CN109098953A - Full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system - Google Patents
Full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109098953A CN109098953A CN201810788232.6A CN201810788232A CN109098953A CN 109098953 A CN109098953 A CN 109098953A CN 201810788232 A CN201810788232 A CN 201810788232A CN 109098953 A CN109098953 A CN 109098953A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems.The energy-storage system includes transducing regenerative apparatus and backheat power generator, transducing regenerative apparatus includes: motor, compressor, Recuperative heat exchanger, cold water storage cistern, boiler and underground reservoir, and backheat power generator includes: expanding machine, generator, Recuperative heat exchanger, boiler, cold water storage cistern and underground reservoir；When the energy storage method is energy storage, transducing regenerative apparatus work, air compression is completed by rear cooling compound compressors at different levels, and the cooled rear compressed air of final stage compression is stored by injection underground reservoir；When releasing energy, backheat power generator work, air expansion is completed by the multiple expansion engine heated before grade at different levels, and the air condition of expanding machine final stage outlet close to atmospheric parameter and is thrown into atmosphere；For water using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C as backheat medium, the electricity revolution efficiency of the full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system is 70.4-76.1%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy project technical field of energy storage, and in particular to a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and complete
Backheat compressed-air energy-storage system.
Background technique
Compressed-air energy storage is can be opened with one of the energy storage technology of large-scale application, the energy storage technology in low power consumption
Open compressor and convert electrical energy into compressed air energy, compressed air is stored in underground reservoir again, when peak of power consumption come it is interim,
Electrical power generators are driven using compressed air expansion work, provide a user peak power.Compressed-air energy-storage system does not use
When backheat, heat consumption rate is 5500-6000KJ/ (KWh).Due to compressed air pressure height, volume flow is big, air heat-exchange system
Number is small, and the accumulation of heat of the air heat of compression and the backheat of expanded air are highly difficult, has Industrial demonstration system using casting pig as backheat
Medium, when using backheat the heat consumption rate of compressed-air energy-storage system for 4200-4500KJ/ (KWh), heat consumption rate reduce by 20% with
On, the electricity revolution efficiency of corresponding compressed-air energy-storage system can be improved 20% or more.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, primary and foremost purpose is to provide a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method to the present invention.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems for realizing the above method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, solution of the invention is:
A kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method comprising following process: air multi-stage compression cooling after grade
Machine stores after being compressed, and then carries out being expanded to discharge by the multiple expansion engine heated before grade, wherein using minimum supercooling
For water of the degree greater than 30 DEG C as backheat medium, water quality requirement is identical as the boiler water quality requirement of pressure same levels.
Specifically, when energy storage, i.e., in low power consumption, transducing regenerative apparatus works, and electric energy is converted to compressed air energy, together
Water of the Shi Caiyong minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C carries out accumulation of heat to Heat of Compressed Air, and Compressor Inlet Temperatures at different levels are lower, wasted work
Smaller, in Recuperative heat exchanger, high temperature air is cooled, while the water of cold water storage cistern is heated, and the air heat of compression is stored in heat
In water tank, the compressed air after final compressor outlet is cooled is stored by injection underground reservoir；When releasing energy, i.e., in electricity consumption height
Backheat power generator works when peak, and compressed air can be converted to electric energy, while using the water of accumulation of heat to the entrance of expanding machines at different levels
Compressed air carry out backheat, expander inlet temperature at different levels are higher, do work it is larger, it is aqueous from underground in Recuperative heat exchanger
Compressed air before compressed air or expansion at different levels that layer takes out is heated, while the water of boiler is cooled, the air heat of compression
In air expansion process, cold water storage is recycled whole backheats in cold water storage cistern, the air condition of expanding machine final stage outlet
Close to atmospheric parameter and it is thrown into atmosphere.
Wherein, the temperature of compressor compression ratio at different levels and inlet air difference is identical, and the wasted work of compressor is minimum,
The series of compressor is 2-4 grades, and every grade of compression ratio is identical and is 2.92-8.45；Expanding machine expansion ratio at different levels and entrance
The temperature difference for locating air is identical, and the acting of expanding machine is maximum, and the series of expanding machine is 2-4 grades, and every grade of expansion ratio is identical
It and is 2.76-7.63.The electrical power of compound compressor consumption is 6.58-14.20MW, and the output power of multiple expansion engine is 5-
10MW。
Specifically, during air compresses, the water using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C carries out accumulation of heat, the pressure of water
For 1.2-8.5MPa；The temperature of the inlet air of compressor is -5~35 DEG C, and the pressure of air is 0.1MPa；Final compressor
Air pressure is 6.82-6.83MPa；In Recuperative heat exchanger, the inlet temperature of compressed air is 136-308 DEG C, compressed air
Outlet temperature be 13-41 DEG C, the inlet temperature of water is 3-31 DEG C, and the outlet temperature of water is 120-288 DEG C.
