CN116148970A

CN116148970A - Optical module and display device

Info

Publication number: CN116148970A
Application number: CN202310156485.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘炜程; 杨浩
Original assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-22
Filing date: 2023-02-22
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Also published as: WO2024174952A1

Abstract

The application discloses an optical assembly and a display device, and relates to the technical field of optical assemblies. The optical component comprises a waveguide matrix, a coupling-in piece, a coupling-out piece and a Dammann grating, wherein the waveguide matrix comprises a coupling-in section, a coupling-out section and a waveguide section connected between the coupling-in section and the coupling-out section, the coupling-in section is used for receiving light, the waveguide section is used for transmitting the light received from the coupling-in section to the coupling-out section, and the light is emitted from the coupling-out section; the coupling-in piece is arranged on the coupling-in section and is used for changing the propagation direction of light so that the light propagates from the coupling-in section to the waveguide section and enters the coupling-out section through the waveguide section; the coupling-out piece is arranged at one side of the coupling-out section in the first direction; the Dammann grating is arranged on one side of the coupling-out section, which is far away from the coupling-out piece in the first direction, so that light passing through the Dammann grating is arrayed in the second direction and the third direction, wherein the coupling-out piece is used for changing the propagation direction of the light so that the light entering the coupling-out section propagates to the position of the Dammann grating along the first direction.

Description

Optical module and display device

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of optical components, and particularly relates to an optical component and a display device.

Background

In the related art, the optical component is an optical component for guiding an image signal to human eyes, and the optical component is widely applied in various display devices, for example, the optical component is often applied to display devices such as AR glasses, VR glasses, holographic display devices, wearable intelligent display devices and the like, so that a user can intuitively experience an image of a virtual world, and the visual experience of the user is enhanced.

Currently, there are many optical components that utilize the total reflection properties of a waveguide substrate and the diffraction properties of a diffraction grating to direct the propagation of an image signal to the human eye. However, as light continuously exits and totally reflects between the coupling-out grating and the waveguide substrate, the energy of the light exiting from different positions of the coupling-out grating is different, so that the uniformity of the light exiting from the optical assembly is low, and the experience effect of a user is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide an optical assembly and a display device, and at least solves the technical problem that the uniformity of light distribution emitted from the optical assembly is low.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical assembly, including a waveguide substrate, an in-coupling member, an out-coupling member, and a dammann grating, where the waveguide substrate includes an in-coupling section, an out-coupling section, and a waveguide section connected between the in-coupling section and the out-coupling section, the in-coupling section is configured to receive light, the waveguide section is configured to propagate the light received from the in-coupling section to the out-coupling section, and the light is emitted from the out-coupling section; the coupling-in piece is arranged on the coupling-in section and is used for changing the propagation direction of light so that the light propagates from the coupling-in section to the waveguide section and enters the coupling-out section through the waveguide section; the coupling-out piece is arranged at one side of the coupling-out section in the first direction; the Dammann grating is arranged on one side of the coupling-out section, which is far away from the coupling-out piece in the first direction, so that light passing through the Dammann grating is arrayed in the second direction and the third direction, wherein the coupling-out piece is used for changing the propagation direction of the light so that the light entering the coupling-out section propagates to the Dammann grating along the first direction, and the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are intersected in pairs.

In a second aspect, the present application also provides a display device comprising a light source for injecting light into an incoupling segment or incoupling member, and an optical assembly as provided in the first aspect.

In the optical component provided by the application, the optical component comprises a waveguide matrix, a coupling-in piece, a coupling-out piece and a dammann grating, wherein the coupling-in piece is arranged on the coupling-in section, and can be used for changing the propagation direction of light, so that the light incident on the coupling-in piece can be changed in propagation direction after being influenced by the coupling-in piece and emitted out of the coupling-in piece, and the light can be propagated from the coupling-in section of the waveguide matrix to the waveguide section and reflected in the waveguide section, and the light reflected in the waveguide section can be continuously propagated to the coupling-in section. The coupling-out piece and the Dammann grating are respectively arranged at two sides of the coupling-out section in the first direction, and the coupling-out piece can be used for receiving light entering the coupling-in section and changing the propagation direction of the light, so that the light entering the coupling-out piece can be changed in propagation direction after being influenced by the coupling-out piece and being emitted out of the coupling-out piece, and the light can be propagated towards the Xiang Daman grating. The Dammann grating is a two-dimensional grating, and light emitted from the coupling-out piece can be distributed in an array mode in the second direction and the third direction after passing through the Dammann grating, so that uniformity of light emitted from the optical component is improved, and experience effect of a user is enhanced.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

