CN116146463A - Energy storage system based on industrial compressed air system - Google Patents
Energy storage system based on industrial compressed air system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116146463A CN116146463A CN202310224895.6A CN202310224895A CN116146463A CN 116146463 A CN116146463 A CN 116146463A CN 202310224895 A CN202310224895 A CN 202310224895A CN 116146463 A CN116146463 A CN 116146463A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system, which comprises an air pressurizing system, a heat storage system and an air expansion power generation system, wherein the air pressurizing system is connected with the heat storage system; the output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generation system through the heat storage system; the air expansion power generation system comprises a first air expansion power generation system and a second air expansion power generation system, and the heat storage system comprises a first heat storage device and a second heat storage device; the compressed air energy storage system is formed by adding the air pressurizing system on the basis of the existing industrial compressed air system through the cooperation among the air pressurizing system, the heat accumulating system and the air expansion power generating system, so that the investment of energy storage is reduced, and the air source parameters used by compressed air are ensured; and the design of the first air expansion power generation system and the second air expansion power generation system is utilized to realize that most or all of the compressed air pressure is released, most or all of the stored energy is obtained, and the twice electric power is obtained by one conversion, so that the energy storage utilization rate of the system is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems based on industrial compressed air systems, in particular to an energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system.
Background
At the beginning of the transition from the traditional energy structure to the clean new energy, a lot of problems need to be solved, such as large intermittence and uncertainty of new energy power generation of wind energy, light energy and the like, larger fluctuation can be caused to a power grid due to the large scale increase, and the energy storage technology is one of effective ways for solving the problem at present. At present, the developed energy storage technology mainly comprises pumped storage, heat storage and energy storage, compressed air energy storage, storage battery energy storage, superconductive magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage, capacitor energy storage and the like, and is suitable for large-scale commercial system operation only for pumped storage, heat storage and compressed air energy storage due to the reasons of energy storage capacity, energy storage period, energy storage density, system service life, economy, environmental friendliness and the like.
In the prior art, a temperature self-adaptive heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system, such as CN106438297B, comprises a multi-stage air compression system, a gas storage system, a multi-stage air expansion working system, a cascade heat accumulation system and a heat energy cascade utilization system, so as to realize cascade storage and utilization of heat energy with different qualities, and realize self-adaptive independent regulation of the temperatures of compressed air and heat accumulating working medium outlets, when energy release begins, the liquid side inlets of the primary reheater and the secondary reheater are connected with the outlet of the high-temperature liquid storage tank, the air storage tank outlet is connected with the air side inlet of the primary reheater, the high-temperature heat accumulating working medium enters the primary reheater to heat high-pressure air, the heated high-pressure air enters the primary expander to do work, the outlet of the primary expander is connected with the air side inlet of the secondary reheater to do work, the high-pressure air absorbs heat transferred by the high-temperature heat accumulating working medium in the secondary reheater, and then enters the secondary expander to do work, a generator is connected with an output shaft of the expander, and the generator is driven to generate electricity by doing work by the expander, but the temperature self-adaptive heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system has the following defects:
through a series of heat conversion, the heated high-pressure air is firstly supplied to the primary expansion machine to do work, the primary expansion machine is transmitted to the secondary expansion machine through the secondary heater and finally transmitted to the generator to generate power, so that after the primary conversion is finished, part of heat is still not fully utilized and recovered, and the heat utilization rate is low and the system operation efficiency is reduced.
The whole conversion arrangement of the heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system is troublesome, and the system flow is unreasonable.
Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims at the disadvantages of the prior art, and its main objective is to provide an energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system, which is based on the existing industrial compressed air system, and by adding an air pressurizing system to form a compressed air energy storage system, so as to reduce the investment of energy storage and ensure the air source parameters used by compressed air; the compressed air pressure is mostly or completely released, most or all of stored energy is obtained, and two times of electric power are obtained through one-time conversion, so that the energy storage utilization rate of the system is high, and the power generation efficiency of the system is high; the compressed air is heated by utilizing industrial high-temperature waste heat, so that the power generation efficiency of the energy storage system is improved, and meanwhile, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the carbon emission is reduced.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system comprises an air pressurizing system, a heat storage system and an air expansion power generation system; the output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generation system through the heat storage system; the air expansion power generation system comprises a first air expansion power generation system and a second air expansion power generation system, and the heat storage system comprises a first heat storage device and a second heat storage device;
the air pressurizing system comprises an air compressor, a primary heat exchanger, a primary cooler, a pressurizing compressor, a secondary heat exchanger and a gas storage device; the output end of the air compressor is connected with the input end of the primary heat exchanger, the output end of the primary heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the primary cooler, the output end of the primary cooler is connected with the input end of the booster compressor, the output end of the booster compressor is connected with the input end of the secondary heat exchanger, and the output end of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the gas storage device;
the first air expansion power generation system comprises a first-stage low-temperature preheater, a first-stage heater, a first-stage waste heat heater and a first-stage expander; the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the gas storage device, the output end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected with the input end of the primary heater, the output end of the primary heater is connected with the input end of the primary waste heat heater, and the output end of the primary waste heat heater is connected with the input end of the primary expander;
the second air expansion power generation system comprises a second-stage low-temperature preheater, a second-stage heater, a second-stage waste heat heater and a second-stage expander; the input end of the secondary low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the primary expansion machine, the output end of the secondary low-temperature preheater is connected with the input end of the secondary heater, the output end of the secondary heater is connected with the input end of the secondary waste heat heater, and the output end of the secondary waste heat heater is connected with the input end of the secondary expansion machine;
the first heat storage device comprises a first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank and a first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, wherein the input end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input end of a first-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with a second-stage heater, the output end of the second-stage heater is also connected with the output end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, and the input end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger to form circulation;
the second heat storage device comprises a second-stage high-temperature heat storage tank and a second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank; the input end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input end of the second-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the second-stage heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the first-stage heater, the input end of the first-stage heater is connected with the output end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, and the input end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the output end of the second-stage heat exchanger to form circulation.
As a preferable scheme, the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the gas storage device through a first bypass pipeline, and a gas storage valve for controlling compressed air to bleed and generating electricity is further arranged on the first bypass pipeline.
As a preferable scheme, the system further comprises a compressed air storage tank, wherein the output end of the primary expansion machine is connected with the compressed air storage tank through a second bypass pipeline, and a compressed air valve is further arranged on the second bypass pipeline.
As a preferable scheme, the second air expansion power generation system further comprises a conversion valve, the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the first-stage expansion machine through a third bypass pipeline, and the conversion valve is arranged on the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater.
As a preferable scheme, the first heat storage device further comprises a primary working medium pump, and the primary working medium pump is arranged at the input end of the primary low-temperature heat storage tank.
As a preferable scheme, the second heat storage device further comprises a secondary working medium pump, and the secondary working medium pump is arranged at the input end of the secondary low-temperature heat storage tank.
As a preferred embodiment, the first air expansion power generation system is arranged in series with the second air expansion power generation system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects, in particular, the technical scheme shows that the invention mainly adopts the cooperation among the air pressurizing system, the heat accumulating system and the air expansion power generating system, wherein the output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generating system through the heat accumulating system; on the basis of the existing industrial compressed air system, an air pressurizing system is added to form a compressed air energy storage system, so that the investment of energy storage is reduced, and the air source parameters used by compressed air are ensured; the design of the first air expansion power generation system and the second air expansion power generation system is utilized to release most or all of the compressed air pressure, obtain most or all of the stored energy, and form one-time conversion to obtain two times of electric power, so that the energy storage utilization rate of the system is high, and the power generation efficiency of the system is high; the primary low-temperature preheater and the secondary low-temperature preheater preheat by utilizing industrial low-temperature water, and the primary waste heat heater and the secondary waste heat heater both utilize industrial high-temperature waste heat to heat compressed air, so that the power generation efficiency of the energy storage system is improved, and meanwhile, the energy conservation, the environmental protection and the carbon emission reduction are realized. The problems that after one conversion is finished in the traditional technology, part of heat is still not fully utilized and recovered, the heat energy utilization rate is low, the system operation efficiency is reduced, the whole conversion arrangement of the heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system is troublesome, and the system flow is unreasonable are solved.
In order to more clearly illustrate the structural features and efficacy of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure and a process flow according to an embodiment of the invention.