The depth of underground reservoir is 350-600m, and the temperature from compressed air after underground reservoir taking-up is 45-55 DEG C,
Pressure is 3.50-6.33MPa.
During air expansion, backheat is carried out using the water of accumulation of heat, the pressure of water is 1.2-8.5MPa, the temperature of water
It is 120-288 DEG C；Before every grade of expansion, the temperature of compressed air is 100-268 DEG C, pressure 0.2846-6.183MPa；Every grade swollen
After swollen, the temperature of compressed air is 14-55 DEG C, and the pressure of air is 0.103-0.104MPa after final stage expansion.
A kind of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system for realizing above-mentioned full backheat compressed-air energy storage method comprising:
Transducing regenerative apparatus, electric energy are converted to compressed air energy, for air carry out multi-stage compression, it is at different levels after compression
Air is cooling by the water of cold water storage cistern, and the air heat of compression is stored in boiler, and the compression after final compressor outlet is cooled is empty
Gas is stored in underground reservoir；
Backheat power generator, compressed air can be converted to electric energy, for carrying out multiple expansion to compressed air, contain from underground
Compressed air before the compressed air or expansion at different levels taken out in water layer is heated by the water of boiler, air heat of compression whole backheat
In air expansion process, water is cooled to 20.49-73 DEG C and is stored in cold water storage cistern and is recycled, the outlet of expanding machine final stage
Air condition close to atmospheric parameter and be thrown into atmosphere.
Wherein, transducing regenerative apparatus includes: that motor, compressor, Recuperative heat exchanger, cold water storage cistern, boiler and underground contain
Water layer.
Backheat power generator includes: expanding machine, generator, Recuperative heat exchanger, boiler, cold water storage cistern and underground reservoir.
Wherein, the pressure of cold water storage cistern and boiler is respectively 1.2-8.5MPa.Cold water storage cistern, boiler and Recuperative heat exchanger group
At accumulation of heat and heat regenerative system further include water pump and valve group.
For compressed-air-storing in underground reservoir, the depth of underground reservoir is 350-600m；Compressed air is from underground
After water-bearing layer is taken out, temperature is 45-55 DEG C, pressure 3.50-6.33MPa.
By adopting the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The water of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method of the invention using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C as backheat medium,
The isentropic efficiency of the backheat of compressed air before air heat of compression when energy storage is completely used for expanding, compressor and expanding machine is
0.9, the energy storage time of transducing regenerative apparatus is 4 hours, and releasing for backheat power generator can be 4 hours the time, the full backheat compression
The electricity revolution efficiency of air energy storage systems is 70.4-76.1%.In addition to this, full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of the invention
Structure is simple, working medium is at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 4 is of the invention 3 grades full backheat compressed-air energy storage method schematics.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method and full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems.
<full backheat compressed-air energy storage method>
Full backheat compressed-air energy storage method of the invention includes: air compound compressor compression cooling after at different levels
After be stored in underground reservoir, be then expanded to air condition close to atmospheric parameter by the multiple expansion engines heated before at different levels
Amplify gas side by side.I.e. compressor is made of multi-stage compression process cooling after grade, and expanding machine is by the multiple expansion mistake that heats before grade
Cheng Zucheng, the water using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C is as backheat medium, the boiler water of water quality requirement and pressure same levels
Matter requires identical.
Specifically, when energy storage, i.e., in low power consumption, transducing regenerative apparatus works, and electric energy is converted to compressed air energy, by
Water of the minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C carries out accumulation of heat to Heat of Compressed Air, and Compressor Inlet Temperatures at different levels are lower, and wasted work is smaller,
In Recuperative heat exchanger, high temperature air is cooled, while the water of cold water storage cistern is heated, and the air heat of compression is stored in boiler,
Compressed air after final compressor outlet is cooled is stored by injection underground reservoir.
