CN116219768A - Low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric - Google Patents

Low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116219768A
CN116219768A CN202310429131.0A CN202310429131A CN116219768A CN 116219768 A CN116219768 A CN 116219768A CN 202310429131 A CN202310429131 A CN 202310429131A CN 116219768 A CN116219768 A CN 116219768A
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Prior art keywords
dyeing
polyester fiber
polyester
carrier
fabric
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艾敏
贺升
周海威
李梅
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Hunan Sijiu Technology Co ltd
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Hunan Sijiu Technology Co ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/16—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dispersed, e.g. acetate, dyestuffs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/0032—Determining dye recipes and dyeing parameters; Colour matching or monitoring
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6135—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from aromatic alcohols or from phenols, naphthols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6136—Condensation products of esters, acids, oils, oxyacids with oxiranes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
    • D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
    • D06P1/623—Aliphatic, aralophatic or cycloaliphatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
    • D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
    • D06P1/625—Aromatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
    • D06P1/651—Compounds without nitrogen
    • D06P1/65106—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • D06P1/65125—Compounds containing ester groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/52—Polyesters
    • D06P3/54—Polyesters using dispersed dyestuffs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature dyeing method of polyester fabric, which comprises the steps of adding disperse dye, a dyeing carrier, a leveling agent and pH buffer solution into a water body; immersing the polyester fiber fabric into a water body; the dyeing carrier is prepared from an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and tributyl citrate; the weight portions of the materials are as follows: 50-80 parts of water, 3-5 parts of polyester fiber, 1-10 parts of disperse dye, 1-15 parts of dyeing carrier, 3-5 parts of leveling agent and 0.1-1 part of pH buffer solution. Compared with the prior art, the low-temperature dyeing method for the polyester fabric uses the environment-friendly, nontoxic and low-volatility dyeing carrier to improve the dyeing rate of the polyester fiber.

Description

Low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of textile printing and dyeing, in particular to a polyester fabric dyeing technology, and provides a polyester fabric low-temperature dyeing method.
Background
Polyester has a series of excellent performances such as higher shape retention, wear resistance, heat resistance, crease resistance, quick drying and the like, so the polyester is widely applied in the living field, and in order to improve the attractiveness of the polyester, the polyester and the blended fabric thereof are dyed, but because the polyester material belongs to hydrophobic compound fibers, the whole alignment degree is high, the fiber structure is compact, and dye is difficult to enter the polyester fibers for dyeing. Common processing methods for improving the dyeing efficiency of polyester fibers comprise a high-temperature high-pressure method and a hot-melt dyeing method, wherein the processing method increases the free volume of the fibers by increasing the dyeing temperature, or adds an accelerating agent into a dye bath to reduce the glass transition temperature of the fibers, so that the fibers are plasticized, and the dyeing rate of the polyester fibers is improved, but the high-temperature high-pressure dyeing method and the hot-melt dyeing method have higher requirements on equipment, so that the production energy consumption is higher and the continuous stable production is difficult, and for this reason, a carrier dyeing method with relatively mild process conditions is introduced by a polyester product manufacturer, and the dyeing effect of the dyes is improved by adding a dyeing carrier into a water body of the dye bath, but the carrier dyeing method has the following defects: the common dyeing carriers (methyl salicylate, methylnaphthalene, chlorobenzene, biphenyl, butyl benzoate and the like) are difficult to completely remove from the polyester fiber, and have heavy smell, high toxicity and poor biodegradability, so that the dyed polyester fiber has a certain peculiar smell, and the product in the dyeing process can pollute the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing processing technology for processing polyester fiber products by adopting a carrier dyeing method, namely a dyeing carrier with heavy residual smell, high toxicity and poor degradability on polyester fibers, and provides a low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabrics, which uses the environment-friendly, nontoxic and low-volatility dyeing carrier to improve the dyeing rate of the polyester fibers.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric comprises the following steps:
adding disperse dye, a dyeing carrier, a leveling agent and a pH buffer solution into a water body;
immersing the polyester fiber fabric into a water body;
the dyeing carrier is prepared from an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and tributyl citrate;
the weight portions of the materials are as follows: 50-80 parts of water, 3-5 parts of polyester fiber, 1-10 parts of disperse dye, 1-15 parts of dyeing carrier, 3-5 parts of leveling agent and 0.1-1 part of pH buffer solution.
