CN116218537A

CN116218537A - Soil conditioner, preparation method and application thereof, and soil conditioning method

Info

Publication number: CN116218537A
Application number: CN202310180213.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 辛衷瑜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-11-23
Filing date: 2016-11-23
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Also published as: CN106701092A; WO2017088767A1

Abstract

The invention provides a soil conditioner, a preparation method and application thereof. Wherein the soil conditioner comprises peat soil, the content of organic matters in the peat soil is more than or equal to 50wt%, and the average grain diameter of the peat soil is 0.5-15 mu m. The activity of various polymer functional groups in the original organic matters in the peat soil is released and exerted by utilizing the peat soil with the micron-sized or finer particle size, so that positive and beneficial effects on the aggregate structure, the substance migration, the moisture retention and the like of the soil can be quickly generated, the quick supplement of trace elements can be realized, and the growth of soil microorganisms and the exertion of the efficacy of the soil organic matters are facilitated. In addition, the soil conditioner provided by the invention has the advantages of quick differentiation, complete nutrients, strong chelating force, small dosage and high efficacy after entering soil. The method has the advantages of no secondary pollution in the use process, high resource utilization rate, obvious effect and quick response in soil treatment, and has very important significance for the current soil ecological restoration construction in China.

Description

Soil conditioner, preparation method and application thereof, and soil conditioning method

The application is a divisional application of the application date 2016, 11 and 23, the application number 201611037409.6 and the invention name of soil conditioner, preparation method and application. The present application claims priority from the chinese patent office, application No. 201510808990.6, entitled "method for preparing a micropowder soil conditioner" filed 11/23/2015, and the chinese patent application filed 11/23/2015, application No. 201510808988.9, entitled "method for preparing micropowder", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a soil conditioner, a preparation method and application thereof and a soil conditioning method.

Background

Peat soil is plant matter decomposed matter, has low carbonization rate, is mainly organic matter, exists in nature for thousands of years, and has formed relatively stable internal structure.

At present, the main prior art for improving soil by using lignite, peat soil, turf and the like is to chemically extract humic acid in the lignite, peat soil, turf and the like and prepare humate and humic acid compound fertilizer. The methods have low resource utilization rate and pollution in the production process. In addition, the existing processing technology, method and equipment can only process lignite into 200-mesh particles for soil improvement, and has the advantages of large use amount, limited effect, low added value of products and narrow market application range.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a soil conditioner, a preparation method and application thereof and a soil conditioning method, so as to solve the problem that the soil conditioner in the prior art has limited soil improvement effect.

The soil conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components:

1) The natural peat soil containing more than 50% of organic matters and micropowder with particle diameter of less than 5 microns is applied to soil activity improvement.

2) Mixing natural peat soil containing more than 50% of organic matters with solid alkali, processing into micropowder with particle diameter below 5 μm, and applying to soil pH value adjustment.

3) Mixing natural peat soil containing more than 50% of organic matters with mineral substances, processing into micropowder with particle diameter below 5 μm, and applying to soil nutrient supplement.

4) The water content of the natural peat soil containing more than 50% of organic matters is 5-15%.

5) The organic matter content of the peat soil micro powder soil conditioner is more than 55%.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a soil conditioner comprising peat soil having an organic matter content of 50% by weight or more and an average particle size of 0.5 to 15. Mu.m.

Further, the average grain size of the peat soil is 8-13 μm or less than or equal to 5 μm.

Further, the content of organic matters in the peat soil is more than or equal to 55wt%, preferably the content of organic matters in the peat soil is more than or equal to 60wt%; more preferably, the content of organic matters in peat soil is more than or equal to 65wt%.

Further, the soil conditioner further comprises alkali and/or mineral, preferably the alkali content in the soil conditioner is 5wt% to 10wt%, preferably the mineral content in the soil conditioner is 0.1wt% to 5wt%.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method of preparing a soil conditioner, the method comprising: crushing peat soil with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 50wt percent to obtain crushed soil; the crushed soil is subjected to classified grinding and screening to obtain peat soil with the average grain diameter of 0.5-15 mu m.