When releasing energy, i.e., in peak of power consumption, backheat power generator works, and compressed air can be converted to electric energy, Heat of Compressed Air
For whole backheats in the air of expander inlets at different levels, expander inlet temperature at different levels are higher, do work larger, in Recuperative heat exchanger
In, it is heated from the compressed air before the compressed air or expansion at different levels that underground reservoir takes out, while the water of boiler is cold
But, cold water storage is recycled in cold water storage cistern, and the air condition of expanding machine final stage outlet close to atmospheric parameter and is thrown into big
In gas.
The temperature of compressor compression ratio at different levels and inlet air difference is identical, and the wasted work of compressor is minimum；Expansion
Machine expansion ratio at different levels and the temperature of inlet air difference are identical, and expanding machine acting is maximum.
Wherein, compressor series can be 2-4 grades, preferably 3 grades；Every grade of compression ratio is identical and can be 2.92-
8.45, preferably 4.16.In the course of work of transducing regenerative apparatus, the pressure of the water of accumulation of heat can be 1.2-8.5MPa, excellent
It is selected as 1.2MPa；The temperature of the inlet air of compressor can be -5~35 DEG C, and design value is 20 DEG C；Pressure is 0.1MPa；Respectively
After grade compression, the pressure of final compressor air can be 6.82-6.83MPa, preferably 6.83MPa；In Recuperative heat exchanger:
The temperature of the import of water can be 3-31 DEG C, and design value is 20 DEG C；The temperature of the outlet of water can be 120-288 DEG C, preferably
160℃；The inlet temperature of compressed air can be 136-308 DEG C, preferably 193 DEG C；The outlet temperature of compressed air can be
13-41 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C.
The depth of underground reservoir can be 350-600m；Can be from the temperature of compressed air after underground reservoir taking-up
45-55℃；Pressure can be 3.50-6.33MPa.
The series of expanding machine can be 2-4 grades, and preferably 3 grades, every grade of expansion ratio is identical and can be 2.76-7.63,
Preferably 3.86；In the course of work of backheat power generator, the pressure of backheat water can be 1.2-8.5MPa, preferably
1.2MPa；The temperature of water can be 120-288 DEG C, preferably 160 DEG C；Before expansions at different levels, the temperature of compressed air can be
100-268 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；After every grade of expansion, the temperature of compressed air can be 14-55 DEG C, preferably 29 DEG C；Final stage
The pressure of air can be 0.103-0.104MPa after expansion, and parameter is close to atmospheric environment, and direct emission is in atmosphere.
<full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system>
Above-mentioned full backheat compressed-air energy storage method may be implemented in a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system, wraps
It includes:
Transducing regenerative apparatus, electric energy are converted to compressed air energy, for air carry out multi-stage compression, it is at different levels after compression
Air is cooling by the water of cold water storage cistern, and the air heat of compression is stored in boiler, and the compression after final compressor outlet is cooled is empty
Gas is stored in underground reservoir.
Backheat power generator, compressed air can be converted to electric energy, for carrying out multiple expansion to compressed air, contain from underground
Compressed air before the compressed air or expansion at different levels taken out in water layer is heated by the water of boiler, air heat of compression whole backheat
In air expansion process, water is cooled to 20.49-73 DEG C and is stored in cold water storage cistern and is recycled, the outlet of expanding machine final stage
Air condition close to atmospheric parameter and be thrown into atmosphere.
Wherein, transducing regenerative apparatus includes: that motor, compressor, Recuperative heat exchanger, cold water storage cistern, boiler and underground contain
Water layer.
Backheat power generator includes: expanding machine, generator, Recuperative heat exchanger, boiler, cold water storage cistern and underground reservoir.
Wherein, it is aqueous to share Recuperative heat exchanger, cold water storage cistern, boiler and underground for transducing regenerative apparatus and backheat power generator
Layer；The pressure of cold water storage cistern and boiler can be respectively 1.2-8.5MPa.The storage of cold water storage cistern, boiler and Recuperative heat exchanger composition
Heat and heat regenerative system further include water pump and valve group.
It is equipped with Recuperative heat exchanger after compressors at different levels of the invention, before expanding machine at different levels, with regard to the full backheat pressure of three-level
For contracting air energy storage systems, i.e., No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger is set between first order compressor and high stage compressor, second
No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers are set between grade compressor and third level compressor, No. 3 backheats are set in third stage compressor outlet and are exchanged heat
Device.No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers are used before first order expander inlet, using No. 2 backheat heat exchange before the expander inlet of the second level
Device uses No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger before third level expander inlet.
