobiles and plays an important role in driving safety. At present, a brake system of a vehicle generally comprises a foot brake and a hand brake, wherein the foot brake is used for realizing deceleration and parking in the driving process, and the hand brake is manually pulled to realize the braking of the vehicle when the vehicle is in a red light or after the vehicle is flameout.

The brake system generally consists of an actuating system, a hydraulic system, a power assisting system and an executing system of an electronic control system, and the basic principle is that a driver steps on a brake pedal, pressure is applied to brake oil in a brake master cylinder, the pressure is transmitted to a piston of each wheel brake caliper through an oil way system by liquid, and the brake oil in the oil way system drives the brake caliper to clamp a brake disc, so that huge friction force is generated, a vehicle is decelerated, the purpose of braking is achieved, and conversely, the brake caliper is released and is far away from the brake disc, and the purpose of normal running is achieved by releasing the brake disc through the brake caliper.

In the prior art, the automobile, whether it is a mechanical brake operated by hands or feet or an electronic brake, mainly uses the friction generated by a brake disc between a brake caliper and a wheel drum or a disc, and relates to a hydraulic system. In the existing hydraulic system, the oil pressure pipeline at the front end of the brake cylinder is fixed on the vehicle body, and the oil pressure pipeline between the rear end of the brake cylinder and the brake caliper is generally connected by adopting a hose. If oil leakage occurs in a pipeline in the oil circuit system, power can not be provided for the brake cylinder, so that the brake caliper can not realize braking, and therefore, a vehicle can not be stopped through the brake system, and the brake is out of order, particularly in an emergency. If the oil leakage amount in the brake oil pressure pipeline is relatively large, the brake can not be timely carried out, and the serious potential safety hazard exists, so that traffic accidents are easy to occur, unsafe factors in the driving process are increased, and unnecessary troubles are caused to a driver.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the background art, and provides a hand brake device with a simple structure, and by utilizing the hand brake device to be matched with the existing brake system, the potential safety hazard can be reduced, the safety performance of the hand brake device can be improved, the operation of the hand brake device is more convenient, and in particular the multifunctional electronic hand brake device.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a multi-functional electronic hand brake device, includes casing, push-pull type electro-magnet, electronic hand brake button switch, ejector pin and piston, the casing has the holding cavity be equipped with the support baffle in the casing, the casing separates into cavity and lower cavity through the support baffle, push-pull type electro-magnet sets up in last cavity, and the piston passes through the ejector pin to be set up in lower cavity, the cavity separates into two cavities through the piston down, is oil feed cavity and play oil cavity respectively, the upper end of ejector pin passes the support baffle and contacts with push-pull type electro-magnet and be connected, and be equipped with respectively on the casing with oil feed cavity and go out the communicating oil inlet interface of oil cavity and play oil interface, electronic hand brake button switch pierces through the casing through the wire and is connected with push-pull type electro-magnet.

Further, the multifunctional electronic hand brake device disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the oil inlet port is arranged on the shell close to one side of the supporting partition plate, the oil outlet port is arranged at the bottom of the shell, and the shell is connected in series in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline between a brake caliper and a brake cylinder matched with the automobile brake disc through the oil inlet port and the oil outlet port; the push-pull electromagnet penetrates through the shell through a wire and is connected with an existing controller of the automobile, the controller is connected with an electronic hand brake button switch and used for feeding back a button operation signal to the controller, and the push-pull electromagnet is controlled to be in an electrified or powered-off state through the electronic hand brake button switch.

Further, the push-pull electromagnet is a push electromagnet and comprises a shell, a coil, an electromagnet, a movable slide bar, a push rod and a powerful spring, wherein the coil, the electromagnet and the movable slide bar are all arranged in the shell, the powerful spring is sleeved on the push rod, the front end of the powerful spring is fixedly connected with the front end of the push rod, and the rear end of the powerful spring is fixedly connected with the movable slide bar positioned in the shell; the push rod is coaxially arranged with the ejector rod extending into the upper cavity, and the push-pull electromagnet is in contact connection with the ejector rod through the push rod.