Further, the average particle diameter of the crushed soil is less than or equal to 1mm, and the water content in the crushed soil is preferably 5-15 wt%.

Further, the step of classifying, grinding and screening the crushed soil comprises the following steps: carrying out first grinding and screening on the crushed soil to obtain soil particles with the average particle diameter of 100-500 mu m; carrying out secondary grinding and screening on the soil particles with the particle size of 100-500 mu m to obtain soil particles with the average particle size of 30-80 mu m; carrying out third grinding and screening on soil particles with the particle size of 30-80 mu m to obtain peat soil with the average particle size of 0.5-15 mu m; preferably, peat soil with an average particle size of 8-13 μm is obtained; or obtaining peat soil with average grain diameter less than or equal to 5 mu m.

Further, before classifying, grinding and sieving the crushed soil, the preparation method further comprises the step of adding alkali and/or mineral substances into the crushed soil, wherein the addition amount of the alkali is preferably based on the alkali content of 5-10wt% and the mineral substance content of 0.1-5wt% in the peat soil.

According to a third aspect of the present invention there is also provided the use of any of the above soil conditioners for soil conditioning, the use comprising conditioning of acidified hardened soil, saline alkali soil, sanded soil, stony desertified soil or heavy metal contaminated soil.

Further, applications include direct embedding of soil conditioner in soil, or preparation of soil conditioner as a solution to be sprayed on the soil surface.

The technology of the invention is characterized in that:

1. the natural peat soil in the nature is subjected to rotary cutting, crushing to a particle size of less than 1mm, and then is processed by a multi-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill, a sieve with a pore diameter of 5 mu m is used, the average particle size of the produced powder is larger than 3000 meshes, and the effect of organic polymer functional groups is fully exerted;

2. according to the acidification hardening of the soil, adding solid alkali, mixing, grinding into mixture micro powder, and adjusting the pH value and porosity of the soil;

3. if the damaged soil has the loss of nutrient elements, adding corresponding mineral substances, mixing, and grinding into mixture micro powder which can be rapidly and uniformly distributed in the soil;

4. the peat soil micro powder can be directly mixed into soil, can be dissolved in water for irrigation, and is simple to operate;

5. the organic matter content of the peat soil micro powder soil conditioner is more than 55%.

By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the activities of various polymer functional groups in the original organic matters in the peat soil are released and exerted by utilizing the peat soil with the micron-sized or finer grain size, so that positive and beneficial effects on the aggregate structure, the material migration, the moisture retention and the like of the soil can be rapidly generated. In addition, the method can also realize rapid supplement of trace elements, and is favorable for growth of soil microorganisms and exertion of the efficacy of soil organic matters. Moreover, a large number of application experiments show that the soil conditioner provided by the invention has the advantages of quick differentiation, complete nutrients, strong chelating force, small dosage and high efficacy after entering soil. The method has the advantages of no secondary pollution in the use process, high resource utilization rate, obvious effect and quick response in soil treatment, and has very important significance for the current soil ecological restoration construction in China.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.

In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a grinding drum of a ball mill according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the structure of a screen fence disposed between different grinding bins of the grinding drum of FIG. 1; and

fig. 3 shows a side view of the ball mill of fig. 1 arranged on a base.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a feed inlet; 30. a discharge port; 20. grinding a cylinder; 21. the first grinding bin, 22, the second grinding bin, 23 and the third grinding bin; 24. a screen fence;

41. a grinding cylinder driving shaft; 42. a vertical transmission arm; 43. a vertical connecting rod;

51. a horizontal drive arm; 52. a first horizontal connecting rod; 53. a second horizontal connecting rod;

50. a first motor; 40. a second motor; 60. a base.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

The term "peat soil" as used herein refers to mineralized biological remains layer having a carbonization rate of less than 10% existing in the upper layer of the coal mine, i.e., mineral humus. Wherein, the organic matter content refers to the organic matter content detected by the NY/T1976-2010 method.

As mentioned in the background art section, the soil restoration agent in the prior art has a limited restoration effect, and the problem of secondary pollution easily caused by large dosage. In order to improve the above state of the art, in a typical embodiment of the present invention, a soil conditioner is provided, which comprises peat soil having an organic matter content of 50% by weight or more and an average particle size of 0.5 to 15 μm.