The attached drawings are used for identifying and describing:
11. air compressor 12, primary heat exchanger
13. Primary cooler 14, booster compressor
15. Secondary heat exchanger 16 and gas storage device
17. Gas storage valve 21 and primary high-temperature heat storage tank
22. Primary low-temperature heat storage tank 23 and primary working medium pump
31. Second-stage high-temperature heat storage tank 32 and second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank
33. Second-stage working medium pump 41 and first-stage low-temperature preheater
42. Primary heater 43 and primary waste heat heater
44. First-stage expander 45 and conversion valve
46. Secondary low temperature preheater 47 and secondary heater
48. Secondary waste heat heater 49 and secondary expander
51. Compressed air valve 52, compressed air storage tank.
Description of the embodiments
Referring to FIG. 1, a specific structure of an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, for the azimuth words, terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate azimuth and positional relationships as shown based on the drawings or when worn normally, only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present invention.
An energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system comprises an air pressurization system, a heat storage system and an air expansion power generation system.
The output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generation system through the heat storage system; the air expansion power generation system comprises a first air expansion power generation system and a second air expansion power generation system, and the heat storage system comprises a first heat storage device and a second heat storage device. Preferably, the first air expansion power generation system is arranged in series with the second air expansion power generation system.
The air pressurizing system comprises an air compressor 11, a primary heat exchanger 12, a primary cooler 13, a pressurizing compressor 14, a secondary heat exchanger 15 and a gas storage device 16; the output end of the air compressor 11 is connected with the input end of the primary heat exchanger 12, the output end of the primary heat exchanger 12 is connected with the input end of the primary cooler 13, the output end of the primary cooler 13 is connected with the input end of the booster compressor 14, the output end of the booster compressor 14 is connected with the input end of the secondary heat exchanger 15, and the output end of the secondary heat exchanger 15 is connected with the input end of the gas storage device 16; after the air is boosted by the air compressor 11 of the original compressed air system, the low-pressure air firstly enters the first-stage heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat, the cooled low-pressure air enters the first-stage cooler 13 to be cooled, and the cooled low-pressure air enters the air booster compressor 14 to be boosted. Compressed air with the same high pressure and high temperature enters the secondary heat exchanger 15 to exchange heat, cooled high-pressure air enters the air storage device to be stored, and meanwhile, the air storage valve 17 controls the compressed air to deflate and generate power. Compared with other industrial compressed air systems, the air compressed air system in the original system is utilized, and investment is reduced. After being improved into an energy storage system, the air supply stability can be enhanced, and the operation cost of the compressed air system is reduced. Compared with other compressed air systems, the system has the energy storage function, waste heat in an industrial system is fully utilized, energy is saved, environment is protected, carbon emission is reduced, the power generation efficiency of the energy storage system is increased, the efficiency of a common compressed air energy storage system is about 50% -70%, the power generation efficiency of the energy storage system is about 90% -120%, and the efficiency of the energy storage system is higher than that of a traditional compressed air energy storage system by nearly 50%. Compared with other compressed air systems, the system can reduce the peak load on the power grid, and can release electric energy at the power peak to reduce the load on the power grid, so that industrial projects can be operated continuously. After the operation of the novel compressed air system of industrial users in the whole country, the novel compressed air system has a great supporting effect on the transformation of new energy structures.
The first air expansion power generation system comprises a first-stage low-temperature preheater 41, a first-stage heater 42, a first-stage waste heat heater 43 and a first-stage expander 44; the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater 41 is connected with the output end of the gas storage device 16, the output end of the primary low-temperature preheater 41 is connected with the input end of the primary heater 42, the output end of the primary heater 42 is connected with the input end of the primary waste heat heater 43, and the output end of the primary waste heat heater 43 is connected with the input end of the primary expander 44; preferably, the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater 41 is connected to the output end of the air storage device 16 through a first bypass pipeline, and the first bypass pipeline is further provided with a valve 17 for controlling compressed air to bleed and generating electricity.
