CN116203693A - Thermal compensation optical reference cavity - Google Patents
Thermal compensation optical reference cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN116203693A CN116203693A CN202211586496.6A CN202211586496A CN116203693A CN 116203693 A CN116203693 A CN 116203693A CN 202211586496 A CN202211586496 A CN 202211586496A CN 116203693 A CN116203693 A CN 116203693A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/181—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a thermal compensation optical reference cavity, the reference cavity includes: the cavity comprises a light-passing hole penetrating through the cavity and an air hole penetrating through the cavity into the light-passing hole; the two compensation lantern rings are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity and are combined and fixed with the cavity; the compensating lantern ring comprises a cavity mirror, and the cavity mirror is coaxial with the light through hole and communicated with the light through hole. The structure design of the invention is applied to the short optical reference cavity, has strong compensation capability and simple temperature control, and simultaneously has higher precision after processing or installation, reduces the sensitivity to external vibration and is more convenient to install or fix.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of optical reference cavity thermal compensation technology, and more particularly, to a thermal compensation optical reference cavity.
Background
The ultra-stable narrow linewidth laser has extremely high frequency stability and extremely high time coherence, and has important application value in the fields such as optical frequency standard, low phase noise microwave signal generation, optical frequency transmission based on optical fibers, gravitational wave detection, relativity verification, measurement of basic physical constants, high-precision spectrum and quantum measurement, quantum information science and the like. The structure and support design of the optical reference cavity as a frequency reference in an ultra-stable narrow linewidth laser system are limited, and the system has huge volume and is not portable, can be used in a laboratory, and limits the development of the system in engineering application. The miniaturized and portable optical reference cavity design can lead the application of the ultra-stable laser system not to be limited by time and space, and has great value for promoting the development of the related fields and the exploration of the application fields.
At present, a miniaturized and portable optical reference cavity is usually made of ultra-low thermal expansion rate (ULE) material serving as a cavity, and is made into a spherical or square structure, and two reflectors which are coated with a high-reflection film are coated on two sides of the optical cement and take ULE or fused quartz (FS) material as a cavity mirror serving as a substrate. For the structural design of spherical and square cavities, the positions of fixed clamping points and the directions of applied forces are required to be strictly aligned during installation, so that each force is strictly directed to the geometric center of the cavity, the sensitivity of the length of the optical reference cavity to external vibration is also deteriorated by small errors, and the errors are limited by the machining precision and the installation precision. Because the thermal expansion coefficients of the FS material and the ULE material are greatly different, the sensitivity of the length of the optical reference cavity to thermal fluctuation at normal temperature is increased, and the reflector is bent under the action of heat, so that the equivalent zero expansion temperature point of the optical reference cavity is greatly reduced, and the difficulty of temperature control is increased. Aiming at the thermal mismatch among different materials, a sandwich structure is generally adopted, namely, an annular compensation ring with a certain thickness is attached to the other side of the FS mirror; or a reverse embedded structure, namely, an annular compensation ring is attached to two sides of the cavity, and the cavity mirror is attached to the compensation ring in the light passing hole. The former has limited compensation capability, and it is difficult to adjust the zero expansion temperature point of the optical reference cavity to room temperature; the latter applies only to long cavities.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a thermally compensated optical reference cavity to solve the problems of poor structural compensation capability, difficult temperature control, sensitivity to external vibration and large volume of an optical reference cavity due to low mounting or machining accuracy, which are caused by the fact that a short optical reference cavity composed of different materials is sensitive to temperature fluctuation.
In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:
the present application provides a thermally compensated optical reference cavity, the reference cavity comprising:
the cavity comprises a light-passing hole penetrating through the cavity and an air hole penetrating through the cavity into the light-passing hole;
the two compensation lantern rings are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity and are combined and fixed with the cavity;
the compensating lantern ring comprises a cavity mirror, and the cavity mirror is coaxial with the light through hole and communicated with the light through hole.
