CN116157153A - 恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂以及恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法 - Google Patents
恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂以及恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116157153A CN116157153A CN202180063558.2A CN202180063558A CN116157153A CN 116157153 A CN116157153 A CN 116157153A CN 202180063558 A CN202180063558 A CN 202180063558A CN 116157153 A CN116157153 A CN 116157153A
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- malignant mesothelioma
- oxytocin receptor
- therapeutic agent
- oxytocin
- proliferation
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Abstract
本发明的课题在于提供一种恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂以及大量表达有催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法。恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂中,治疗剂含有以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分,由此能够解决问题。
Description
技术领域
本申请中的公开涉及恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂以及恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法。
背景技术
恶性间皮瘤是从覆盖胸膜、心包(心膜)、腹膜表面的间皮产生的肿瘤。恶性间皮瘤8成以上在胸膜中产生,但在恶性胸膜间皮瘤/恶性腹膜间皮瘤均预后不良。
胸膜、腹膜中产生的恶性间皮瘤大多起因于石棉暴露而发病,在发病之前具有30年至40年这样的较长时期。因此,今后恶性间皮瘤的发生也有增加的倾向。
恶性间皮瘤的发育形式有局限性或弥漫性。恶性间皮瘤大多为弥漫性的发育形式,沿着胸膜、腹膜等种植性浸润。虽然进行了外科疗法、放射疗法、化疗等,但目前没有确立有效的治疗方法,预后非常不良。因此,正在活跃地进行如专利文献1和专利文献2中记载那样的恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂、治疗方法的开发。
在先技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2009-013077号公报;
专利文献2:日本特开2014-208650号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
如专利文献1和专利文献2中记载那样,报告了新的治疗剂、治疗方法。然而,由于恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂、治疗方法尚未确立,因此期望开发新的治疗剂、治疗方法。本申请的公开对新的恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂的开发进行了深入研究,新发现:(1)以催产素受体为靶向的化合物具有抑制恶性间皮瘤的增殖的效果;并且(2)存在大量表达有催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤。
即,本申请的公开的目的是提供一种恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂以及大量表达有催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法。
解决问题的手段
(1)一种恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂,其中,所述治疗剂包含以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分。
(2)根据上述(1)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述化合物为催产素受体抑制剂。
(3)根据上述(2)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述催产素受体抑制剂为选自由克利戈西班(Cligosiban)、OT-R拮抗剂1(OT-R antagonist 1)、L368,899盐酸盐和阿托西班(Atosiban)组成的组中的至少一种。
(4)根据上述(2)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述催产素受体抑制剂为瑞托西班(Retosiban)。
(5)根据上述(1)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述化合物为核酸。
