CN116167241A - Mountain river flood level water-choking bayonet identification method - Google Patents
Mountain river flood level water-choking bayonet identification method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a mountain river flood level water-choking bayonet identification method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting mountain river hydrology and river course observation data; step 2, primarily screening the bayonet river reach from the river channel shape; step 3, calculating a long river section flood edge water surface line containing the primary screening bayonet river section; and 4, identifying a flood level water-choking river section of the mountain river. The method is applied to the practical problem that the typical river reach flood level of mountain river is lifted under the actions of reservoir water storage, river channel form, other bank protection projects and the like, basic morphological characteristics of mountain river flood level bayonet river reach are mastered through analysis, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model of a long river reach is built, flood along-course water surface lines are calculated, on the basis of abrupt change analysis of water level gradient, river channel plane morphological characteristics are synthesized, high-rise bayonet river reach of mountain river flood level is identified, and a certain technical support effect is provided for guaranteeing mountain river flood control safety.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water conservancy flood control safety, in particular to a mountain river flood level water choking bayonet identification method.
Background
The mountain river is subject to geological conditions and mountain control action of two banks, the plane form of the river channel is relatively stable, along with the continuous development of water and electricity resources, some mountain river two banks gradually develop from original nature to easy living and livability, some mountain river sections form excellent water depths due to reservoir water storage, the river ports on two banks along the river drive social and economic development, the boundary of the river two banks of the mountain river is further limited by bank protection and the like, and the phenomenon of the narrow river channel in the initial stage is not fresh. Under the comprehensive actions of reservoir water accumulation and bank protection engineering construction, the natural flood-passing capacity of the river channel is changed. In recent years, the water-based situation of frequent flood and drought turning represented by Yangtze river basin in China is affected by global climate. The Yangtze river basin in 2020 encounters river basin flood in 1954 and 1998, especially rare high flood with 8.12m water level is guaranteed in the tail river section of the three gorges reservoir at the upstream of Yangtze river, and flood control safety of Chongqing main urban area is seriously affected. The related research shows that the cause of the high flood level of the mud flat station is limited by the aspects of large incoming flow, downstream bayonet choking, narrow beam effect of engineering on two sides of a river channel and the like, and the recognition of the characteristic of the flood level choking bayonet of the river in the mountain area has important reference significance for making flood control safety guarantee countermeasures on the premise that the incoming flow is uncontrollable and the engineering on two sides is irreversible.
In order to further reveal the along-way change rule of the flood level, and cooperate with the mountain river to build a large number of water-favourable junction engineering joint scheduling, fully ensure the flood control safety of the mountain river along the river, it is necessary to fully consider the influence of the special form of the river channel on the flood discharge on the basis of hydrologic observation and forecasting, form the universal method capable of identifying the flood level water-choking bayonets of the mountain river, and provide support for flood disaster prevention.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a mountain river flood level water blocking gate identification method, basic morphological characteristics of mountain river flood level blocking gate segments are mastered through analysis of river channel fixed section observation data, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model of long river segments is established, flood along-course water surface lines are calculated, on the basis of sudden change analysis of a certain range of river flood water level ratio, the river channel plane and longitudinal section forms are synthesized, blocking gate segments of mountain river flood levels are identified, and the actual problem that mountain river typical river segment flood levels are blocked up by reservoir water storage, river channel forms, other bank protection projects and the like is solved, so that blocking effects of blocking gates on river flood levels are judged, and flood control safety of mountain river two banks is guaranteed better.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the application provides a mountain river flood level water-choking bayonet identification method, which comprises the following steps:
step 2, primarily screening the bayonet river reach from the river channel shape;
step 3, calculating a long river section flood edge water surface line containing the primary screening bayonet river section;
and 4, identifying a flood level water-choking river section of the mountain river.
The implementation of said step 1 is as follows,
step 11, collecting the daily average flow and water level observation data of a controlled hydrological station of a river channel in a certain range of a mountain river, and constructing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model;
and 12, collecting fixed section observation data of a river channel in a certain range of the mountain river, and using the fixed section observation data for the morphological analysis of the river channel and the construction of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model.
The implementation of said step 2 is as follows,
step 21, drawing a longitudinal section drawing of the river course by adopting fixed section observation data which are relatively uniformly distributed along the course, primarily screening the deep body concave section, and defining the distribution condition of the course;
step 22, based on the river channel fixed section data, calculating the river channel edge Cheng Hekuan under the average flood level for many years, analyzing the river width change characteristics, calculating the channel edge beam narrowing coefficient, and the beam narrowing coefficient is according to the following formula
Calculation, wherein B u And B d Respectively representing river widths of two sections of the upstream and downstream of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for years, < ->
Is the average river width value, l of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for many years j The length of the bayonet river reach is referred to, L is the total river length from the upstream section to the downstream section of the bayonet;
step 23, combining the step 21 and the step 22, and primarily screening out river reach meeting the morphological characteristics of the bayonet river channel.
The implementation of said step 3 is as follows,
step 31, establishing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model which covers the river reach with the bayonet characteristics screened out in the step 23, and calibrating and verifying the model;
step 32, selecting typical flood flow, calculating hydrodynamic conditions by adopting a mathematical model, and drawing river course flood surface lines according to calculation results.
