CN116200697B - 一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法 - Google Patents
一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
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- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/24—Nitriding
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- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/54—Carbo-nitriding
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Abstract
本发明涉及铝合金处理技术领域，具体涉及一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，在幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层，以使幕墙工程颜色外观一致，并且减少尼龙或者橡胶垫片等材料在幕墙工程中的使用，电弧喷涂效率高、成本低，热喷涂铝层状结构，塑性态金属颗粒不断打击到工件表面成为片状所致，无数个片状颗粒的沉积靠抛锚效应相互勾拉，形成层状结构的涂层，采用盐浴复合处理，渗氮速度较快、处理时间较短、韧性好、盐浴无毒等特点，而且获得良好的耐磨性、耐蚀性和抗疲劳性能。盐浴碳氮共渗后加了后续的氧化反应，后续形成的氧化膜还能有效的增强耐磨性和耐蚀性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于铝合金处理技术领域，具体涉及一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法。
背景技术
在幕墙设计中应该充分考虑在不同材料接触位置要采取绝缘措施，避免不同金属的直接接触。铝合金框架幕墙的转接系统采用钢构件。因节约资源有时也采用碳钢件，但是碳钢构件表面要采用合适的防腐处理和在接触位置采用防腐隔离措施。幕墙中常采用尼龙或者橡胶垫片等材料。铝合金幕墙板与钢构件连接固定，因材质不同造成不协调。目前人们采用将幕墙钢构件和铝合金幕墙板喷涂一样颜色的油漆，以使幕墙工程颜色外观一致。同时宜当采用钢制件时，必须防腐处理且采用尼龙垫片隔离。专利CN202110392413.9 公开了一种建筑幕墙钢结构除锈方法并在防腐油漆中创造性的加入固漆颗粒来保护钝化层和防止油漆脱落，而幕墙钢结构件的防腐大多沿用传统的油漆方案，防护周期较短，一般长的不过5年，短的只有1年。频繁的维修，不仅造成大量的人力物力浪费，而且对各种幕墙工程尤其是需连续运作的钢构件的正常运行造成很大困难，因此，开发及推广应用新的幕墙钢构件处理工艺是当务之急。热喷涂铝合金覆盖层用于钢构件的长效防腐有其得天独厚的优越性，它效率高、防腐寿命长、经济效益显著、操作简便、易于现场施工。但是由于热喷涂铝合金表面氧化膜很薄，所以在应用的过程中热喷涂铝合金氧化膜很容易破裂，导致热喷涂铝合金的适用范围受限。保证幕墙钢构件与铝合金幕墙板外观的一致协调，并且具备较好的硬度和耐磨性以及抗蚀性，能够推动使用钢构件和铝合金板幕墙产业的发展，本领域技术人员亟待开发出一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，以满足现有的使用需求和性能要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法。
电弧喷涂是利用两根金属丝之间产生的电弧熔化丝的顶端，经一束或多束气体射流雾化将已熔化的金属溶滴喷射到经预处理的基体表面上形成涂层的工艺方法。
一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，包括依次进行的化学除油、采用耐热胶布或铁片遮蔽等保护措施对非喷涂区域进行保护步骤后，还包括如下步骤：
（1）热喷涂铝合金：采用电弧喷涂方式对铝合金材料进行喷涂到幕墙钢构件表面，其中雾化压缩空气压力0.5MPa，流量为1～3m/min，喷枪与钢构件角度：45°～90°，喷枪与工件距离100～250mm，工作电压28～36 V，工作电流200～300A，铝合金涂层厚0.1～0.2mm；
（2）一次氮化：预处理后采用充氨气渗氮，温度500～510℃下每20min抽真空，再每20min充一定压力氨气反应，压力为0.05～0.07MPa，照此循环渗氮，渗氮工艺为10h渗氮、10h真空、10h渗氮，最后将氨分解率提高到体积分数95%后进行2h退氮处理，炉冷至150℃后出炉空冷，催化剂为1kg/m3的氯化铵，处理过的喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件用蒸馏水和无水乙醇清洗脱脂后，放入干燥箱中保存24h，得一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件；
（3）二次碳氮共渗：采用盐浴复合处理，使用基盐、氧化盐和调整盐，将一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件在400～450℃恒温预热15min，放入盐浴炉中进行盐浴复合处理，处理工艺为在550～580℃盐浴中氮碳共渗3～3.5h，再在400℃氧化盐浴中氧化20～40min后随空气冷却至室温，用冷水进行清洗后，在70℃热水中清洗，最后干燥，即得。