For a clearer description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Dammann grating and a first orthographic projection falling on a reference plane according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a Dammann grating and a first orthographic projection falling on a reference plane according to other embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spot falling on a reference plane according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a spot falling on a reference plane according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an optical assembly according to further embodiments of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device according to some embodiments of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

10-a display device;

1-an optical component; 11-a waveguide substrate; 111-an in-coupling section; 111 a-light entrance side; 111 b-non-light entry side; 112-a waveguide segment; 113-an out-coupling section; 113 a-light exit side; 113 b-non-light exit side; 12-coupling-in member; 13-a coupling-out; 14-Dammann grating; 141-a first phase section; 142-a second phase section; 143-first orthographic projection; 143 a-a first side; 143 b-a second side; 143 c-a third side; 143 d-fourth side; 143 e-a first split edge; 143 f-a second split edge; 143 g-first sub-projection; 143 h-second sub-projection; 143 i-third sub-projection; 143 j-fourth sub-projections; 144-a body portion;

2-light spots;

3-a light source;

a 4-collimation system;

x-a first direction;

y-a second direction;

z-a third direction;

a P-reference plane;

i-diffraction angle;

k-a preset angle.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application are described in detail below to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, and to further describe the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended to be illustrative of the application and are not intended to be limiting. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by showing examples thereof, and in the drawings and the following description, at least some well-known structures and techniques are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present application; also, the dimensions of some of the structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

In this context, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Moreover, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.

The directional terms appearing in the following description are all directions shown in the drawings and do not limit the specific structure of the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the terms in the present application can be understood as appropriate by one of ordinary skill in the art.

In the related art, there are many optical components that utilize the total reflection characteristics of a waveguide substrate and the diffraction characteristics of a diffraction grating to guide the propagation of an image signal to the human eye. The applicant researches find that, as most of optical components need to expand light in one or two dimensions, that is, light entering the optical components always needs to be emitted and totally reflected between the coupling-out grating and the waveguide matrix in the optical components, so that the light can be emitted from different positions of the coupling-out grating, and thus one-dimensional or two-dimensional expansion of the light is realized, the light emitted from the optical components has a larger field angle, but the energy of the light emitted from different positions of the coupling-out grating is different, so that the uniformity of the distribution of the light emitted from the optical components is lower, and the experience effect of users is reduced.

In order to solve the technical problems, the application is provided. For a better understanding of the present application, the optical assembly and the display device according to the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical component 1 according to some embodiments of the present application, fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the optical component 1 according to some embodiments of the present application, in which an X direction is a first direction, a Y direction is a second direction, a Z direction is a third direction, and a dashed path in fig. 1 and 2 represents a path of light.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the present application provides an optical component 1, where the optical component 1 includes a waveguide substrate 11, an in-coupling member 12, an out-coupling member 13, and a dammann grating 14, the waveguide substrate 11 includes an in-coupling section 111, an out-coupling section 113, and a waveguide section 112 connected between the in-coupling section 111 and the out-coupling section 113, the in-coupling section 111 is used for receiving light, the waveguide section 112 is used for transmitting the light received from the in-coupling section 111 to the out-coupling section 113, and the light is emitted from the out-coupling section 113; the coupling-in member 12 is disposed on the coupling-in section 111, and the coupling-in member 12 is configured to change a propagation direction of light so that the light propagates from the coupling-in section 111 to the waveguide section 112 and enters the coupling-out section 113 through the waveguide section 112; the coupling-out piece 13 is arranged at one side of the coupling-out section 113 in the first direction X; the dammann grating 14 is disposed on a side of the coupling-out section 113 away from the coupling-out member 13 in the first direction X, the dammann grating 14 enables light passing through the dammann grating 14 to be arrayed in the second direction Y and the third direction Z, wherein the coupling-out member 13 is configured to change a propagation direction of the light, so that the light entering the coupling-out section 113 propagates to the dammann grating 14 along the first direction X, and the first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z intersect each other.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the optical component 1 provided in the present application, the optical component 1 includes a waveguide substrate 11, an coupling-in member 12, a coupling-out member 13, and a dammann grating 14, where the coupling-in member 12 is disposed on the coupling-in section 111, and the coupling-in member 12 can be used to change a propagation direction of light, so that the light incident on the coupling-in member 12 can be changed in propagation direction after being influenced by the coupling-in member 12 and being emitted from the coupling-in member 12, so that the light can propagate from the coupling-in section 111 of the waveguide substrate 11 to the waveguide section 112 and be reflected in the waveguide section 112, and the light reflected in the waveguide section 112 can be continuously propagated to the coupling-in section 111. The coupling-out member 13 and the dammann grating 14 are disposed on two sides of the coupling-out section 113 in the first direction X, and the coupling-out member 13 can be used for receiving the light entering the coupling-in section 111 and changing the propagation direction of the light, so that the light entering the coupling-out member 13 can be changed in propagation direction after being influenced by the coupling-out member 13 and being emitted from the coupling-out member 13, and the light can be propagated toward the dammann grating 14. The dammann grating 14 is a two-dimensional grating, and light emitted from the coupling-out piece 13 can be distributed in an array in the second direction Y and the third direction Z after passing through the dammann grating 14, so that the uniformity of light emitted from the optical component 1 is improved, and the experience effect of a user is enhanced.

