CN109696717A - A kind of diffraction grating and AR imaging device in more rectangular configuration periods - Google Patents

A kind of diffraction grating and AR imaging device in more rectangular configuration periods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109696717A
CN109696717A CN201910170912.6A CN201910170912A CN109696717A CN 109696717 A CN109696717 A CN 109696717A CN 201910170912 A CN201910170912 A CN 201910170912A CN 109696717 A CN109696717 A CN 109696717A
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China
Prior art keywords
grating
diffraction grating
diffraction
decoupling
rectangle
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CN201910170912.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
宋强
王景
苏鹏华
马国斌
汪涛
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SHENZHEN JIING FAIRY PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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SHENZHEN JIING FAIRY PHOTOELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910170912.6A priority Critical patent/CN109696717A/en
Publication of CN109696717A publication Critical patent/CN109696717A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/088998 priority patent/WO2020177224A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1866Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • G02B27/4205Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect having a diffractive optical element [DOE] contributing to image formation, e.g. whereby modulation transfer function MTF or optical aberrations are relevant

Abstract

The invention discloses the diffraction grating and AR imaging device in a kind of more rectangular configuration periods, are related to Diffraction Grating Technology field, mainly solve the technical problem that current diffraction grating difficulty of processing is big, uniformity is not strong, diffraction efficiency is not high and freedom degree is not high.The diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods includes in each screen periods, multiple rectangles are etched on the substrate of diffraction grating, and the line width of each rectangle and the spacing of adjacent rectangle are different, have many advantages, such as compared with high-diffraction efficiency, compared with high uniformity, easy processing;The AR imaging device according to optical transmission direction successively includes image production part, collimation portion, is coupled into grating, waveguide piece, decoupling grating and image imaging section, and is coupled into grating and decoupling grating is the diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods.The diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods is applied in AR imaging device by the present invention, meets the demand towards the efficient display effect of AR high definition.