Further, the side wall of the shell is also provided with exhaust holes communicated with the oil inlet cavity and the oil outlet cavity, exhaust valves are respectively arranged at the exhaust holes and are connected with the existing controller of the automobile through wires, and under the action of the controller, the oil inlet cavity and the oil outlet cavity can form an open type or a closed type cavity through the exhaust valves.

Further, the multifunctional electronic hand brake device further comprises a pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline of the automobile and used for detecting the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline and feeding back detection information to an existing controller of the automobile.

Further, according to the multifunctional electronic hand brake device disclosed by the invention, the controller controls the push-pull electromagnet to be in an electrified state through the electronic hand brake button switch when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in a normal state according to the detection information fed back by the pressure sensor, and the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet is electrified to generate magnetism, so that the push rod is pulled to move backwards, and the powerful spring is in a compressed state; when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state, the push-pull electromagnet is controlled to be in a power-off state through the electronic hand brake button switch, the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet is powered off and loses magnetism, the powerful spring in a compressed state pushes the push rod to move forward to an original free state position under the action of the elastic force, and in the forward moving process of the push rod, the push rod and the piston are pushed to move towards the oil outlet cavity.

Further, the multifunctional electronic hand brake device also comprises an alarm and an alarm switch, wherein the alarm is arranged in an automobile cab and is connected with an existing controller of the automobile through the alarm switch, and the controller starts the alarm to provide an alarm signal through the alarm switch according to detection information fed back by a pressure sensor when the pressure in a brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state.

The push-pull electromagnet is a common power device, and the working principle is to apply the leakage magnetic flux principle of a spiral pipe, and to realize the linear reciprocating motion of a traction rod by utilizing the long-distance attraction of a movable sliding rod and a static iron core of the electromagnet. The electromagnet is used for generating magnetism through current, the magnitude of magnetism is controlled by utilizing different magnetic rings and a power supply, so that a pushing and pulling action is formed, the electromagnet operates in a whole body like a piston, and the structure of the electromagnet is changed rapidly through a spring.

The push-pull electromagnet comprises a shell, a coil, an electromagnet, a movable sliding rod, a push rod and a powerful spring, wherein the coil, the electromagnet and the movable sliding rod are arranged in the shell, and the powerful spring is sleeved on the push rod. The push type electromagnet can be purchased in the existing market, belongs to common power equipment in the prior art, is applied to the application, and aims to provide power for the piston through the ejector rod, and does not relate to the change of the structure of the push type electromagnet, so that the push type electromagnet is not described in detail and only meets the use requirement.

By adopting the multifunctional electronic hand brake device, under the condition that all the configurations of the existing vehicle are unchanged, the hand brake device disclosed by the invention is additionally arranged in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline to be matched with an existing brake system for use, so that the brake of an automobile brake disc can be realized while an automobile power supply is normally closed, the situation that the automobile slips due to forgetting to pull the hand brake when parking is avoided, the occurrence of traffic accidents is avoided, and the safety of parking is ensured; meanwhile, when oil leakage occurs in the brake oil pressure pipeline, the problem of braking failure caused by no pressure of the brake oil pressure pipeline can be avoided, and the push-pull electromagnet provides power for the piston, so that an automatic braking function can be realized; in addition, when the existing braking system of the automobile fails, the piston is provided with power through the push-pull electromagnet when the power supply is turned off, so that the automobile is braked, and the hand brake device additionally arranged can realize hand brake control of different functions on the existing automobile, so that the safety performance of the automobile is greatly improved.

In summary, by adopting the hand brake device disclosed by the invention, through matching with the existing brake system, the potential safety hazard can be effectively reduced, the safety performance of the hand brake device is improved, the operation is more convenient, the applicability is strong, and the hand brake device is suitable for popularization and use.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation position structure of the invention in use.

