CN1162285C

CN1162285C - Stereoscopic granitoid and marbleized vitreous brick

Info

Publication number: CN1162285C
Application number: CNB011404493A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨德宁
Original assignee: YANG DE'NING
Current assignee: YANG DE'NING
Priority date: 1995-09-29
Filing date: 1996-04-02
Publication date: 2004-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2016-04-02
Also published as: CN1367097A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a stereoscopic granitoid and marbleized vitreous brick, and a stereoscopic pattern is composed of more than two kinds of non-transparent silicate color lumps which comprise at least 20% of non-glass content. Viewed from a vertical section, a boundary line of other color lumps and two edges of the vertical section of at least 4 blocks or at least 10 blocks of color lumps which are connected mutually is basically parallel to an elongation line from more than 75% of the upper part of a product surface, the boundary line and the product surface form an angle of approximate 10 degrees to 170 degrees, the parallelism biased error does not exceed 40 degrees, or the boundary line and a plane of the product surface form an angle of approximate 90 degrees, and the verticality biased error does not exceed 20 degrees. Viewed from the upper plane, the boundary line and the product surface have three intersection lines on the product plane to be extended to a product edge.

Description

Three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick

Technical field

The present invention is dividing an application on the original application basis, the application number of original application: 96103804.7 applyings date: on April 2nd, 1996, denomination of invention: the mould and the practical approach thereof of making three-dimensional imitative stone vitreous brick.

The present invention relates to a kind of finishing material, relate in particular to a kind of three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick, be particularly suitable for the usefulness of permanent ground, metope and furniture panel decoration.

Background technology

The vitrified tile of prior art, a kind of is the vitrified tile of monochrome or granule (as granule in 20 orders) colour mixture, but it has tone single, pattern-free, the limitation that the scope of application is narrow; Another kind of is to adopt the vitrified tile of gradation color separation mesh screen method sieve series pattern as ten thousand azulejos, owing to divide secondary or repeatedly different toners sieved different positions in pressing punch die frame lower frame, forming repeatedly freely falling body heaps, dichromatism district intersection forms the edge of the uneven oblique line dichromatism of inward direction district handing-over each other and mixes fuzzy mutually, pattern is coarse, can not make the elaboration in the ceramic tile, pattern is meticulous, clear not as lithotome and color glazed brick, more can not produce meticulous complicated solid pattern; The third is the vitreous brick of making of the infiltration look technology of silk screen seal non-silicate composition; because the infiltration look mixes by local with it friendship of micropore inflow that the vitreous brick contains the pigment powder in manufacture craft; so cause the decorative effect that this goods pattern color and luster is unintelligible, not bright-coloured, can not manifest true stone material, use range is limited to.This infiltration look flows into the color lump structure that forms behind the vitreous brick powder material micropore sintering, rather than by constituting color lump behind the porcelain powder sintering that contains pigment, so can not form bright-coloured colored synthesising pattern.The 4th kind is employing tablets press technology formation small-particle pattern vitrified tile, and it is circular or conical that its shape mostly is, and inflexible nature can not form the floral designs as lithotome, nor can produce the large-scale plate pattern as marble.The 5th kind is the punch technology on adopting press.When making formed product, the pit of lines or point is arranged on the surface.Before burning till, spray and make the place of bath of glass transparent or other colored pattern occur after bath of glass, product burn till.But these parts all are the vitrifying composition on composition.Do not contain non-glass high temperature porcelain.The composition that does not also have crystal form.So product hardness is poor, not wear-resisting.On pattern, can only do local the cooperation.Intersection as cutter is cut, very inflexible.Be different from the brick body component content that all changes into part on the brick laying structure of the present invention by the non-glass that contains more than 20%.The 6th kind is existing bright and beautiful surface encaustic brick, though can form different pattern, the pattern of its formation has only very thin one deck above the goods, can not wear into as the flat polished tile of minute surface, because once polishing, the top layer pattern also is that major part grinds off and do not become pattern.And if do not polish, just do not have the noble texture of polished tile.And bright and beautiful surface encaustic brick is in use wear-resisting inadequately, so use range, life-span are limited to.

