CN116115727A - 一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116115727A CN116115727A CN202211626501.1A CN202211626501A CN116115727A CN 116115727 A CN116115727 A CN 116115727A CN 202211626501 A CN202211626501 A CN 202211626501A CN 116115727 A CN116115727 A CN 116115727A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,其包括如下重量份的组分:当归40‑60份、川芎20‑40份、桃仁20‑40份、红花20‑40份、赤芍20‑40份、连召40‑60份、漏芦20‑40份、坤草40‑60份、炮姜10‑30份、申姜20‑40份、乳香20‑40份、甘草20‑40份、没药20‑40份、元胡20‑40份、牛用精补料800‑1200份。本发明提供的中兽药组合物活血祛瘀、温经止痛,暖中散寒、调理气血,在母牛产犊后及时给药,可以预防和治疗母牛胎衣不下、恶露不尽、子宫内膜炎和其它子宫损伤,疗效高、见效快,可以提高母牛的生产效率,增加养殖户的经济效益;使用的中药成分安全,体内无残留;优化了给药途径,通过将中兽药粉末与牛用精补料混合后直接饲喂产后母牛,减少了灌服中草药汤剂的难度。
Description
技术领域:
本发明涉及中兽药领域,具体涉及一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术:
在牛的养殖过程中,为保证养殖户的经济效益,母牛需要平均每年产1头牛犊。临床上的产犊旺季为11月到来年5月份,大多数牛在寒冷季节和冷季和暖季交替的季节产犊,容易产后出现宫寒、血瘀等导致的子宫恢复不全等问题。正常分娩的母牛的胎衣不下的发生率在5-12%,但流产、难产、早产等母牛的胎衣不下发生率在25-50%。母牛的适合配种时间在产后60-90天,此时受胎率很高;体况良好、子宫复原早的母牛,产后40-60天就可以发情配种。若母牛胎衣不能及时排出,助产操作不当、治疗不当引起母牛阴道炎、子宫内膜炎等生殖系统疾病的发生率会变高,也会影响子宫恢复,进而导致产后长时间不发情,甚至子宫异常,受精卵无法着床,造成终生不孕,严重影响养牛的经济效益。
针对母牛胎衣不下、子宫损伤,目前常用的有加强饲养管理、改善环境、减少应激、减少子宫感染,以及药物治疗。药物治疗分为西医和中药两大类。西兽医临床上对于母牛产后胎衣不下常规使用缩宫素或者手工剥离的方法,同时使用大量的抗生素和子宫灌注液等西药治疗,这种方法往往花费多,治疗周期长,还有体内药物残留;而且是在母牛有征兆或发病以后采取的应急性措施,必须由专业兽医进行诊断和处置,但在一些交通不便、兽医资源缺乏的地区,出现治疗不当和人员受伤的风险高,往往可能导致母牛的发情推迟和不孕不育。而现有的中草药类产品的适口性差,还存在治疗疗程长、起效慢的劣势,不长期添加和使用,其效果往往不理想。
发明内容:
为解决以上问题,本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种起效快、疗效好、使用方法简单、体内无残留的用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物。
本发明的第二个目的在于提供一种起效快、疗效好、使用方法简单、适口性高、体内无残留的用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物的制备方法。
本发明的第一个目的由如下技术方案实施:
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,其包括如下重量份的中药原料:当归40-60份、川芎20-40份、桃仁20-40份、红花20-40份、赤芍20-40份、连召40-60份、漏芦20-40份、坤草40-60份、炮姜10-30份、申姜20-40份、乳香20-40份、甘草20-40份、没药20-40份、元胡20-40份。
优选的,一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物还包括800-1200重量份的牛用精补料。牛用精补料的添加,可以增强中兽药组合物的适口性,并提供母牛所需营养。
优选的,一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物包括如下重量份的组分:当归50份、川芎30份、桃仁30份、红花30份、赤芍30份、连召50份、漏芦30份、坤草50份、炮姜20份、申姜30份、乳香30份、甘草30份、没药30份、元胡30份、牛用精补料1030份。
中兽医认为母牛产后会出现正气虚损,气不能摄血,恶露淋漓不断,牛体虚弱,肝气郁结,气滞血瘀,淤血停滞子宫,瘀滞胞脉,出现典型的血瘀、气虚和血热之症状,在寒冷季节容易导致寒凝血瘀,宫寒不孕的情况。因此本发明以活血化瘀,止血止痛、补气养血、温中散寒,暖宫助阳为辩证;以当归、川芎、桃仁、红花为君药,具有补血养血,活血化瘀之功效;辅以赤芍、连召、漏芦、坤草为臣药,具有辅佐祛瘀止血之功效;配以炮姜、申姜、乳香,有之温中散寒、暖宫助阳之功效;加入炮姜、申姜、乳香乃为使药,有止痛和调和诸药的功效。上述君臣佐使的配伍,能够更好地修复产后母牛气血盈亏引起的子宫损伤,促进恶露排出、胎衣排出,治疗子宫内膜炎,修复子宫环境。