Description

A kind of diffraction grating and AR imaging device in more rectangular configuration periods
Technical field
The present invention relates to Diffraction Grating Technology field, in particular to the diffraction grating and AR in a kind of more rectangular configuration periods at As device.
Background technique
With the development of science and technology, AR (Augmented Reality) augmented reality as it is a kind of it is very intelligent, Portable display technology just slowly move towards public, be mainly characterized by for virtual screen being superimposed upon on reality scene, can be with Realization allows people that can also watch reality scene while watching virtual screen.Also show that there is as above spy just because of AR Point, this technology has obtained extensive use increasingly in industries such as security protection, education, medical treatment, military project, industry, amusements at present.
Grating waveguide scheme is the current mainstream scheme realizing AR and showing, but existing diffraction grating designs at present Scheme has freedom degree is not high, diffraction efficiency is lower, diffraction uniformity is difficult to control, deisgn product difficulty of processing is big etc. many to lack Point.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the diffraction grating and AR imaging device in a kind of more rectangular configuration periods, can solve with Upper shortcomings have many advantages, such as compared with high-diffraction efficiency, compared with high uniformity, easy processing.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods, in each screen periods, on the substrate of the diffraction grating Multiple rectangles are etched with, and the line width of each rectangle and the spacing of the adjacent rectangle are different.
Optionally, in each screen periods, the number of the rectangle is all larger than or is equal to 2.
Optionally, in different screen periods, the structure etched on the substrate of the diffraction grating is all the same.
Optionally, the firing angle of the diffraction grating is 25 ° -55 °.
Optionally, TiO is coated on the diffraction grating2
Optionally, in each screen periods, the number of the rectangle, the line width of the rectangle and the adjacent rectangle Spacing be to be determined according to actual product requirement.
A kind of AR imaging device, including image production part, collimation portion, grating waveguide portion and image imaging section;The light Grid waveguide section includes waveguide piece, is coupled into grating and decoupling grating;It is described be coupled into grating, the decoupling grating is respectively distributed to institute State the both ends of waveguide piece;It is described to be coupled into grating and the decoupling grating is the diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods;
Described image generating unit issue light after the collimation portion, with parallel light emergence, and with set angle into Grating is coupled into described in entering;By it is described be coupled into optical grating diffraction after, into the waveguide piece, and to forward pass in the form of total reflection It is defeated, it exports using the decoupling grating, is finally imaged in described image imaging section.
Optionally, the grating waveguide portion includes three layers of waveguide piece altogether, to be transmitted to R, G, B three coloured light, and it is every The both ends of the layer waveguide piece are coupled into grating and the decoupling grating described in being distributed with respectively.
Optionally, the grating waveguide portion further includes extension grating;The extension grating and the decoupling grating are located at institute The same end of waveguide piece is stated, and in vertical direction, the extension grating is located on the decoupling grating;Wherein, the expansion Open up the diffraction grating that grating is more rectangular configuration periods.
Optionally, described image generating unit is the display screen for generating display picture;The collimating part is multiple optical lens Optical system composed by mirror.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
The present invention provides the diffraction grating and AR imaging device in a kind of more rectangular configuration periods.The present invention passes through each In screen periods, multiple rectangles, and the spacing of the line width of each rectangle and adjacent rectangle will be etched on the substrate of diffraction grating It is different, so that diffraction grating provided by the invention be made to have many advantages, such as compared with high-diffraction efficiency, compared with high uniformity, easy processing;This The diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods is applied in AR imaging device by invention, to meet towards the efficient display effect of AR high definition Demand.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is rectangular raster shape appearance figure common in the art;
Fig. 2 is oblique raster shape appearance figure common in the art;Fig. 2 (a) is a kind of oblique raster common in the art Shape appearance figure;Fig. 2 (b) is another oblique raster shape appearance figure common in the art;
Fig. 3 is the diffraction grating shape appearance figure in more rectangular configuration periods of the embodiment of the present invention;
Graph of relation of the Fig. 4 between diffraction grating of embodiment of the present invention light incidence angle and diffraction efficiency;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of AR of embodiment of the present invention imaging device;
Fig. 6 is the realistic simulation analogous diagram of AR of embodiment of the present invention imaging device;
Fig. 7 is the practical illumination figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is that the embodiment of the present invention extends grating in the top view of waveguide on piece.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Existing diffraction grating designs scheme is mainly that the exterior appearance design of diffraction grating is rectangular or tilts pattern. For traditional rectangular grating, though its difficulty of processing is lower, diffraction efficiency is relatively low, it is difficult to realize aloof from politics and material pursuits towards AR high Imitate the demand of display effect.For oblique raster, though high compared with traditional rectangular diffraction efficiency of grating, its difficulty of processing is suitable Greatly, the processing industry of only extremely minority can manufacture both at home and abroad at present, higher cost.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, T is a cycle of common grating.Since diffraction efficiency of grating is related with wavelength, incidence angle, Obviously the incidence angle of rectangular raster has been fixed, so there are significant limitations for the promotion of diffraction efficiency;Although and Oblique raster can make diffraction efficiency of grating reach design requirement by changing tilt angle, but tilt the grating processing of pattern Difficulty is larger, higher cost.
Based on this, the invention proposes a kind of diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods, it is intended to it is big to solve difficulty of processing Diffraction efficiency of grating is improved simultaneously.
Embodiment 1
The diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods provided in this embodiment, in each screen periods, the diffraction grating Multiple rectangles are etched on substrate, and the line width of each rectangle and the spacing of adjacent rectangle are different, but in different gratings In period, the structure etched on the substrate of the diffraction grating is all the same.Wherein, in each screen periods, the number of rectangle, square The line width of shape and the spacing of adjacent rectangle are determined according to actual product requirement.
Preferably, in each screen periods, the number of rectangle is more than or equal to 2.
Preferably, the firing angle of the diffraction grating is 25 ° -55 °.
Preferably, TiO is coated on the diffraction grating2
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, T is a cycle of the diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods provided in this embodiment.This implementation The diffraction grating that example provides is mainly characterized in that in a screen periods T, going out N number of small rectangle in substrate etch, (N is more than or equal to 2), and the line width of N number of small rectangle and spacing are different, such as Z1, Z3, Z5's is of different size, and Z2 and Z4's is of different size, are allowed to Higher diffraction efficiency can also be possessed while easy to process.
The present embodiment design concept predominantly utilizes vector electromagnetic diffraction theory, is to comment with diffraction efficiency and angle uniformity Marked price mark makes up to design requirement to optimizing at the breakpoint of each small rectangle.So the line width of N number of small rectangle and Spacing is determined according to actual product requirement.