Optionally, the compensation collar comprises:
the side ring is fixed by combining one side end face with the cavity and comprises a through hole coaxially communicated with the light through hole;
the cover ring is combined and fixed with the other end face of the side ring and comprises a central hole, and the central hole is coaxially communicated with the light through hole and the through hole;
the endoscope is disposed on an end face of the cover ring near the side ring.
Optionally, the endoscope is located in the through hole of the side ring.
Optionally, the reference cavity further comprises an annular gap formed between the endoscope and the inner wall of the side ring.
Optionally, annular grooves formed at the edges of the light passing holes are respectively formed on the end surfaces of the two sides of the cavity, and rubber rings are arranged in the annular grooves.
Optionally, the cavity is made of glass, the cover ring is made of glass, and the side ring is made of fused quartz.
Optionally, the end face of the cavity has a diameter of 60mm and an axial length of 30mm.
Alternatively, the outer and inner diameters of the side rings are 24.7mm and 14.7mm, respectively, the diameter of the endoscope is 12.7mm, and the outer and inner diameters of the cover rings are 24.7mm and 6mm, respectively.
Optionally, the thickness of the side ring is 6mm as that of the cavity mirror, and the thickness of the cover ring is 2mm.
Optionally, the annular groove has a diameter of 52.9mm.
The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:
in contrast to the prior art technique of the prior art,
according to the optical reference cavity temperature control device, the compensation lantern rings are arranged on the two sides of the cavity, the structural size of each structure of the compensation lantern rings is finely arranged, when the cavity mirror is influenced by the external temperature and deforms in the structural size, good compensation capacity can still be kept, the optical reference cavity can work normally at room temperature, and the difficulty in controlling the temperature of the optical reference cavity is reduced.
The structural design of the optical reference cavity realizes miniaturization and portability of the optical reference cavity, and the processing and installation precision is high and high, so that the problem that the optical reference cavity is sensitive to external vibration due to low installation or processing precision is avoided.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 illustrates an exploded view of the overall structure of an optical reference cavity in one embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of the overall structure of an optical reference cavity in one embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic side view of an optical reference cavity in one embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description of the present application and simplification of the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It should also be noted that in the description of the present application, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
To solve the problems in the prior art, one embodiment of the present application provides an optical reference cavity with good thermal compensation capability, as shown in fig. 1-3, the reference cavity comprising: the cavity 1, the cavity 1 includes a light passing hole 11 penetrating the cavity 1, and an air hole 12 penetrating the cavity 1 into the light passing hole 11. Two compensating lantern rings are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity 1 and are combined and fixed with the cavity 1; the compensation lantern ring comprises a cavity mirror 3, the cavity mirror 3 is coaxial with the light through hole 11, and the compensation lantern ring is communicated with the light through hole 11.
The compensation collar includes: a side ring 2 and a cover ring 4.
The side ring 2 is fixed with the cavity 1 by the optical cement on one side end face, and the side ring 2 comprises a through hole 21 coaxially communicated with the light through hole 11.
The cover ring 4 is fixed with the photoresist on the other end face of the side ring 2, the cover ring 4 comprises a central hole 41, and the central hole 41 is coaxially communicated with the light through hole 11 and the through hole 21; the cavity mirror 3 is located in the through hole 21 of the side ring 2 and is configured on the end face of the cover ring 4 close to the side ring 2, the cavity mirror 3 is made of fused quartz FS material, and compared with the cavity mirror 3 made of ULE material, the thermal noise limit of the optical reference cavity can be reduced by about 3 times.