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物中的各中药具体的功效如下:
当归:味甘、辛,性温;补血活血,调经止痛;用于血虚萎黄,虚寒腹痛。
川穹:味辛,性温;具有活血行气、燥湿、止痛、行气开郁、通络之功效,可以治疗血瘀。
桃仁:味甘、苦,性平;活血祛瘀;用于经闭痛经,症瘕痞块。
红花:味辛,性温;活血通经,散瘀止痛;用于经闭,痛经,恶露不行,症瘕痞块。
赤芍:味苦,性微寒;清热凉血,散瘀止痛;用于热入营血,吐血衄血。
连召:味甘,性平;具有清热、破气、通血、解毒等功效。
漏芦:味苦,性寒;清热解毒,消痈,下乳,舒筋通脉。
坤草:味辛苦,性微寒;活血调经,利尿消肿,清热解毒;用于月经不调,痛经经闭,恶露不尽,水肿尿少,疮疡肿毒。
炮姜:味辛,性热;温经止血,温中止痛;用于阳虚失血,吐衄崩漏。
申姜:味苦,性温;补肾,活血,止血。
乳香:味辛、苦,性温;活血行气止痛,消肿生肌。
甘草:味甘,性平;清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎;用于血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
没药:味辛苦,性平;有散瘀定痛,消肿生肌之功效;用于痛经经闭,产后瘀阻,癥瘕腹痛等病症的治疗。
元胡:味辛苦,性温;活血散瘀,行气止痛;用于经闭,痛经,产后瘀阻,跌扑肿痛。
本发明的第二个目的由如下技术方案实施:
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:
准备如下重量份的中药原料:当归40-60份、川芎20-40份、桃仁20-40份、红花20-40份、赤芍20-40份、连召40-60份、漏芦20-40份、坤草40-60份、炮姜10-30份、申姜20-40份、乳香20-40份、甘草20-40份、没药20-40份、元胡20-40份,备用;
准备牛用精补料800-1200重量份,备用;
(2)打粉:将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,过70-100目筛;
(3)混合:将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的牛用精补料搅拌混匀;
(4)制粒:将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为2.5-4mm;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1-2kg。
将中兽药与牛用精补料混合,压制成颗粒料,通过直接饲喂达到给药效果,可以提高中兽药组合物的适口性,降低产后母牛胎衣不下的发生概率,缩短恶露的排除时间,尽早调理好子宫内环境,为下一次发情和配种做好准备。
优选的,一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:
准备如下重量份的中药原料:当归50份、川芎30份、桃仁30份、红花30份、赤芍30份、连召50份、漏芦30份、坤草50份、炮姜20份、申姜30份、乳香30份、甘草30份、没药30份、元胡30份,备用;
准备牛用精补料1030重量份,备用;
(2)打粉:将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,过100目筛;
(3)混合:将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的牛用精补料搅拌混匀;
(4)制粒:将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为3.2mm;
(5)包装:将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1.5kg。
本发明的有益效果:
1、本发明的中兽药组合物通过中草药组方活血祛瘀、温经止痛,暖中散寒、调理气血,促进母牛产后子宫功能恢复,疗效高、见效快;使用的中药成分安全,体内无残留,对犊牛发育影响小,奶牛服用后对牛奶品质影响低,可以保证牛奶品质。
2、优化了给药途径,通过将中兽药粉末与牛用精补料混合后直接饲喂产后母牛,既可以提供充足的营养又能提高适口性,减少了灌服中草药汤剂的难度。
3、在母牛产犊后及时给药,可以预防和治疗母牛胎衣不下、恶露不尽、子宫内膜炎和其它子宫损伤,促进胎衣、恶露排出,修复子宫,为再次发情和受孕做好生理准备,提高母牛的生产效率,增加养殖户的经济效益。
具体实施方式:
为了更加简洁明了的展示本发明的技术方案、目的和优点,下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在所有实施例中,使用的牛用精补料均购自内蒙古广业牧丰生物科技有限责任公司,商品名为808繁殖母牛精料补充料。
实施例1
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,包括如下重量份的组分:当归40份、川芎20份、桃仁20份、红花20份、赤芍20份、连召40份、漏芦20份、坤草40份、炮姜10份、申姜20份、乳香20份、甘草20份、没药20份、元胡20份、繁殖母牛精料补充料1170份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)准备上述重量份的中药原料和繁殖母牛精料补充料,备用;