Again since on technology several looks of zoning, the colorant of some spots can form two kinds to hundreds of above colors: such as red, yellow, blue, white, black, green etc.; Metal porcelain look such as various metalluster features such as red, yellow, green, grey, blue, silver; Again such as the beautiful porcelain look of color glazed bricks such as red, yellow, green, grey, blue, white, quartzy glaze; Can become by above multiple color glaze combined group again, can also mix composition with transparent.Relatively more existing vitreous brick has the reason of strong manyfold to be on rich color: if the color glaze that former vitreous brickwork skill uses low melting point color glaze can form product surface trickles in high temperature in kiln, destruction equipment, influence are produced and the product distortion.And the invention of this technology can be goods top layer on several colored points or the zone while cloth, because wherein contained the non-glass porcelain such as 40%, 55%, 60%, 70%, 80% of reaching more than 20%, can guarantee shape of product, thereby guarantee the abundant colors effect.

In a word, the ceramic tile of prior art has above-mentioned such-and-such many disadvantages, can not take into account wear-resisting thickness and pattern smooth; Take into account the bright characteristics such as decorative effect and wear resistance that wait.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of solid pattern vitreous brick that can overcome above-mentioned defective in the prior art, and it is a kind of vitreous brick of emulation stone pattern.Its technical solution has following two kinds.

One of its technical solution provides a kind of three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick; it is that how much solid pattern layers of the colored silicic acid salt block material that silicate constituted of 20% non-glass attitude composition are formed mutually that its structure contains volume at least by at least two kinds of different color and lusters or mixture colors or tertiary colour opaque; the vertical section of one piece goods is made up of some color lumps; the line of delimitation of its color lump face is the crossing sideline that is formed two looks by the non-glass porcelain pellet of many different meshes and vitrifying porcelain; should intersect the sideline is in line substantially; and have at least 3 intersecting lenses on the goods plane, to extend to the goods edge; wherein vertical section has at least two edges of 4 interconnective color lumps and the line of delimitation of other color lumps to become about 10 ° to 170 ° angles with the product surface plane from the top that product surface begins more than 75%, and its biased error is no more than 40 °.

Two of its technical solution provides a kind of three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick; it is that how much solid pattern layers of the colored silicic acid salt block material that silicate constituted of 20% non-glass attitude composition are formed mutually that its structure contains volume at least by at least two kinds of different color and lusters or mixture colors or tertiary colour opaque; the vertical section of one piece goods is made up of some color lumps; the line of delimitation that it is characterized in that its color lump face is the crossing sideline that is formed two looks by the non-glass porcelain pellet of many different meshes and vitrifying porcelain; should intersect the sideline is in line substantially; should intersect the sideline has at least 3 intersecting lenses to extend to the goods edge on the goods plane; wherein have vertical section two edges of 10 interconnective color lumps and the line of delimitation of other color lumps at least; become 70 °～90 ° angles with the product surface plane from the extended line of top more than 75% that product surface begins, its biased error is no more than 20 °.

Vitreous brick in described first kind and the second kind of technical solution, its surface can be as the uneven sliding surface of granite rubble or the polished surface that polishes.

Because the present invention makes the innovation of the solid geometry shape face structure behind the making processes of solid pattern and the silicate porcelain powder sintering that product contains pigment; thereby remove combine the vitreous brick wear-resisting, bear dirty, the intensity height; can grind and be surface polishing; outside attractive in appearance, the level and smooth advantage; also because the color glaze material of the surface polishing pattern of goods of the present invention composition can be at 0.5mm to the thickness between the 1000mm; has wearing layer as natural granite; so grind off certain thickness, the goods plane pattern is constant.Creativeness of the present invention, practicality are that also the pattern of these goods can make arbitrarily according to natural granite, marble pattern, can emulation arrive approximate real degree, and it is big to overcome between every of the lithotome aberration, quality is inconsistent, water-intake rate is higher, frost resistance difference and containing to human body shortcomings such as radioactive substance such as deleterious radon gas extremely, especially in the use on exterior wall and ground, existing lithotome aberration under dried wet uneven situation between wet season or gas leak sooner or later and the weather sky differs, very ugly, this is masty problem.And the present invention has well solved this technical barrier.The polished patterned vitreous brick of parian in the product of the present invention; than this limestone matter of natural marble stone material much better than acid resistance, bearing dirty property, wear resistance, hardness, intensity, planeness and luminance brightness are arranged; and do not have radiocontamination and toxic gas, have more practicality than lithotome.Compare with other stone materials, this product is more suitable in metope and the earth material done indoor and outdoor.The more original like product of this product has comprehensive advantages such as better ornamental and better weather resistance, frost resistance, bearing dirty property, erosion resistance, wear resistance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional artificial grantie of the first embodiment of the present invention, the orthographic plan of marble vitreous brick.