The reference cavity further comprises an annular gap formed between the cavity mirror 3 and the inner wall of the side ring 2, and the annular gap ensures that the cavity mirror 3 is prevented from being interfered by the side ring 2 when being deformed, the normal work of the cavity mirror 3 is affected, and the optical cement difficulty of the cover ring 4 and the side ring 2 is reduced.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the cavity 1 is designed into a cylindrical structure, the diameter of the end face of the cavity 1 is 60mm, the axial length is 30mm, the annular groove 5 and the light-transmitting hole 11 are coaxially arranged, and the O-shaped ring is fixed in the annular groove 5. Compared with the structural design of the spherical and square cavity 1 in the prior art, the optical reference cavity adopts a cylindrical structure, and meanwhile, the O-shaped rings are arranged on the end faces of the two sides of the cavity, so that the positions of the fixed clamping points of the optical reference cavity are aligned more easily during installation, the force in the direction of each applied force is guaranteed to be strictly directed to the geometric center of the cavity 1, the sensitivity of the optical reference cavity to external vibration is reduced, and meanwhile, the optical reference cavity is miniaturized and is more convenient to carry.
In a specific embodiment, the design effect of the compensation collar is better when the axial length of the cavity 1 is less than or equal to 10 mm.
The cavity 1 and the cover ring 4 are made of glass, specifically, the glass materials of the cavity 1 and the cover ring 4 are ULE materials with ultralow thermal expansion rate, the ULE materials are made of quartz doped titanium, the materials of the side ring 2 and the cavity mirror 3 are fused quartz FS, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the side ring 2 are 24.7mm and 14.7mm respectively, the diameter of the cavity mirror 3 is 12.7mm, the thicknesses of the side ring 2 and the cavity mirror 3 are the same as 6mm, the side ring 2 and the cavity mirror 3 are made of the same material and are set to the same thickness, when the cavity mirror 3 deforms in the direction of the optical axis of the light passing hole 11 due to the external temperature, the side ring 2 also deforms in the optical axis of the light passing hole 11, so that the deformation of the cavity mirror 3 is compensated, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the cover ring 4 are 24.7mm and 6mm respectively, the thicknesses of the cover ring 4 and the cavity mirror 3 are fixed by the end face photoresist of the cavity mirror 1, the cover ring 4 can compensate the part of the cavity mirror 3, which is close to the cover ring 4, the cavity mirror 1 occurs in the radial direction, the working difficulty of the optical environment is reduced by designing the optical ring 3, and the working environment is controlled by the optical ring.
In a specific embodiment, when the optical reference cavity is processed, firstly, a through light through hole 11 with the diameter slightly larger than that of the cavity mirror 3 is punched in the center of two bottom surfaces of the cylindrical cavity 1, and the direct direction of the specific light through hole 11 is 14mm; a through air hole 12 with the diameter of 4mm and vertical to the axis of the light-passing hole 11 is formed in the center of the side surface of the cylindrical cavity 1, the symmetry axis of the air hole 12 vertically bisects the symmetry axis of the light-passing hole 11, and the air hole 12 is used for extracting air in the cavity to realize vacuum extraction in the cavity; a mirror of standard FS lens base product with a diameter of 12.7mm and a thickness of 6mm on the glue on both sides of the cavity 1 and a compensating collar consisting of a side ring 2 of FS material and a cover ring 4 of ULE material. The cavity mirrors 3 are respectively arranged in the compensation lantern rings, one surfaces of the two cavity mirrors 3 are plane mirrors, the other surfaces of the two cavity mirrors 3 are concave mirrors, the mirror surfaces of the reflecting mirrors facing to one side of the cavity body 1 are plated with high-reflectivity dielectric films, and the other sides of the reflecting mirrors are plated with high-permeability films.
A circle with the diameter of 52.9mm is drawn on the two bottom surfaces of the cavity 1 by taking the center of the bottom surface as the circle center, and then an annular groove 5 with the diameter of 2mm and the depth of 0.8mm is dug by taking the circle as a lead wire for positioning and fixing the fluororubber O-shaped ring. By applying pressure to the O-shaped ring along the axial direction to fix the optical reference cavity, the annular groove can provide supporting force except friction force in the radial direction, so that the fixation of the cavity body 1 in the moving process is ensured, and meanwhile, the positioning and mounting difficulty of the optical reference cavity is reduced.