The soil conditioner can fully release and exert the activity of high molecular functional groups contained in organic matters in peat soil by the peat soil containing the organic matters and controlling the average grain diameter of the peat soil within the range of 0.5-15 mu m, so that the soil conditioner can quickly play a positive role in the aspects of aggregate structure, substance migration, moisture retention and the like of soil. In addition, the soil conditioner can also realize rapid supplement of trace elements, and is beneficial to growth of soil microorganisms and exertion of the efficacy of soil organic matters. A large number of application experiments show that the soil conditioner provided by the invention has the advantages of quick differentiation, complete nutrients, strong chelating force, small dosage and high efficacy after entering soil. The method has the advantages of no secondary pollution in the use process, high resource utilization rate, obvious effect and quick response in soil treatment, and has very important significance for the current soil ecological restoration construction in China.

The main component of the soil conditioner is peat soil, and the content of the peat soil is at least 85% of the total weight of the soil conditioner. The specific content may vary somewhat depending on the nature of the soil to be conditioned. For example, 100% peat soil may be included without the need for alkaline adjustment of the soil pH. The peat soil with corresponding content can be properly reduced according to the content of other added regulating components. For example, when the soil conditioner further includes minerals and the content of the added minerals is 10% by weight of the total weight of the soil conditioner, the remaining components are peat soil (including the weight of moisture contained in peat soil).

In the soil conditioner, the average grain diameter of peat soil is controlled within the range of 0.5-15 mu m, so that the activity of high molecular functional groups in organic matters can be exerted, and the high molecular functional groups can effectively act with inorganic ions in soil, thereby improving the soil performance. From the comprehensive viewpoints of difficulty in controlling the above particle size, production cost, activity and the like of peat soil, it is preferable that the average particle size of peat soil is 8 to 13. Mu.m. In view of higher activity for soil conditioning performance, the average particle size of peat soil in the conditioner is preferably 5 μm or less.

The soil conditioner has the organic matter content of over 50wt% in peat soil. The higher the organic matter content in peat soil, the faster the conditioning performance of the conditioner on soil is correspondingly. Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the content of organic matters in the peat soil of the soil conditioner is not less than 55wt%, more preferably not less than 60wt%, from the viewpoint of the timeliness of the conditioning effect; it is further preferable that the content of organic matters in the peat soil is more than or equal to 65wt%.

In the above preferred embodiments, the soil conditioner varies slightly depending on the nature of the soil or the purpose of conditioning. In a preferred embodiment, the soil conditioner further comprises a base, wherein the content of the base in the soil conditioner is 5wt% to 10wt%. In another preferred embodiment, the soil conditioner further comprises minerals, wherein the content of the minerals in the soil conditioner is 0.1wt% to 5wt%. The soil conditioner containing the alkali can improve the performance of acidified soil, and the soil conditioner containing the mineral substances can supplement microelements required by the soil and improve the nutritional performance of the soil.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing a soil conditioner, the method comprising: crushing peat soil with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 50wt percent to obtain crushed soil; and (3) classifying, grinding and screening the crushed soil to obtain peat soil with the average grain diameter less than or equal to 5 mu m. The method comprises the steps of carrying out preliminary crushing on peat soil with the organic matter content to achieve the subsequent grinding size, and then carrying out classified grinding and screening to finally obtain peat soil with the average grain diameter of 0.5-15 mu m. The natural peat soil is ground and sieved step by a grading grinding and sieving method, so that the activity of high molecular functional groups in organic matters is released or activated, and the conditioning activity of the prepared soil conditioner on soil is improved.

In the step of crushing the peat soil with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 50wt% to obtain crushed soil, any peat soil can be crushed to a grade that can be ground by subsequent grinding equipment. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, peat soil is subjected to rotary cutting in a drum, air with the temperature of 30-85 ℃ is blown in during the rotary cutting, the peat soil is crushed until the average grain diameter is less than or equal to 1mm, and the water content in the crushed soil is preferably 5-15 wt%.