Fig. 2 is the vertical sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the floor map that the vitreous brick of first embodiment is pressed punch die low mold frame mouth.1 expression of oblique line part has the frame pit of the placement porcelain of the degree of depth, and the upper surface of the counterdie of punch die is pressed in white portion 2 expressions.

Fig. 4 is the assembling die die orifice floor map of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is the inside casing synoptic diagram of the special container of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 6 is the inside casing horizontal section synoptic diagram of the special container of first embodiment.

Fig. 7 is that the vitreous brick of first embodiment is pressed punch die low mold frame and the vertical cut-away schematic view of combination die orifice when charging, and wherein punch die low mold frame pit shape base plane is pressed in label 1 expression; Punch die low mold frame pit shape wall portion facade is pressed in 2 expressions; The last plane of punch die patrix is pressed in 3 expressions; The die bearing of dotted portion 4 expression assembling dies is sieving the die orifice 4 that has stretched out screen cloth 5 plane 1mm-15mm when expecting.

Fig. 8 is the floor map of the imitative Arabescato marble pattern of second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is the vertical sectional view of second embodiment of the present invention goods;

Figure 10 and 11 is respectively the three-dimensional artificial grantie of third embodiment of the invention grating belt, the floor map and the vertical sectional view of marble vitreous brick.

Embodiment

Fig. 1 illustrates the three-dimensional artificial grantie of a 300mm * 300mm of first embodiment of the invention; marble vitreous brick orthographic plan; its bend is partly represented green vitreous piece material (wherein containing the high-melting-point non-glass porcelain more than 20%); white portion is represented canescence vitreous piece material (wherein containing 30% crystalloid porcelain and 20% high-melting-point non-glass porcelain), and both constitute blackish green marmorean floral designs.As seen from Figure 2, the symmetrical bonding surface of no matter which color lump, 75% forward line of delimitation of blackish green vitreous piece material and canescence vitreous piece material all is approximately parallel, and the parallelism error between approximately perpendicular two lines is not worked energetically 40 ° of angles.

The production process of first embodiment of the invention is as follows: will be applicable to the blackish green powder of 120 ℃ of vitreous brick maximum sintering temperatures and canescence powder respectively with mixing diluents pulp or half-dried powdery, be respectively charged among two containers, again the assembling die die orifice of two cover F-SPs; Several of one cover die orifice are the some blackish green bulks of natural marble; one cover die orifice is the some canescence chains of natural marble striated for several; combination be placed on framed mouthful of the punching press of compacting vitreous brick or the adobe that pressed on (Fig. 3) or be placed on the special container (Fig. 5), the method for implementing this process has following four kinds.First kind of practice: adopt pressure process that the mill base in two or more not homochromy containers (as blackish green and canescence) is expected directly to inject directly impact briquetting in the vitreous adobe pressure punch die tool frame mouth (Fig. 3) by the die orifice (Fig. 4) of F-SP; oven dry; burn till, promptly can be made into the artificial stone vitreous brick of first embodiment of the invention.

Second method is: adopt pressure process that the mill base material in two or more not homochromy containers or the half-dried powder die orifice (Fig. 4) by F-SP is injected among the special container (Fig. 5).Again blackish green in the container (wherein containing the high-melting-point porcelain more than 50%) and canescence porcelain (wherein containing 60% above crystalloid porcelain) are formed blank block in certain lithotome pattern container (Fig. 5) on the certain orientation plane; be cut into the thick sheet of 3mm-15mm at certain orientation; inserting the vitreous adobe presses in the punch die frame (Fig. 3); on press, be pressed into the vitreous adobe at last; after the drying, in 1220 ℃ of left and right sides vitreous brickkilns, burn till again.Arrive this, just made imitative blackish green marmorean vitreous brick.

The third method is: adopt to sieve or pressure or stirring technology or free-falling technology; powder in the half-dried powder container that two or more not homochromy (blackish green or canescence) are housed directly is sieved into or is pressed into or stirs into or fall into the vitreous brick by die orifice (Fig. 1) or container presses in the punch die frame; directly press the type that is washed into; product is burnt till in oven dry.The key that this method is different from former screen cloth method formation method of patterning is: former method is a gradation sieve toner, existing method is that a substandard cloth goes out multiple toner, and die orifice (Fig. 7) also can stretch out gauze (Fig. 7) 1mm-30mm by the pattern requirement, also can not stretch out screen cloth.Employing falls into, pressure process also shouldn't screen cloth can guarantee the accumulation that do not overlap of needed not homochromy district toner, the pattern that guarantees goods of the present invention is accurate, the extended line of symmetrical look district boundary line of the section that die orifice surrounded of guaranteeing the pattern requirement is substantially parallel, the error of its nonparallelism is in 40 ° of angles, even because cloth or die stamping may become the distortion of not parallel state at two marginal back segments in pattern colour district that the goods vertical section is seen.But this at most only accounts for 25% of line of delimitation total length.

