CN116273368A

CN116273368A - Building waste recycling system and method

Info

Publication number: CN116273368A
Application number: CN202310307581.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李芳军; 杨万里; 张建明; 牛红梅; 蒙悟; 林凡; 何有鹏; 贾亮
Original assignee: Lanzhou University of Technology; Second Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 21st Bureau Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lanzhou University of Technology; Second Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway 21st Bureau Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-27
Filing date: 2023-03-27
Publication date: 2023-06-23
Anticipated expiration: 2043-03-27
Also published as: CN116273368B

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction waste recycling system and a construction waste recycling method, wherein the construction waste recycling system comprises a control system, a primary jaw crushing module, a screening type winnowing module, a magnetic separation module, other metal screening modules, a secondary crushing and screening module and a coarse aggregate treatment module which are sequentially connected, wherein the modules are detachably connected and can integrally move, and the modules are electrically connected with the control system. The construction waste recycling system is completely free from the condition that manual screening is needed in certain links, releases manpower and realizes full-automatic recycling. Through the multistage treatment of the construction waste, different kinds of waste in the construction waste are treated and sorted when each module is treated, and different modes of recycling are carried out on the different kinds of waste, so that the construction waste is fully recycled, and environmental pollution caused by stacking and landfill of the construction waste is avoided.

Description

Building waste recycling system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste, in particular to a system and a method for recycling construction waste.

Background

The construction waste refers to dregs, waste soil, waste materials, sludge and other wastes generated in the process of constructing, paving or dismantling various buildings, structures, pipe networks and the like by construction units or individuals. The construction waste from the demolition of old buildings is classified into bricks and stones, concrete, wood, plastics, gypsum and mortar, steel and nonferrous metals, etc. At present, most of construction waste is transported to suburbs or villages by construction units without any treatment, is piled up or buried in open air, consumes a great amount of construction expenses such as land fees, garbage cleaning and transporting fees and the like, and meanwhile, the problems of scattering, dust, ash and sand flying and the like in the cleaning and piling process cause serious environmental pollution; therefore, if the construction waste is not effectively treated, the following problems can occur, the random stacking of the construction waste is easy to generate potential safety hazard, the construction waste is serious in pollution to water resources, the air quality is also influenced, and the soil quality can be reduced due to the fact that the construction waste occupies the land. With increasing importance to people's environmental protection and resource recycling, the recycling of building rubbish has gradually entered preliminary application from the experiment, but to building rubbish especially the building rubbish that old building was demolishd among the prior art, because of its kind is complicated, its recycling still has degree of automation not high, the material quality of recycling can not accord with the standard of direct reuse, recycling is insufficient scheduling problem still.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a meeting utilization method of a construction waste recycling system, which aims at the grading treatment, environment-friendly recycling and high automation degree of the old construction waste demolition waste.

The invention discloses a construction waste recycling system which comprises a control system, a primary jaw crushing module, a screening type winnowing module, a magnetic separation module, other metal screening modules, a secondary crushing and screening module and a coarse aggregate treatment module, wherein the primary jaw crushing module, the screening type winnowing module, the magnetic separation module, the other metal screening modules and the secondary crushing and screening module are connected in sequence, the modules are detachably connected, the modules can move integrally, and the modules are electrically connected with the control system.

The pre-crushing cavity in the first-stage jaw crushing module can pre-crush super-massive construction waste, then the super-massive construction waste enters the crushing cavity for full crushing, the material can pass through a region provided with sharp teeth, the crushing effect of the region is strong, the crushing effect can be further enhanced under the stirring of the flexible stirring device, and finally, all the processes of the first-stage jaw crushing can be completed through the extrusion crushing of the second region provided with blunt teeth. The first connecting sleeve 110 can prevent the material from falling out of the crushing cavity. The sharp teeth and the blunt teeth are integrally formed in rows or are in a single screw shape, so that the sharp teeth and the blunt teeth are convenient to overhaul and replace.

The screening-type winnowing module realizes screening up, down, left and right by setting the abutting state of the cam and the screen plate, and imitates the process of manually screening a dustpan so as to realize full screening of light objects. The air suction device is matched with the structure of the filtering rake and the comb-shaped knife, so that large flexible sundries in light articles such as plastics, cloth and the like can be firstly cut up, screened and recovered, and the separation effect is good. The recovered light products comprise paper scraps, cloth blocks, wood scraps, plastics and the like, can be burnt for use as fuel, and also improves the recycling value of the construction waste to a certain extent.

The magnetic separation module is internally provided with a plurality of electromagnets, each electromagnet is provided with a gravity sensor, and the automatic recovery of magnetic materials is realized through the automatic monitoring of the gravity sensors, so that the whole process is simple and efficient.

The other metal screening modules are used for analyzing and feeding back the material components through the metal analyzer and are matched with the push rod to realize the separation of other metal materials, so that compared with the prior art, the separation and recovery of harmful wastes such as lead in construction waste are increased.