Compared with the prior art, the low-temperature dyeing method for the polyester fabric has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Tributyl citrate has the advantages of good compatibility, high plasticizing efficiency, easy degradation, no toxicity, low volatility and the like, can be used as an environment-friendly catalyst and a plasticizer, so as to plasticize the polyester fiber, improve the dyeing rate of the polyester fiber, and has high color yield, bright color and good color fastness of the dyed product, meanwhile, the dyed polyester fiber has no peculiar smell, and the pollution of the product in the dyeing process to the environment is low;
(2) The polyester fiber molecules and tributyl citrate have the same functional group of ester group, according to the similar compatibility principle, tributyl citrate has larger affinity to the polyester fiber molecules, so that the tributyl citrate can diffuse into the polyester fiber molecules earlier than a disperse dye, the tributyl citrate is combined with the polyester fiber molecules in a Van der Waals force mode after entering the polyester fiber molecules, the binding force between molecular chains in the polyester fiber is weakened (plasticization of the polyester fiber is realized), the molecular chain segments in an amorphous region are easier to move than other molecular chain segments, so that the internal structure of the polyester fiber becomes loose, the free volume of the molecular chain is increased, the vitrification temperature of the polyester fiber is further reduced (the larger the flexibility of the molecular chain is, the vitrification temperature is lower), the dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber is effectively reduced, the difficulty of dyeing the polyester fiber on the disperse dye is reduced, and the low-temperature dyeing of the polyester fiber is realized (the low-temperature dyeing means that the polyester fiber is dyed at 80-100 ℃ and the normal dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber is 120-130 ℃);
(3) The dyeing carrier has solubilization action on disperse dye, and the mechanism is that after the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the dyeing carrier are mixed, the electric repulsive force between the anionic head groups can be shielded, so that the electric repulsive force between the ionic heads of the original anionic surfactant is weakened, mixed micelles are formed in the solution, and the formation of the mixed micelles is further promoted due to the hydrophobic action between hydrocarbon chains in the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant molecules, so that the cmc value (critical micelle concentration) of the solution is reduced, and when the concentration of the compounded surfactant in the dyeing carrier is greater than the cmc value, micelles are formed in the solution; the disperse dye molecules have polar groups, so that the disperse dye is easy to combine with the surfactant, and therefore, the disperse dye molecules are easy to combine into the mixed micelle, and the surfactant has a solubilization effect on the disperse dye;
(4) The anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the dyeing carrier have higher dissolving capacity for dispersing the dye than water, so that more dye can be dissolved in the dyeing carrier, the dispersing dye can be diffused to the surface of the polyester fiber along with the dyeing carrier, a high-concentration dye layer is formed on the surface of the polyester fiber, the concentration gradient (external high concentration and internal low concentration) of the dye inside and outside the polyester fiber is improved, the diffusion power (the diffusion from the external high concentration to the internal low concentration) of the dye is further improved, the diffusion efficiency of the dispersing dye to the inside of the polyester fiber is improved, the dyeing speed of the dye is accelerated, and the color yield of the polyester fabric is improved;
(5) In the dyeing carrier, tributyl citrate, an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant have good compatibility, so that the form of a dyeing carrier mixture is relatively stable after the dyeing carrier is dispersed in a water body of a dye bath, different components in the dyeing carrier can be mutually overlapped while playing respective roles, the dyeing temperature of polyester is reduced, the solubility of disperse dye is improved, the diffusion power of the dye is improved, the speed of the dye absorbing to the polyester fiber is increased, and the dyeing efficiency and the dyeing effect of the polyester fiber are increased in multiple ways;
(6) The low-temperature dyeing method of the polyester fabric improves the dyeing efficiency of the polyester fiber by adding the novel environment-friendly dyeing carrier and the low-temperature dyeing auxiliary agent, has low process requirements, is convenient and simple to operate and has low equipment requirements, so that the production energy consumption is reduced, the reproducibility is high, the method is suitable for batch production, and the method has wide application prospect.
Further, the preparation method of the staining vector comprises the following steps:
compounding with anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, and mixing to obtain emulsifier;
adding tributyl citrate into the emulsifier, and uniformly mixing to prepare a dyeing carrier;
the weight ratio of each substance in the dyeing carrier is as follows: 60-80% of tributyl citrate, 10-25% of nonionic surfactant and 5-15% of anionic surfactant;
during mixing, the stirring equipment stirs the mixed solution for 10-30 minutes at the rotation speed of 400-600 revolutions per minute at the temperature of 40-50 ℃.