(6)根据上述(5)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述核酸为siRNA(Small interferingRNA,小干扰RNA)或shRNA(short hairpin RNA,短发夹RNA)。
(7)根据上述(1)至(6)中任一项所述的治疗剂,所述治疗剂还包含抗癌剂。
(8)根据上述(7)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述抗癌剂为顺铂(cisplatin)。
(9)根据上述(7)所述的治疗剂,其中,所述抗癌剂为顺铂和培美曲塞(Pemetrexed)。
(10)一种恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法,所述选择方法包括:
测定工序,测定恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体的表达量;
判定工序,判定催产素受体的表达量是否为阈值以上;
选择工序,选择催产素受体的表达量为阈值以上的恶性间皮瘤患者。
发明效果
通过本申请中公开的恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂,能够抑制恶性间皮瘤的增殖。
附图说明
图1是示出使用异种移植(Xenograft)模型的、克利戈西班引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖抑制的结果的图。
图2的A示出在恶性间皮瘤患者87例的恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体表达量的图;B示出相对于催产素受体的高表达组、中等程度表达组和低表达组的总生存期的卡普兰-梅尔(Kaplan-Meier)曲线的图。
图3是示出体外(in vitro)给药克利戈西班的恶性间皮瘤细胞的WST-1试验的结果的图。
图4是示出给药催产素受体抑制剂的恶性间皮瘤细胞的WST-1试验的结果的图。
图5是示出敲低了催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞的WST-1试验的结果的图。
图6是示出敲低了催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞的群落形成试验的结果的图。
图7是示出使用异种移植模型的、敲低了催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖抑制的结果的图。
图8是示出给药以催产素受体为靶向的化合物和抗癌剂的恶性间皮瘤细胞的WST-1试验的结果的图。
图9是示出使用异种移植模型的、恶性间皮瘤的现有标准治疗药、克利戈西班、以及现有标准治疗药和克利戈西班的并用产生的恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖抑制的结果的图。
具体实施方式
(恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂的实施方式)
以下,对实施方式涉及的恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂(以下,简单记载为“治疗剂”)进行说明。
实施方式涉及的治疗剂的特征在于,含有以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分。
该化合物只要是以催产素受体为靶向的化合物,就不受到特别限定。此外,在本说明书中,“以催产素受体为靶向的化合物”包含以催产素受体为靶向而结合的化合物以及以催产素受体为靶向而将其敲低的化合物。作为以催产素受体为靶向的化合物,可以举出催产素受体抑制剂、敲低催产素受体的siRNA、shRNA等核酸、对催产素受体的抗体等。
本发明人等如后述的实施例所示,反复进行了深入研究,确认了在将恶性间皮瘤细胞移植到裸鼠的异种移植模型中给药克利戈西班时抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖的效果。
克利戈西班是用于男性的早泄症的催产素受体抑制剂,是由以下的化学式(1)表示的化合物。此外,已知克利戈西班所作用的催产素受体主要在乳腺和妊娠后期的子宫中表达。
[化学式1]
催产素是从下垂体后叶分泌的、由9个氨基酸构成的肽激素,具有使乳腺的肌纤维收缩而参与乳汁分泌、平滑肌的收缩、在分娩时进行子宫收缩等作用。此外,已知催产素作为女性所特有的激素而被发现,但在男性中也以一定水平分泌。
由于克利戈西班抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖,因此本发明人等着眼于催产素受体抑制剂,如后述的实施例所示,对克利戈西班以外的催产素受体抑制剂进行了体外试验。在催产素受体抑制剂中使用以下的化学式(2)~化学式(4)表示的OT-R拮抗剂1(化学式(2))、L368,899盐酸盐(化学式(3))、阿托西班(化学式(4))。其结果,确认了恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖的抑制。
[化学式2]
此外,以下的化学式(5)表示的瑞托西班、化学式(6)表示的OT-R拮抗剂2也作为催产素受体抑制剂而为人所知。因此,对于瑞托西班、OT-R拮抗剂2,也能够期待恶性间皮瘤增殖的抑制。
[化学式3]
如后述的实施例所示,确认了敲低催产素受体的siRNA和shRNA等核酸抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。此外,siRNA、shRNA等核酸只要能够抑制催产素受体的表达,就不受到特别限定。可以期待通过抑制催产素受体的表达来抑制恶性间皮瘤的增殖。