The implementation of said step 4 is as follows,
step 41, according to the along-the-way flood water surface line, counting the water surface ratio drop;
step 42, drawing a along-course water surface ratio drop change curve, wherein the abrupt change point of the curve, namely the point that the water surface ratio drop is obviously smaller than that of upstream and downstream river sections, and the immediately downstream river sections can be considered to have bayonet choking effect on the upstream flood level;
step 43 combines step 42 and step 23 to integrate the flood level choked water bayonet segments of a given mountain river.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has relatively small requirements for the existing observation data, only needs a plurality of model years of along-flow and water level observation data and one measured fixed section observation data, fully recognizes the basic characteristics of the longitudinal section and the plane shape of the bayonet river based on the basic principle that the river shape is the boundary condition of the flood level on the basis of the river shape analysis, performs fine along-flow interpolation on the flood level line of the river by utilizing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model, and can highlight the effect of the bayonet on the congestion of the river flood level in mountain areas through the ratio-drop statistics and the abrupt change analysis of small river segments. The identification method has definite mechanism, clear implementation process and feasible technical means.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a mountain river flood level water-blocking gate identification method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the distribution of the tail of a three gorges reservoir over the range of the segment from the tail to the bowl-form;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the longitudinal section and low concave nodes of the Kongsu river reach deep body;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a bronze gorge node segment and upstream and downstream waterways;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the results of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model representative control station water level verification calculation;
FIG. 6 is a cun beach 50000m 3 A water surface diagram along the path of the bowl-shaped river reach under the condition of s incoming flow;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the distribution of the water surface dip change and the abrupt change point from the zenith to the fantuo river reach at a certain distance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a mountain river flood level water-blocking bayonet identification method, which comprises the following steps:
step 11, collecting the daily average flow and water level observation data of a controlled hydrological station of a river channel in a certain range of a mountain river, and constructing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model;
and 12, collecting fixed section observation data of a river channel in a certain range of the mountain river, and using the fixed section observation data for the morphological analysis of the river channel and the construction of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model.
Step 2, primarily screening the bayonet river reach from the river channel shape, wherein the implementation mode is as follows,
step 21, drawing a longitudinal section drawing of the river course by adopting fixed section observation data which are relatively uniformly distributed along the course, primarily screening the deep body concave section, and defining the distribution condition of the course;
step 22, based on the river channel fixed section data, calculating the river channel edge Cheng Hekuan under the average flood level for many years, analyzing the river width change characteristics, calculating the channel edge beam narrowing coefficient, and the beam narrowing coefficient is according to the following formula
Calculation, wherein B u And B d Respectively representing river widths of two sections of the upstream and downstream of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for years, < ->
Is the average river width value, l of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for many years j The length of the bayonet river reach is indicated, and L is the total river length from the upstream section to the downstream section of the bayonet. In the plane form, the upstream and downstream river reach of the mountain river flood level water-choking gate are larger in river width, the gate river reach is sharply narrow in the beam width, the beam narrow reach has a certain length along the water flow direction, and the beam narrow coefficient of the gate river reach is generally more than 1.30;
step 23, combining the step 21 and the step 22, and primarily screening out river reach meeting the morphological characteristics of the bayonet river channel.
Step 3, calculating the flood side water surface line of the long river section including the preliminary screening bayonet river section, the implementation mode is as follows,
step 31, establishing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model which covers the river reach with the bayonet characteristics screened out in the step 23, and calibrating and verifying the model;
step 32, selecting typical flood flow, calculating hydrodynamic conditions by adopting a mathematical model, and drawing river course flood surface lines according to calculation results.
Step 4, identifying the flood level water-choking river reach of the mountain river, the implementation mode is as follows,
step 41, according to the along-the-way flood water surface line, counting the water surface ratio drop according to a certain interval, wherein each 3 fixed sections are generally used as a group for counting the water surface ratio drop;
step 42, drawing a change curve of the along-course water surface ratio drop, wherein the abrupt change point of the curve, namely the point that the water surface ratio drop is obviously smaller than that of the upstream and downstream river sections, and the immediately downstream river sections can be considered to have bayonet choking effect on the upstream flood level. The sudden change point of the water surface ratio drop needs to meet two conditions, namely the water surface ratio drop of the sudden change point needs to be smaller than 50% of the average water surface ratio drop of the river channel, and the water surface ratio drop of the immediately adjacent river channel at the upstream and downstream of the sudden change point needs to be larger than 1.5 times of the average water surface ratio drop of the river channel;
step 43 combines step 42 and step 23 to integrate the flood level choked water bayonet segments of a given mountain river.