The setting mode has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the invention, after the addition amount of tributyl citrate, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant reaches a limit value, the promoting effect on polyester fiber and disperse dye is relatively stable, and in order to avoid material waste, the raw materials in the dyeing carrier are mixed according to the proportion;
(2) Because the nonionic surfactant can shield the electric repulsive interaction between anionic head groups, a mixed micelle is formed in the solution, the adding amount of the nonionic surfactant is 1.5-2 times of the adding amount of the anionic surfactant, and the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant are required to be compounded firstly;
(3) The preparation method of the dyeing carrier has the advantages of low requirements on technological parameters, mild preparation conditions, low requirements on equipment, no byproduct generation, environment friendliness of raw materials and final products, and suitability for stable batch production.
Further, the pH value of the pH buffer solution is 4.5-5.0.
Because the dye liquor is very sensitive to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the dyeing process, the pH buffer solution is required to be used for adjusting the dye liquor, so that the dye and groups in the pH buffer solution play a role in neutralization, the pH value in the dyeing process is kept stable, and the stable performance of the dyeing process is ensured.
Further, the disperse dye is a medium-temperature disperse dye or a low-temperature disperse dye.
Because the dyeing carrier is used for realizing low-temperature dyeing of the polyester fiber, the invention needs to select the moderate-temperature disperse dye or the low-temperature disperse dye which is suitable for the dyeing carrier, thereby improving the phase of the disperse dye and the dyeing carrier and realizing the completion of dyeing of the polyester fiber with lower-requirement production process parameters.
Further, the leveling agent is didodecyl methyl ammonium bromide or DDMAB or lisym PDJ.
The leveling agent is used for delaying the adsorption rate and the dyeing rate of the disperse dye at the beginning of dyeing, so that the disperse dye can uniformly diffuse and cover the surface of the polyester fiber and enter the polyester fiber, the follow-up polyester fiber can be ensured to uniformly adsorb the dye, and the dyeing uniformity is improved.
Further, the nonionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene ether type nonionic surfactant.
The polyoxyethylene ether type nonionic surfactant is one or more of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (EL-40) or isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether TO-10.
Further, the anionic surfactant is a sulfonate type anionic surfactant.
The sulfonate type anionic surfactant is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate
Further, after the polyester fiber fabric is immersed in the water, the water is heated to 100 ℃ at a heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, the polyester fiber fabric is boiled, dyed and kept for 40-80min.
The water body is slowly heated at the heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, so that the disperse dye and the dyeing carrier can be uniformly diffused and coated on the surface of the polyester fiber and enter the polyester fiber when the temperature is lower than 80 ℃, and the dyeing carrier has enough time to play a role in reducing the dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber, and the solubility of the disperse dye is increased, the diffusion power is increased and the speed of adsorbing the disperse dye to the polyester fiber is increased when the temperature is 80-100 ℃, thereby improving the dyeing efficiency, improving the product yield and ensuring good product color fastness.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and fishing out the polyester fiber fabric from the water body, and sequentially performing washing, soaping, secondary washing and drying.
The steps are used for cleaning the dye residual liquid on the polyester fiber fabric so as to treat the polyester fiber fabric later.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a low-temperature dyeing method of polyester fabric.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
The preparation method of the dyeing carrier comprises the following steps:
compounding with anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, and mixing to obtain emulsifier;
adding tributyl citrate into the emulsifier, and uniformly mixing to prepare a dyeing carrier;
the weight ratio of each substance in the dyeing carrier is as follows: 60-80% of tributyl citrate, 10-25% of nonionic surfactant and 5-15% of anionic surfactant;
during mixing, the stirring equipment stirs the mixed solution for 10-30 minutes at the rotation speed of 400-600 revolutions per minute at the temperature of 40-50 ℃.
The setting mode has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the invention, after the addition amount of tributyl citrate, anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant reaches a limit value, the promoting effect on polyester fiber and disperse dye is relatively stable, and in order to avoid material waste, the raw materials in the dyeing carrier are mixed according to the proportion;
(2) Because the nonionic surfactant can shield the electric repulsive interaction between anionic head groups, a mixed micelle is formed in the solution, the adding amount of the nonionic surfactant is 1.5-2 times of the adding amount of the anionic surfactant, and the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant are required to be compounded firstly;
(3) The preparation method of the dyeing carrier has the advantages of low requirements on technological parameters, mild preparation conditions, low requirements on equipment, no byproduct generation, environment friendliness of raw materials and final products, and suitability for stable batch production.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric using the dyeing carrier of the embodiment one, which includes:
weighing the raw materials according to the weight portion ratio;
adding disperse dye, a dyeing carrier, a leveling agent and a pH buffer solution into a water body;
adding disperse dye, a dyeing carrier, a leveling agent and a pH buffer solution into a water body, and stirring for 5-10 minutes until all materials are uniformly dispersed;
immersing the polyester fiber fabric into a water body;
fishing out the polyester fiber fabric from the water body, and sequentially performing washing, soaping, secondary washing and drying; the steps are used for cleaning the dye residual liquid on the polyester fiber fabric so as to treat the polyester fiber fabric later.