对催产素受体的抗体可以是多克隆抗体,也可以是单克隆抗体。此外,也可以是完整的抗体分子,也可以是能够特异性结合于催产素受体的抗体片段。对催产素受体的抗体可以通过公知的方法制作。并且,对催产素受体的抗体可以期待与催产素受体抑制剂、敲低催产素受体的siRNA、shRNA同样地抑制恶性间皮瘤的增殖。
因此,以催产素受体为靶向的化合物可以用于恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂。此外,以催产素受体为靶向的化合物可以单独使用一种而用于治疗剂,也可以组合多种而用于治疗剂。
实施方式涉及的治疗剂除了以催产素受体为靶向的化合物之外还可以含有抗癌剂。以催产素受体为靶向的化合物和抗癌剂可以协同提高抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞增殖的效果。作为添加的抗癌剂,可以举出细胞抑制药(细胞毒性药)、血管生成抑制剂、免疫检查点抑制剂等。
细胞抑制药是杀灭癌细胞、诱导细胞死亡或降低细胞的增值率/存活率的药剂。作为细胞抑制药,例如可以举出烷基化剂、铂制剂、代谢拮抗剂、抗肿瘤性抗生素、微管聚合抑制剂、微管解聚抑制剂、拓扑异构酶抑制剂、植物生物碱、激素剂、细菌来源的毒素等。作为烷基化剂,例如可以举出环磷酰胺、异磷酰胺、亚硝基脲、达卡巴嗪(Dacarbazine)、替莫唑胺(Temozolomide)、尼莫司汀(Nimustine)、白消安(Busulfan)、美法仑(Melphalan)、塞替派(Thiotepa)、甲基苄肼(Procarbazin)、雷莫司汀(Ranimustine)等。作为铂制剂,例如可以举出顺铂、奈达铂(Nedaplatin)、奥沙利铂(oxaliplatin)、卡铂(Carboplatin)等。作为代谢拮抗剂,例如可以举出依诺他滨(Enocitabine)、卡莫氟(Carmofur)、卡培他滨(Capecitabine)、替加氟(Tegafur)、替加氟-尿嘧啶(Tegafur-uracil)、替加氟-吉美嘧啶-奥替拉西钾(Tegafur-Gimeracil-Oteracil Potassium)、吉西他滨(Gemcitabine)、阿糖胞苷(Cytarabine)、阿糖胞苷烷磷酯(Cytarabine Ocfosfate)、奈拉滨(Nelarabine)、氟尿嘧啶(Fluorouracil)、氟达拉滨(Fludarabine)、培美曲塞、喷司他丁(Pentostatin)、甲氨蝶呤(Methotrexate)、克拉屈滨(Cladribine)、去氧氟尿苷(Doxifluridine)、羟基脲(Hydroxycarbamide)、巯基嘌呤(mercaptopurine)等。作为抗肿瘤性抗生素,例如可以举出丝裂霉素C(Mitomycin C)、多柔比星(Doxorubicin)、表阿霉素(Epirubicin)、柔红霉素(Daunorubicin)、博来霉素(Bleomycin)、放线菌素D(Actinomycin D)、阿柔比星(Aclarubicin)、伊达比星(Idarubicin)、吡柔比星(Pirarubicin)、培洛霉素(Peplomycin)、米托蒽醌(Mitoxantrone)、氨柔比星(Amrubicin)、净司他丁替马拉美(Zinostatin Stimalamer)等。作为微管聚合抑制剂,例如可以举出长春碱(Vinblastine)、长春新碱(Vincristine)、长春瑞滨(Vinorelbin)、长春地辛(Vindesine)等。作为微管解聚抑制剂,例如可以举出紫杉醇(Paclitaxel)、多西他赛(Docetaxel)等。作为拓扑异构酶抑制剂,例如可以举出伊立替康(Irinotecan)、拓扑替康(Nogitecan)、依托泊苷(Etoposide)、索布佐生(Sobuzoxane)等。此外,以癌症为靶向的分子靶向药的ADC(Antibody-Drug Conjugate,抗体偶联药物)中利用的伊姆坦辛(Emtansine)(DM-1)所代表的美登醇(Maytansinoid)、美登醇类似物也是优选的细胞抑制药之一。
血管生成抑制剂是以血管内皮生长因子为靶向、阻碍向癌细胞的营养供给而抑制癌细胞增殖的药剂。作为血管生成抑制剂,例如可以举出贝伐珠单抗(Bevacizumab)、雷莫芦单抗(Ramucirumab)、阿柏西普(Aflibercept)等。
免疫检查点抑制剂是与作为免疫检查点分子的抑制性受体或其配体结合,阻断抑制性信号传递,由此解除免疫系统的制动,提高对肿瘤的免疫应答的药剂。作为免疫检查点抑制剂,例如可以举出作为抗PD1抗体的纳武单抗(Nivolumab)、帕博利珠单抗(Pembrolizumab);作为抗PD-L1抗体的阿替利珠单抗(Atezolizumab)、德瓦鲁单抗(Durvalumab);作为抗CTLA4抗体的伊匹单抗(Ipilimumab)等。
以催产素受体为靶向的化合物和抗癌剂可以同时使用,也可以设置时间差来使用。也可以对两者独立地设定给药时间表,并按照所述时间表分别对对象进行给药。并且,两者均可以任意设定给药次数,可以进行单次或多次给药。此外,与以催产素受体为靶向的化合物组合使用的抗癌剂可以为一种,也可以组合两种以上。
实施方式涉及的治疗剂的给药方法只要是在恶性间皮瘤中发挥效果,就不受到特别限定。作为给药方法,可以举出口服、经皮、静脉内、肌肉内、胸腔内、腹腔内、经直肠途径等。
作为实施方式涉及的治疗剂的剂型,例如可以举出片剂、丸剂、粉剂、锭剂、小药囊剂(sachet agent)、扁囊剂(cachet agent)、酏剂(elixirs agent)、悬浮剂、乳剂、溶液剂、糖浆、气溶胶剂(作为固体或在液体介质中)、软膏剂、明胶软和硬胶囊剂、栓剂、灭菌注射用溶液、灭菌封入粉剂等。
此外,实施方式涉及的治疗剂也可以根据需要含有以往使用的添加剂。作为添加剂,例如可以举出赋形剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、崩解剂、矫味矫臭剂、溶剂、稳定剂、基剂、湿润剂、保存剂等现有添加剂,但并不限定于这些。