Fig. 4 is based on a kind of diffraction grating light incidence angle gone out designed by more rectangular configuration periods provided in this embodiment Relationship between diffraction efficiency, the diffraction grating is practical be one-dimensional Darman raster a kind of concrete form.Due to light incidence The difference of angle, grating diffration efficiency also can be different, and for the diffraction grating when firing angle is 25 ° -55 °, diffraction efficiency is reachable 77% or more, maximum diffraction efficiency is up to 81.5% or more.
Compared with existing diffraction grating, the rectangular raster pattern in conventional diffractive grating is simple rectangle, difficult processing Spend lower, but since its pattern is vertical with substrate, angle is fixed, and programmable variable is only the duty ratio in a cycle, Variable is very little, and the design space that diffraction efficiency and uniformity can be improved is too small;And for oblique raster, pattern is not solid It is fixed, it can be determined by designer, programmable variable removes outside the duty ratio in a space, and there are also between inclined side and substrate Angle, compared to rectangular raster, the design space for improving diffraction efficiency and uniformity is bigger, but also just because of bevel edge and base There are certain angles at bottom, so the difficulty of processing of oblique raster can be bigger;And more rectangular configurations week that the present embodiment is illustrated The diffraction grating of phase, microscopic appearance is vertical with substrate, and difficulty of processing is lower, at the same increase programmable variable (Z1, Z2, Z3,Z4,Z5).Therefore, diffraction grating provided in this embodiment is while reducing difficulty of processing, improves diffraction efficiency and uniformly Property.
Embodiment 3
As it can be seen in figures 5 and 6, a kind of AR imaging device provided in this embodiment, including image production part 1, collimation portion 2, light Grid waveguide section 3 and image imaging section 4;Grating waveguide portion 3 includes waveguide piece 31, is coupled into grating 32 and decoupling grating 33;Coupling Enter grating 32, decoupling grating 33 is respectively distributed to the both ends of waveguide piece 31, that is, be coupled into one end that grating 32 is distributed in waveguide piece 31, Decoupling grating 33 is distributed in the other end of waveguide piece 31;It is coupled into grating 32 and decoupling grating 33 is spreading out for more rectangular configuration periods Penetrate grating.
The light that image production part 1 issues is after collimation portion 2, with parallel light emergence, and is entered with set angle and is coupled into Grating 32;After being coupled into 32 diffraction of grating, into waveguide piece 31, and the onwards transmission in the form of total reflection, using coupling Grating 33 exports out, is finally imaged in image imaging section 4.
For the wavelength of different color light, diffraction grating has different diffraction efficiencies, in the present embodiment, it is preferred that light Grid waveguide section 3 includes altogether three layers of waveguide piece 31, to be transmitted to R, G, B three coloured light, and the both ends of every layer of waveguide piece 31 point It is not distributed with and is coupled into grating 32 and decoupling grating 33.When grating waveguide portion 3 includes altogether three layers of waveguide piece 31, directional light is with certain Angle can divide three colors to enter in R, G, B three pieces waveguide piece 31 into after being coupled into grating 32, the onwards transmission in the form of total reflection, then It is exported via decoupling grating 33.
Image production part is the display screen for generating display picture, such as Lcos, OLED, MicroOLED;The collimating part For optical system composed by multiple optical lenses.Wherein, lens can be the combination of glass material or resin material or both;Figure As imaging section 4 is Lcos.
Fig. 7 is the practical illuminance uniformity figure of display area in the embodiment.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is further limited on the basis of embodiment 3, other than the whole component of embodiment 3, the light Grid waveguide section 3 further includes extension grating 34;As shown in figure 8, extension grating 34 and decoupling grating 33 are located at same waveguide piece 31 The same end, and in vertical direction, extension grating 34 is located on decoupling grating 33;Wherein, extension grating 34 is also more rectangles The diffraction grating of structural cycle.
In the present embodiment, being coupled into grating 32 is a whole grating, for the light coupling for being issued image production part 1 It closes and enters in waveguide piece 31, the light being coupled into waveguide piece 31 follows catadioptric law in waveguide piece 31 to preceding propagation To extension grating 34, light is carried out emergent pupil extension process, makes to become larger by the light field angle of the grating, most by extension grating 34 Whole light enters decoupling grating 33 and is coupled out grating waveguide portion 3.
The area that extension grating 34 and decoupling grating 33 are gradually increased comprising five diffraction efficiencies, eventually passes through expansion to make Picture brightness uniformity after exhibition output is consistent.
In order to further enhance diffraction efficiency of grating, on the diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods in embodiment 2-4 The film layers with high reflectance such as layer plating TiO2, to improve the overall diffraction efficiency and uniformity of grating.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention;At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods, which is characterized in that in each screen periods, the diffraction grating Multiple rectangles are etched on substrate, and the line width of each rectangle and the spacing of the adjacent rectangle are different.
2. diffraction grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each screen periods, the number of the rectangle It is all larger than or equal to 2.
3. diffraction grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in different screen periods, the diffraction grating The structure etched on substrate is all the same.
4. diffraction grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the firing angle of the diffraction grating is 25 ° -55 °.
5. diffraction grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be coated with TiO on the diffraction grating2
6. diffraction grating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each screen periods, the number of the rectangle, The line width of the rectangle and the spacing of the adjacent rectangle are determined according to actual product requirement.
7. a kind of AR imaging device, which is characterized in that the AR imaging device includes image production part, collimation portion, grating waveguide Portion and image imaging section;The grating waveguide portion includes waveguide piece, is coupled into grating and decoupling grating;It is described be coupled into grating, The decoupling grating is respectively distributed to the both ends of the waveguide piece;It is described to be coupled into grating and the decoupling grating is more rectangle knots The diffraction grating in structure period;
The light that described image generating unit issues with parallel light emergence, and enters institute after the collimation portion with set angle It states and is coupled into grating;By it is described be coupled into optical grating diffraction after, into the waveguide piece, and the onwards transmission in the form of total reflection, It exports using the decoupling grating, is finally imaged in described image imaging section.
8. AR imaging device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the grating waveguide portion includes three layers of waveguide altogether Piece, to transmit to R, G, B three coloured light, and the both ends of every layer of waveguide piece are distributed with described are coupled into grating and institute respectively State decoupling grating.
9. AR imaging device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the grating waveguide portion further includes extension grating; The extension grating and the decoupling grating are located at the same end of the waveguide piece, and in vertical direction, the extension grating On the decoupling grating;Wherein, the extension grating is the diffraction grating in more rectangular configuration periods.
10. AR imaging device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described image generating unit is to generate display picture Display screen;The collimating part is optical system composed by multiple optical lenses.
CN201910170912.6A 2019-03-07 2019-03-07 A kind of diffraction grating and AR imaging device in more rectangular configuration periods Pending CN109696717A (en)