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 50-80 parts of water, 3-5 parts of polyester fiber, 1-10 parts of disperse dye, 1-15 parts of dyeing carrier, 3-5 parts of leveling agent and 0.1-1 part of pH buffer solution.
The pH value of the pH buffer solution is 4.5-5.0.
Because the dye liquor is very sensitive to the concentration of hydrogen ions in the dyeing process, the pH buffer solution is required to be used for adjusting the dye liquor, so that the dye and groups in the pH buffer solution play a role in neutralization, the pH value in the dyeing process is kept stable, and the stable performance of the dyeing process is ensured.
The disperse dye is a medium-temperature disperse dye or a low-temperature disperse dye.
Because the dyeing carrier is used for realizing low-temperature dyeing of the polyester fiber, the invention needs to select the moderate-temperature disperse dye or the low-temperature disperse dye which is suitable for the dyeing carrier, thereby improving the phase of the disperse dye and the dyeing carrier and realizing the completion of dyeing of the polyester fiber with lower-requirement production process parameters.
The leveling agent is didodecyl methyl ammonium bromide or DDMAB or lisicorn PDJ.
The leveling agent is used for delaying the adsorption rate and the dyeing rate of the disperse dye at the beginning of dyeing, so that the disperse dye can uniformly diffuse and cover the surface of the polyester fiber and enter the polyester fiber, the follow-up polyester fiber can be ensured to uniformly adsorb the dye, and the dyeing uniformity is improved.
The nonionic surfactant is polyoxyethylene ether nonionic surfactant.
The polyoxyethylene ether type nonionic surfactant is one or more of tristyrylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether (EL-40) or isomeric alcohol polyoxyethylene ether TO-10.
The anionic surfactant is a sulfonate type anionic surfactant.
The sulfonate type anionic surfactant is one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfonate
After the polyester fiber fabric is immersed into the water body, heating the water body to 100 ℃ at a heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, boiling, dyeing and coloring the polyester fiber fabric, and preserving the heat for 40-80min.
The water body is slowly heated at the heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min, so that the disperse dye and the dyeing carrier can be uniformly diffused and coated on the surface of the polyester fiber and enter the polyester fiber when the temperature is lower than 80 ℃, and the dyeing carrier has enough time to play a role in reducing the dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber, and the solubility of the disperse dye is increased, the diffusion power is increased and the speed of adsorbing the disperse dye to the polyester fiber is increased when the temperature is 80-100 ℃, thereby improving the dyeing efficiency, improving the product yield and ensuring good product color fastness.
Compared with the prior art, the low-temperature dyeing method for the polyester fabric has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Tributyl citrate has the advantages of good compatibility, high plasticizing efficiency, easy degradation, no toxicity, low volatility and the like, can be used as an environment-friendly catalyst and a plasticizer, so as to plasticize the polyester fiber, improve the dyeing rate of the polyester fiber, and has high color yield, bright color and good color fastness of the dyed product, meanwhile, the dyed polyester fiber has no peculiar smell, and the pollution of the product in the dyeing process to the environment is low;
(2) The polyester fiber molecules and tributyl citrate have the same functional group of ester group, according to the similar compatibility principle, tributyl citrate has larger affinity to the polyester fiber molecules, so that the tributyl citrate can diffuse into the polyester fiber molecules earlier than a disperse dye, the tributyl citrate is combined with the polyester fiber molecules in a Van der Waals force mode after entering the polyester fiber molecules, the binding force between molecular chains in the polyester fiber is weakened (plasticization of the polyester fiber is realized), the molecular chain segments in an amorphous region are easier to move than other molecular chain segments, so that the internal structure of the polyester fiber becomes loose, the free volume of the molecular chain is increased, the vitrification temperature of the polyester fiber is further reduced (the larger the flexibility of the molecular chain is, the vitrification temperature is lower), the dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber is effectively reduced, the difficulty of dyeing the polyester fiber on the disperse dye is reduced, and the low-temperature dyeing of the polyester fiber is realized (the low-temperature dyeing means that the polyester fiber is dyed at 80-100 ℃ and the normal dyeing temperature of the polyester fiber is 120-130 ℃);