The specific implementation modes of the graded grinding are various, the prior grinding equipment can be adopted to grind peat soil each time, the prior screening equipment is utilized to screen grinding components with proper grain sizes, and then the next grinding and screening are carried out until the grain sizes of the obtained peat soil meet the requirements. The specific classified grinding and screening method can be an impact mill, a Raymond mill or a closed-loop circulating grinding system formed by combining an air flow mill with an existing air flow classifier. The air classifier is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the powder particle size is controlled by adjusting the power and frequency of the variable frequency motor. The step of classifying, grinding and screening the crushed soil can determine the grinding times according to actual needs.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of classifying grinding and sieving comprises: carrying out first grinding and screening on the crushed soil to obtain soil particles with the average particle diameter of 100-500 mu m; carrying out secondary grinding and screening on the soil particles with the particle size of 100-500 mu m to obtain soil particles with the average particle size of 30-80 mu m; carrying out third grinding and screening on soil particles with the particle size of 30-80 mu m to obtain peat soil with the average particle size of 0.5-15 mu m; preferably, peat soil with an average particle size of 8-13 μm is obtained; or obtaining peat soil with average grain diameter less than or equal to 5 mu m. And through three grinding and screening steps, the screening granularity is reduced step by step, and then the peat soil with high activity is obtained.

The method for grinding and screening for three times can be realized by adopting the existing grinding equipment and screening equipment to be matched, and can also be realized by modifying the existing grinding equipment. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the above-mentioned classifying grinding and sieving is carried out using an improved grinding device. As shown in fig. 1, the grinding apparatus is a ball mill, and a grinding drum 20 of the ball mill is divided into three grinding chambers, a first grinding chamber 21, a second grinding chamber 22 and a third grinding chamber 23, by three screen fences 24 (shown in fig. 1 and 2) of different apertures respectively provided in a direction perpendicular to a grinding drum axis. The apertures of the screening fences 24 are respectively 100-500 mu m, 30-80 mu m and 5-12 mu m in the direction from the feed inlet 10 to the discharge outlet 30. The powder in the three grinding bins is sieved by using the above pore diameters, and the diameter of the grinding balls used for grinding in each grinding bin is not particularly limited as long as the above sieving requirements can be satisfied. More preferably, the three grinding bins are respectively ground by grinding balls with diameters of 15-30 mm, 10-15 mm and 3-10 mm. The powder is tapered by varying the size and number of the ball diameters. The pore size of the screen bars 24 is such that the particle size of the powder corresponds to the size and number of grinding balls to achieve a corresponding grinding effect. The inner wall of the grinding cylinder and the grinding ball are made of impact-resistant, corrosion-resistant and heat-conducting materials, so that the temperature control effect and the service life can be achieved.

More preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the whole grinding drum 20 is fixed at one end of the horizontal transmission arm 51 through a first horizontal connecting shaft rod 52 and a second horizontal connecting shaft rod 53, the other end of the horizontal transmission arm 51 is driven by a first motor 50 to vibrate left and right, the vertical transmission arm 42 is connected with the grinding drum driving shafts 41 of the two grinding drums through a vertical connecting shaft rod 43, and the grinding drum driving shafts 41 slide along grooves formed in connecting rods connected with the grinding drum driving shafts 41 and move up and down along the grooves under the driving of the second motor 40, so as to form the controllable variable track vibration mill.

Two identical controllable orbital transfer vibration mills utilize a center point to connect the arm of force of horizontal direction (first horizontal connecting shaft 52 and second horizontal connecting shaft 53), make two grinding drums horizontal direction symmetry operation, balanced placing on base 60.

The vibration frequency of the force arm in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction is 10-60 Hz, the amplitude is 5-38 cm, and the vibration frequency is regulated by the power of the variable frequency motor.

Placing grinding balls with different diameters from large to small and filtering screens with different meshes in three grinding chambers from an inlet to an outlet of a material; the material outlet screen is 1340-3000 meshes, and the average grain diameter of the ground material product is less than 10 microns.