进一步的，所述喷涂用铝合金为铝硅合金或铝镁合金，所述喷涂用铝合金为铝硅合金或铝镁合金，其中铝镁合金含Mg质量分数为0.5%～0.6%，余量为Al；铝硅合金含Si质量分数11%～13%，余量为Al。其中铝镁合金优选为PXAl-Mg，铝硅合金优选为TAFAAl-12Si或Mteco52C-NS。
进一步的，所述步骤（1）的预处理过程包含依次进行的化学除油、热水洗、冷水洗、酸浸蚀和水洗的分步骤。
进一步的，所述步骤（3）基盐由40wt%尿素、30wt%碳酸钠、碳酸钾20wt%、氢氧化钾10wt%混配，调整盐为Z-1再生盐，氧化盐为Y-1。
进一步的，所述幕墙钢构件材质为316L不锈钢或Q235A碳钢。
本发明的有益效果：
本发明采用幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层，使钢构件与铝合金幕墙板的颜色外观相近，而无需在外部刷涂一样的油漆，热喷涂铝覆盖层是有孔隙的、表面粗糙的疏松组织，本发明利用碳氮共渗进行封闭处理，依靠盐浴中CN。的分解产生活性的N和C原子渗入到表面，从而在金属基体表面形成化合物层和扩散层来提高的表面性能。渗层中的活性C原子和N具有很强的渗透性，能够渗散到孔隙的全部空间，将孔“堵死”。当氮和碳的不断渗入，与金属基体反应形成高硬相的化合物；同时表面生成氧化物薄膜，这些化合物具有耐磨和耐蚀的双重性能，可以有效提高热喷涂铝合金涂层的耐磨性和耐蚀性。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
铝为银白色金属，在幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层，以使幕墙工程颜色外观一致，并且减少尼龙或者橡胶垫片等材料在幕墙工程中的使用，铝合金涂层易与空气中的氧作用形成一层牢固、致密的氧化膜，在大气中是耐蚀的。电弧喷涂效率高、成本低，热喷涂铝层状结构，塑性态金属颗粒不断打击到工件表面成为片状所致，无数个片状颗粒的沉积靠“抛锚效应”相互勾拉，形成层状结构的涂层，采用盐浴复合处理，使用基盐、氧化盐和调整盐，渗氮速度较快、处理时间较短、韧性好、盐浴无毒等特点，而且获得良好的耐磨性、耐蚀性和抗疲劳性能。盐浴碳氮共渗温度低，盐浴碳氮共渗后加了后续的氧化反应，后续形成的氧化膜还能有效的增强耐磨性和耐蚀性。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，幕墙钢构件为70mm厚实心Q235A碳钢钢板，包括依次进行的（1）化学除油：含质量分数0.5%的博莱富尔PC-13清洁剂的清洗液80℃，清洗20min再70℃热水清洗2min后，继续25℃冷水，两次逆流漂洗或喷淋2min，风干至恒重，用压力式干式喷砂设备对工件表面进行粗化处理。喷砂采用粒度为 30目的铜矿砂，压缩空气压为0.55MPa，喷砂距离为200mm，喷砂角度为70度，喷砂后要求表面除锈级别为Sa3，表面粗糙度为Rz30；（2）采用耐热胶布或铁片遮蔽等保护措施对幕墙钢构件非喷涂区域进行保护；（3）热喷涂铝合金：采用电弧喷涂方式对铝合金材料进行喷涂到幕墙钢构件表面，喷涂用铝合金为铝硅合金，铝硅合金为Φ3.0mmTAFAAl-12Si，余量为Al，其中雾化压缩空气压力0.5MPa，流量为3m/min喷枪与钢构件角度：45°，喷枪与工件距离250mm，工作电压36V，工作电流200A，铝合金涂层厚0.1mm；
一次氮化：预处理过程包含依次进行的化学除油、热水洗、冷水洗、酸浸蚀和水洗的分步骤，具体的，化学除油是在含质量分数3%碳酸钠、质量分数4%十二烷基磺酸钠的水溶液中，温度70℃，浸洗10分钟，再80℃热水清洗2min后，继续25℃冷水，两次逆流漂洗或喷淋2min，用质量分数1%硝酸溶液中和光化浸蚀3min后，用25℃清水冲洗风干至恒重，预处理后采用充氨气渗氮，温度510℃下每20min抽真空，再每20min充一定压力氨气反应，压力为0.07MPa，照此循环渗氮，渗氮工艺为10h渗氮、10h真空、10h渗氮，最后将氨分解率提高到体积分数95%后进行2h退氮处理，炉冷至150℃后出炉空冷，催化剂为1kg/m3的氯化铵，处理过的喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件用蒸馏水和无水乙醇清洗脱脂后，放入干燥箱中保存24h，得一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件；
二次碳氮共渗：采用盐浴复合处理，使用基盐、氧化盐和调整盐，基盐由40wt%尿素、30wt%碳酸钠、碳酸钾20wt%、氢氧化钾10wt%混配，调整盐为安丘亚星Z-1再生盐，氧化盐为安丘亚星Y-1，将一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件在450℃恒温预热15min，放入盐浴炉中进行盐浴复合处理，处理工艺为在58℃盐浴中氮碳共渗3h，再在400℃氧化盐浴中氧化40min后随空气冷却至室温，用15℃冷水进行清洗后，在70℃热水中清洗，最后干燥，即得。
涂层结合强度18.37MPa，硬度424.3HV，磨粒磨损试验重量损失31.8%，并且耐腐蚀性能失重比未处理的316L不锈钢幕墙钢构件下降了43.24%。
对比例1
实施例1未经处理的Q235A碳钢钢板。