In some embodiments, the material of the waveguide substrate 11 may be a material with a higher refractive index, so that light can be totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 11 to improve the propagation efficiency of the light. In some embodiments, the material of the waveguide substrate 11 may also have a better transparency, thereby giving the waveguide substrate 11a better transparent appearance.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the coupling-in member 12 may be configured to change the propagation direction of the light so that the light is totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 11, for example, when the light is incident on the optical component 1 along the first direction X, the coupling-in member 12 is a one-dimensional grating and the outer surface of the coupling-in member 12 for diffraction is disposed perpendicular to the first direction X, the relationship between the diffraction angle of the coupling-in member 12 and the total reflection angle of the waveguide substrate 11 may be as follows: i is greater than j, wherein i is a diffraction angle, and j is a total reflection angle, so that light can be sufficiently transmitted in the waveguide substrate 11 after entering the waveguide substrate 11, the light is not easy to exit the waveguide substrate 11, and the transmission efficiency of the light in the optical component 1 is improved.

In some embodiments, the outcoupling member 13 may be configured to receive light that is totally reflected within the waveguide matrix 11 and will change the propagation direction of the light such that the light is able to be directed towards the dammann grating 14 in the first direction X.

In some embodiments, the dammann grating 14 may be etched by spin coating a photoresist on a substrate of a transparent material, which may be any transparent material such as resin, siO2, mgF2, etc., and using holographic or nanoimprint techniques.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the dammann grating 14 is a two-dimensional grating, and when light enters the dammann grating 14 along the first direction X, the dammann grating 14 can diffract the light sufficiently, so that the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can be arrayed in the second direction Y and the third direction Z.

In some embodiments, when the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y and the third direction Z, the light passing through the dammann grating 14 is incident on the reference plane P perpendicular to the first direction X, the light can be arrayed on the reference plane P in the second direction Y and the third direction Z, and the light spots 2 with similar light intensities arrayed in the second direction Y and the third direction Z are displayed on the reference plane P, so that the overall intensity of the light passing through the dammann grating 14 has better uniformity, and the intensity of the light entering the eyes of the user can be more uniform.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dammann grating 14 and the first orthographic projection 143 falling on the reference plane P according to some embodiments of the present application, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dammann grating 14 and the first orthographic projection 143 falling on the reference plane P according to other embodiments of the present application.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the front projection of the dammann grating 14 in the first direction X is a first front projection 143, and the first front projection 143 is a parallelogram and includes a first side 143a, a second side 143b, a third side 143c and a fourth side 143d connected end to end, where the first side 143a and the third side 143c are spaced apart in the second direction Y, and the second side 143b and the fourth side 143d are spaced apart in the third direction Z.

The first orthographic projection 143 is internally provided with a first division edge 143e and a second division edge 143f, the first division edge 143e is connected between the second side edge 143b and the fourth side edge 143d and is parallel to the first side edge 143a and the third side edge 143c, the distance between the first division edge 143e and the first side edge 143a is a first distance, the distance between the first side edge 143a and the third side edge 143c is a second distance, the first distance is a times of the second distance, and a is greater than or equal to 0.72 and less than or equal to 0.74; and/or, the second dividing edge 143f is connected between the first side edge 143a and the third side edge 143c and parallel to the second side edge 143b and the fourth side edge 143d, the distance between the second dividing edge 143f and the second side edge 143b is a third distance, the distance between the second side edge 143b and the fourth side edge 143d is a fourth distance, the third distance is b times the fourth distance, and b is greater than or equal to 0.72 and less than or equal to 0.74.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a light spot 2 falling on a reference plane P according to some embodiments of the present application, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a light spot 2 falling on a reference plane P according to other embodiments of the present application, and a dotted line in fig. 5 and 6 is a line connecting the light spots 2.