In the above-mentioned production methods, there are some differences in the production methods depending on the slight difference in the action of the soil conditioner to be produced before classifying, grinding and screening the crushed soil. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above preparation method further comprises a step of adding alkali and/or mineral to the crushed soil before classifying, grinding and sieving the crushed soil, preferably the alkali and/or mineral is added in an amount of 5wt% to 10wt% and/or mineral is added in an amount of 0.1wt% to 5wt% based on the alkali content of the peat soil. The alkali with the content can be added to prepare the regulator for regulating the acidified soil, and the mineral with the content can be added to prepare the regulator for supplementing the nutrient components of the soil. The two components can be added to prepare the soil conditioner which can regulate the acidified soil and supplement the nutrient components of the soil.

In a typical embodiment of the invention there is also provided the use of a soil conditioner in soil conditioning, the use comprising conditioning of acidified hardened soil, saline alkali soil, sanded soil, stony desertified soil or heavy metal contaminated soil.

The soil conditioning means of the soil conditioner of the present invention is slightly different depending on the nature of the soil. In the present invention, the conditioning means includes, but is not limited to, directly embedding the soil conditioner in the soil or preparing the soil conditioner as a solution to be sprayed on the soil surface.

The advantageous effects of the present invention will be further described below in connection with specific examples.

Example 1

The natural peat soil (the organic matter content is 50 wt%) is rotary-cut in a drum to obtain peat soil with the grain size of 900 micrometers, in the course of rotary-cut, wind with the temperature below 65 ℃ is blown in to make the water content reach 15%, and the peat soil is conveyed to a storage bin through a normal-temperature pipeline, and uniformly mixed with alkali (NaOH) which is 6% of the total weight of the prepared soil conditioner, and is conveyed to an inlet of a three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill through a downward pipeline. The three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill grinds under the vibration conditions that the vibration frequency in the horizontal direction is 50Hz, the vibration amplitude is 30cm, the vibration frequency in the vertical direction is 20Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 10cm, and the powder output per hour is 300kg.

Wherein, the diameters of grinding balls used by three grinding bins in the three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill are respectively 15mm, 10mm and 3mm, and the apertures of three-stage screening fences are respectively 100 mu m,30 mu m and 5 mu m.

The particle size of the obtained powder was measured by a dry particle sizer to obtain an average particle size of 4. Mu.m.

Example 2

The natural peat soil (the organic matter content is 55 wt%) is rotary-cut in a drum to obtain peat soil with the grain size of 950 micrometers, in the course of rotary-cut, wind with the temperature below 55 ℃ is blown in to make the water content reach 5%, and the peat soil is transferred to a storage bin through a normal-temperature pipeline, and uniformly mixed with alkali (CaO and NaOH) which is 7% of the total weight of the prepared soil conditioner, and naturally falls down through a downward pipeline and is transferred to the inlet of a three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill. The three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill grinds under the vibration conditions that the vibration frequency in the horizontal direction is 40Hz, the vibration amplitude is 20cm, the vibration frequency in the vertical direction is 40Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 20cm, and 500kg of powder is produced per hour.

Wherein, the diameters of grinding balls used by three grinding bins in the three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill are respectively 30mm, 15mm and 10mm, and the apertures of three-stage screening fences are respectively 500 mu m, 80 mu m and 20 mu m.

The particle size of the obtained powder was measured by a dry particle size analyzer method to obtain an average particle size of 13. Mu.m.

Example 3

The natural peat soil (the organic matter content is 60 wt%) is rotary-cut in a drum to obtain peat soil with grain size of 890 micrometers, in the course of rotary-cut, wind with temperature below 85 deg.C is blown in to make water content be 10%, and the peat soil is transferred into a storage bin by means of normal-temp. pipeline, uniformly mixed with alkali (KOH) whose total weight is 5% of total weight of prepared soil conditioner, and passed through a downward pipeline, naturally fallen and transferred into the inlet of three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill. The three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill grinds under the vibration conditions that the vibration frequency in the horizontal direction is 60Hz, the vibration amplitude is 38cm, the vibration frequency in the vertical direction is 10Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 10cm, and the powder output per hour is 450kg.

Wherein, the diameters of grinding balls used by three grinding bins in the three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill are 18mm, 12mm and 6mm respectively, and the apertures of three-stage screening fences are 180 mu m, 40 mu m and 6 mu m respectively.