The fine aggregate obtained by the secondary crushing and screening module can be used for replacing fine sand, is used for grass planting bricks at squares, streets, wharfs, stations, gardens and the like, and is used for customizing hollow bricks, porous bricks or solid bricks of various specifications and the like according to specific use requirements. The secondary crushing and screening module combines the crushing and screening processes together, the first screen drum can be used as an impact plate matched with the impact hammer, crushed qualified materials can be separated between the first screen drum and the second screen drum through centrifugal force and gravity, meanwhile, the central rotating shaft rotates in the opposite direction with the first screen drum, collision between the materials and the device can be enhanced, and the crushing effect is good. While fine aggregate can be successfully separated by the second screen drum. In addition, the beating hammer in the secondary crushing device is fixed through threads, and is also beneficial to maintenance and replacement.

The coarse aggregate treatment module can remove lime components attached to the surface of the aggregate, and improve the surface performance of the recycled aggregate. The coarse aggregate moves forward on the processing platform while vibrating, sulfuric acid is sprayed, so that lime on the surface of the aggregate reacts with the sulfuric acid chemically to generate calcium sulfate precipitate; then spraying water to wash out the calcium sulfate and the residual sulfuric acid, and finally drying and recovering to obtain coarse aggregate with good performance indexes, which can be used for producing corresponding concrete, mortar or preparing building material products such as building blocks, wallboards, floor tiles and the like.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the construction waste recycling system disclosed by the invention completely gets rid of the condition that manual screening is needed in certain links, liberates manpower and realizes full-automatic recycling treatment. Through the multistage treatment of the construction waste, different kinds of waste in the construction waste are treated and sorted when each module is treated, and different modes of recycling are carried out on the different kinds of waste, so that the construction waste is fully recycled, and environmental pollution caused by stacking and landfill of the construction waste is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a construction waste recycling system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the primary jaw crushing module of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the tines 107 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the cogs 108 according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of tines 107 in the one zone described in example 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the cogs 108 in the two zones described in example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a screen-type air separation module according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic bottom view of a screen panel 201 and a folding panel 204 according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the operation states of the cams A-D according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic separation module according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of magnetic separator 302 and support frame 306 according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a front view of the structure of another metal screening module according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary crushing and screening module according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary crushing device according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a coarse aggregate treatment module according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a control system according to the present invention;

wherein: 101. the device comprises a feed inlet, 102, a pre-crushing cavity, 103, a rotary crushing cutter, 104, a crushing cavity, 105, a fixed plate, 106, a movable plate, 107, sharp teeth, 108, blunt teeth, 109, a flexible stirring device, 110, a first connecting sleeve, 111, a driving mechanism, 112, a pushing mechanism, 113, a spring assembly, 114 and a frame;

201. the device comprises a sieve plate, a 202, an induced draft hood, a 203, a second connecting sleeve, a 204, a folding plate, a 205, a cam A, a 206, a cam B, a 207, a cam C, a 208, a cam D, a 209, a comb knife, a 210, a rotating rod A, a 211, a dumbbell rod, a 212, a dumbbell, a 213, an air pipe, a 214, a first collecting box, a 215, an induced draft device, a 216, a rotating rod B, a 217, a fixed rod, a 218, a filter rake, a 219 and a fixing frame;

the second conveying device 302, the magnetic separation device 303, the gravity sensor 304, the electromagnet 305, the guide rail 306, the support frame 307 and the second collecting box;

the third conveyor, 402, rack, 403, baffle, 404, metal analyzer, 405, push plate, 406, push rod, 407, material collection box a,408, material collection box B,409, material collection box C,410, material collection box D,411, throat area, 412, channel a,413, channel B,414, channel C, 415, channel D,416, candidate area;

a first screen drum 502, a second screen drum 503, a secondary crushing device 504, a feed inlet 505, a collecting drum 506, a connecting pipe 507, a material feedback belt 508, a vibrating screen 509, a collecting belt 510, a first screen hole 511, a second screen hole 512, a central rotating shaft 513, a mounting plate 514, a fixing nut 515, a hammer head 515 and a hammer handle;

601. a treatment platform 602, a sulfuric acid spray head 603, a water spraying device 604, a drying device 605 and a waste liquid tank.

Description of the embodiments

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the construction waste recycling system comprises a control system, and a primary jaw crushing module, a screening type winnowing module, a magnetic separation module, other metal screening modules, a secondary crushing and screening module and a coarse aggregate treatment module which are sequentially connected, wherein the modules are detachably connected and can move integrally, and the modules are electrically connected with the control system; in a specific work, the modules can be arranged and combined according to actual needs, so that the modules work cooperatively.

