CN116172006A - 一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/713—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with four or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/04—Insecticides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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Abstract
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物。一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,其有效成分由四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配而成,所述四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱的质量比为1‑200:200‑1。本发明四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配时,对苦瓜瓜实蝇的共毒系数大于120,表现为增效作用,可以提高对苦瓜瓜实蝇的防治效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农药技术领域,具体涉及一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物。
背景技术
瓜实蝇(Bactrocera cucurbitae)是瓜果类作物的重要害虫之一。瓜实蝇繁殖能力强,一年可发生多代,且实行较杂,寄主范围较广。瓜实蝇以危害苦瓜、黄瓜、西葫芦和甜瓜等葫芦科以及番茄和茄瓜等茄科蔬菜为主,其主要通过雌性成虫产卵于寄主的花和幼嫩果实的组织内,幼虫孵化后即在花或果肉内取食,使花果腐烂,引起大量的花果脱落;受害后的果实不能正常生长,变畸形,果皮变硬,品质差,不能食用。受瓜实蝇危害的瓜果损失程度一般在30%以上,其中又以苦瓜受害最为严重。
在农业生产上,化学防治在瓜实蝇防控中发挥着不可替代的作用,常用的化学药剂有氯氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯、阿维菌素和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐等。但由于单一药剂的长期不合理使用,导致瓜实蝇对现有药剂已产生不同程度的抗药性,使得现有药剂对其防治效果逐年降低。为此,筛选和研制新型高效药剂很有必要。
四唑虫酰胺是一种属于邻氨基苯甲酰胺类杀虫剂的二酰胺类杀虫剂,又名氰氟虫酰胺,CAS号:1229654-66-3,其结构式如下:
四唑虫酰胺具有较好的内吸传导活性,可通过茎叶和根部吸收后传导到植物体内各处。鳞翅目、鞘翅目和半翅目等靶标害虫在取食植株或接触药剂后,四唑虫酰胺与昆虫鱼尼丁受体发生高度亲和性结合,Ca2+释放通道持续开放,使得平滑肌和横纹肌细胞内贮存的钙离子释放失控和流失,导致肌肉细胞收缩功能瘫痪从而达到杀死昆虫的目的。
目前,还未见到四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配的相关报道。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,以解决由于单一药剂的长期不合理使用,导致瓜实蝇对现有药剂已产生不同程度的抗药性,使得现有药剂对其防治效果逐年降低的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,其有效成分由四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配而成,所述四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱的质量比为1-200:200-1。
作为优选,所述四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉的质量比为1-20:80-1。
作为优选,所述四唑虫酰胺与氧化苦参碱的质量比为1-30:5-1。
其次,本发明还提供了一种杀虫剂,其以所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物为活性成分,辅以农药学上允许使用的助剂为辅助制备而成。
另外,本发明还提供了所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物在防控瓜实蝇中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配时,对苦瓜瓜实蝇的共毒系数大于120,表现为增效作用。与单一有效成分相比,可以提高对苦瓜瓜实蝇的防治效果,基于此,可以降低药剂的施用剂量,降低防治成本和农药残留,进而可以为筛选和研制防治苦瓜瓜实蝇的新型高效药剂提供支持。
具体实施方式
下面结合对本发明专利的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域所属的技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例:四唑虫酰胺室内生物活性试验
1.供试害虫
将被害苦瓜采回后从中挑出瓜实蝇幼虫作为供试害虫。在实验室自然条件下,用新鲜干净的苦瓜继代饲养多代后,选取同一批羽化后3-4日龄健康成虫为供试对象。
2.供试药剂
90%四唑虫酰胺原药、95%环氧虫啉原药和98%氧化苦参碱原药,以上药剂均为市售。
将原药先用二甲基亚砜溶解配制成单剂母液,再用0.1%吐温-80的水溶液稀释,设置多组配比,各单剂母液及每组配比混剂均按等比方法设置6个梯度质量浓度,备用。
3.试验方法(参考《农药室内生物测定试验准则杀虫剂第1部分:触杀活性试验点滴法》)
将供试害虫用乙醚麻醉后置于培养皿中备用。将培养皿内供试害虫逐头进行点滴处理,滴于虫体前胸背板上,每头点滴供试药剂0.95μL。点滴后的供试害虫转移到500mL三角瓶中,在三角瓶内放置蘸有5%蜂蜜水的棉球,用医用纱布封口后置于人工气候箱中,在温度(25±1)℃,相对湿度75%左右,光周期L:D为(14:10)h的条件下饲养,每浓度处理15头成虫,设置4次重复。并设0.1%吐温-80水溶液的处理作为空白对照。处理后48h观察试虫的死亡情况,分别记录各处理的总虫数和死虫数,并以此计算出各处理的校正死亡率。其中,将供试害虫翻身30s内不能翻转作为判定死亡的标准。
上式中:P--死亡率,单位为%;K--死亡虫数;N--处理总虫数。
上式中:P1--校正死亡率,单位为%;Pt--处理死亡率,单位为%;P0--空白对照死亡率,单位为%。
4.数据分析:用DPS软件对各处理药剂浓度对数值和各处理的校正死亡率几率值进行回归分析,计算各处理药剂的LC50,并根据孙云沛法计算混剂的共毒系数(CTC值)。
上式中:ATI--混剂实测的毒力指数;S--标准药剂的LC50,单位为mg/L;M--混剂的LC50,单位为mg/L。
TTI=TIA×PA+TIB×PB
上式中:TTI--混剂的理论毒理指数;TIA--A药剂的毒力指数;PA--A药剂在混剂中百分含量,单位为百分率(%);TIB--B药剂的毒力指数;PB--B药剂在混剂中百分含量,单位为百分率(%)。
上式中:CTC--共毒系数;ATI--混剂实测毒力指数;TTI--混剂理论毒力指数。
5.药效评价
根据计算的共毒系数(CTC)评价药剂的增效作用,CTC≤80为拮抗作用,80<CTC<120为相加作用,CTC≥120为增效作用,结果见表1-2。
表1四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉复配对瓜实蝇的毒力测定结果
从表1可知,在1-20:80-1的质量比内,四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉复配后对瓜实蝇的共毒系数大于120,表现为增效作用。
表2四唑虫酰胺与氧化苦参碱复配对瓜实蝇的毒力测定结果
从表2可知,在1-30:5-1的质量比内,四唑虫酰胺与氧化苦参碱复配后对瓜实蝇的共毒系数大于120,表现为增效作用。
综上所述,本发明四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配时,对苦瓜瓜实蝇的共毒系数大于120,表现为增效作用,可以提高对苦瓜瓜实蝇的防治效果,可以降低药剂的施用剂量,降低防治成本和农药残留,为筛选和研制防治苦瓜瓜实蝇的新型高效药剂提供支持。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,其特征在于,其有效成分由四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱复配而成,所述四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉或氧化苦参碱的质量比为1-200:200-1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,其特征在于,所述四唑虫酰胺与环氧虫啉的质量比为1-20:80-1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物,其特征在于,所述四唑虫酰胺与氧化苦参碱的质量比为1-30:5-1。
4.一种杀虫剂,其特征在于,其以权利要求1-3任一项所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物为活性成分,辅以农药学上允许使用的助剂为辅助制备而成。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的防治苦瓜瓜食蝇的增效组合物在防控瓜实蝇中的应用。
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