The figure shows: 1-shell, 11-oil inlet cavity, 12-oil outlet cavity, 13-oil inlet port, 14-oil outlet port, 15-exhaust hole, 16-one-way exhaust valve, 2-push-pull electromagnet, 21-push rod, 22-strong spring, 3-electronic hand brake button switch, 4-push rod, 5-piston, 6-supporting baffle, 7-pressure sensor, 8-alarm, 9-alarm switch, 100-brake master cylinder, 200-brake oil pressure pipeline, 300-ABS brake control pump, 400-brake cylinder, 500-brake caliper and 600-brake disc.

Description of the embodiments

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be a mechanical connection; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the multifunctional electronic hand brake device according to the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a push-pull electromagnet 2, an electronic hand brake button switch 3, a push rod 4 and a piston 5, where the housing 1 has a holding cavity, a supporting partition 6 is disposed in the housing 1, the housing 1 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by the supporting partition 6, the push-pull electromagnet 2 is disposed in the upper cavity, the piston 5 is disposed in the lower cavity by the push rod 3, the lower cavity is divided into two cavities by the piston 5, namely an oil inlet cavity 11 and an oil outlet cavity 12, the upper end of the push rod 4 passes through the supporting partition 6 to be connected with the push-pull electromagnet 2 in contact, and an oil inlet interface 13 and an oil outlet interface 14 which are communicated with the oil inlet cavity 11 and the oil outlet cavity 12 are disposed on the housing 1, and the electronic hand brake button switch 3 is connected with the push-pull electromagnet 2 by wires penetrating the housing 1; the push-pull electromagnet 2 is a push-pull electromagnet and comprises a shell, a coil, an electromagnet, a movable slide bar, a push rod 21 and a strong spring 22, wherein the coil, the electromagnet and the movable slide bar are all arranged in the shell, the strong spring 22 is sleeved on the push rod 21, the front end of the strong spring 22 is fixedly connected with the front end of the push rod 21, and the rear end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the movable slide bar in the shell; the push rod 21 is coaxially arranged with the push rod 4 extending into the upper cavity, and the push-pull electromagnet 2 is in contact connection with the push rod 4 through the push rod 21; the oil inlet port 13 is arranged on the shell 1 near one side of the supporting partition plate 6, the oil outlet port 14 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, and the shell 1 is connected in series in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline between a brake caliper and a brake cylinder matched with an automobile brake disc through the oil inlet port 13 and the oil outlet port 14; the push-pull electromagnet 2 penetrates through the shell 1 through a wire to be connected with an existing controller of the automobile, and the controller is connected with the electronic hand brake button switch 3 and is used for feeding back a button operation signal to the controller and controlling the on-off state of the push-pull electromagnet 2 through the electronic hand brake button switch 3.

Further, in order to facilitate exhausting the gas in the oil inlet cavity 11 and the oil outlet cavity 12, the side wall of the shell 1 is further provided with exhaust holes 15 communicated with the oil inlet cavity 11 and the oil outlet cavity 12, exhaust valves 16 are respectively installed at the exhaust holes 15, the exhaust valves 16 are connected with the existing controller of the automobile through wires, and under the action of the controller, the oil inlet cavity 11 and the oil outlet cavity 12 can form an open or closed cavity through the exhaust valves 16.

Further, in order to timely know whether the oil pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 is abnormal, the practicality of the hand brake device of the embodiment is improved, the hand brake device further comprises a pressure sensor 7, the pressure sensor 7 is installed in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline of an automobile and is used for detecting the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline and feeding back detection information to an existing controller of the automobile, wherein the controller controls the push-pull electromagnet 2 to be in an electrified state through the electronic hand brake button switch 3 when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in a normal state, the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is electrified to generate magnetism, and the push rod 21 is pulled to move backwards, so that the strong spring 22 is in a compressed state; when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state, the push-pull electromagnet 2 is controlled to be in a power-off state through the electronic hand brake button switch 3, the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is powered off and loses magnetism, the powerful spring 22 in a compressed state pushes the push rod 21 to move forward to an original free state position under the action of elastic force, and in the forward moving process of the push rod 21, the push rod 4 and the piston 5 are pushed to move towards the oil outlet cavity 12.