The primary jaw crushing module comprises a frame 114 and a feeding hole 101, wherein the feeding hole 101 is communicated with a pre-crushing cavity 102, a rotary crushing cutter 103 is arranged in the pre-crushing cavity 102, a fixed plate 105 is fixed on one side of the frame 114, a movable plate 106 is hinged to the side wall of the other side of the frame 114, a crushing cavity 104 is formed between the fixed plate 105 and the movable plate 106, the upper end of the crushing cavity 104 is communicated with the pre-crushing cavity 102, crushing teeth are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the fixed plate 105 and the movable plate 106, and each crushing tooth comprises a sharp tooth 107 close to one area of the pre-crushing cavity 102 and a blunt tooth 108 arranged in two areas below the one area; in this embodiment 1, the arrangement of the sharp teeth 107 and the blunt teeth 108 is shown in fig. 5 and 6, and the sharp teeth 107 and the blunt teeth 108 are integrally formed in an even row, and are screwed and fixed with the movable plate 106 and the fixed plate 105 through screw holes between two adjacent teeth. The surface of the blunt tooth 108 far away from the fixed plate 105 and the movable plate 106 is provided with at least two protrusions, the protrusions are symmetrically arranged, and in this embodiment 1, the protrusions are provided with four protrusions, which are respectively located at four corners.

A first connecting sleeve 110 is arranged between the upper end of the movable plate 106 and the pre-crushing cavity 102, and the first connecting sleeve 110 is made of flexible and wear-resistant rubber material, so that the movable plate 106 can move freely, and materials falling from the pre-crushing cavity 102 cannot fall into a gap of the device or on the ground. The movable plate 106 is driven by a driving mechanism 111 fixed on the frame 114, one end of the movable plate 106 far away from the sharp teeth 107 is also hinged with a pushing mechanism 112 and a spring assembly 113, and the other ends of the pushing mechanism 112 and the spring assembly 113 are connected with the frame 114; in this embodiment 1, the pushing mechanism 112 includes a sliding groove formed in the frame 114 and a push rod hinged to the movable plate 106, a baffle is disposed at one end of the opening of the sliding groove, and a sliding plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the push rod, and the sliding plate can slide back and forth in the sliding groove and does not cross the position of the baffle during sliding. In this embodiment 1, the spring assembly 113 includes a movable cavity formed in the frame, an opening is formed at one end of the movable cavity, which is close to the movable plate 106, a spring is disposed in the movable cavity, the spring is wrapped with a central rod, one end of the central rod is hinged to the movable plate 106, and the other end of the central rod extends into the opening, enters the movable cavity, penetrates through the spring and is fixedly connected with the bottom of the spring.

A flexible stirring device 109 is arranged on the side wall of the pre-crushing cavity 102 and close to the crushing cavity 104, the flexible stirring device 109 is in a wave shape, the movable end of the flexible stirring device 109 extends downwards to the junction of the first area and the second area, and the flexible stirring device 109 is driven by the driving mechanism 111 to stir between the fixed plate 105 and the movable plate 106;

the driving mechanism 111 comprises a driving motor a and a crank-link mechanism, the driving motor a can drive the crank-link mechanism, the rotary crushing cutter 103 and the flexible stirring device 109 to move at the same time, the driving mechanism is electrically connected with the control system, belt transmission is arranged between the driving motor a and the rotary crushing cutter 103, and gear transmission is arranged between the driving motor a and the flexible stirring device 109. During operation, when the movable plate 106 is far away from the fixed plate 105, the control system starts the flexible stirring device 109 to stir in a rotating way, and when the movable plate 106 starts to approach the fixed plate 105, the flexible stirring device 109 is controlled to be in a static state, so that the flexible stirring device 109 is reciprocated in a circulating way.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the sieve-type air separation module includes a sieve 201, an air suction cover 202 disposed above the sieve 201, and a fixing frame 219, the upper end of the fixing frame 219 is fixedly connected with the air suction cover 202, one end of the sieve 201 is connected with the movable plate 106 through a second connecting sleeve 203, the other end of the sieve 201 is hinged with a folding plate 204, the sieve 201 is in a dustpan shape, the bottoms of the side walls of two sides of the sieve 201 are symmetrically provided with a cam a 205, a cam B206, a cam C207 and a cam D208, in this embodiment 1, the rotating shafts of the cams a-D are respectively inlaid at the same height of the fixing frame 219 and are driven by a driving motor B, and the driving motor B is electrically connected with the control system. The motion state of the cams a to D at a certain moment is shown in fig. 9, at this moment, the dustpan-shaped sieve plate 201 abutted against the edges of the four cams is in an inclined state, the right rear position corresponding to the cam a 205 is at the highest point, the left front position is at the lowest point, the right front position and the left rear position are at the middle height, the cams a to D rotate clockwise at the same angular speed along with the rotation of the rotating shaft, the four corners of the sieve plate 201 move up and down between the highest position and the lowest position, so as to drive the whole sieve plate 201 to move back and forth, left and right, the light objects can be sieved to the front end and the upper end along with the progress of the sieving, and other objects can sink, so that the separation of the light objects and other objects is realized, and the included angle range between the sieve plate 201 and the horizontal plane is 15-25 ° in the whole motion period of the sieve plate 201.