实施方式涉及的治疗剂具有以下的效果。
(1)含有以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分的治疗剂会抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
(2)通过使治疗剂进一步含有抗癌剂,协同地抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
(恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法的实施方式)
以下,对实施方式涉及的恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法进行说明。
实施方式涉及的恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法包括:(1)测定工序,测定恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体的表达量;(2)判定工序,判定催产素受体的表达量是否为阈值以上;(3)选择工序,选择催产素受体的表达量为阈值以上的恶性间皮瘤患者。并且,该选择方法按照(1)、(2)、(3)的顺序进行。
测定工序中,恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体的表达量的测定只要能够测定催产素受体的表达量,则其方法不受到特别限定。作为催产素受体的表达量的测定方法,例如可以举出PCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction,聚合酶链式反应)、RT-PCR(ReverseTranscription-PCR,逆转录PCR)、诺瑟杂交(Northern blot)、微阵列、DNA芯片、RNA芯片等。
判定工序中,判定通过测定工序测定的催产素受体的表达量是否为阈值以上。判定工序中的阈值可以适当设定。
选择工序中,选择在判定工序中催产素受体的表达量为阈值以上的具有恶性间皮瘤组织的患者。
实施方式涉及的恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法起到以下的效果。
(1)可以选择在恶性间皮瘤组织中大量表达有催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤患者。因此,能够进行针对治疗剂的伴随诊断(Companion Diagnosis),所述治疗剂含有以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分。
以下举出实施例,对在本申请中公开的实施方式进行具体说明,但该实施例仅用于实施方式的说明。并不表示限定或限制本申请中公开的发明的范围。
实施例
[使用了异种移植模型的克利戈西班对恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
(实施例1)
体内(in vivo)研究了克利戈西班是否抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将5.0×106个恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2052(购自ATCC)给药裸鼠(BALB/c裸(nu/nu)雌性6~8周龄,购自日本查士利华(Charles River))的左臀部皮下。
(2)从皮下给药后3天后,以隔天共10次口服给药60mg/kg每次的克利戈西班(购自MedChemExpress)。
(3)从第10次口服给药起1周后,解剖裸鼠并测定皮下肿瘤的重量。
(比较例1)
未给药克利戈西班,除此以外,以与实施例1同样的步骤实施。
将结果示于图1。此外,实施例1使用4只裸鼠进行。因此,对于各个裸鼠为实施例1-1~实施例1-4。此外,对于比较例1也是同样的。图1示出给药了克利戈西班的实施例1的皮下肿瘤的重量与未给药克利戈西班的比较例1相比较小。此外,示出了实施例1与比较例1相比在统计学上显著地抑制皮下肿瘤的增殖。因此,示出了以催产素受体为靶向的克利戈西班可以作为恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂使用。
[恶性间皮瘤患者中的催产素受体的表达分析]
(实施例2)
从实施例1的结果可以看出,作为催产素受体抑制剂的克利戈西班抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。因此,分析了恶性间皮瘤中的催产素受体的表达。
使用数据库分析恶性间皮瘤患者87例。数据库中使用了对基因组/甲基化异常、基因/蛋白质表达异常进行全面分析的数据库癌症基因组图谱(The Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA;https://www.cancer.gov/about-nci/organization/ccg/research/structural-genomics/tcga)。
图2的A示出恶性间皮瘤患者87例的恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体的表达量的曲线图。示出了恶性间皮瘤患者87例中约4成与低表达病例相比1000倍以上高表达。此外,图2的B示出针对催产素受体的高表达组、中表达组和低表达组的总生存期的卡普兰-梅尔曲线。图2的B示出具有越高的催产素受体表达的病例倾向于预后越差。因此,示出了在预后差的恶性间皮瘤中大量表达有催产素受体。
[体外的克利戈西班对恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