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, in the present embodiment, the first side 143a, the third side 143c, and the first dividing side 143e are parallel to the third direction Z, the second side 143b, the fourth side 143d, and the second dividing side 143f are parallel to the second direction Y, the first dividing side 143e and the second dividing side 143f can divide the first orthographic projection 143 into a first sub-projection 143g, a second sub-projection 143h, a third sub-projection 143i, and a fourth sub-projection 143j, wherein the first sub-projection 143g and the second sub-projection 143h are adjacent in the third direction Z, the first sub-projection 143g and the third sub-projection 143i are adjacent in the second direction Y, the fourth sub-projection 143j and the third sub-projection 143i are adjacent in the third direction Z, and the fourth sub-projection 143j and the second sub-projection 143h are adjacent in the second direction Y. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the dammann grating 14 may include a first phase portion 141 having a phase pi and a second phase portion 142 having a phase 0, and the first phase portion 141 and the second phase portion 142 may be disposed corresponding to the respective sub-projection positions described above, so that the light passing through the dammann grating 14 may be distributed in an array in the second direction Y and the third direction Z.

As shown in fig. 3 to 6, for example, orthographic projections of the first phase portion 141 in the first direction X may be provided as a first sub-projection 143g and a fourth sub-projection 143j, orthographic projections of the second phase portion 142 in the first direction X may be provided as a second sub-projection 143h and a third sub-projection 143i; or, the orthographic projection of the second phase portion 142 in the first direction X may be set as a first sub-projection 143g and a fourth sub-projection 143j, and the orthographic projection of the first phase portion 141 in the first direction X may be set as a second sub-projection 143h and a third sub-projection 143i, so that nine light spots 2 distributed in an array with similar light intensity on the reference plane P may be provided, and the outer profile shapes of the light spots 2 arranged are the same as those of the first orthographic projection 143 and are all parallelograms, thereby realizing the array distribution of the light passing through the dammann grating 14 in the second direction Y and the third direction Z, and improving the uniformity of the overall intensity of the light passing through the dammann grating 14.

In some embodiments, the value of a may be greater than or equal to 0.7349 and less than or equal to 0.7353, such that the light intensity of the individual spots 2 is more closely related to further promote uniformity of the overall intensity of light passing through the dammann grating 14. In some embodiments, a may have a value of 0.73526.

In some embodiments, the value of b may be greater than or equal to 0.7349 and less than or equal to 0.7353, such that the light intensity of the individual spots 2 is more closely related to further promote uniformity of the overall intensity of light passing through the dammann grating 14. In some embodiments, b may have a value of 0.73526.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in the present embodiment, since the arrangement shape of the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can be affected by the arrangement shapes of the first side 143a, the second side 143b, the third side 143c, the fourth side 143d, the first dividing side 143e and the second dividing side 143f, for example, when the first orthographic projection 143 is rectangular, the outline of the line of the light spot 2 on the reference plane P is also rectangular. For another example, when the first orthographic projection 143 is diamond-shaped, the outline of the line connecting the light spots 2 on the reference plane P is also diamond-shaped. Therefore, the arrangement shape of the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can be regulated and controlled by reasonably setting the shape of the first orthographic projection 143, so that the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can have a larger distribution range in the first direction X and the second direction Y, and the visible range of the light emitted in the optical component 1 is improved.

As shown in fig. 6, in some embodiments, the shape of the first orthographic projection 143 is diamond-shaped, such that the outline of the line connecting the spots 2 impinging on the reference plane P is also diamond-shaped. The prismatic shape is a symmetrical shape and has a long diagonal line and a short diagonal line, and the long diagonal line is longer than the short diagonal line, so that the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can have a wider distribution range in the extending direction of the long diagonal line, the light passing through the dammann grating 14 has a narrower distribution range in the extending direction of the short diagonal line, and the rotatable angle of the human eye in the horizontal direction is larger than the rotatable angle of the human eye in the vertical direction, therefore, the long diagonal line direction of the diamond obtained by connecting the light spot 2 on the reference plane P is parallel to the horizontal direction of the human eye by adjusting the setting position of the dammann grating 14, and the short diagonal line direction of the diamond is parallel to the vertical direction of the human eye, so that the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can better accord with the visual field range distribution characteristic of the human eye, and the use experience of a user is greatly improved.