The hand brake device according to the embodiment is characterized in that the shell 1 is connected in series in a brake oil pressure pipeline 200 between a brake caliper 500 and a brake cylinder 400 which are matched with a brake disc 600 of an automobile, in a specific installation process, the hand brake device is installed before four wheels of the existing vehicle, an oil inlet port 13 communicated with an oil inlet cavity 11 is arranged on the side wall of the shell 1, an oil outlet port 14 communicated with an oil outlet cavity 12 is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1, the oil inlet cavity 11 is connected with the outlet end of the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 of the brake cylinder 400 through the oil inlet port 13, and the oil outlet cavity 12 is connected with the inlet end of the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 of the brake caliper 500 through the oil outlet port 14, and the specific braking mode is as follows:

during normal braking, the brake oil in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 enters the oil inlet cavity 11 to push the piston 5 to move downwards, so that the brake oil in the oil outlet cavity 12 enters the brake oil pressure pipeline 200, and the brake caliper 500 is pushed by the brake oil in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 to lock the automobile brake disc 600, so that braking is generated.

In the normal running process, the brake caliper 500 needs to be released, so that the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 in the brake caliper 500 returns to the oil outlet cavity 12 to drive the brake caliper 500 to release the automobile brake disc 600, and normal running of the vehicle is realized.

Examples

The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that an alarm 8 and an alarm switch 9 are further added on the basis of the embodiment 1, the alarm 8 is arranged in an automobile cab, the alarm 8 is connected with an existing controller of the automobile through the alarm switch 9, and the controller starts the alarm 8 to provide an alarm signal through the alarm switch 9 according to detection information fed back by the pressure sensor 7 when the pressure in a brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state. Through the alarm 8 that sets up, can in time remind the driver to overhaul, effectively reduce the potential safety hazard to improve its security performance.

For the existing brake system of the automobile, when normal foot brake and hand brake are realized, the working principle is as follows:

the foot brake comprises the following steps: the driver steps on the brake pedal, applies pressure to the brake oil in the brake master cylinder 100, the pressure of the brake oil is firstly transmitted to the ABS brake control pump 300 through the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 in the oil circuit system, then the pressure is transmitted to the four brake sub pumps 400 through the ABS brake control pump 300, the brake sub pumps 400 are transmitted to the brake caliper 500 through the brake oil pressure pipeline 200, and the brake oil in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 drives the brake caliper 500 to clamp the brake disc 600 so as to generate huge friction force, so that the vehicle is decelerated, and the purpose of braking is realized.

The hand brake process is as follows: the driver pulls the hand brake lever to apply pressure to the brake oil in the brake master cylinder 100, the pressure is firstly transferred to the ABS brake control pump 300 through the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 in the oil circuit system by the brake oil, then transferred to the four brake sub pumps 400 by the ABS brake control pump 300, the brake sub pumps 400 are transferred to the brake caliper 500 through the oil pressure pipeline 200, and the brake oil in the oil pressure pipeline 200 drives the brake caliper 500 to clamp the brake disc 600 so as to generate huge friction force, thereby slowing down the vehicle and realizing the purpose of braking.

Because the hand brake device of the invention is installed in the oil pressure pipeline 200 between the brake cylinder 400 and the brake caliper 500, the specific working mode is as follows:

1. when the vehicle needs to run, the hand brake rod is loosened, the push-pull electromagnet 2 in the shell 1 is automatically electrified, so that the powerful spring 22 in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is reset, the ejector rod 4 is utilized to drive the piston 5 to move upwards, and brake oil in the brake caliper 500 flows back into the oil outlet cavity 12, so that the brake caliper 500 loosens the brake disc 600, and normal running of the vehicle is realized.