The bottom of the folding plate 204 is provided with a folding device, the folding device comprises a rotating rod A210, a dumbbell rod 211 is fixed on the rotating rod A210, the rotating rod A210 is also embedded on the fixing frame 219, dumbbells 212 at two ends of the dumbbell rod 211 can be abutted with the bottom of the folding plate 204, a transmission device is arranged between the driving motor B and the rotating rod A210, and the transmission ratio of the transmission device is 2:1; the folding plate 204 is folded once each time the screen plate 201 completes two cycles of movement. When the folding plate 204 is substantially parallel to the dumbbell bar 212, the angle between the folding plate 201 and the screen plate 201 is minimized, and at this time, other materials screened onto the folding plate 201 can be poured into the next stage for further processing.

A second connecting sleeve 203 is also arranged between one end of the suction hood 202 and the fixing plate 105, and the second connecting sleeve is also made of flexible and wear-resistant rubber material. The top of the air suction cover 202 is communicated with an air pipe 213, an air suction device 215 is arranged at the position, close to the air suction cover 202, of the air pipe 213, a first collecting box 214 is arranged at the other end of the air pipe 213, and the air suction device 215 is electrically connected with the control system. In a specific working process summary, the air suction device 215 separates the light matters at the front end and the upper layer of the sieve plate 201 into the first collecting box 214. The side wall of the suction hood 202 is provided with a rotating rod B216 and a fixed rod 217, a filter rake 218 is fixed on the rotating rod B216, and the end part of the fixed rod 217 is fixed with a comb-shaped knife 209 with the shape matched with the filter rake 218. In this embodiment 1, the rotating rod B216 is also driven by the driving motor B to drive the filter rake 218 to rotate clockwise, so that when the filter rake 218 slides close to the screen plate 201, the large light objects in the material can be hung up and fished up, and when the filter rake 218 rotates to the position of the comb 219, the large light objects will be cut up and dropped by the comb 219, and the cut light objects are separated into the first collecting box 214 by the air suction device 215.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the magnetic separation module includes a second conveying device 301, one end of the second conveying device 301 is disposed under the folding plate 204, a magnetic separation device 302 electrically connected to the control system is disposed above the other end of the second conveying device 301, the magnetic separation device 302 includes at least one electromagnet 304 disposed side by side, a gravity sensor 303 electrically connected to the electromagnet 304, and a guide rail 305 capable of horizontally moving the electromagnet 304, a length of the electromagnet 304 is matched with a width of the second conveying device 301, the guide rail 305 is disposed on a supporting frame 306, one end of the guide rail 305 is above the second conveying device 301, and a second collecting box 307 is disposed below the other end of the guide rail 305. In this embodiment 1, two electromagnets are provided, and the second conveying device 301 is also electrically connected to the control system and is a conveying belt driven by the driving motor C.

In the working process, the material falling from the folding plate 204 moves along with the second conveying device 301, when the material moves to the magnetic separation range of the magnetic separation device 302, firstly, one electromagnet 304 is electrified, then the electromagnet 304 adsorbs and screens out the magnetic material, and when the gravity sensor 303 senses that the weight of the electromagnet 304 exceeds the set range, the working electromagnet 304 is controlled to slide to the other end of the guide rail 305, meanwhile, the other electromagnet 304 which is not working is started to carry out adsorption and screening, the electromagnet 304 which is sliding to the other end of the guide rail 305 is powered off to send the material adsorbed on the electromagnet 304 into the second collecting box 307, and the two electromagnets 304 alternately work, so that the magnetic materials in the construction waste such as iron, steel and the like can be continuously separated and recovered; while other materials that are not magnetic will continue to other metal screening modules in the next stage.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the other metal screening module includes a third conveying device 401 located below the second conveying device 301 and a bracket 402 located around the third conveying device 401, a baffle 403 and a metal analyzer 404 are fixedly connected to the bracket 402, the baffle 403 is located above the third conveying device 401, and divides the upper surface of the third conveying device 401 into a candidate area 416, a throat area 411, a channel a 412, a channel B413, a channel C414 and a channel D415, a telescopic push rod 406 is also fixed at a position on the bracket 402 corresponding to the throat area 411, a push plate 405 is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod 406 away from the bracket 402, and a material collection box a 407, a material collection box B408, a material collection box C409 and a material collection box D410 are respectively arranged below the end of the channel a 412, the channel B413, the channel C414 and the channel D415; the third conveying device 401 is also electrically connected with the control system, and is also a conveying belt driven by the driving motor C, but the third conveying device 401 is inclined downward and has an included angle of 15 to 20 degrees with the horizontal plane. The metal analyzer 404 and the push rod 406 are electrically connected to the control system. In this embodiment 1, the push rod 406 is a hydraulic cylinder assembly, and is driven by the driving motor D.

In other metal screening modules, the materials in the to-be-selected area 416 move forward slowly along with the third conveying device 401, and when the materials move to the throat area 411, the materials are collected and classified by the metal analyzer 404, the push rods 406 are controlled by the control system to push the materials to corresponding channels, and finally the materials enter corresponding material collecting boxes. In this embodiment 1, the metal analyzer is an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) metal analyzer, and when the material is detected to be copper, the control push rod 406 pushes the copper to the channel B413, and finally enters the material collection box B408; when the material is detected to be aluminum, the push rod 406 is controlled to push the aluminum to the channel C414, and finally the aluminum enters the material collection box C409; when detecting toxic and harmful materials such as lead, pushing the materials to a channel D415, and finally sending the materials to a material collecting box D410; the movement direction of other materials is unchanged, the push rod 406 does not work, the other materials continue to move forwards, and finally enter the material collection box A407 along the channel A412, so that the separation of other metals in the materials is realized.