(实施例3)
接着,研究了作为催产素受体抑制剂的克利戈西班在体外是否抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2052置于培养皿中培养一天。
(2)将克利戈西班以0、5、10、15、20或25μM的浓度给药至培养皿。
(3)在进行了5日培养之后,进行基于WST-1试验的评价。WST-1试验是给药细胞增殖试验药WST-1(产品编号:11644807001,购自罗氏(Roche))并通过比色法评价细胞增殖的试验法。
(实施例4)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-2373(购自ATCC)替换,以0、20、30、40、50或60μM的浓度向培养皿给药克利戈西班,除此以外,以与实施例3同样的步骤实施。
图3示出实施例3和实施例4的WST-1试验的结果。图3示出实施例3和实施例4中的任一个都随着克利戈西班浓度增加而抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。因此,示出了在体内和体外抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
[克利戈西班以外的催产素受体抑制剂的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
对于以小鼠确认了效果的克利戈西班,由于在体外确认了克利戈西班对两种恶性间皮瘤细胞也是有用的,因此,使用体外的实验系统,研究了克利戈西班以外的催产素受体抑制剂是否抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
(实施例5)
将催产素受体抑制剂用OT-R拮抗剂1(购自MedChemExpress)替换,以0、20、40、60或80μM的浓度向培养皿给药,除此以外,以与实施例3同样的步骤实施。
(实施例6)
将催产素受体抑制剂用OT-R拮抗剂1替换,以0、20、40、60或80μM的浓度向培养皿给药,除此以外,以与实施例4同样的步骤实施。
(实施例7)
将催产素受体抑制剂用L368,899盐酸盐(购自MedChemExpress)替换,除此以外,以与实施例5同样的步骤实施。
(实施例8)
将催产素受体抑制剂用L368,899盐酸盐替换,除此以外,以与实施例6同样的步骤实施。
(实施例9)
将催产素受体抑制剂用阿托西班(购自MedChemExpress),除此以外,以与实施例5同样的步骤实施。
(实施例10)
将催产素受体抑制剂用阿托西班替换,除此以外,以与实施例6同样的步骤实施。
图4示出实施例5~实施例10的WST-1试验的结果。图4示出实施例5~实施例10中的任一个都随着催产素受体抑制剂浓度增加而抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。因此,示出了催产素受体抑制剂可以作为恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂来使用。
[催产素受体的敲低引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制(1)]
研究了siRNA是否抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖,所述siRNA是以催产素受体为靶向的化合物。
(实施例11)
通过WST-1试验评价了通过siRNA敲低了催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2373置于培养皿中培养一天。
(2)使用siRNA1(产品编号s9947,购自赛默飞世尔科技公司(Thermo FisherScientific))敲低了催产素受体。
(3)在进行了4日培养之后,进行基于WST-1试验的评价。
(实施例12)
将siRNA1用siRNA2(产品编号s9948,购自赛默飞世尔科技公司)替换,除此以外,以与实施例11同样的步骤实施。
(实施例13)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,除此以外,以与实施例11同样的步骤实施。
(实施例14)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,除此以外,以与实施例12同样的步骤实施。
(比较例2)
(1)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用正常间皮的不死亡细胞株MeT-5A(购自ATCC)替换,(2)未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例11同样的步骤实施。
(比较例3)
使用siRNA1将催产素受体敲低,除此以外,以与比较例2同样的步骤实施。
(比较例4)
使用siRNA2将催产素受体敲低,除此以外,以与比较例2同样的步骤实施。
(比较例5)
未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例11同样的步骤实施。
(比较例6)
未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例13同样的步骤实施。
图5示出实施例11~实施例14和比较例2~比较例6的WST-1试验的结果。图5示出敲低了恶性间皮瘤细胞的催产素受体的实施例11~实施例14与未敲低恶性间皮瘤细胞的催产素受体的比较例5和比较例6相比,抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。此外,在图5中,在正常间皮的细胞株中,敲低了催产素受体的比较例3和比较例4与未敲低催产素受体的比较例2相比,增殖的抑制也没有显著的差别。因此,认为对于表达有催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制,以催产素受体为靶向的siRNA是有用的。因此,以催产素受体为靶向的siRNA可以作为恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂来使用。