2. When the vehicle needs to be braked, the brake pedal is depressed, brake oil in the oil pressure pipeline 200 enters the braking device, namely enters the oil inlet cavity 11 through the oil inlet port 13, the piston 5 is driven to move downwards, the piston 4 pushes the brake oil in the oil outlet cavity 12 to move downwards, finally, the brake oil enters the oil pressure pipeline 200 connected with the brake caliper 500 through the oil outlet port 14, and the brake oil in the oil pressure pipeline 200 drives the brake caliper 500 to clamp the brake disc 600 through the piston, so that braking is realized.

3. When the vehicle needs to be braked by stopping, the hand brake rod is pulled up firstly, so that the push-pull electromagnet 2 in the shell 1 is automatically powered off, the push rod 21 in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is pushed out under the action of the powerful spring 22, the push rod 4 is utilized to drive the piston 5 to move downwards, the piston 5 pushes the brake oil of the oil outlet cavity 12 to move downwards, finally the brake oil enters a brake oil pressure pipeline 200 connected with the brake caliper 500 through the oil outlet interface 14, and the brake oil in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 drives the brake caliper 500 to clamp the brake disc 600 through the piston, so that the stopping brake is realized.

4. When the vehicle is in normal running, the hand brake rod is loosened, so that the push-pull electromagnet 2 in the shell 1 is automatically electrified, the powerful spring 22 in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is reset, namely the push rod 21 pushed downwards moves upwards under the action of the powerful spring 22, the push rod 4 drives the piston 5 to move upwards, brake oil in the brake caliper 500 flows back into the oil outlet cavity 13, the brake caliper 500 releases the brake disc 600, and normal running of the vehicle is realized.

5. When oil leakage occurs in a main oil pipe in an oil circuit system, namely when oil leakage occurs in a brake oil pressure pipeline 200 for providing power for a brake cylinder 400, the pressure sensor 7 feeds detected information back to a controller, when the push-pull electromagnet 2 is in a power-off state through the electronic hand brake button switch 3, the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet 2 is powered off and loses magnetism, and the powerful spring 22 in a compressed state pushes the push rod 21 to move forwards to an original free state position under the action of the elastic force, and in the forward movement process of the push rod 21, the push rod 4 and the piston 5 are pushed to move towards the oil outlet cavity 12. At this time, the piston 5 is used to push the brake oil in the oil outlet cavity 12 to move downwards, and finally the brake oil enters the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 connected with the brake caliper 500 through the oil outlet port 14, the brake oil in the brake oil pressure pipeline 200 drives the brake caliper 500 to clamp the brake disc 600 through the piston, so as to generate braking force, realize braking and stopping of the vehicle, and the driver can be timely reminded to overhaul through the configured alarm 8.

6. When oil leakage occurs in a brake hose in the oil circuit system, namely, when oil leakage occurs in a brake oil pressure pipeline 200 for providing power for the brake caliper 500, the braking mode is the same as that of the oil leakage of the main oil pipe, and a driver can be timely reminded of overhauling through the configured alarm 8.

By adopting the hand brake device, under the condition that all the configurations of the existing vehicle are unchanged, the hand brake device is additionally arranged in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline, is matched with an existing brake system to use, and utilizes the push-pull electromagnet 2 to provide power for the piston 5, so that the linear reciprocating motion of the ejector rod 4 is realized, and the reversing operation of the ejector rod 4 can be rapidly and sensitively completed, thus the timeliness of braking can be ensured, the potential safety hazard can be effectively reduced, the safety performance of the hand brake device is improved, the operation is more convenient, the applicability is strong, and the hand brake device is suitable for popularization and use.

Other aspects of the invention are well known to those skilled in the art.