In some embodiments, the included angle between the first side 143a and the second side 143b may be 30 ° to 60 °, that is, the included angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z may be 30 ° to 60 °, so that the diamond obtained by the connection line of the light spot 2 on the reference plane P has a better ratio of long diagonal to short diagonal, and the light passing through the dammann grating 14 can further conform to the field of view distribution characteristic of human eyes.

In some embodiments, the angle between the first side edge 143a and the second side edge 143b may be 45 °, i.e., the angle between the second direction Y and the third direction Z may be 45 °.

In some embodiments, the in-coupling member 12 and the out-coupling member 13 may be any optical element for changing the propagation direction of light. In some embodiments, the coupling-in member 12 and the coupling-out member 13 may have a certain light transmittance, so that the coupling-in member 12, the coupling-out member 13 and the waveguide substrate 11 do not have an excessive appearance difference when the optical component 1 is observed by a user's naked eyes, so as to improve the appearance quality of the optical component 1.

In some embodiments, the coupling-in section 111 has an opposite light-in side 111a and a non-light-in side 111b in the first direction X, from which light entering the optical component 1 can be injected into the waveguide matrix 11. In some embodiments, the coupling-out segment 113 has an opposite light-out side 113a and a non-light-out side 113b in the first direction X, and light entering the optical assembly 1 can exit the optical assembly 1 from the light-out side 113 a.

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to further embodiments of the present application, the dashed path in fig. 7 representing the path of light.

As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the in-coupling and out-

coupling members

12, 13 are one-dimensional gratings such that light entering the optical component 1 can be diffracted under the influence of the in-coupling and out-

coupling members

12, 13, thereby allowing light to propagate within the waveguide substrate 11 and exit the optical component 1 from the out-coupling section 113. In this embodiment, the designed one-dimensional grating pattern may be transferred onto the photoresist by holographic exposure or nanoimprint, and then transferred onto the surface of the material of the waveguide substrate 11 by development and etching to form the coupling-in member 12 or the coupling-out member 13.

Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to further embodiments of the present application, the dashed path in fig. 8 representing the path of light.

As shown in fig. 8, in some embodiments, the coupling-in member 12 and the coupling-out member 13 are half-mirrors, and the coupling-in member 12 is disposed on the non-light-in side 111b, so that the light incident into the optical component 1 can be reflected under the influence of the coupling-in member 12 and the coupling-out member 13, thereby enabling the light to propagate in the waveguide substrate 11 and exit the optical component 1 from the coupling-out section 113.

In some embodiments, the outer surface of the half mirror for reflecting light has a predetermined angle with the first direction X, and the relationship between the predetermined angle and the total reflection angle of the waveguide substrate 11 may be as follows: k < 90 ° -j/2, where k is a preset angle and j is a total reflection angle, so that light entering the coupling-in section 111 in the first direction X can be totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 11 after being reflected by the coupling-in member 12, and finally can be directed to the dammann grating 14 in the first direction X after being reflected by the coupling-out member 13.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to still other embodiments of the present application, fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to still other embodiments of the present application, and the dashed paths in fig. 9 and 10 represent paths of light.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 9, the coupling-in element 12 is a half mirror, the coupling-out element 13 is a one-dimensional grating, and the coupling-in element 12 is disposed on the non-light-incident side 111b; alternatively, as shown in fig. 10, the coupling-in element 12 is a one-dimensional grating, and the coupling-out element 13 is a half mirror.

In some embodiments, when one of the coupling-in member 12 and the coupling-out member 13 is a one-dimensional grating and the other is a half mirror, the diffraction angle of the light in the one-dimensional grating and the preset angle of the half mirror can be satisfied: i=180° -2k, where i is the diffraction angle and k is the preset angle, so that light entering the coupling-in section 111 in the first direction X can be totally reflected in the waveguide substrate 11 after being reflected by the coupling-in element 12, and finally can be directed towards the dammann grating 14 in the first direction X after being reflected by the coupling-out element 13.