未经过热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的Q235A碳钢钢板幕墙钢构件在磨损后重量损失65.3%，磨粒磨损性能不好。
实施例2
一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，幕墙钢构件为1mm厚实心316L不锈钢板，包括依次进行的（1）化学除油：含质量分数0.5%的博莱富尔PC-13清洁剂的清洗液，70℃，清洗10min再70℃热水清洗2min后，继续25℃冷水，两次逆流漂洗或喷淋2min，风干至恒重，用压力式干式喷砂设备对工件表面进行粗化处理。喷砂采用粒度为20目的铜矿砂，压缩空气压为0.55MPa，喷砂距离为150mm，喷砂角度为70度，喷砂后要求表面除锈级别为Sa3，表面粗糙度为Rz80。喷砂后用压缩空气吹净；（2）采用耐热胶布或铁片遮蔽等保护措施对幕墙钢构件非喷涂区域进行保护；（3）热喷涂铝合金：采用电弧喷涂方式对铝合金材料进行喷涂到幕墙钢构件表面，喷涂用铝合金为铝镁合金，其中铝镁合金为Φ3.0mmPXAl-Mg，含Mg质量分数为0.6%，余量为Al，其中雾化压缩空气压力0.5MPa，流量为3m/min喷枪与钢构件角度：90°，喷枪与工件距离100mm，工作电压28V，工作电流300A，铝合金涂层厚0.2mm；
（4）一次氮化：预处理过程包含依次进行的化学除油、热水洗、冷水洗、酸浸蚀和水洗的分步骤，具体的，化学除油是在含质量分数3%碳酸钠、质量分数2%%十二烷基磺酸钠的水溶液中，温度60℃，浸洗5分钟，再70℃热水清洗2min后，继续25℃冷水，两次逆流漂洗或喷淋2min，用质量分数1%硝酸溶液中和光化浸蚀1～3min后，用25℃清水冲洗风干至恒重，预处理后采用充氨气渗氮，温度500℃下每20min抽真空，再每20min充一定压力氨气反应，压力为0.05MPa，照此循环渗氮，渗氮工艺为10h渗氮、10h真空、10h渗氮，最后将氨分解率提高到体积分数95%后进行2h退氮处理，炉冷至150℃后出炉空冷，催化剂为1kg/m3的氯化铵，处理过的喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件用蒸馏水和无水乙醇清洗脱脂后，放入干燥箱中保存24h，得一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件；
（5）二次碳氮共渗：采用盐浴复合处理，使用基盐、氧化盐和调整盐，基盐由40wt%尿素、30wt%碳酸钠、碳酸钾20wt%、氢氧化钾10wt%混配，调整盐为安丘亚星Z-1再生盐，氧化盐为安丘亚星Y-1，将一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件在400℃恒温预热15min，放入盐浴炉中进行盐浴复合处理，处理工艺为在550℃盐浴中氮碳共渗3h，再在400℃氧化盐浴中氧化40min后随空气冷却至室温，用15℃冷水进行清洗后，在70℃热水中清洗，最后干燥，即得。
产品：涂层结合强度18.45MPa，硬度417.2HV，磨粒磨损试验重量损失17.4%，按GB/T10125（NSS试验）经过336h中性盐雾试验后，无腐蚀、脱落现象，并且耐腐蚀性失重比未处理的316L不锈钢幕墙钢构件下降了43.24%。
对比例2
实施例2中未经处理的316L不锈钢幕墙钢构件。
而未经过热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的316L不锈钢板幕墙钢构件在磨损后重量损失31.9%，磨粒磨损性能较差。
注：涂层结合强度参照GB/T8642-2002热喷涂 抗拉结合强度的测定进行，涂层显微硬度参照GB/T 4340.1-2009 金属材料 维氏硬度试验 第1部分：试验方法进行。磨粒磨损试验采用 MLS-225 型湿砂橡胶轮式磨损试验机进行，磨粒在橡胶轮和试件表面流动从而引起磨损，其中试验参数如下：橡胶轮转速：240r/min；橡胶轮直径：178mm；橡胶轮硬度：60（邵氏硬度）；砂浆比例：1000克水1500克砂；载荷：10Kgf；磨损时间：50m：橡胶轮转数：约12000转；磨料：40-70目的石英砂；先预磨 12000 转，再正式磨 12000 转。算出磨损前后试件的重量差，即为失重量，取平均值来衡量配方的耐磨性。试验同时用 Q235A钢和316L不锈钢作为对比。耐腐蚀性能用无水酒精清洗和坩埚，用 TG328 天平测量重量。取 85%Na2SO4+15%NaCl（质量百分比，盐为固体状态）混合在一起，搅拌均匀，然后将混合盐放入坩埚中，再放入箱式电炉中加热熔化，让盐能充分混合，之后将坩埚取出，冷却后，将混合盐分成四等分，分别置于四个坩埚中。分别将四个试样置于四个坩埚中，使试样的一半没在混合盐之中，另一半则露在空气中，盖上坩埚盖。用 TG328 分析天平测量试样与坩埚的总重量，并记录数据。将电炉温度设定在 800℃下，将装有试样的坩埚放入电炉中。待腐蚀 100 个小时后，取出试样，冷却后用 TG328 分析天平测量试样与坩埚的总重量，再将试样取出去除试样表面的附着的盐粒，再用清水清洗。
综上，热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗后的幕墙钢构件可以有效地提高其表面的耐磨性能，可以有效地降低试样的腐蚀失重，减小最大腐蚀坑深，提高试样表面的耐腐蚀性能。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，包括依次进行的化学除油、采用耐热胶布或铁片遮蔽保护措施对幕墙钢构件非喷涂区域进行保护步骤后，其特征在于，还包括如下步骤：