When the energy is required to be released, the air storage valve 17 is opened, high-pressure air firstly enters the first-stage low-temperature preheater 41 for preheating, the warmed high-pressure air enters the first-stage heater 42 for heating, then enters the first-stage waste heat heater 43 for heating to a high-temperature state, and the high-temperature high-pressure compressed air enters the first-stage expander 44 for expansion power generation. The low-pressure air passing through the primary expander 44 can enter the secondary low-temperature preheater 46 through the switching valve 45 for preheating, the warmed high-pressure air enters the secondary heater 47 for heating, then enters the secondary waste heat heater 48 for heating to a high-temperature state, and the high-temperature low-pressure compressed air enters the secondary expander 49 for expansion power generation again. The primary low-temperature preheater 41 is used for preheating low-temperature air to about 40-70 ℃ by using industrial low-temperature hot water, such as slag flushing water of a steel mill, low-pressure steam of a heating furnace and the like, and fully utilizes low-temperature waste heat which is difficult to be utilized by industry. The air passes through the primary low-temperature preheater 41 and then enters the primary heater 42, the primary heater 42 is provided with heat by the air heat storage system, and the air is warmed again. Then the air enters a primary waste heat heater 43, the heat source of the primary waste heat heater is provided by industrial high-temperature waste heat, such as high-temperature flue gas of a cement kiln and a steel mill, the primary waste heat heater 43 can be utilized to effectively utilize the partial waste heat, the compressed air is heated, and the energy storage power generation efficiency is improved. The air after the primary waste heat heater 43 is heated to a higher temperature, and then enters the primary expander 44 for expansion power generation, and the generated power is provided for industrial users. The high-temperature high-pressure air passes through the primary expander 44 and then the pressure drops to the air pressure for the compressed air system, so that the high-temperature high-pressure air becomes low-pressure air, and the low-pressure air is controlled by the switching valve 45 and the compressed air valve 51 to go to the next link.
The second air expansion power generation system comprises a second-stage low-temperature preheater 46, a second-stage heater 47, a second-stage waste heat heater 48 and a second-stage expander 49; the input end of the secondary low-temperature preheater 46 is connected to the output end of the primary expander 44, the output end of the secondary low-temperature preheater 46 is connected to the input end of the secondary heater 47, the output end of the secondary heater 47 is connected to the input end of the secondary waste heat heater 48, and the output end of the secondary waste heat heater 48 is connected to the input end of the secondary expander 49. The second air expansion power generation system further comprises a switching valve 45, the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater 46 is connected with the output end of the first-stage expander 44 through a third bypass pipeline, and the switching valve 45 is arranged on the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater 46.
When the energy storage discharge is needed, the switching valve 45 is opened, the compressed air valve 51 is closed, the low-pressure air passes through the secondary low-temperature preheater 46 and then enters the secondary heater 47, and the primary heater is provided with heat by the air heat storage system according to claim 1, so that the air is warmed again. Then the air enters a secondary waste heat heater 48, the heat source of the secondary waste heat heater is provided by industrial high-temperature waste heat, the air after the secondary waste heat heater 48 is heated to a higher temperature, and then enters a secondary expander 49 to expand and generate electricity, and the generated electricity is provided for industrial users.
The first heat storage device comprises a first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank 21 and a first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank 22, wherein the input end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank 21 is connected with the input end of the first-stage heat exchanger 12, the output end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank 21 is connected with a second-stage heater 47, the output end of the second-stage heater 47 is also connected with the output end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank 22, and the input end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank 22 is connected with the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger 12 to form circulation; preferably, the first heat storage device further comprises a primary working medium pump 23, and the primary working medium pump 23 is disposed at the input end of the primary low-temperature heat storage tank 22.
The second heat storage device comprises a second-stage high-temperature heat storage tank 31 and a second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank 32; the input end of the secondary high-temperature heat storage tank 31 is connected to the input end of the secondary heat exchanger 15, the output end of the secondary heat exchanger 15 is connected to the output end of the primary heater 42, the input end of the primary heater 42 is connected to the output end of the secondary low-temperature heat storage tank 32, and the input end of the secondary low-temperature heat storage tank 32 is connected to the output end of the secondary heat exchanger 15 to form a cycle. Preferably, the second heat storage device further includes a secondary working medium pump 33, and the secondary working medium pump 33 is disposed at an input end of the secondary low-temperature heat storage tank 32.
The output end of the primary expander 44 is connected to the compressed air storage tank 52 through a second bypass pipeline, and a compressed air valve 51 is further arranged on the second bypass pipeline.