(2)将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,粉碎,过100目筛;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的繁殖母牛精料补充料搅拌混匀;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为3.2mm;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1.5kg。
其饲喂方法为:将上述制好的中兽药组合物颗粒饲喂给产后的母牛,每次饲喂1包,1-2日内饲喂2次,饲喂间隔12-24小时。自由饮水,其它管理参照牛场管理执行。
实施例2
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,包括如下重量份的组分:当归50份、川芎30份、桃仁30份、红花30份、赤芍30份、连召50份、漏芦30份、坤草50份、炮姜20份、申姜30份、乳香30份、甘草30份、没药30份、元胡30份、繁殖母牛精料补充料1030份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)准备上述重量份的中药原料和繁殖母牛精料补充料,备用;
(2)将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,粉碎,过100目筛;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的繁殖母牛精料补充料搅拌混匀;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为3.2mm;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1.5kg。
其饲喂方法为:将上述制好的中兽药组合物颗粒饲喂给产后的母牛,每次饲喂1包,1-2日内饲喂2次,饲喂间隔12-24小时。自由饮水,其它管理参照牛场管理执行。
实施例3
一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,包括如下重量份的组分:当归60份、川芎40份、桃仁40份、红花40份、赤芍40份、连召60份、漏芦40份、坤草60份、炮姜30份、申姜40份、乳香40份、甘草40份、没药40份、元胡40份、繁殖母牛精料补充料890份。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)准备上述重量份的中药原料和繁殖母牛精料补充料,备用;
(2)步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,粉碎,过100目筛;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的繁殖母牛精料补充料搅拌混匀;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为3.2mm;
(5)将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1.5kg。
其饲喂方法为:将上述制好的中兽药组合物颗粒饲喂给产后的母牛,每次饲喂1包,1-2日内饲喂2次,饲喂间隔12-24小时。自由饮水,其它管理参照牛场管理执行。
实施例4
母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物饲喂试验:
1.试验方法
(1)对照组:
健康对照组:选取15头产后身体健康、未发生胎衣不下或子宫炎症的母牛,饲喂方法及日常管理参照牛场管理执行。
西药对照组:选取15头产后2-5天内发生胎衣不下的母牛,使用抗生素和子宫灌注液治疗3-6天。对产后胎衣不下的母牛,使用青霉素160万单位6支、链霉素80万单位2支进行肌肉注射,早晚各一次,连续注射3日,促进胎衣排出。连续注射抗生素3日后,若母牛因胎衣不下继发子宫内膜炎、恶露排不净等病征,需使用青霉素160万单位15支加生理盐水250ml灌注母牛子宫,每日1次,连续灌注3日。饲喂方法及日常管理参照牛场管理执行。
(2)中兽药治疗组:
选取45头产后2-5天内发生胎衣不下的母牛作为试验牛;将试验牛随机分为3组,每个组别各15头试验牛。将实施例1制得的中兽药组合物饲喂试验牛,设置为中兽药治疗组1;将实施例2制得的中兽药组合物饲喂试验牛,设置为中兽药治疗组2;将实施例3制得的中兽药组合物饲喂试验牛,设置为中兽药治疗组3。每头牛单独饲喂,避免互相抢食和剩料;每次饲喂1.5kg的中兽药组合物,1-2日内饲喂2次,饲喂间隔12-24小时;自由饮水,其它管理参照牛场管理执行。
(3)中兽药预防组:
选取200头刚生产的母牛作为试验牛,将实施例2制得的中兽药组合物饲喂试验牛。每头牛单独饲喂,避免互相抢食和剩料。在产后2h内饲喂第1份中兽药组合物,12-24小时后饲喂第2份中兽药组合物;自由饮水,其它管理参照牛场管理执行。
2.试验结果
统计对照组、中兽药治疗组、中兽药预防组的产后母牛的子宫修复情况,结果如表2所示:
表2产后母牛子宫修复情况
*胎衣不下指产后母牛用药后胎衣没有在24小时内掉下,需要人工介入剥离。
#健康对照组的恶露排尽的时间从产后算起;西药对照组、中兽药治疗组、中兽药预防组的恶露排尽时间从第一次用药算起。
&子宫修复是指母牛产后子宫生殖机能的恢复,表现在子宫的体积缩小、胎衣顺利排出,没有明显的炎症状况,状态和生理功能基本恢复至产前状态。健康对照组的子宫修复的时间从产后算起;西药对照组、中兽药治疗组、中兽药预防组的子宫修复时间从第一次用药算起。
健康对照组(产后未发生胎衣不下)的母牛在不进行人工干预的情况下,恶露排尽需要7-10天,子宫修复25-30天;西药对照组经抗生素和子宫灌注液治疗3-6天后,恶露排尽需要12-15天,子宫修复15-20天,有一定的效果,但是见效较慢,且需要专业的西兽医进行治疗,耗费人力物力。中兽药治疗组将中兽药组合物饲喂产后发生了胎衣不下的母牛,对其恶露不尽具有明显的治疗效果,尤其是中兽药治疗组2、中兽药治疗组3,治疗后试验牛3-5天即可恶露排尽,15-20天子宫修复,相比西药对照组,见效快,且成分安全、体内无残留。
给中兽药预防组的试验牛产后饲喂2次由实施例2制得的中兽药组合物后,试验牛的恶露排尽时间为2-7天,子宫修复所用时间为10-15天,见效快。在中兽药预防组的200头试验牛中,有185头试验牛为正常分娩,15头试验牛发生了难产、早产、流产等情况。其中正常分娩的试验牛中,有179头未发生胎衣不下或子宫内膜炎,胎衣不下的发生率为3.2%;早产、难产和流产的试验牛中,2头试验牛在用药后仍存在24小时内胎衣未下的情况,胎衣不下发生率13.3%,但是其胎衣剥离非常顺畅;相比未用药时正常分娩的母牛的胎衣不下的发生率在5-12%,流产、难产、早产等母牛的胎衣不下发生率在25-50%,中兽药预防组的试验牛的胎衣不下发生率明显下降。由此可见,将本发明提供的中兽药组合物用于产后母牛对其子宫相关病征的预防效果明显。
因此,本发明提供的一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物及其制备方法在预防和治疗母牛产后胎衣不下、恶露不尽和其它子宫损伤方面有显著的效果,见效快,可以促进胎衣、恶露排出,修复子宫。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,其特征在于,其包括如下重量份的中药原料:当归40-60份、川芎20-40份、桃仁20-40份、红花20-40份、赤芍20-40份、连召40-60份、漏芦20-40份、坤草40-60份、炮姜10-30份、申姜20-40份、乳香20-40份、甘草20-40份、没药20-40份、元胡20-40份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,其特征在于,还包括800-1200重量份的牛用精补料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物,其特征在于,其包括如下重量份的组分:当归50份、川芎30份、桃仁30份、红花30份、赤芍30份、连召50份、漏芦30份、坤草50份、炮姜20份、申姜30份、乳香30份、甘草30份、没药30份、元胡30份、牛用精补料1030份。
4.一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:
准备如下重量份的中药原料:当归40-60份、川芎20-40份、桃仁20-40份、红花20-40份、赤芍20-40份、连召40-60份、漏芦20-40份、坤草40-60份、炮姜10-30份、申姜20-40份、乳香20-40份、甘草20-40份、没药20-40份、元胡20-40份,备用;
准备牛用精补料800-1200重量份,备用;
(2)打粉:将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,过70-100目筛;
(3)混合:将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的牛用精补料搅拌混匀;
(4)制粒:将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为2.5-4mm;
(5)包装:将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1-2kg。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种用于母牛产后子宫修复的中兽药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)备料:
准备如下重量份的中药原料:当归50份、川芎30份、桃仁30份、红花30份、赤芍30份、连召50份、漏芦30份、坤草50份、炮姜20份、申姜30份、乳香30份、甘草30份、没药30份、元胡30份,备用;
准备牛用精补料1030重量份,备用;
(2)打粉:将步骤(1)备好的中药原料一起粉碎,过100目筛;
(3)混合:将步骤(2)得到的药粉与步骤(1)备好的牛用精补料搅拌混匀;
(4)制粒:将步骤(3)得到的中兽药组合物制成颗粒,其粒径为3.2mm;
(5)包装:将步骤(4)制得的中兽药组合物颗粒进行包装,每包1.5kg。
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