（1）热喷涂铝合金：采用电弧喷涂方式对铝合金材料进行喷涂到幕墙钢构件表面，其中雾化压缩空气压力0.5MPa，流量为1～3m/min，喷枪与钢构件角度：45°～90°，喷枪与工件距离100～250mm，工作电压28～36 V，工作电流200～300A，铝合金涂层厚0.1～0.2mm；
（2）一次氮化：预处理后采用充氨气渗氮，温度500～510℃下每20min抽真空，再每20min充一定压力氨气反应，压力为0.05～0.07MPa，照此循环渗氮，渗氮工艺为10h渗氮、10h真空、10h渗氮，最后将氨分解率提高到体积分数95%后进行2h退氮处理，炉冷至150℃后出炉空冷，催化剂为1kg/m3的氯化铵，处理过的喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件用蒸馏水和无水乙醇清洗脱脂后，放入干燥箱中保存24h，得一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件；
（3）二次碳氮共渗：采用盐浴复合处理，使用基盐、氧化盐和调整盐，将一次氮化的热喷涂铝合金涂层钢构件在400～450℃恒温预热15min，放入盐浴炉中进行盐浴复合处理，处理工艺为在550～580℃盐浴中氮碳共渗3～3.5h，再在400℃氧化盐浴中氧化20～40min后随空气冷却至室温，用冷水进行清洗后，在70℃热水中清洗，最后干燥，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，其特征在于，所述喷涂用铝合金为铝硅合金或铝镁合金，其中铝镁合金含Mg质量分数为0.5%～0.6%，余量为Al；铝硅合金含Si质量分数11%～13%，余量为Al。
3.根据权利要求1所述的幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（2）的预处理过程包含依次进行的化学除油、热水洗、冷水洗、酸浸蚀和水洗的分步骤。
4.根据权利要求1所述的幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3）基盐由40wt%尿素、30wt%碳酸钠、碳酸钾20wt%、氢氧化钾10wt%混配，调整盐为Z-1再生盐，氧化盐为Y-1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的幕墙钢构件热喷涂铝合金涂层碳氮共渗的工艺方法，其特征在于，所述幕墙钢构件材质为316L不锈钢或Q235A碳钢。
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| DE102006054280A1 (de) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-29 | Durferrit Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit nitrocarburierter oder nitrocarburierter und oxidierter Oberflächen von aus Stahl bestehenden Bauteilen |
| CN103276344A (zh) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-09-04 | 郭伟 | 深层qpq盐浴复合强化改性高新技术 |
| CN106756263A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽名杰净化科技有限公司 | 一种空气净化预处理室用铝合金制备方法 |
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| DE102006054280A1 (de) * | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-29 | Durferrit Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erhöhung der Korrosionsbeständigkeit nitrocarburierter oder nitrocarburierter und oxidierter Oberflächen von aus Stahl bestehenden Bauteilen |
| CN103276344A (zh) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-09-04 | 郭伟 | 深层qpq盐浴复合强化改性高新技术 |
| CN106756263A (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽名杰净化科技有限公司 | 一种空气净化预处理室用铝合金制备方法 |
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| 热喷涂铝涂层高温扩散及抗氧化性的研究;刘明辉, 陈洪玉, 魏文志;煤炭技术;19991025(05);全文 * |
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