[催产素受体的敲低而产生的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制(2)]
(实施例15)
通过群落形成试验评价了使用siRNA敲低了催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2373置于培养皿中培养一天。
(2)使用siRNA1将催产素受体敲低。
(3)48小时后将敲低了催产素受体的NCI-H2373置于新的培养皿中。
(4)培养2周后,通过对群落的形成数进行计数的群落形成试验进行了评价。
(实施例16)
将siRNA1用siRNA2替换,除此以外,以与实施例15同样的步骤实施。
(实施例17)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,除此以外,以与实施例15同样的步骤实施。
(实施例18)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,除此以外,以与实施例16同样的步骤实施。
(比较例7)
未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例15同样的步骤实施。
(比较例8)
未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例17同样的步骤实施。
图6的A和图6的B示出实施例15~实施例18、比较例7和比较例8的群落形成试验的结果。图6的A和图6的B示出敲低了恶性间皮瘤细胞的催产素受体的实施例15~实施例18与未敲低恶性间皮瘤细胞的催产素受体的比较例7和比较例8相比,抑制了群落形成。因此,示出了实施例15~实施例18与实施例11~实施例14同样地抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
[使用了异种移植模型的催产素受体的敲低引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
(实施例19)
在体内研究了恒定敲低催产素受体的shRNA是否抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
步骤如下所示。
(1)对293FT细胞株(购自赛默飞世尔)转染pMD2.G(质粒#12259(Plasmid#12259),购自Addgene)、psPAX2(质粒#12260(Plasmid#12260),购自Addgene)、以及编入有敲低催产素受体的序列的具有shRNA结构的pLKO.1puro(pLKO.1puro with shRNA construct)(质粒#10878(Plasmid#10878),购自Addgene)这3种质粒,制作慢病毒(Lentivirus)。
(2)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2373置于培养皿中培养一天。
(3)使用上述(1)中制作的慢病毒,将shRNA导入NCI-H2373,恒定敲低催产素受体。
(4)培养敲低了催产素受体的NCI-H2373。
(5)将1.5×106个培养好的敲低了催产素受体的NCI-H2373给药裸鼠(BALB/c裸(nu/nu)雌性6周龄,购自日本查士利华)的左臀部皮下。
(6)皮下给药后1个月后,解剖裸鼠并测定皮下肿瘤的重量。
(实施例20)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,除此以外,以与实施例19同样的步骤实施。
(比较例9)
使用将编入有敲低催产素受体的序列的具有shRNA结构的pLKO.1puro(pLKO.1puro with shRNA construct)用Scramble shRNA(质粒#1864(Plasmid#1864),购自Addgene)替换而制作的慢病毒,未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例19同样的步骤实施。
(比较例10)
使用将编入有敲低催产素受体的序列的具有shRNA结构的pLKO.1puro(pLKO.1puro with shRNA construct)用Scramble shRNA替换而制作的慢病毒,未敲低催产素受体,除此以外,以与实施例20同样的步骤实施。
将结果示于图7。图7示出敲低了催产素受体的实施例19和实施例20的任一个都与未敲低催产素受体的比较例9和比较例10相比,皮下肿瘤的重量变小。因此,以催产素受体为靶向的shRNA可以作为恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂来使用。
[以催产素受体为靶向的化合物与抗癌剂的并用引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
(实施例21)
通过WST-1试验评价了克利戈西班与顺铂的并用引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2373置于培养皿中培养一天。
(2)向培养皿中给药克利戈西班45μM和顺铂(产品编号033-20091,购自富士胶片和光纯药株式会社)6μM。
(3)在进行了5日培养之后,进行基于WST-1试验的评价。
(实施例22)
仅给药克利戈西班45μM,除此以外,以与实施例21同样的步骤实施。