The particle size of the obtained powder was measured by a dry particle size analyzer method to obtain an average particle size of 5. Mu.m.

Example 4

The natural peat soil (with 88wt% of organic matter) is subjected to rotary cutting in a barrel to obtain peat soil with the particle size of 800 mu m, wind with the temperature below 75 ℃ is blown in the rotary cutting process to enable the water content to reach 8%, the peat soil is conveyed to a storage bin through a normal-temperature pipeline, alkali (KOH) accounting for 5% of the total mass of the prepared soil conditioner and selenium soil (with 0.5wt% of selenium) accounting for 2wt% are evenly mixed, and the peat soil is naturally dropped through a downward pipeline and is conveyed to an inlet of a three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill. The three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill grinds under the vibration conditions that the vibration frequency in the horizontal direction is 30Hz, the vibration amplitude is 18cm, the vibration frequency in the vertical direction is 20Hz, and the vibration amplitude is 15cm, and the powder output per hour is 300kg.

Wherein, the diameters of grinding balls used by three grinding bins in the three-stage controllable orbital transfer ball mill are respectively 15mm, 13mm and 5mm, and the apertures of three-stage screening fences are respectively 150 mu m, 60 mu m and 4 mu m.

By adopting a closed use method of an impact mill and an air classifier, the average particle size of 9 mu m can be obtained by controlling the power of the air classifier and detecting the particle size of the obtained powder.

Example 5

Natural mineral peat soil with the organic matter content of 79 percent is crushed to the grain size of 2mm by a common crusher after sand removal, is air-dried at the temperature of 75 ℃ to lead the water content to reach 10 percent, is sent into an impact mill feed inlet, is graded by an air flow grader and then is output to a finished product outlet, and the obtained powder is detected, thus obtaining the mineral humic powder with the average grain size of 9 mu m. The power of the impact mill is regulated to 60KW, the power of the air classifier is regulated to 25KW, and 900kg of powder is discharged per hour.

The particle size of the obtained powder was measured by a dry particle size analyzer method to obtain an average particle size of 9. Mu.m.

Example 6

NaOH and KOH are added into peat soil containing 60% of organic matters to form a mixture, wherein the addition amount of NaOH is 3% of the weight of the mixture, and the addition amount of KOH is 5% of the weight of the mixture. The mixture is ground and sieved in two stages, and is processed into soil conditioner with average grain size of 5 μm, 80% of 3000 meshes and pH value of 8.5.

The treatment target is that the PH value of Guangdong plum state is 5.3, the organic matter content is 1.15 percent, and the severely acidified hardened land is 1000 square meters.

Pouring 30kg of the soil conditioner into a water tank with the pH value of 8.5 and the 5 cubic meters Cheng Manshui, uniformly pouring the soil conditioner onto the soil surface after stirring, loosening the soil after half an hour, taking 1kg of soil from the ground to 35cm, adding 50kg of water, testing the soil pH value to 6.5, testing the soil organic matter content to 1.85% after three months, testing the soil conductivity to 450 mu s/cm, and obviously improving the soil state.

Example 7

KOH was added to peat soil containing 65% organic matter to form a mixture, wherein the amount of KOH added was 3% by weight of the mixture. The mixture was ground and sieved in three stages to give a soil conditioner having an average particle size of 5 μm and a pH of 7.2.

The treatment target is that the PH value is 8.6, the salt content is 2.4 percent, and the severe saline-alkali soil is 30 mu.

The 10 ton water-carrying quantity sprinkler is used, 50kg of the soil conditioner is added each time, 200 tons of water are used for the total, and 1 ton of the soil conditioner is used. After 24 hours, 30cm of soil was taken and the pH was measured at 7.5. The corn is planted in 20 mu, the emergence rate is more than 81%, the survival rate is 95%, the survival rate of other crops in 10 mu is more than 70%, and the survival rate is 93%. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil is improved by 17.3 times, and the conductivity of the tested soil is 397 mu s/cm.

Example 8

The treatment target is 20 mu of desertification land with the desertification thickness larger than 30cm and the organic matter content of 1.3 percent.