As shown in fig. 14 and 15, the secondary crushing and screening module includes a first screen cylinder 501, a second screen cylinder 502 provided outside the first screen cylinder 501, respectively, and a secondary crushing device 503 provided inside the first screen cylinder 501,

the secondary crushing device 503 comprises a central rotating shaft 512 electrically connected with the control system and a striking hammer, the central rotating shaft 512 is fixedly connected with a semi-cylindrical mounting plate 513 through a shaft sleeve, the two semi-cylindrical mounting plates 513 can form a complete cylinder through bolt connection, at least one threaded mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate 513, the striking hammer comprises a hammer head 515 and a hammer handle 516, the hammer head 515 and the hammer handle 516 are integrally formed, and one end of the hammer handle 516, far away from the hammer head 515, is further provided with threads matched with the threaded mounting holes and a fixing nut 514; the hammer 515 is a polyhedron, and the surface is provided with protrusions. In embodiment 1, the number of striking hammers is 15, and the hammers are spirally arranged on the cylinder wall formed by the mounting plate 513

A feed inlet 504 is formed in the upper end of the first screen cylinder 501, and a collecting cylinder 505 is arranged outside the second screen cylinder 502; the bottom end of the first screen cylinder 501 is provided with a connecting pipe 506, and the bottom end of the second screen cylinder 502 is provided with a vibrating screenA net 508, wherein a collecting belt 509 is arranged at the bottom end of the collecting cylinder 505; the first screen cylinder 501 is provided with a first screen hole 510. In this embodiment 1, the material inlet 504 is connected to the bottom of the material collecting box a 407, the aperture of the first sieve hole 510 is 40mm, the second sieve barrel 502 is provided with a second sieve hole 511 with an aperture of 6mm, and the sieve hole of the vibrating screen 508 is a square sieve hole with a side length of 5 mm. The included angle between the first screen cylinder 501 and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, the central rotating shaft 517 and the first screen cylinder 501 rotate in opposite directions and satisfy r ₁ =r ₂ +2r ₃ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein r is ₁ Is the rotation speed of the central rotation shaft 517, r ₂ R is the rotation speed of the first screen cylinder 501 ₃ Is the rotational speed of the second screen cylinder 502. The central spindle 517, the first screen cylinder 501, the second screen cylinder 502, the vibratory screen 508, and the collection belt 509 are electrically connected to the control system.

The secondary crushing and screening module further comprises a material feedback belt 507, one end of the material feedback belt 507 is connected with the connecting pipe 506, and the other end of the material feedback belt 507 is communicated with the feeding port 504. The material feedback belt 507 and the collecting belt 509 are both conveyor belts driven by a driving motor E, the central rotating shaft 517 and the vibrating screen 508 are also driven by the driving motor E, the central rotating shaft 517 and the first screen cylinder 501 are in gear transmission, and the central rotating shaft 517 and the second screen cylinder 502 are in belt transmission.

As shown in fig. 16, the coarse aggregate processing module includes a processing platform 601 connected to an end of the vibrating screen 508, at least one sulfuric acid nozzle 602, at least one water spraying device 603, and at least one drying device 604 are disposed on two sides of the processing platform 601, the processing platform 601 is of a screen structure capable of vibrating, and a waste liquid tank 605 is disposed below the processing platform. In this embodiment 1, two sulfuric acid sprayers 602, two water spraying devices 603, and two drying devices 604 are respectively disposed on two sides of the processing platform 601, the sulfuric acid sprayers 602 are communicated with a liquid storage tank through a pipeline a, the water spraying devices 603 are communicated with a water storage tank through a pipeline B, electromagnetic valves a and B are respectively disposed on the pipeline a and the pipeline B, and the processing platform 601, the electromagnetic valves a, the electromagnetic valves B, and the drying devices 604 are electrically connected with the control system, wherein the processing platform 601 and the drying devices 604 are driven by a driving motor F.

In operation, the material fed from the feed inlet 504 to the secondary crushing and screening module is crushed again by the secondary crushing device 503, then sequentially passes through the first screen cylinder 501 and the second screen cylinder 502, and finally is separated into coarse aggregate on the vibrating screen 508 and fine aggregate on the collecting belt 509, and the coarse aggregate enters the next stage to be continuously processed. In this step, on one hand, the striking hammer rotating around the central rotating shaft 512 and the wall of the rotating first screen drum 501 can strike the crushed material together, so that the crushing effect is good and the efficiency is high; on the other hand, the material particles with the same size are respectively on the vibrating screen 508 and the collecting belt 509 along with the rotation of the first screen cylinder 501 and the second screen cylinder 502, and the oversized material particles are continuously fed into the feeding port 504 by the material feedback belt 507, and repeatedly crushed until the size is qualified. The coarse aggregate on the vibrating screen 508 falls onto the processing platform 601, and moves forward along with the vibrating screen structure of the processing platform 601, and sequentially passes through sulfuric acid spray washing, water washing and drying processes, so that the coarse aggregate with good surface quality and excellent performance is finally obtained. In this embodiment 1, the processing platform 601 is a motor driven transport network.