The design focus of the invention is that the invention mainly uses the cooperation among an air pressurizing system, a heat accumulating system and an air expansion power generating system, wherein the output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generating system through the heat accumulating system; on the basis of the existing industrial compressed air system, an air pressurizing system is added to form a compressed air energy storage system, so that the investment of energy storage is reduced, and the air source parameters used by compressed air are ensured; the design of the first air expansion power generation system and the second air expansion power generation system is utilized to release most or all of the compressed air pressure, obtain most or all of the stored energy, and form one-time conversion to obtain two times of electric power, so that the energy storage utilization rate of the system is high, and the power generation efficiency of the system is high; the primary low-temperature preheater and the secondary low-temperature preheater preheat by utilizing industrial low-temperature water, and the primary waste heat heater and the secondary waste heat heater both utilize industrial high-temperature waste heat to heat compressed air, so that the power generation efficiency of the energy storage system is improved, and meanwhile, the energy conservation, the environmental protection and the carbon emission reduction are realized. The problems that after one conversion is finished in the traditional technology, part of heat is still not fully utilized and recovered, the heat energy utilization rate is low, the system operation efficiency is reduced, the whole conversion arrangement of the heat accumulating type compressed air energy storage system is troublesome, and the system flow is unreasonable are solved.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system, characterized in that: the system comprises an air pressurizing system, a heat accumulating system and an air expansion power generating system; the output end of the air pressurizing system is connected with the input end of the air expansion power generation system through the heat storage system; the air expansion power generation system comprises a first air expansion power generation system and a second air expansion power generation system, and the heat storage system comprises a first heat storage device and a second heat storage device;
the air pressurizing system comprises an air compressor, a primary heat exchanger, a primary cooler, a pressurizing compressor, a secondary heat exchanger and a gas storage device; the output end of the air compressor is connected with the input end of the primary heat exchanger, the output end of the primary heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the primary cooler, the output end of the primary cooler is connected with the input end of the booster compressor, the output end of the booster compressor is connected with the input end of the secondary heat exchanger, and the output end of the secondary heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the gas storage device;
the first air expansion power generation system comprises a first-stage low-temperature preheater, a first-stage heater, a first-stage waste heat heater and a first-stage expander; the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the gas storage device, the output end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected with the input end of the primary heater, the output end of the primary heater is connected with the input end of the primary waste heat heater, and the output end of the primary waste heat heater is connected with the input end of the primary expander;
the second air expansion power generation system comprises a second-stage low-temperature preheater, a second-stage heater, a second-stage waste heat heater and a second-stage expander; the input end of the secondary low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the primary expansion machine, the output end of the secondary low-temperature preheater is connected with the input end of the secondary heater, the output end of the secondary heater is connected with the input end of the secondary waste heat heater, and the output end of the secondary waste heat heater is connected with the input end of the secondary expansion machine;
the first heat storage device comprises a first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank and a first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, wherein the input end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input end of a first-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the first-stage high-temperature heat storage tank is connected with a second-stage heater, the output end of the second-stage heater is also connected with the output end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, and the input end of the first-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the output end of the first-stage heat exchanger to form circulation;
the second heat storage device comprises a second-stage high-temperature heat storage tank and a second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank; the input end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the input end of the second-stage heat exchanger, the output end of the second-stage heat exchanger is connected with the output end of the first-stage heater, the input end of the first-stage heater is connected with the output end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank, and the input end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank is connected with the output end of the second-stage heat exchanger to form circulation.
2. The energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system of claim 1, wherein: the input end of the primary low-temperature preheater is connected to the output end of the gas storage device through a first bypass pipeline, and a valve for controlling compressed air to bleed and generating gas is further arranged on the first bypass pipeline.
3. The energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system of claim 1, wherein: the compressed air storage tank is further included, the output end of the primary expansion machine is connected to the compressed air storage tank through a second bypass pipeline, and a compressed air valve is further arranged on the second bypass pipeline.
4. An energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system according to claim 3, wherein: the second air expansion power generation system further comprises a conversion valve, the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater is connected with the output end of the first-stage expansion machine through a third bypass pipeline, and the conversion valve is arranged on the input end of the second-stage low-temperature preheater.
5. The energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system of claim 1, wherein: the first heat storage device further comprises a primary working medium pump, and the primary working medium pump is arranged at the input end of the primary low-temperature heat storage tank.
6. The energy storage system based on an industrial compressed air system of claim 1, wherein: the second heat storage device further comprises a second-stage working medium pump, and the second-stage working medium pump is arranged at the input end of the second-stage low-temperature heat storage tank.
7. An air-expanding power generation system according to claim 4, wherein: the first air expansion power generation system and the second air expansion power generation system are arranged in series.
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