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PCT/CN2019/088998 WO2020177224A1 (en) 2019-03-07 2019-05-29 Diffraction gratings having multi-rectangular structure period and ar imaging device

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CN110618528A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-12-27 成都理想境界科技有限公司 Near-to-eye display device and color feedback method
CN111175869A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-05-19 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Preparation method of flexible film for holographic display
CN111522084A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-11 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Grating structure and near-to-eye display system
WO2020177224A1 (en) * 2019-03-07 2020-09-10 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Diffraction gratings having multi-rectangular structure period and ar imaging device
WO2020224254A1 (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-11-12 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Picometer optical comb and manufacturing device and method for picometer optical comb
CN114185123A (en) * 2022-02-16 2022-03-15 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 Super surface grating, optical waveguide and head-mounted device
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WO2020224254A1 (en) * 2019-05-05 2020-11-12 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Picometer optical comb and manufacturing device and method for picometer optical comb
CN110618528A (en) * 2019-08-09 2019-12-27 成都理想境界科技有限公司 Near-to-eye display device and color feedback method
CN111175869A (en) * 2019-12-05 2020-05-19 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Preparation method of flexible film for holographic display
CN111522084A (en) * 2020-04-22 2020-08-11 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Grating structure and near-to-eye display system
WO2022078072A1 (en) * 2020-10-13 2022-04-21 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 Diffraction grating structure, imaging device, and wearable device
WO2023142878A1 (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 东南大学 Large field-of-view high-brightness holographic waveguide system based on multi-layer volume grating, and preparation method
CN114185123A (en) * 2022-02-16 2022-03-15 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 Super surface grating, optical waveguide and head-mounted device
CN115185029A (en) * 2022-09-07 2022-10-14 北京驭光科技发展有限公司 Grating structure, diffractive optical waveguide, and display device
CN115185029B (en) * 2022-09-07 2023-02-17 北京驭光科技发展有限公司 Grating structure, diffractive optical waveguide, and display device

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