In this embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 17, the control system includes a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), a wireless data transmission module, a man-machine interaction interface display screen, relays 1 to 7, and a start button and a pause button, wherein the driving motor a in the primary jaw crushing module is controlled by the relay 1, the driving motor B in the screen-type winnowing module is controlled by the relay 2, the driving motor C in the magnetic separation module and other metal screening modules is controlled by the relay 3, the electromagnet 304 is controlled by the relay 4, the driving motor D is controlled by the relay 5, the driving motor E is controlled by the relay 6, the driving motor F is controlled by the relay 7, and the solenoid valve a and the solenoid valve B are controlled by the relay 8.

When the power is turned on and the start button is pressed, the relay 1, the relay 2, the relay 3, the relay 6 and the relay 7 are all closed, and at the moment, the driving motor A drives the crank-link mechanism, the rotary crushing cutter 103 and the flexible stirring device 109 to start to move; the driving motor B drives the rotating shafts of the cams A-D, the rotating rod A210 and the rotating rod B216 to respectively rotate, and the driving motor B also drives the air suction device 215 to start working; the driving motor C drives the second conveying device 301 and the third conveying device 401; the driving motor E starts to drive the central rotating shaft 512 to start rotating, and drives the vibrating screen 508, the material feedback belt 507 and the collecting belt 509 to start moving; the driving motor F drives the processing platform 601 and the drying device 604 to start, and starts working.

After the start button is pressed, the control system also closes the relay 4 at the same time, controls the electromagnet 304 to be electrified to start magnetic separation, controls the electromagnet 304 to slide to the other end of the guide rail 305 after the gravity sensor 303 senses that the weight of the electromagnet 304 exceeds a set range, simultaneously starts the other electromagnet 304 which is not operated at the moment to perform adsorption screening, cuts off the power of the electromagnet 304 sliding to the other end of the guide rail 305 to send the material adsorbed on the electromagnet 304 into the second collecting box 307, and the two electromagnets 304 alternately operate.

After the start button is pressed, the metal analyzer 404 starts to work and transmits the analysis result back to the PLC, and when copper, aluminum or harmful materials are detected, the control system closes the relay 5, and the push rod 406 is driven by the driving motor D to complete the material track change process.

After the start button is pressed, the control system controls the relay 8 to be closed, and solenoid valve A and solenoid valve B are opened to further process the coarse aggregate on the processing platform 601.

In other embodiments of the present application, the sharp teeth 107 and the blunt teeth 108 may be formed separately, and as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sharp teeth 107 and the blunt teeth 108 may be threaded on the bottoms of the sharp teeth 107 and the blunt teeth 108 to be screwed and fixed with the movable plate 106 and the fixed plate 105.

Example 2

A method for recycling construction waste, using the construction waste recycling system as described in any one of the above, the method specifically comprising the steps of:

step 1) primary jaw crushing: pouring the construction waste into a feed inlet 101 for pre-crushing and primary crushing processes to obtain a primary material;

step 2) screening type winnowing: screening the preliminary material obtained in the step 1) through a screen plate 201 and screening through an air suction device to separate light matters in the preliminary material into a first collecting box 214, and pouring the rest material into a second conveying device 301 through a folding plate 204;

step 3) magnetic separation: the materials on the second conveying device 301 are screened by the magnetic separation device 302, magnetic substances are separated into a second collecting box 307, and the rest materials enter the third conveying device 401;

step 4) other metal screening: the materials on the third conveying device 401 are analyzed and screened by a metal analyzer 404 and a push rod 406, copper materials are pushed to a channel B413, and finally separated into a material collecting box B408; pushing the aluminum material to a channel C414, and separating the aluminum material into a material collecting box C409; pushing toxic and harmful materials containing lead and the like to a channel D415, and finally sending the materials to a material collecting box D410; the rest materials enter a material collecting box A407;

step 5) secondary crushing and screening: the materials in the material collecting box A407 enter a first screen cylinder 501 through a material inlet 504, are subjected to secondary crushing by a secondary crushing device 503, are screened by two layers of screen cylinders, and finally, large materials in the first screen cylinder 501 are sent back to the material inlet 504 by a material feedback belt 507 to be crushed again, coarse aggregates are arranged between the first screen cylinder 501 and a second screen cylinder 502, the coarse aggregates slide to a processing platform 601 through a vibrating screen 508, fine aggregates are arranged between the second screen cylinder 502 and a collecting cylinder 505, and are recovered by a collecting belt 509;

step 6) coarse aggregate treatment: the coarse aggregate proceeds while vibrating on the treatment platform 601, and is first subjected to sulfuric acid spraying treatment, then sequentially washed and dried, and finally a high-quality coarse aggregate is obtained.