Compressor is after every grade of compression, and the water using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C is cooled down, and the pressure of water can be
1.2-8.5MPa preferably 1.2MPa；The series of compressor can be 2-4 grades, preferably 3 grades；The compression ratio of every grade of compressor
It is identical and be 2.92-8.45, preferably 4.16；Inlet air temp before compressor is compressed can be -5~35 DEG C,
Design value is 20 DEG C；Pressure is 0.1MPa；The air pressure of final compressor can be 6.82-6.83MPa, preferably
6.83MPa；In Recuperative heat exchanger: the temperature of water inlet can be 3-31 DEG C, and design value is 20 DEG C；The temperature of water outlet can be
120-288 DEG C, preferably 160 DEG C；The inlet temperature of compressed air can be 136-308 DEG C, preferably 193 DEG C；Outlet temperature
It can be 13-41 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C.
The depth for being stored in underground reservoir can be 350-600m；From the temperature of compressed air after underground reservoir taking-up
It can be 45-55 DEG C；Pressure can be 3.50-6.33MPa.
The water of accumulation of heat is used to carry out backheat first from the air before the compressed air or expansion at different levels that underground reservoir takes out,
Enter expanding machine afterwards to do work, the series of expanding machine can be 2-4 grades, and preferably 3 grades, every grade of expansion ratio is identical and can be
2.76-7.63, preferably 3.86；Before every grade of expansion, the temperature of compressed air can be 100-268 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Often
After grade expansion, the temperature of compressed air can be 14-55 DEG C, preferably 29 DEG C；The air pressure of expanding machine final stage can be
0.103-0.104MPa, parameter is close to atmospheric environment and direct emission.
The air heat of compression of compressor is completely used for expander in full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of the invention
The preceding heating to compressed air, the isentropic efficiency of compressor are 0.9, and the energy storage time of transducing regenerative apparatus is 4 hours；Expanding machine
Isentropic efficiency be 0.9, releasing for backheat power generator can be 4 hours the time, and the electricity of the full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system returns
Transfer efficient is 70.4-76.1%.
In short, full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system structure is simple, working medium is at low cost, and electricity revolution efficiency is higher.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
The full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of 4 grades of 10MW of the present embodiment carries out the mistake of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method
Journey includes the following steps:
As shown in Figure 1, in heat-accumulating process, the valves such as the first valve a, the second valve b and third valve c are opened, close the
The valves such as four valve d, the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f, after air comes out from the outlet of first order compressor 1, by the first valve
Enter No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9 after a, water passes through the 11st valve of the 8th the first water pump of valve h- r- of the 7th valve g- from cold water storage cistern 14
The 15th valve q of the 13rd the second water pump of valve n- s- of door the 12nd valve m- of k- (closes the 9th valve i, the tenth valve at this time
J, the 14th valve p) flows into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9 finally to boiler 15.Second level compression, third level compression, fourth stage pressure
Contracting and heat transfer process are similar, repeat no more.Similarly, during heat release, the first valve a, the second valve b, third are closed
The valves such as valve c open the valves such as the 4th valve d, the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f, the sky in 7 exit of third level expanding machine
Gas will enter the heating being first had to before fourth stage expanding machine 8 is expanded by No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9, at this point, in boiler 15
Hot water flow into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9, then heated 7 exit of third level expanding machine into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9
After air, by the tenth valve j (this of the 14th the 8th the 11st valve k- of valve h- the first water pump r- of the 9th valve i- of valve p-
When close the 7th valve g, the 12nd valve m, the 13rd valve n, the second water pump s, the 15th valve q) flow into cold water storage cistern 14.Its
Remaining expansion process at different levels and heat transfer process are similar, repeat no more.