Fig. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to some embodiments of the present application, fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional schematic view of an optical assembly 1 according to other embodiments of the present application, and the dashed paths in fig. 11 and 12 represent paths of light.

In any of the foregoing embodiments, when the coupling-in member 12 is a one-dimensional grating, as shown in fig. 11, the coupling-in member 12 may be a transmissive one-dimensional grating and disposed on the light incident side 111a of the coupling-in section 111, so that the light can generate a change of propagation direction after passing through the coupling-in member 12 to propagate from the coupling-in section 111 to the waveguide section 112. In any of the foregoing embodiments, when the coupling-in member 12 is a one-dimensional grating, as shown in fig. 12, the coupling-in member 12 may also be a reflective one-dimensional grating and disposed on the non-light-incident side 111b of the coupling-in section 111, so that after light enters the coupling-in section 111 from the light-incident side 111a and impinges on the coupling-in member 12, the light can be influenced by the coupling-in member 12 to generate reflective diffraction to change the propagation direction, so that the light can propagate from the coupling-in section 111 to the waveguide section 112.

Fig. 13 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of an optical assembly 1 according to still further embodiments of the present application, with the dashed path in fig. 13 representing the path of light.

As shown in fig. 13, in any of the foregoing embodiments, when the coupling-out member 13 is a one-dimensional grating, the coupling-out member 13 may be a reflective one-dimensional grating and disposed on the non-light-emitting side 113b of the coupling-out section 113, and the dammann grating 14 may be disposed on the light-emitting side 113a of the coupling-out section 113, so that the light incident on the coupling-out member 13 can be influenced by the coupling-in member 12 to generate reflective diffraction to change the propagation direction, so that the light can propagate toward the dammann grating 14 and finally exit the optical component 1 through the dammann grating 14.

As shown in fig. 7-13, in some embodiments, the optical assembly 1 further includes a body portion 144, at least a portion of the body portion 144 being disposed around the waveguide segment 112, the body portion 144 being capable of providing protection to the waveguide substrate 11. By setting the refractive index of the body portion 144 smaller than that of the waveguide substrate 11, light can be propagated to the coupling-out section 113 after total reflection occurs in the waveguide section 112.

In the present embodiment, the relationship between the refractive index of the main body portion 144, the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 11, and the total reflection angle within the waveguide substrate 11 may satisfy: j=arcsin (n 2/n 1), where j is the total reflection angle, n1 is the refractive index of the waveguide substrate 11, and n2 is the refractive index of the main body 144.

In some embodiments, the material of the main body 144 may be a material with a low refractive index and high transparency, so that the optical component 1 has a better transparent appearance.

Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a display device 10 according to some embodiments of the present application, with the dashed path in fig. 14 representing the path of light.

As shown in fig. 14, the present application also provides a display device 10, the display device 10 including a light source 3 and the optical assembly 1 in any of the above embodiments; the light source 3 is used to inject light into the coupling-in section 111 or the coupling-in element 12.

In some embodiments, the light source 3 may be a micro-display, which may be used to display a specific image.

In the embodiment of the present application, the display device 10 may be a display device 10 such as AR (Augmented Reality) glasses, VR (Virtual Reality) glasses, holographic display devices, wearable smart glasses, and the like. Wherein the optical assembly 1 can be used for receiving and transmitting the light emitted by the light source 3 and enabling the light passing through the optical assembly 1 to have better uniformity for display into the human eye.

As shown in fig. 14, in some embodiments, the coupling-in section 111 has an opposite light-in side 111a and a non-light-in side 111b in the first direction X, the light source 3 is disposed on the light-in side 111a of the coupling-in section 111, the collimation system 4 is disposed between the light source 3 and the optical component 1, and the collimation system 4 is used for changing the propagation direction of light, so that the light emitted from the light source 3 propagates to the optical component 1 along the first direction X, and the light can be more intensively incident into the optical component 1 and is affected by the coupling-in element 12 to generate total reflection in the waveguide substrate 11.