The specific steps of the examples are as follows:
step 1: selecting a three gorges reservoir tail river section positioned at the upstream of the Yangtze river, wherein the specific range is from a Jialing river junction to a fan Tuo water level station, the river length is about 65km, the upper section of the river channel is provided with a cun beach hydrologic station, the water level control stations such as a bronze gorge station, a fish mouth, a sheep horn back and a fan Tuo station are arranged along the river channel, the daily flow and water level observation data of the 2010-2020 year beach station and the daily water level observation data of the along-journey water level control station are collected by combining the running condition of the three gorges reservoir, the specific distribution condition of the measuring stations is as shown in figure 2, and the fixed section observation data of the along-journey water level control station in 2020 year towards the fan Tuo station is collected.
Step 2: by adopting fixed section observation data, drawing a curve of a deep body longitudinal section along an end to a bowl-shaped river reach, analyzing absolute elevation change of a deep body point, primarily screening out two nodes meeting the form characteristic of a water-filled bayonet of a flood level along the end, selecting nodes near the bowl-shaped river reach to further draw cross sections of the river reach where the nodes are located and upstream and downstream river channels as shown in fig. 4, calculating to obtain a river width beam narrow coefficient of 1.50, meeting the requirement of more than 1.30, wherein the river width of the other node has no obvious beam narrow characteristic and does not meet the plane form requirement of the water-filled bayonet.
Step 3: based on the fixed section and hydrologic data, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model containing the above-mentioned primary screening 2 bayonet river reach is established, the model range is from radix asparagi to Tuo, the calculation range and distribution along the control station are shown in figure 2, and the verification calculation result of the water level of the beach station is shown in figure 5; according to the actual measurement data of the three gorges reservoir after water storage, the calculated flood flow of the beach station is 50000m 3 Controlling/s, inlet flow rate for calculating flood water surface line is 50000m 3 And/s, the outlet is the measured water level of the corresponding bowl-shaped mass station, and the flood along-path water surface line from the top-facing gate to the bowl-shaped mass station at the flow rate is calculated as shown in figure 6.
Step 4: based on the flood surface line calculation result, the water surface ratio drop of every 3 sections of the river reach from the asparagus to the fan Tuo is counted, the change of the water surface ratio drop along the journey is drawn as shown in fig. 7, and the specific drop sudden change point determination method is combined, only the bronze gorge node meets the sudden change characteristic, so that it is determined that the bronze gorges are water choking ports of the flood level in the river reach from the top of the reservoir tail of the three gorges reservoir at the upper reaches of the Yangtze river, and the water choking effect of the bronze gorges possibly has a certain influence on flood control of the river reach of the Chongqing main urban area at the upper reaches.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and variations may be suggested to one skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The mountain river flood level water-choking bayonet identification method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, collecting mountain river hydrology and river course observation data;
step 2, primarily screening the bayonet river reach from the river channel shape;
step 3, calculating a long river section flood edge water surface line containing the primary screening bayonet river section;
and 4, identifying a flood level water-choking river section of the mountain river.
2. The method for identifying the water-choking bayonets of the river flood level in the mountain area according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is realized as follows,
step 11, collecting the daily average flow and water level observation data of a controlled hydrological station of a river channel in a certain range of a mountain river, and constructing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model;
and 12, collecting fixed section observation data of a river channel in a certain range of the mountain river, and using the fixed section observation data for the morphological analysis of the river channel and the construction of a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model.
3. The method for identifying the water-choking bayonets of the river flood level in the mountain area according to claim 2, wherein the step 2 is realized as follows,
step 21, drawing a longitudinal section drawing of the river course by adopting fixed section observation data which are relatively uniformly distributed along the course, primarily screening the deep body concave section, and defining the distribution condition of the course;
step 22, based on the river channel fixed section data, calculating the river channel edge Cheng Hekuan under the average flood level for many years, analyzing the river width change characteristics, calculating the channel edge beam narrowing coefficient, and the beam narrowing coefficient is according to the following formula
Calculation, wherein B u And B d Respectively representing river widths of two sections of the upstream and downstream of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for years, < ->
Is the average river width value, l of the bayonet river reach under the average flood level for many years j The length of the bayonet river reach is referred to, L is the total river length from the upstream section to the downstream section of the bayonet;
step 23, combining the step 21 and the step 22, and primarily screening out river reach meeting the morphological characteristics of the bayonet river channel.
4. The method for identifying the water-choking bayonets of the river flood level in the mountain area according to claim 3, wherein the step 3 is realized as follows,
step 31, establishing a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model which covers the river reach with the bayonet characteristics screened out in the step 23, and calibrating and verifying the model;
step 32, selecting typical flood flow, calculating hydrodynamic conditions by adopting a mathematical model, and drawing river course flood surface lines according to calculation results.
5. The method for identifying a mountain river flood level water gate according to claim 4, wherein said step 4 is implemented as follows,
step 41, according to the along-the-way flood water surface line, counting the water surface ratio drop;
step 42, drawing a along-course water surface ratio drop change curve, wherein the abrupt change point of the curve, namely the point that the water surface ratio drop is obviously smaller than that of upstream and downstream river sections, and the immediately downstream river sections can be considered to have bayonet choking effect on the upstream flood level;
step 43 combines step 42 and step 23 to integrate the flood level choked water bayonet segments of a given mountain river.
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| CN116821609A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-09-29 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Branch inflow jacking action conversion point identification and intensity partitioning method and system |
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