Specifically: (1), compression accumulation of heat part: the compressor operating in low power consumption energy storage, (compression ratio is compressor
2.92) pressure of inlet air is 0.1MPa, and temperature is 20 DEG C, and after first order compressor 1 is compressed, pressure is
The cold water that 0.2916MPa, the compressed air that temperature is 135.8 DEG C enter No. 19,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger is heated to 120 DEG C and send
Enter storage in boiler 15, air enters high stage compressor 2 after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith, by high stage compressor 2 into
After row compression, compressed air that pressure 0.8424MPa, temperature are 149.7 DEG C is cold into No. 2 10,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger
Water is heated to storage in 120 DEG C of feeding boilers 15, and air enters third level compressor 3, warp after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith
It crosses after third level compressor 3 compressed, the compressed air that pressure 2.4306MPa, temperature are 150.1 DEG C enters No. 3 backheats
The cold water that 11,20 DEG C of heat exchanger is heated to storage, air in 120 DEG C of feeding boilers 15 and enters after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith
Fourth stage compressor 4, after fourth stage compressor 4 is compressed, compression that pressure 6.986MPa, temperature are 150.8 DEG C
Air is heated to storage in 120 DEG C of feeding boilers 15 into No. 4 12,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger of cold water, air therewith by
The underground reservoir 13 that 350m is injected after being cooled to 30 DEG C stores, wherein first order compressor 1 includes the first motor 16, the
It include third motor 18, fourth stage compressor 4 includes that split-compressor 2, which includes the second motor 17, third level compressor 3,
Four motor 19.
(2), expand heat release part: in peak of power consumption, expanding machine (expansion ratio 2.76) works, pressure 6.33MPa,
The compressed air that temperature is 50 DEG C is taken out from underground reservoir 13, by No. 4 Recuperative heat exchangers 12 by 120 DEG C of hot water heating,
The pressure of 5 inlet air of first order expanding machine is 6.165MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C, is expanded by first order expanding machine 5
Afterwards, the compressed air that pressure 2.238MPa, temperature are 14.0 DEG C enters No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers 11 by 120 DEG C of hot water heating,
The pressure of 6 inlet air of second level expanding machine is 2.203MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C, is expanded by second level expanding machine 6
Afterwards, the compressed air that pressure 0.7999MPa, temperature are 15.1 DEG C enters No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 10 and is added by 120 DEG C of hot water
Heat, the pressure of 7 inlet air of third level expanding machine are 0.7912MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C, are carried out by third level expanding machine 7 swollen
After swollen, the compressed air that pressure 0.2872MPa, temperature are 15.6 DEG C enters No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 9 and is added by 120 DEG C of hot water
Heat, the pressure of 8 inlet air of fourth stage expanding machine are 0.2846MPa, and temperature is 100 DEG C, are carried out by fourth stage expanding machine 8 swollen
After swollen, the pressure of air is 0.103MPa, and temperature is 15.8 DEG C, and the parameter of air is close to atmosphere and direct emission at this time, wherein
It includes that the second generator 21, third level expanding machine 7 include that first order expanding machine 5, which includes the first generator 20, second level expanding machine 6,
Third generator 22, fourth stage expanding machine 8 include the 4th generator 23.The electricity revolution of 4 grades of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems
Efficiency is 70.4%.
Embodiment 2:
The full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of 3 grades of 10MW of the present embodiment carries out the mistake of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method
Journey includes the following steps:
As shown in Fig. 2, the course of work of 3 grades of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems are as follows: air is entering first order compression
After machine 1 compresses, the air of high temperature and pressure is obtained, No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7 is subsequently entered and heat is released in water heat exchange, it is compressed
Air enters high stage compressor 2 and compresses, and obtained high temperature and pressure air subsequently enters in No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 8 and and water
Heat is released in heat exchange, and compressed air enters third level compressor 3 and compress, subsequently enter in No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers 9 and with
Heat is released in water heat exchange, and compressed air enters underground reservoir 10 and stored, while the water being heated enters boiler
12 accumulation of heats；When expanding machine does work, compressed air is taken out from underground reservoir 10, is advancing into No. 3 into first order expanding machine 4
It exchanges heat with high-temperature water in Recuperative heat exchanger 9 and absorbs heat, subsequently enter first order expanding machine 4 and do work, the sky after expansion
Gas enters No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 8 and high-temperature water exchanges heat and absorbs heat, subsequently enters second level expanding machine 5 and does work, and expands
Air afterwards, which enters in No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7, to exchange heat with high-temperature water and absorbs heat, subsequently enters the progress of third level expanding machine 6
Acting, for lack of gas parameter close to atmosphere direct emission, cooled water enters the storage of cold water storage cistern 11.