(3) The dyeing carrier has solubilization action on disperse dye, and the mechanism is that after the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the dyeing carrier are mixed, the electric repulsive force between the anionic head groups can be shielded, so that the electric repulsive force between the ionic heads of the original anionic surfactant is weakened, mixed micelles are formed in the solution, and the formation of the mixed micelles is further promoted due to the hydrophobic action between hydrocarbon chains in the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant molecules, so that the cmc value (critical micelle concentration) of the solution is reduced, and when the concentration of the compounded surfactant in the dyeing carrier is greater than the cmc value, micelles are formed in the solution; the disperse dye molecules have polar groups, so that the disperse dye is easy to combine with the surfactant, and therefore, the disperse dye molecules are easy to combine into the mixed micelle, and the surfactant has a solubilization effect on the disperse dye;
(4) The anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the dyeing carrier have higher dissolving capacity for dispersing the dye than water, so that more dye can be dissolved in the dyeing carrier, the dispersing dye can be diffused to the surface of the polyester fiber along with the dyeing carrier, a high-concentration dye layer is formed on the surface of the polyester fiber, the concentration gradient (external high concentration and internal low concentration) of the dye inside and outside the polyester fiber is improved, the diffusion power (the diffusion from the external high concentration to the internal low concentration) of the dye is further improved, the diffusion efficiency of the dispersing dye to the inside of the polyester fiber is improved, the dyeing speed of the dye is accelerated, and the color yield of the polyester fabric is improved;
(5) In the dyeing carrier, tributyl citrate, an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant have good compatibility, so that the form of a dyeing carrier mixture is relatively stable after the dyeing carrier is dispersed in a water body of a dye bath, different components in the dyeing carrier can be mutually overlapped while playing respective roles, the dyeing temperature of polyester is reduced, the solubility of disperse dye is improved, the diffusion power of the dye is improved, the speed of the dye absorbing to the polyester fiber is increased, and the dyeing efficiency and the dyeing effect of the polyester fiber are increased in multiple ways;
(6) The low-temperature dyeing method of the polyester fabric improves the dyeing efficiency of the polyester fiber by adding the novel environment-friendly dyeing carrier and the low-temperature dyeing auxiliary agent, has low process requirements, is convenient and simple to operate and has low equipment requirements, so that the production energy consumption is reduced, the reproducibility is high, the method is suitable for batch production, and the method has wide application prospect.
The following examples are provided to illustrate the effect of dyeing polyester fabric using the dyeing carrier of example one:
example 1 (without the use of a dyeing support)
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 15 parts of polyester fiber, 1 part of disperse dye, 5 parts of leveling agent, 0.1 part of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH=4.5) and 79 parts of water.
Example 2
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 15 parts of polyester fiber, 2 parts of disperse dye, 1 part of dyeing carrier, 5 parts of leveling agent, 0.3 part of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH=4.5) and 77 parts of water.
Example 3
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 15 parts of polyester fiber, 3 parts of disperse dye, 3 parts of dyeing carrier, 8 parts of leveling agent, 0.5 part of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH=4.5) and 70 parts.
Example 4
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 15 parts of polyester fiber, 4 parts of disperse dye, 5 parts of dyeing carrier, 10 parts of leveling agent, 0.8 part of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH=4.5) and 65 parts of water.
Example 5
The weight portions of the materials are as follows: 15 parts of polyester fiber, 5 parts of disperse dye, 10 parts of dyeing carrier, 15 parts of leveling agent, 1 part of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer solution (pH=4.5) and 54 parts of water.
Comparative examples 1 to 5
Methyl salicylate was used as a control staining vehicle; the dyeing carrier of example one of examples 2 to 5 was replaced with the control dyeing carrier, and the dyeing conditions and the prescribed amounts of other raw materials of comparative examples 1 to 5 were the same as those of examples 1 to 5.
Table 1: fabric K/S value test results
Figure BDA0004189859640000071
* The K/S value is an index for the dyeing depth and comprises an absorption coefficient K and a scattering coefficient S of the measured object, wherein the larger the K/S value is, the higher the dyeing depth is, and the better the dyeing effect is; the K/S value was determined in this test using a Dataco loreCS-5 spectrophotometer.