The 4th kind of method is: adopt to sieve technology or press technology, the powder in the half-dried powder container that not homochromy (blackish green and canescence) more than two or two is housed directly sieved or be pressed in the vitreous adobe by die orifice (Fig. 1) or on the vitreous brick body of once-firing.Burn till again.

For rich, the above adobe or the brick body that improve pattern, can also itself be exactly had three-dimensional artificial grantie, marble pattern feature, adopt above-mentioned one, two, work in-process adobe that three kind of method made or the brick body that has burnt till.

More than can also become pattern at 2-100 kind color (such as white, red, yellow, blue, green, white, clear, colorless, transparent color etc.) to the pattern of two colors in four kinds of methods; Also can become tertiary colour to each look district by monochrome, mixture colors, so that vitreous brick pattern is more colourful, have more artificial stone and even be better than the decorative effect (for example being combined into) of true stone material, it is characterized in that goods of the present invention all are the patterns that thickness is arranged of solid geometry shape such as ceramic tile pattern, carpet pattern, stained glass pattern, mural painting pattern etc.; Can also a kind of color lump area in the pattern be made more than the 1mm-0.5mm, as the color lump of marble; Also can make material surface is the same uneven sliding surface of grouan rubble, can also be to have polished the planar surface polishing; Also be the solid geometry pattern that different colorants are formed, the downward extension that it becomes substantially parallel direction can be until bottom, the adobe back side, from 0.1mm-1000mm, also can only extend 0.1mm-2mm, rest part is made up of other any ceramic powder, to reduce cost; Its area of goods of the present invention can be from as the 42cm2 of the mosaic 30m2 to huge granite slab, thickness can be 5mm-1000mm, its overall geometry can be such as cylindrical, partial circle cylindricality, sphere, many prismatics, circle, bar shaped, square, etc. all shapes.

For easy for installation, can also form within 2-20 at the back side of goods, the degree of depth is at the open holes of 2-15mm.

Referring now to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 the second embodiment of the present invention is described.As seen from Figure 8, the imitative Arabescato marble pattern of forming by the vitreous fragment of brick material (oblique line part) and the linen vitreous fragment of brick material (white portion 2) of grey black.

Second embodiment of the invention is to realize like this; the vitreous brick powder of grey black (wherein contain 50% above fusing point and be higher than 1250 ℃ porcelain) is made slurry or half-dried powder is poured in the container (Fig. 5); again the dried pieces material of canescence vitreous brick material (wherein contain 80% fusing point be higher than 1250 ℃ porcelain) or the piece material after compressing to hit into fritter strong; place a special container (Fig. 5); pressurization again; be cut into sheet again as 3mm-30mm; enter on framed (Fig. 3) at press and to be pressed into the vitreous adobe; again after the oven dry once; burn till in the vitreous brickkiln about 1220 ℃; regrind and put down polishing, just made the marmorean vitreous brick of imitative Arabescato.

In the several different methods of above binomial embodiment; also can be in vitreous bricks die frame (Fig. 3); put into a certain amount of monochromatic powder earlier; place the base sheet that how much three-dimensional arrangement pattern artificial stone vitreous bricks are arranged of the present invention framed again or by the way of embodiment one powder of solid pattern is placed the impact briquetting of framed top again; reburn and form goods; polish then, polish; one deck has the pattern of certain three-dimensional level above the formation goods section, and the bottom is the artificial stone vitreous brick of general porcelain.This kind embodiment helps reducing cost owing to use toner less.

With reference to Figure 10 and Figure 11, they show the three-dimensional artificial grantie of grating belt of third embodiment of the invention, the plane and the vertical section of marble vitreous brick respectively.The blackish green vitreous piece porcelain of point part 1 expression (wherein contain 55% fusing point be to be higher than 1250 ℃ porcelain) wherein; oblique line part 2 expression canescence vitreous piece porcelains (are wherein containing 50% fusing point for being higher than in 1250 ℃ of porcelains; the non-silicate composition that grey infiltration colorant is arranged); white portion 3 is transparent vitreous glass porcelain glaze layer; 4 for having the transparent acrylic acid resin or the inorganic transparent material of grating relief; 5 is metallic reflector, and 6 is the Resins, epoxy protective layer.7 wherein circle partly be the opaque infiltration look ash that has added the non-silicate composition, green vitrifying material layer.