Further, in heat-accumulating process, the valves such as the first valve a, the second valve b and third valve c are opened, close the 4th
The valves such as valve d, the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f, after air comes out from the outlet of first order compressor 1, by the first valve a
Enter No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7 afterwards, water passes through the 11st valve of the 8th the first water pump of valve h- r- of the 7th valve g- from cold water storage cistern 11
The 15th valve q of the 13rd the second water pump of valve n- s- of the 12nd valve m- of k- (at this time close the 9th valve i, the tenth valve j,
14th valve p) flows into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7 finally to boiler 12.Second level compression, third level compression and heat transfer process
It is similar, it repeats no more.Similarly, during heat release, the valves such as the first valve a, the second valve b, third valve c are closed,
The valves such as the 4th valve d, the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f are opened, the air in 5 exit of second level expanding machine will enter third
Grade expanding machine 6 first has to the heating by No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7 before being expanded, at this point, the hot water in boiler 12 flows into 1
In number Recuperative heat exchanger 7,5 exit of second level expanding machine has then been heated into after the air of No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7, has been passed through
The tenth valve j of 14th the 8th the 11st valve k- of valve h- the first water pump r- of the 9th valve i- of valve p- (closes the 7th at this time
Valve g, the 12nd valve m, the 13rd valve n, the second water pump s, the 15th valve q) flow into cold water storage cistern 11.Remaining expansion at different levels
Process and heat transfer process are similar, repeat no more.
Specifically: (1), compression accumulation of heat part: the compressor operating in low power consumption energy storage, (compression ratio is compressor
4.16) pressure of inlet air is 0.1MPa, and temperature is 20 DEG C, and after first order compressor 1 is compressed, pressure is
The cold water that 0.4155MPa, the compressed air that temperature is 182.1 DEG C enter No. 17,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger is heated to 160 DEG C and send
Enter storage in boiler 12, air enters high stage compressor 2 after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith, by high stage compressor 2 into
After row compression, the compressed air that pressure 1.697MPa, temperature are 197.6 DEG C enters No. 28,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger of cold water
It is heated to storage in 160 DEG C of feeding boilers 12, air enters third level compressor 3 after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith, passes through
After third level compressor 3 is compressed, the compressed air that pressure 6.973MPa, temperature are 198.7 DEG C enters No. 3 backheat heat exchange
The cold water that 9,20 DEG C of device is heated to storage, air in 160 DEG C of feeding boilers 12 and injects 350m after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith
Underground reservoir 10 store, wherein first order compressor 1 include the first motor 13, high stage compressor 2 include second electricity
Motivation 14, third level compressor 3 include third motor 15.
(2), expand heat release part: in peak of power consumption, expanding machine (expansion ratio 3.86) works, pressure 6.33MPa,
The compressed air that temperature is 50 DEG C is taken out from underground reservoir 10, by No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers 9 by 160 DEG C of hot water heating, the
The pressure of 4 inlet air of one-stage expansion machine is 6.183MPa, and temperature is 152.9 DEG C, is expanded by first order expanding machine 4
Afterwards, the compressed air that pressure 1.601MPa, temperature are 29.0 DEG C enters No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 8 by 160 DEG C of hot water heating,
The pressure of 5 inlet air of second level expanding machine is 1.582MPa, and temperature is 150.5 DEG C, is expanded by second level expanding machine 5
Afterwards, the compressed air that pressure 0.4098MPa, temperature are 28.6 DEG C enters No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7 by 160 DEG C of hot water heating,
The pressure of 6 inlet air of third level expanding machine is 0.4029MPa, and temperature is 149.7 DEG C, is carried out by third level expanding machine 6 swollen
After swollen, the pressure of air is 0.104MPa, temperature is 28.4 DEG C, and the parameter of air is close to atmosphere and direct emission at this time, wherein
It includes that the second generator 17, third level expanding machine 6 include that first order expanding machine 4, which includes the first generator 16, second level expanding machine 5,
Third generator 18.The electricity revolution efficiency of 3 grades of full backheat compressed-air energy-storage systems is 73.0%.
Wherein, the principle of tertiary compressed air energy-storage system is as shown in figure 4, compression heat-accumulating process: 1-2 is first order compression
Process, 2-3 are that high temperature air carries out heat exchange process (entering No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 7) with water for the first time；3-4 is the second level
Compression process, 4-5 are that high temperature air carries out heat exchange process (entering No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 8) with water for the second time；5-6 is
Three stage compression process, 6-7 are high temperature air third time and water progress heat exchange process (entering No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers 9)；7-8
To be stored into from by pressure-air injection underground reservoir from underground reservoir taking-up process.Expand heat release process: 8-9 is low temperature
Air carries out heat exchange process (entering No. 3 Recuperative heat exchangers 9) with high-temperature-hot-water for the first time, and 9-10 is that the first order is expanded
Journey；10-11 is that Cryogenic air carries out heat exchange process (entering No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 8), 11-12 with high-temperature-hot-water for the second time
For second level expansion process；12-13 is that Cryogenic air carries out heat exchange process (into No. 1 backheat with high-temperature-hot-water for the third time
Heat exchanger 7), 13-14 is third level expansion process, subsequent discharges into atmosphere.