Claims

1. The construction waste recycling system is characterized by comprising a control system, a primary jaw crushing module, a screening type winnowing module, a magnetic separation module, other metal screening modules, a secondary crushing and screening module and a coarse aggregate treatment module which are sequentially connected, wherein the modules are detachably connected and can move integrally, and the modules are electrically connected with the control system;

the first-stage jaw crushing module comprises a frame (114) and a feeding hole (101), wherein the feeding hole (101) is communicated with a pre-crushing cavity (102), a rotary crushing cutter (103) is arranged in the pre-crushing cavity (102), a fixed plate (105) is fixed on one side of the frame (114), a movable plate (106) is hinged to the side wall of the other side of the frame (114), a crushing cavity (104) is formed between the fixed plate (105) and the movable plate (106), the upper end of the crushing cavity (104) is communicated with the pre-crushing cavity (102), crushing teeth are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the fixed plate (105) and the movable plate (106), and each crushing tooth comprises a sharp tooth (107) close to one area of the pre-crushing cavity (102) and a blunt tooth (108) arranged in two areas below the one area. A first connecting sleeve (110) is arranged between the upper end of the movable plate (106) and the pre-crushing cavity (102), the movable plate (106) is driven by a driving mechanism (111) fixed on the frame (114), one end, far away from the sharp teeth (107), of the movable plate (106) is also hinged with a pushing mechanism (112) and a spring assembly (113), and the other ends of the pushing mechanism (112) and the spring assembly (113) are connected with the frame (114);

a flexible stirring device (109) is arranged on the side wall of the pre-crushing cavity (102) close to the crushing cavity (104), the flexible stirring device (109) is in a wave shape, the movable end of the flexible stirring device (109) extends downwards to the junction of the first area and the second area, and the flexible stirring device (109) is driven by the driving device to stir between the fixed plate (105) and the movable plate (106);

the sieve dynamic type winnowing module comprises a sieve plate (201), an air suction cover (202) and a fixing frame (219), wherein the air suction cover (202) and the fixing frame (219) are arranged above the sieve plate (201) in an inclined mode, the upper end of the fixing frame (219) is fixedly connected with the air suction cover (202), one end of the sieve plate (201) is connected with the movable plate (106) through a second connecting sleeve (203), the other end of the sieve plate is hinged with a folding plate (204), the sieve plate (201) is in a dustpan shape, cams A (205), cams B (206), cams C (207) and cams D (208) are symmetrically arranged at the bottoms of two side walls of the sieve plate (201), the cams A-D can be driven to rotate asynchronously by a driving motor B, a folding device is arranged at the bottom of the folding plate (204), the folding device comprises a rotating rod A (210), dumbbell bars (211) are fixed on the rotating rod A (210), dumbbell bars (212) at two ends of the dumbbell bars (211) can be abutted against the bottoms of the folding plate (204), a transmission device is arranged between the driving motor B and the rotating rod A (210), and the transmission device is in a transmission ratio of 1;

the novel air suction device is characterized in that a second connecting sleeve (203) is also arranged between one end of the air suction cover (202) and the fixed plate (105), an air pipe (213) is communicated with the top of the air suction cover (202), an air suction device (215) is arranged at the position, close to the air suction cover (202), of the air pipe (213), a first collecting box (214) is arranged at the other end of the air pipe (213), a rotating rod B (216) and a fixed rod (217) are arranged on the side wall of the air suction cover (202), a filtering rake (218) is fixed on the rotating rod B (216), and a comb-shaped cutter (209) with the shape matched with the filtering rake (218) is fixed at the end part of the fixed rod (217).

2. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 1, wherein the secondary crushing and screening module comprises a first screen drum (501), a second screen drum (502) arranged outside the first screen drum (501), and a secondary crushing device (503) arranged in the first screen drum (501), wherein a feed inlet (504) is arranged at the upper end of the first screen drum (501), and a collecting drum (505) is arranged outside the second screen drum (502); the bottom end of the first screen cylinder (501) is provided with a connecting pipe (506), the bottom end of the second screen cylinder (502) is provided with a vibrating screen (508), and the bottom end of the collecting cylinder (505) is provided with a collecting belt (509); the first screen cylinder (501) is provided with a first screen hole (510), the aperture of the first screen hole (510) is 35mm-40mm, the second screen cylinder (502) is provided with a second screen hole (511) with the aperture of 6mm-8mm, and the screen hole of the vibrating screen (508) is a square screen hole with the side length of 4.75mm-5 mm.

3. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 2, wherein the coarse aggregate treatment module comprises a treatment platform (601) connected with the end part of the vibrating screen (508), at least one sulfuric acid spray head (602), at least one water spraying device (603) and at least one drying device (604) are arranged on two sides of the treatment platform (601), the treatment platform (601) is of a screen structure capable of vibrating, and a waste liquid tank (605) communicated with the sulfuric acid spray head (602) is arranged below the treatment platform.

4. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 3, wherein the secondary crushing device (503) comprises a central rotating shaft (512) electrically connected with a motor and a striking hammer, the central rotating shaft (512) is fixedly connected with a semi-cylindrical mounting plate (513) through a shaft sleeve, the two semi-cylindrical mounting plates (513) can form a complete cylinder through bolt connection, at least one threaded mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate (513), the striking hammer comprises a hammer head (515) and a hammer handle (516), the hammer head (515) and the hammer handle (516) are integrally formed, and threads matched with the threaded mounting holes and a fixing nut (514) are further arranged at one end of the hammer handle (516) away from the hammer head (515); the hammer head (515) is a polyhedron, and the surface of the hammer head is provided with a bulge.

5. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 4, wherein the first screen cylinder (501) is inclined at an angle of 25 ° to 60 ° to the horizontal, the center rotation shaft (517) rotates in the opposite direction to the first screen cylinder (501), and satisfies r ₁ =r ₂ +2r ₃ The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein r is ₁ Is the rotation speed of the central rotating shaft (517), r ₂ At the rotation speed of the first screen drum (501), r ₃ Is the rotational speed of the second screen drum (502).

6. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 5, wherein the magnetic separation module comprises a second conveying device (301), one end of the second conveying device (301) is arranged under the folding plate (204), a magnetic separation device (302) electrically connected with the control system is arranged above the other end of the second conveying device, the magnetic separation device (302) comprises at least one electromagnet (304) arranged side by side, a gravity sensor (303) electrically connected with the electromagnet (304), and a guide rail (305) capable of horizontally moving with the electromagnet (304), the length of the electromagnet (304) is matched with the width of the second conveying device (301), the guide rail (305) is arranged on a supporting frame (306), one end of the guide rail (305) is arranged above the second conveying device (301), and a second collecting box (307) is arranged below the other end of the guide rail (305).

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the other metal screening module comprises a third conveying device (401) located below the second conveying device (301) and a bracket (402) located around the third conveying device (401), a baffle (403) and a metal analyzer (404) are fixedly connected to the bracket (402), the baffle (403) is located above the third conveying device (401), the upper surface of the third conveying device (401) is divided into a to-be-selected area (416), a throat area (411), a channel a (412), a channel B (413), a channel C (414) and a channel D (415), a telescopic push rod (406) is also fixed to the bracket (402) at a position corresponding to the throat area (411), one end of the push rod (406) away from the bracket (402) is fixedly connected with a push plate (405), and a material collecting box (408), a material collecting box (409) and a material collecting box (409) are respectively arranged below the end of the channel a (415); the metal analyzer (404) and the push rod (406) are electrically connected with the control system.

8. The system for recycling construction waste according to claim 7, wherein the secondary crushing and screening module further comprises a material feedback belt (507), one end of the material feedback belt (507) is connected with the connecting pipe (506), and the other end of the material feedback belt is communicated with the feeding port (504).

9. The construction waste recycling system according to claim 8, wherein the surface of the blunt tooth (108) remote from the fixed plate (105) and the movable plate (106) is provided with at least two protrusions, the protrusions being symmetrically arranged.

10. A method for recycling construction waste, characterized in that a construction waste recycling system according to any one of claims 1-9 is used, said method comprising the steps of:

step 1) primary jaw crushing: pouring the construction waste into a feed inlet (101) for pre-crushing and primary crushing processes to obtain a primary material;

step 2) screening type winnowing: screening the preliminary material obtained in the step 1) through a screen plate (201) and screening through an air suction device so as to separate light matters in the preliminary material into a first collecting box (214), and pouring the rest material into a second conveying device (301) through a folding plate (204);

step 3) magnetic separation: the materials on the second conveying device (301) are screened by a magnetic separation device (302), magnetic substances are separated into a second collecting box (307), and the rest materials enter a third conveying device (401);

step 4) other metal screening: the materials on the third conveying device (401) are analyzed and screened by a metal analyzer (404) and a push rod (406), copper materials are pushed to a channel B (413), and finally separated into a material collecting box B (408); pushing the aluminum material to a channel C (414) and separating the aluminum material into a material collecting box C (409); pushing toxic and harmful materials containing lead and the like to a channel D (415), and finally sending the materials to a material collecting box D (410); the rest materials enter a material collecting box A (407);

step 5) secondary crushing and screening: the materials in the material collecting box A (407) enter a first screen cylinder (501) through a material inlet (504), secondary crushing is carried out by a secondary crushing device (503), screening is realized by two layers of screen cylinders, finally, large materials in the first screen cylinder (501) are sent back to the material inlet (504) by a material feedback belt (507) to be crushed again, coarse aggregates are arranged between the first screen cylinder (501) and a second screen cylinder (502), a vibrating screen (508) slides to a processing platform (601), fine aggregates are arranged between the second screen cylinder (502) and a collecting cylinder (505), and the fine aggregates are recovered by a collecting belt (509);

step 6) coarse aggregate treatment: the coarse aggregate moves forward while vibrating on a processing platform (601), is subjected to sulfuric acid spraying treatment, and is sequentially cleaned and dried, so that the high-quality coarse aggregate is finally obtained.