The making processes of present embodiment goods is as follows: add some transparent high-temperature glass powder glaze between the canescence glaze porcelain of the foregoing description one goods; after making by the method for embodiment one; again in the transparent high-temperature glass porcelain glaze part at its back side; be coated with layer of transparent resin or transparent inorganic material; such as Resins, epoxy; polyamine fat; melamine fat; acrylic acid resin or water glass low melting glass etc.; adopt photosensitive technology or normal temperature thermosol or heating cure technology in the above with a grating film lamination again; make resin layer or transparent inorganic material layer obtain grating relief; plate one deck more in the above such as aluminium; nickel; titanium; chromium; copper; gold; iron; silver; zinc; the metal level of tin or its alloy; add such as Resins, epoxy; polyamine fat; the protective layer of melamine fat promptly obtains the three-dimensional artificial grantie of the grating belt characteristics of the embodiment of the invention two; marble grating vitreous brick.High temperature transparent glass glaze among this embodiment (temperature can at 700 ℃-1500 ℃).Its pattern form also can be designed to the strong or strip of point-like, piece.

In this embodiment; also can all handle the whole goods back side grating relief transparent resin layer (such as Resins, epoxy, polyamine fat, melamine fat, acrylic acid resin etc.) or the inorganic transparent material that have metallic reflector and add metallic reflector, add protective layer again.

Among the embodiment three, in linen vitreous fragment of brick material, add linen infiltration look, can make manifestation mode of the present invention abundanter.In the non-glass formed material layer that contains more than 20%, add opaque greyish-green infiltration look, also can make manifestation mode of the present invention abundanter.Also can add for this reason red, black, indigo plant etc. each with the infiltration look.

In practice, the basic pattern of also can said structure forming is aided with prior art infiltration glaze local pattern for the basis or the macrobead local pattern is formed the pattern of more spending more sample.Also can change color lump and form, quantity, size, thickness, shape, color and luster, and the open holes of being convenient to install is set.When implementing main body artificial grantie of the present invention, marble vitreous brick, adopted above-mentioned mould.

Below three-dimensional artificial grantie marble vitreous brick of the present invention has been done to illustrate, but this only is not to be limitation of the present invention for purposes of illustration, protection scope of the present invention is obviously determined by appended claims.

Claims

1; a kind of three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick; it is that how much solid pattern layers of the colored silicic acid salt block material that silicate constituted of 20% non-glass attitude composition are formed mutually that its structure contains volume at least by at least two kinds of different color and lusters or mixture colors or tertiary colour opaque; the vertical section of one piece goods is made up of some color lumps; it is characterized in that: the line of delimitation of its color lump face is the crossing sideline that is formed two looks by the non-glass porcelain pellet of many different meshes and vitrifying porcelain; should intersect the sideline is in line substantially; and have at least 3 intersecting lenses on the goods plane, to extend to the goods edge; wherein vertical section has at least two edges of 4 interconnective color lumps and the line of delimitation of other color lumps to become about 10 ° to 170 ° angles with the product surface plane from the top that product surface begins more than 75%, and its biased error is no more than 40 °.

2; a kind of three-dimensional artificial grantie pattern vitreous brick; it is that how much solid pattern layers of the colored silicic acid salt block material that silicate constituted of 20% non-glass attitude composition are formed mutually that its structure contains volume at least by at least two kinds of different color and lusters or mixture colors or tertiary colour opaque; the vertical section of one piece goods is made up of some color lumps; the line of delimitation that it is characterized in that its color lump face is the crossing sideline that is formed two looks by the non-glass porcelain pellet of many different meshes and vitrifying porcelain; should intersect the sideline is in line substantially; should intersect the sideline has at least 3 intersecting lenses to extend to the goods edge on the goods plane; wherein have vertical section two edges of 10 interconnective color lumps and the line of delimitation of other color lumps at least; become 70 °～90 ° angles with the product surface plane from the extended line of top more than 75% that product surface begins, its biased error is no more than 20 °.

3, three-dimensional artificial grantie vitreous brick according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described vitreous brick surface is the uneven sliding surface as the granite rubble.

4, three-dimensional artificial grantie vitreous brick according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described vitreous brick surface is the polished surface that polishes.