The above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a multi-functional electron manual brake device which characterized in that: including casing (1), push-pull type electro-magnet (2), electron manual brake button switch (3), ejector pin (4) and piston (5), casing (1) have and hold the cavity be equipped with in casing (1) and support baffle (6), casing (1) are separated into cavity and lower cavity through supporting baffle (6), push-pull type electro-magnet (2) set up in last cavity, and piston (5) set up in lower cavity through ejector pin (3), lower cavity separates into two cavitys through piston (5), is oil feed cavity (11) and oil outlet cavity (12) respectively, the upper end of ejector pin (4) is passed and is connected with push-pull type electro-magnet (2) contact, and be equipped with on casing (1) with oil feed interface (13) and oil outlet interface (14) that oil feed cavity (11) and oil outlet cavity (12) communicate with each other respectively, electron manual brake button switch (3) are connected with push-pull type electro-magnet (2) through the wire penetration casing (1).

2. The multifunctional electronic hand brake device of claim 1, wherein: the oil inlet port (13) is arranged on the shell (1) close to one side of the supporting partition plate (6), the oil outlet port (14) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (1), and the shell (1) is connected in series in the existing brake oil pressure pipeline between a brake caliper and a brake cylinder matched with the automobile brake disc through the oil inlet port (13) and the oil outlet port (14); the push-pull electromagnet (2) penetrates through the shell (1) through a wire to be connected with an existing controller of the automobile, and the controller is connected with the electronic hand brake button switch (3) and is used for feeding back a button operation signal to the controller and controlling the power-on or power-off state of the push-pull electromagnet (2) through the electronic hand brake button switch (3).

3. The multifunctional electronic hand brake device of claim 2, wherein: the push-pull electromagnet (2) is a push electromagnet and comprises a shell, a coil, an electromagnet, a movable slide bar, a push rod (21) and a strong spring (22), wherein the coil, the electromagnet and the movable slide bar are arranged in the shell, the strong spring (22) is sleeved on the push rod (21), the front end of the strong spring (22) is fixedly connected with the front end of the push rod (21), and the rear end of the strong spring is fixedly connected with the movable slide bar positioned in the shell; the push rod (21) is coaxially arranged with the push rod (4) extending into the upper cavity, and the push-pull electromagnet (2) is in contact connection with the push rod (4) through the push rod (21).

4. A multi-functional electronic hand brake device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the side wall of the shell (1) is also provided with exhaust holes (15) communicated with the oil inlet cavity (11) and the oil outlet cavity (12) respectively, the exhaust holes (15) are provided with exhaust valves (16) respectively, the exhaust valves (16) are connected with the existing controller of the automobile through wires, and under the action of the controller, the oil inlet cavity (11) and the oil outlet cavity (12) can form an open type or a closed type cavity through the exhaust valves (16).

5. The multifunctional electronic hand brake device of claim 4, wherein: the automobile brake system further comprises a pressure sensor (7), wherein the pressure sensor (7) is arranged in an existing brake oil pressure pipeline of the automobile and used for detecting the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline and feeding back detection information to an existing controller of the automobile.

6. The multifunctional electronic hand brake device of claim 5, wherein: when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in a normal state according to detection information fed back by the pressure sensor (7), the controller controls the push-pull electromagnet (2) to be in an electrified state through the electronic hand brake button switch (3), and the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet (2) is electrified to generate magnetism to pull the push rod (21) to move backwards so as to enable the powerful spring (22) to be in a compressed state; when the pressure in the brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state, the push-pull electromagnet (2) is controlled to be in a power-off state through the electronic hand brake button switch (3), the electromagnet in the push-pull electromagnet (2) is powered off and loses magnetism, the powerful spring (22) in a compressed state pushes the push rod (21) to move forwards to an original free state position under the action of elastic force, and in the forward moving process of the push rod (21), the push rod (4) and the piston (5) are pushed to move towards the oil outlet cavity (12).

7. The multifunctional electronic hand brake device of claim 6, wherein: the automatic braking device is characterized by further comprising an alarm (8) and an alarm switch (9), wherein the alarm (8) is arranged in an automobile cab, the alarm (8) is connected with an existing controller of an automobile through the alarm switch (9), and the controller is used for providing an alarm signal by starting the alarm (8) through the alarm switch (9) according to detection information fed back by the pressure sensor (7) when the pressure in a brake oil pressure pipeline is in an abnormal state.