In the foregoing, only the specific embodiments of the present application are described, and it will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein. It should be understood that the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, which are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An optical assembly (1), characterized in that the optical assembly (1) comprises:

-a waveguide substrate (11), the waveguide substrate (11) comprising an in-coupling section (111), an out-coupling section (113) and a waveguide section (112) connected between the in-coupling section (111) and the out-coupling section (113), the in-coupling section (111) being adapted to receive light, the waveguide section (112) being adapted to propagate the light received from the in-coupling section (111) to the out-coupling section (113), the light being emitted from the out-coupling section (113);

-a coupling-in member (12), the coupling-in member (12) being arranged at the coupling-in section (111), the coupling-in member (12) being adapted to change the propagation direction of the light such that the light propagates from the coupling-in section (111) to a waveguide section (112) and enters the coupling-out section (113) through the waveguide section (112);

a coupling-out member (13), the coupling-out member (13) being arranged at one side of the coupling-out section (113) in a first direction;

a Dammann grating (14), the Dammann grating (14) being arranged on a side of the coupling-out section (113) remote from the coupling-out member (13) in the first direction, the Dammann grating (14) being such that the light passing through the Dammann grating (14) is arrayed in a second direction and a third direction,

wherein the outcoupling member (13) is configured to change a propagation direction of the light such that the light entering the outcoupling segment (113) propagates in the first direction to the dammann grating (14), the first direction, the second direction and the third direction intersecting each other.

2. The optical assembly (1) according to claim 1, wherein the orthographic projection of the dammann grating (14) in the first direction is a first orthographic projection (143), the first orthographic projection (143) being a parallelogram and comprising a first side (143 a), a second side (143 b), a third side (143 c) and a fourth side (143 d) connected end to end, the first side (143 a) and the third side (143 c) being arranged at a distance in the second direction, and the second side (143 b) and the fourth side (143 d) being arranged at a distance in the third direction.

3. The optical assembly (1) according to claim 2, wherein a first dividing edge (143 e) and a second dividing edge (143 f) are arranged in the first orthographic projection (143), the first dividing edge (143 e) is connected between a second side edge (143 b) and a fourth side edge (143 d) and parallel to the first side edge (143 a) and the third side edge (143 c), a distance between the first dividing edge (143 e) and the first side edge (143 a) is a first distance, a distance between the first side edge (143 a) and the third side edge (143 c) is a second distance, and the first distance is a times the second distance, a is greater than or equal to 0.72 and less than or equal to 0.74.

4. The optical assembly (1) according to claim 2, wherein the second dividing edge (143 f) is connected between the first side edge (143 a) and the third side edge (143 c) and parallel to the second side edge (143 b) and the fourth side edge (143 d), the spacing between the second dividing edge (143 f) and the second side edge (143 b) being a third spacing, the spacing between the second side edge (143 b) and the fourth side edge (143 d) being a fourth spacing, the third spacing being b times the fourth spacing, b being greater than or equal to 0.72 and less than or equal to 0.74.

5. The optical assembly (1) according to claim 2, wherein the first orthographic projection (143) has a diamond shape, and the angle between the first side (143 a) and the second side (143 b) is 30 ° to 60 °.

6. An optical assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coupling-in member (12) and the coupling-out member (13) are one-dimensional gratings.

7. The optical assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the coupling-in member (12) and the coupling-out member (13) are half-mirrors, the coupling-in section (111) having opposite light-in sides (111 a) and non-light-in sides (111 b) (111 a) in the first direction, the coupling-in member (12) being arranged at the non-light-in sides (111 b) (111 a).

8. The optical assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the incoupling member (12) is a half mirror, the incoupling member (13) is a one-dimensional grating, the incoupling section (111) having opposite light-entering sides (111 a) and non-light-entering sides (111 b) (111 a) in the first direction, the incoupling member (12) being arranged at the non-light-entering sides (111 b) (111 a);

or, the coupling-in part (12) is a one-dimensional grating, and the coupling-out part (13) is a half-mirror.

9. The optical assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the optical assembly (1) further comprises a body portion (144), at least part of the body portion (144) being arranged around the waveguide section (112), the body portion (144) having a refractive index smaller than the refractive index of the waveguide substrate (11).

10. A display device (10), characterized in that the display device (10) comprises:

the optical assembly (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

-a light source (3), the light source (3) being adapted to inject light into the coupling-in section (111) or the coupling-in piece (12).

11. The display device (10) according to claim 10, wherein the coupling-in section (111) has an opposite light-in side (111 a) and a non-light-in side (111 b) (111 a) in the first direction, the light source (3) is arranged at the light-in side (111 a) of the coupling-in section (111), a collimating system (4) is arranged between the light source (3) and the optical assembly (1), the collimating system (4) being adapted to change the propagation direction of the light such that the light emitted by the light source (3) propagates to the optical assembly (1) along the first direction.