Furthermore, when calculating the sizes of all the components of the optical reference cavity, firstly, according to the characteristic parameters of the existing batch materials, the thickness and the inner diameter of the cover ring 4 and the thickness of the side ring 2 of the compensation sleeve ring are calculated in a simulation mode by utilizing finite element analysis software, so that the equivalent zero expansion temperature point of the optical reference cavity is slightly higher than the room temperature, and then, the size of the O-shaped ring is calculated in a simulation mode by utilizing the finite element analysis software, and the deformation of the cavity mirror 3 is minimum under the action of extrusion force.
The cover ring 4 of the optical reference cavity is made of ULE material, and diffraction loss during laser incidence and reflection and deformation at interfaces of different materials can be avoided when the inner diameter of the cover ring 4 is ensured to be larger than 5 mm. The cover ring 4 is firstly in optical cement with the FS endoscope 3, then in optical cement with the side ring 2 of the FS material, and an annular gap exists between the compensation lantern ring and the endoscope 3, so that the difficulty of optical cement is reduced. And then the optical cement compensating lantern ring and the cavity mirror 3 are optical cement together with the cavity 1, and only the side ring 2 is rigidly connected with the cavity 1.
Finally, the optical reference cavity is arranged on a fixing structure of the optical reference cavity, and the O-shaped ring is clamped through the fixing structure, so that the optical reference cavity is fixed, and in order to reduce the sensitivity of the optical reference cavity to external vibration, after the optical reference cavity is arranged, the O-shaped ring needs to ensure that the O-shaped ring applies extrusion force parallel to the optical axis in the light-transmitting hole 11 to the cavity body 1.
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are provided merely for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications may be made therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A thermally compensated optical reference cavity, the reference cavity comprising:
the cavity comprises a light-passing hole penetrating through the cavity and an air hole penetrating through the cavity into the light-passing hole;
the two compensation lantern rings are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity and are combined and fixed with the cavity;
the compensating lantern ring comprises a cavity mirror, and the cavity mirror is coaxial with the light through hole and communicated with the light through hole.
2. The reference cavity of claim 1, wherein the compensation collar comprises:
the side ring is fixed by combining one side end face with the cavity and comprises a through hole coaxially communicated with the light through hole;
the cover ring is combined and fixed with the other end face of the side ring and comprises a central hole, and the central hole is coaxially communicated with the light through hole and the through hole;
the endoscope is disposed on an end face of the cover ring near the side ring.
3. The reference cavity of claim 1, wherein the cavity mirror is located within a through hole of the side ring.
4. The reference cavity of claim 3, further comprising an annular gap formed between the endoscope and the inner wall of the side ring.
5. The reference cavity according to claim 1, wherein the cavity body comprises annular grooves formed at the edges of the light passing holes on two side end surfaces, and rubber rings are arranged in the annular grooves.
6. The reference chamber of claim 2, wherein the chamber body is glass, the cover ring is glass, and the side ring is fused silica.
7. The reference cavity of claim 1, wherein the cavity has an end face diameter of 60mm and an axial length of 30mm.
8. The reference cavity of claim 2, wherein the outer and inner diameters of the side rings are 24.7mm and 14.7mm, respectively, the diameter of the endoscope is 12.7mm, and the outer and inner diameters of the cover rings are 24.7mm and 6mm, respectively.
9. The reference cavity of claim 2, wherein the side rings are 6mm thick and the cover ring is 2mm thick.
10. The reference chamber of claim 5, wherein the annular groove has a diameter of 52.9mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211586496.6A CN116203693A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Thermal compensation optical reference cavity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211586496.6A CN116203693A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Thermal compensation optical reference cavity |
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| CN116203693A true CN116203693A (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| CN202211586496.6A Pending CN116203693A (en) | 2022-12-09 | 2022-12-09 | Thermal compensation optical reference cavity |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117977362A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Ceramic cavity composite optical cavity |
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2022
- 2022-12-09 CN CN202211586496.6A patent/CN116203693A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117977362A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Ceramic cavity composite optical cavity |
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