(实施例23)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,向培养皿中给药克利戈西班15μM和顺铂0.8μM,除此以外,以与实施例21同样的步骤实施。
(实施例24)
将恶性间皮瘤细胞株用NCI-H2052替换,给药克利戈西班15μM,除此以外,以与实施例22同样的步骤实施。
(比较例11)
未给药克利戈西班45μM和顺铂6μM,除此以外,以与实施例21同样的步骤实施。
(比较例12)
仅给药6μM顺铂,除此以外,以与实施例21同样的步骤实施。
(比较例13)
未给药克利戈西班15μM和顺铂0.8μM,除此以外,以与实施例23同样的步骤实施。
(比较例14)
仅给药顺铂0.8μM,除此以外,以与实施例23同样的步骤实施。
图8示出实施例21~实施例24和比较例11~比较例14的WST-1试验的结果。图8示出对恶性间皮瘤细胞给药克利戈西班和顺铂这两者或其中任一个的实施例21~实施例24、比较例12和比较例14与未给药克利戈西班和顺铂的比较例11和比较例13相比,抑制了恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。此外,示出了给药克利戈西班和顺铂这两者的实施例21和实施例23与给药克利戈西班和顺铂中的任一个的实施例22、实施例24、比较例12和比较例14相比,进一步抑制恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖。
从以上的实施例1~实施例24可知,以催产素受体为靶向的化合物可以作为恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂使用。此外,以催产素受体为靶向的化合物对表达催产素受体的恶性间皮瘤是有效的。因此,通过在恶性间皮瘤患者的恶性间皮瘤组织中测定催产素受体的表达量,示出了该治疗剂的伴随诊断的可能性。
[恶性间皮瘤的现有标准治疗药、克利戈西班、以及现有标准治疗药和克利戈西班的并用引起的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制]
(实施例25)
在作为恶性间皮瘤的现有标准治疗药物的顺铂和培美曲塞的联合用药中,进一步研究并用克利戈西班时的恶性间皮瘤细胞的增殖抑制。
步骤如下所示。
(1)将5.0×106个恶性间皮瘤细胞株NCI-H2052(购自ATCC)给药裸鼠(BALB/c裸(nu/nu)雌性6~8周龄,购自日本查士利华)的左臀部皮下。
(2)从皮下给药后7天后,以隔天共10次口服给药60mg/kg每次的克利戈西班(购自MedChemExpress)。
(3)在皮下给药后7天后,将2mg/kg的顺铂(产品编号033-20091,购自富士胶片和光纯药株式会社)、25mg/kg的培美曲塞二钠七水合物(产品编号161-26263,购自富士胶片和光纯药株式会社)向尾静脉注射1次。
(4)从第10次口服给药克利戈西班起2天后,解剖裸鼠并测定皮下肿瘤的重量。
(实施例26)
未给药顺铂和培美曲塞,除此以外,以与实施例25同样的步骤实施。
(比较例15)
未给药克利戈西班、以及顺铂和培美曲塞,除此以外,以与实施例25同样的步骤实施。
(比较例16)
未给药克利戈西班,除此以外,以与实施例25同样的步骤实施。
将结果示于图9。此外,实施例25使用3只裸鼠。因此,对从裸鼠摘出的各个肿瘤,标注了实施例25-1~实施例25-3。此外,在实施例26中使用2只、比较例15中使用3只、比较例16中使用2只裸鼠,与实施例25同样地标注编号。
如图9所示,给药克利戈西班的实施例26的皮下肿瘤的重量与给药恶性间皮瘤的现有标准治疗药(即,顺铂和培美曲塞)的比较例16的皮下肿瘤的重量相比变小。令人惊讶的是,克利戈西班即使单独使用也比现有标准治疗药有效。
进而,还示出了并用克利戈西班、以及顺铂和培美曲塞的实施例25与实施例26和比较例16相比,皮下肿瘤的重量变小。因此,示出了克利戈西班通过与恶性间皮瘤的现有治疗药并用,能够得到从现有技术无法预测的显著的治疗效果。
工业利用性
在迄今尚未确立有效的治疗剂和治疗方法的恶性间皮瘤的治疗领域中是有用的。
Claims (10)
1.一种恶性间皮瘤的治疗剂,其中,所述治疗剂包含以催产素受体为靶向的化合物作为有效成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的治疗剂,其中,所述化合物为催产素受体抑制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的治疗剂,其中,所述催产素受体抑制剂为选自由克利戈西班、OT-R拮抗剂1、L368,899盐酸盐和阿托西班组成的组中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的治疗剂,其中,所述催产素受体抑制剂为瑞托西班。
5.根据权利要求1所述的治疗剂,其中,所述化合物为核酸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的治疗剂,其中,所述核酸为siRNA或shRNA。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的治疗剂,其中,所述治疗剂还包含抗癌剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的治疗剂,其中,所述抗癌剂为顺铂。
9.根据权利要求7所述的治疗剂,其中,所述抗癌剂为顺铂和培美曲塞。
10.一种恶性间皮瘤患者的选择方法,所述选择方法包括:
测定工序,测定恶性间皮瘤组织中的催产素受体的表达量;
判定工序,判定催产素受体的表达量是否为阈值以上;
选择工序,选择催产素受体的表达量为阈值以上的恶性间皮瘤患者。
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