* The ratio is the K/S value of the example divided by the K/S value of the control.
Conclusion: compared with the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the dyeing carrier (containing methyl salicylate), the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the dyeing carrier provided by the invention has lower K/S value than the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the comparison dyeing carrier (containing methyl salicylate), but the ratio is larger than 0.8 (namely, the dyeing effect of the dyeing carrier and the dyeing carrier is within 20 percent), which shows that the dyeing carrier provided by the invention can obtain the dyeing promoting effect similar to that of the dyeing carrier containing methyl salicylate.
Table 2: fabric color fastness test results
Product(s) Fastness to light Fastness to washing
Example 1 (without the use of a dyeing support) 3 grade 2-3 stages
Comparative example 1 3 grade 3 grade
Example 2 3-4 grade 3 grade
Comparative example 2 Grade 4 3-4 grade
Example 3 Grade 4 3-4 grade
Comparative example 3 4-5 grade Grade 4
Example 4 4-5 grade Grade 4
Comparative example 4 Grade 5 4-5 grade
Example 5 3-4 grade 3-4 grade
Comparative example 5 3-4 grade Grade 4
* The color fastness test is carried out according to the standard GB18401-2003 national textile product basic safety technical Specification, wherein the light fastness is 1-8 grade and the washing fastness is 1-5 grade.
Conclusion: compared with the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the dyeing carrier (containing methyl salicylate), the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the dyeing carrier has the color fastness similar to that of the polyester fiber fabric dyed by the dyeing carrier (containing methyl salicylate); in addition, the color fastness is known to mean the degree of discoloration of a fabric subjected to external factors (extrusion, friction, washing with water, showering, insolation, illumination, sea water impregnation, saliva impregnation, water impregnation, perspiration, etc.), so that it is known that the fabric dyed using the dyeing carrier of the present invention has a small degree of damage, i.e., the dyeing carrier of the present invention does not damage the fabric, so that the fabric can maintain a good form after dyeing.
Variations and modifications to the above would be obvious to persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains from the foregoing description and teachings. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, but some modifications and changes of the invention should be also included in the scope of the claims of the invention. In addition, although specific terms are used in the present specification, these terms are for convenience of description only and do not limit the present invention in any way.

Claims (9)

1. The low-temperature dyeing method for the polyester fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding disperse dye, a dyeing carrier, a leveling agent and a pH buffer solution into a water body;
immersing the polyester fiber fabric into a water body;
the dyeing carrier is prepared from an anionic surfactant, a nonionic surfactant and tributyl citrate;
the weight portions of the materials are as follows: 50-80 parts of water, 3-5 parts of polyester fiber, 1-10 parts of disperse dye, 1-15 parts of dyeing carrier, 3-5 parts of leveling agent and 0.1-1 part of pH buffer solution.
2. The method for dyeing polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the dyeing carrier comprises the following steps:
compounding with anionic surfactant and nonionic surfactant, and mixing to obtain emulsifier;
adding tributyl citrate into the emulsifier, and uniformly mixing to prepare a dyeing carrier;
the weight ratio of each substance in the dyeing carrier is as follows: 60-80% of tributyl citrate, 10-25% of nonionic surfactant and 5-15% of anionic surfactant;
during mixing, the stirring equipment stirs the mixed solution for 10-30 minutes at the rotation speed of 400-600 revolutions per minute at the temperature of 40-50 ℃.
3. The method for dyeing polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the pH buffer solution is 4.5-5.0.
4. The method for dyeing the polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the disperse dye is a medium-temperature disperse dye or a low-temperature disperse dye.
5. The method for dyeing the polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the leveling agent is didodecyl methyl ammonium bromide or DDMAB or lisym PDJ.
6. The method for dyeing polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the nonionic surfactant is a polyoxyethylene ether type nonionic surfactant.
7. The method for dyeing polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is a sulfonate type anionic surfactant.
8. The low-temperature dyeing method for the polyester fabric according to claim 1, wherein after the polyester fiber fabric is immersed in a water body, the water body is heated to 100 ℃ at a heating speed of 3-5 ℃/min to dye the polyester fiber fabric, and the temperature is kept for 40-80min.
9. The method for dyeing polyester fabric at low temperature according to claim 1, further comprising: and fishing out the polyester fiber fabric from the water body, and sequentially performing washing, soaping, secondary washing and drying.
CN202310429131.0A 2023-04-20 2023-04-20 Low-temperature dyeing method for polyester fabric Pending CN116219768A (en)

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