The soil conditioner of example 7 was used in an amount of 600Kg in the same manner as the above, for a Cangzhou Miao farm, 10 acres of celery was planted, 21823 jin of lettuce was planted, and 10 acres of lettuce was planted, and 31252 jin of celery was planted. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil was 2.1%, and the conductivity of the assayed soil was 400. Mu.s/cm.

Example 9

KOH was added to peat soil containing 75% organic material to form a mixture, wherein the amount of KOH added was 3% of the total weight of the mixture. Crushing the mixture to 1mm or less, and then adopting three-stage grinding and screening to obtain the soil conditioner with average grain diameter of 5 mu m, more than 3000 meshes and 70% and pH value of 7.2.

The treatment targets are as follows: the average thickness of soil on the rock of the Yunnan rock-melting basin is less than 8.2cm, and the organic matter content of the soil is less than 10 mu of the soil with 1.5 percent.

The dosage of the soil conditioner is 600Kg, and the usage is the same as that of the soil conditioner, and the cultivated radishes and pumpkins are 5 mu each. Radish yield 6350 jin and pumpkin yield 12665 jin. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil was 15%, the average soil thickness was 11cm, and the conductivity of the assayed soil was 366. Mu.s/cm.

Example 10

KOH and mineral substances are added into peat soil containing 70% of organic matters to form a mixture, wherein the addition amount of KOH is 5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the addition amount of mineral substances is 2.0% of the total weight of the mixture. The mixture was crushed to 1mm or less and then subjected to three-stage grinding and sieving to obtain a soil conditioner having an average particle diameter of 15 μm and a pH of 7.2.

The treatment targets are as follows: the average thickness of soil on the rock of the Yunnan rock-melting basin is less than 8.2cm, and the organic matter content of the soil is less than 10 mu of the soil with 1.8 percent.

The dosage of the soil conditioner is 600Kg, and the usage is the same as that of the soil conditioner, and the cultivated radishes and pumpkins are 5 mu each. The yield of the radish is 6380 jin and the yield of the pumpkin is 12668 jin. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil was 2.2%, the average soil thickness was 13cm, and the conductivity of the assayed soil was 350. Mu.s/cm.

Example 11

KOH and mineral substances are added into peat soil containing 70% of organic matters to form a mixture, wherein the addition amount of KOH is 5% of the total weight of the mixture, and the addition amount of mineral substances is 2.0% of the total weight of the mixture. The mixture was crushed to 1mm or less and then subjected to three-stage grinding and sieving to obtain a soil conditioner having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm and a pH of 7.0.

The treatment targets are as follows: the average thickness of soil on the rock of the Yunnan rock-melting basin is less than 8.2cm, and the organic matter content of the soil is less than 10 mu of the soil with 1.9 percent.

The dosage of the soil conditioner is 600Kg, and the usage is the same as that of the soil conditioner, and the cultivated radishes and pumpkins are 5 mu each. The yield of the radish is 6450 jin and the yield of the pumpkin is 12692 jin. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil was 2.2%, the average soil thickness was 15cm, and the conductivity of the assayed soil was 320. Mu.s/cm.

Comparative example 1

Adding NaOH and KOH into peat soil containing 60% of organic matters to form a mixture, wherein the adding amount of NaOH is 3% of the weight of the mixture, the adding amount of KOH is 5% of the weight of the mixture, and mixing to obtain the soil restoration agent with the pH value of 9.2.

Pouring 30kg of the soil restoration agent into a water tank of 5 cubic meters Cheng Manshui, uniformly irrigating the soil surface after stirring at a pH value of 9.2, loosening the soil within 24 hours, taking 1kg of soil from the ground to 35cm, adding 50kg of water, testing the soil at a pH value of 5.7, and after three months, ensuring that the organic matter content of the soil is 1.2%, the conductivity of the tested soil is 750 mu s/cm, and improving the soil acidification state is not obvious.

Comparative example 2

The soil restoration agent with the average grain diameter of 74 mu m (200 meshes) and the PH value of 6.3 is processed in peat soil with 65 percent of organic matters.