Embodiment 3:
The full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system of 2 grades of 10MW of the present embodiment carries out the mistake of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method
Journey includes the following steps:
As shown in figure 3, in heat-accumulating process, the valves such as the first valve a, the second valve b and third valve c are opened, close the
The valves such as four valve d, the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f, after air comes out from the outlet of first order compressor 1, by the first valve
Enter No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5 after a, water passes through the 11st valve of the 8th the first water pump of valve h- r- of the 7th valve g- from cold water storage cistern 8
The 15th valve q of the 13rd the second water pump of valve n- s- of the 12nd valve m- of k- (at this time close the 9th valve i, the tenth valve j,
14th valve p) flows into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5 finally to boiler 9.Second level compression and heat transfer process are similar, no longer
It repeats.Similarly, during heat release, the valves such as the first valve a of closing, the second valve b, third valve c, the 4th valve d of unlatching,
The valves such as the 5th valve e and the 6th valve f, the air in 3 exit of first order expanding machine will carry out swollen into second level expanding machine 4
The heating by No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5 is first had to before swollen, at this point, the hot water in boiler 9 flows into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5,
Then heated 3 exit of first order expanding machine into No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5 air after, by the 14th valve p- the 9th
The tenth valve j of the 8th the 11st valve k- of valve h- the first water pump r- of valve i- (closes the 7th valve g, the 12nd valve at this time
M, the 13rd valve n, the second water pump s, the 15th valve q) flow into cold water storage cistern 8.First order expansion process and heat transfer process and this
It is similar, it repeats no more.
Specifically: (1), compression accumulation of heat part: the compressor operating in low power consumption energy storage, (compression ratio is compressor
8.45) pressure of inlet air is 0.1MPa, and temperature is 20 DEG C, and after first order compressor 1 is compressed, pressure is
0.845MPa, the compressed air that temperature is 288.5 DEG C are heated to 268.5 DEG C into No. 15,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger of cold water
Be sent into boiler 9 in storage, air be cooled to 30 DEG C therewith after enter high stage compressor 2, by high stage compressor 2 into
After row compression, the compressed air that pressure 7.005MPa, temperature are 308.3 DEG C enters No. 26,20 DEG C of Recuperative heat exchanger of cold water
It is heated to storage in 288.3 DEG C of feeding boilers 9, air injects the underground reservoir 7 of 350m after being cooled to 30 DEG C therewith
Storage, wherein first order compressor 1 includes the second motor 11 including the first motor 10, high stage compressor 2.
(2), expand heat release part: in peak of power consumption, expanding machine (expansion ratio 7.63) works, pressure 6.32MPa,
The compressed air that temperature is 50 DEG C is taken out from underground reservoir 7, by No. 2 Recuperative heat exchangers 6 by 288.3 DEG C of hot water heating,
The pressure of 3 inlet air of first order expanding machine is 6.124MPa, and temperature is 268.3 DEG C, is expanded by first order expanding machine 3
Afterwards, the compressed air that pressure 0.8023MPa, temperature are 54.9 DEG C enters No. 1 Recuperative heat exchanger 5 and is added by 268.5 DEG C of hot water
Heat, the pressure of 4 inlet air of second level expanding machine are 0.786MPa, and temperature is 248.5 DEG C, are carried out by second level expanding machine 4
After expansion, the pressure of air is 0.103MPa, and temperature is 43.6 DEG C, and the parameter of air is close to atmosphere and direct emission at this time,
In, first order expanding machine 3 includes the second generator 13 including the first generator 12, second level expanding machine 4.2 grades of full backheat compressions
The electricity revolution efficiency of air energy storage systems is 76.1%.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is that this hair can be understood and used for the ease of those skilled in the art
It is bright.Those skilled in the art obviously readily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein one
As principle be applied in other embodiments, without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
Those skilled in the art's principle according to the present invention, not departing from improvement that scope of the invention is made and modification all should be at this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of full backheat compressed-air energy storage method, it is characterised in that: it is comprised the following processes:
When energy storage, transducing regenerative apparatus work, electric energy is converted to compressed air energy, and air compression is pressed by rear cooling multistages at different levels
Contracting machine is completed, and the Compressor Inlet Temperatures at different levels are lower, and wasted work is smaller, and in Recuperative heat exchanger, high temperature air is cooled, together
When cold water storage cistern water be heated, the air heat of compression is stored in boiler, and the compression after final compressor outlet is cooled is empty
Gas is stored by injection underground reservoir；
When releasing energy, backheat power generator work, compressed air can be converted to electric energy, and air expands swollen by the multistage of preceding heating at different levels
Swollen machine is completed, and the expander inlet temperature at different levels are higher, is done work larger, in Recuperative heat exchanger, is taken out from underground reservoir
Compressed air or expansion at different levels before compressed air be heated, while the water of boiler is cooled, and the air heat of compression is all returned
In air expansion process, cold water storage is recycled heat in cold water storage cistern, and the air condition of expanding machine final stage outlet is close to greatly
Gas parameter is simultaneously thrown into atmosphere；
Wherein, it is stored in the cold water storage cistern and the boiler, the minimum supercooling of water of the flowing in the Recuperative heat exchanger
Degree is all larger than 30 DEG C.
2. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the mistake of air compression
Cheng Zhong, the water using minimum subcooled temperature greater than 30 DEG C carry out accumulation of heat, and the pressure of the water is 1.2-8.5MPa；The compressor
The temperature of inlet air is -5~35 DEG C, and the pressure of air is 0.1MPa；The air pressure of final compressor is 6.82-
6.83MPa；In the Recuperative heat exchanger, the inlet temperature of compressed air is 136-308 DEG C, and the outlet temperature of compressed air is
13-41 DEG C, the inlet temperature of water is 3-31 DEG C, and the outlet temperature of water is 120-288 DEG C.
3. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the series of the compressor is
2-4 grades, every grade of compression ratio is identical and is 2.92-8.45.
4. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the depth of the underground reservoir
Degree is 350-600m, and the temperature from compressed air after underground reservoir taking-up is 45-55 DEG C, pressure 3.50-
6.33MPa。
5. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the mistake of air expansion
Cheng Zhong carries out backheat using the water of accumulation of heat, and the pressure of the water is 1.2-8.5MPa, and the temperature of the water is 120-288 DEG C；Often
Before grade expansion, the temperature of compressed air is 100-268 DEG C, pressure 0.2846-6.183MPa；After every grade of expansion, compressed air
Temperature be 14-55 DEG C, final stage expansion after air pressure be 0.103-0.104MPa.
6. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the mistake of air expansion
Cheng Zhong, the series of the expanding machine are 2-4 grades, and every grade of expansion ratio is identical and is 2.76-7.63.
7. full backheat compressed-air energy storage method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the compound compressor consumption
Electrical power be 6.58-14.20MW, the output power of the multiple expansion engine is 5-10MW.
8. a kind of full backheat compressed air realized such as the described in any item full backheat compressed-air energy storage methods of claim 1-7
Energy-storage system, it is characterised in that: comprising:
Transducing regenerative apparatus, electric energy are converted to compressed air energy, for air carry out multi-stage compression, it is at different levels after compressed air
Cooling by the water of cold water storage cistern, the air heat of compression is stored in boiler, the compressed air storage after final compressor outlet is cooled
There are in underground reservoir；
Backheat power generator, compressed air can be converted to electric energy, for carrying out multiple expansion to compressed air, from underground reservoir
Compressed air before the compressed air of interior taking-up or expansion at different levels is heated by the water of boiler, and air heat of compression whole backheat is in sky
In gas expansion process, water is cooled to 20.49-73 DEG C and is stored in cold water storage cistern and is recycled, the sky of expanding machine final stage outlet
Gaseity is close to atmospheric parameter and is thrown into atmosphere.
9. full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the transducing regenerative apparatus packet
It includes: motor, compressor, Recuperative heat exchanger, cold water storage cistern, boiler and underground reservoir；
The backheat power generator includes: expanding machine, generator, Recuperative heat exchanger, boiler, cold water storage cistern and underground reservoir.
10. full backheat compressed-air energy-storage system according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the underground reservoir
Depth is 350-600m；The compressed air is after underground reservoir taking-up, and temperature is 45-55 DEG C, pressure 3.50-
6.33MPa。
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