1 ton of the soil restoration agent is uniformly scattered on the surface of the severe saline-alkali soil. After 24 hours, 30cm of soil was taken and pH 8.4 was measured. The corn is planted for 20 mu, the emergence rate is 30%, the survival rate is 5%, the survival rate is 3% for other crops of 10 mu. After three months, the organic matter content of the soil is improved by 0.3 times, and the conductivity of the tested soil is 1100 mu s/cm.

From the above-described effects of examples 6 to 11 and comparative examples 1 and 2 on soil improvement, although the conventional soil restoration agents also have a certain effect on soil conditioning, since the peat soil containing organic matters has a relatively large particle size, the organic matters in peat soil exist as organic polymer matters, and the functional groups having activity are not sufficiently released and exerted, and thus the effects on soil improvement are inferior to those of examples 6 to 11.

Among them, from the comparison of example 6 and comparative example 1, the peat soil of comparative example 1 was not ground, and thus the particles were large, and the pH of the soil restoration agent formed by mixing with alkali was high, and thus the pH adjustment effect on the heavily acidified soil was the same as in example 6, but the organic matter existing in the polymer of comparative example 1 was difficult to react with the inorganic ions in the soil, and thus the conductivity of the acidified soil was also difficult to improve. The higher the conductivity, the higher the inorganic ion content in the soil; and the lower the conductivity, the inorganic ions in the improved soil are combined by organic molecules.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects: the peat soil is processed into micron-sized or finer peat soil after being subjected to low-temperature drying pretreatment by a multistage grinding and sieving method, so that the peat soil has extremely strong activity, various polymer functional groups in the original organic matters are kept active, positive and beneficial effects on the aggregate structure, material migration, moisture retention and the like of the soil can be rapidly generated, trace elements can be rapidly supplemented, and the microbial growth of the soil and the exertion of the efficacy of the organic matters of the soil are facilitated. Moreover, a large amount of application experiments show that the superfine peat soil mixture has the advantages of rapid differentiation, complete nutrients, strong chelating force, small dosage and high efficacy after entering soil. The method has the advantages of no secondary pollution in the use process, high resource utilization rate, obvious effect and quick response in soil treatment, and has very important significance for the current soil ecological restoration construction in China.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner comprising the following components: peat soil, alkali and minerals; the peat soil is a mineralized biological remains layer with the carbonization rate of lower than 10% on the upper layer of the coal mine; the content of organic matters in the peat soil is more than or equal to 50wt%; the content of the alkali in the soil conditioner is 5-10wt%; the content of the mineral matters in the soil conditioner is 0.1-5 wt%.

2. The soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein the peat soil has an average particle size of 0.5 to 15 μm.

3. The method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 2, comprising the steps of:

crushing peat soil with the organic matter content of more than or equal to 50wt percent to obtain crushed soil;

mixing the crushed soil, alkali and mineral substances to obtain a mixture;

and (3) carrying out classified grinding and screening on the mixture to obtain the soil conditioner with the average particle size of 0.5-15 mu m.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the average particle diameter of the crushed soil is not more than 1mm, and the water content in the crushed soil is 5wt% to 15wt%.

5. A method of preparing as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step of classifying, grinding and sieving the mixture comprises:

carrying out primary grinding and screening on the mixture to obtain soil particles with the average particle size of 100-500 mu m;

carrying out secondary grinding and screening on the soil particles with the particle size of 100-500 mu m to obtain soil particles with the average particle size of 30-80 mu m;

and carrying out third grinding and screening on the soil particles with the particle size of 30-80 mu m to obtain peat soil with the average particle size of 0.5-15 mu m.

6. The method according to claim 3, wherein the alkali is added in an amount of 5 to 10wt% based on the alkali content of the peat soil and 0.1 to 5wt% based on the mineral content.

7. The use of the soil conditioner of claim 1 or the soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 3 to 6 in soil conditioning, characterized in that the use comprises conditioning of acidified hardened soil, saline-alkali soil, sanded soil, stony desertification soil or heavy metal contaminated soil.

8. A method of soil conditioning comprising the steps of: mixing the soil conditioner with soil or dissolving 100-300 times of water in the soil, and sprinkling the mixture on the surface of the soil; the soil conditioner is the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 2 or the soil conditioner prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 3 to 6.