CN116098167A

CN116098167A - Application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases

Info

Publication number: CN116098167A
Application number: CN202211254001.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨合法; 李季; 张泽宇
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2017-05-10
Filing date: 2017-05-10
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Also published as: CN107114408A

Abstract

The invention provides application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases, wherein the plant soil-borne diseases are damping-off diseases; the plants are cucumber and spinach. According to the invention, after the bamboo vinegar is diluted, the diluted bamboo vinegar is used for irrigating the seedling substrate 200 times before the plant seedlings are planted, and the dosage of the diluted bamboo vinegar is 1L per cubic meter, so that the damping-off of cucumbers and spinach can be effectively prevented and treated. The results of the examples show that the bamboo vinegar with 200 times dilution can effectively prevent and treat seedling stage cucumber and spinach damping-off, the prevention and treatment effect on cucumber damping-off is 79.1%, and the prevention and treatment effect on spinach damping-off is 82.1%.

Description

Application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases

The application is a divisional application of application date 2017, 05-10, application number 201710327019.0 and application name of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases and plant growth promotion.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of plant disease control, in particular to application of bamboo vinegar in controlling plant soil-borne diseases.

Background

Plant diseases are affected by pathogenic bacteria such as bacteria and fungi during plant growth. Downy mildew is a fungal disease belonging to the genus Phytophthora, mainly comprising harmful stems, leaves, and flower stalks, seed pods, and the disease She Zhengmian is usually a yellow brown polygonal disease spot, which has great threat to greenhouse vegetable production. The pathogenic bacteria overwintering on soil or plant disease residues with oospores, the spores are transmitted by farmland irrigation water, and the plant can be infected for many times in the plant growth period to cause morbidity. The common medicines for preventing and controlling cabbage downy mildew include metalaxyl and clematis, but the problems of pesticide residue, plant drug resistance and the like are urgent to be seen in a new downy mildew prevention method.

The vegetable seedling damping-off is a common vegetable seedling disease, commonly known as mycorrhizal and foot rot, and is caused by the infection of fungi such as Pythum, phytophthora (Phytophthora), rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia) and the like, and the disease not only affects the quality of vegetables, reduces the yield of the vegetables, but also reduces the economic benefit of greenhouse vegetable production.

The bamboo vinegar is gas generated in the pyrolysis of bamboo in the firing process of bamboo charcoal. The deep red brown liquid with characteristic smell obtained by continuously dry distilling and carbonizing bamboo processing residues contains various components such as organic acid, phenol, ketone, aldehyde, alcohol and the like. From the 60 s of the last century, japanese scientists research and find that the bamboo vinegar has remarkable inhibition effect on various pathogenic fungi and bacteria, and the bamboo vinegar fertilizer prepared by adding a certain amount of amino acid, chitosan and a proper amount of trace elements has remarkable growth-promoting and disease-preventing effects when the bamboo vinegar is compounded. Since the 90 s of the last century, china began to develop and utilize bamboo vinegar and apply the bamboo vinegar to plant disease control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases.

Another object of the invention is to provide the use of bamboo vinegar in plant growth promotion.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating plant soil-borne diseases, wherein the plant soil-borne diseases are downy mildew.

The application is that after the bamboo vinegar liquid is diluted, the diluted liquid is taken to perform root irrigation treatment on plants and/or the seedling substrate is treated by the diluted liquid.

In the application, the seedling substrate is irrigated with diluted bamboo vinegar solution 200 times before seedling field planting, and the dosage of the diluted bamboo vinegar solution is about 1L per cubic meter.

After the seedlings are planted, the bamboo vinegar liquid diluted by 80-100 times is applied to the roots of the seedlings in the seedling stage, and the bamboo vinegar liquid is applied along with the agricultural irrigation operation in the plant growing season, and is applied for about 3-4 times in one growing season.

The aforementioned uses, the plants include, but are not limited to, cruciferous, cucurbitaceous, solanaceae plants.

The invention also provides the use of bamboo vinegar in plant growth promotion, including but not limited to cruciferous, cucurbitaceae plants.

The bamboo vinegar liquid is obtained by taking the Mono bamboo as a raw material, firing the Mono bamboo at a kiln mouth temperature of 80-120 ℃, and collecting a distillation product. The bamboo vinegar liquid contains organic acid more than 6%, and is rich in various plant protection active substances such as phenol, aldehyde, etc.

The invention has the following advantages:

before seedling raising, bamboo vinegar liquid with 200 times of dilution is irrigated to a seedling bed, and the control effect on cucumber damping-off reaches 79.1%.

After the field planting of the seedlings, the seedlings are irrigated with bamboo vinegar which is diluted 80-100 times, the control effect on cucumber downy mildew reaches 76.5%, and the downy mildew of cucurbitaceae and cruciferous vegetables can be effectively controlled.

And (III) a proper amount of bamboo vinegar can well promote seedling growth of cruciferous and cucurbitaceous plants, and the fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter rate of the single plant are improved compared with those of a control.

Detailed Description

The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and all raw materials used are commercially available.

The bamboo vinegar used in the following examples was purchased from bamboo charcoal limited, division of the encyclopedia of Zhejiang. The bamboo vinegar is obtained by taking Phyllostachys Pubescens as raw material, firing at 80-120deg.C, and collecting distilled product. The bamboo vinegar liquid contains organic acid more than 6%, and is rich in various plant protection active substances such as phenol, aldehyde, etc.

Example 1

Application of bamboo vinegar in preventing and treating damping-off and downy mildew of cucurbitaceae plants (cucumbers)

Taking cucumber seeds with consistent growth vigor, sowing after germination acceleration, watering seedling raising pot matrixes thoroughly (processing bamboo vinegar liquid), selecting cucumber seeds with exposed seed tips for sowing, sowing one seed in each seedling raising pot, processing each seedling raising pot, sowing 20 pot, covering vermiculite with 2cm after sowing, and placing the seedling raising pot matrixes in a protection facility for conventional management.

When the seedling raising substrate (perlite: vermiculite weight ratio is 2:1) is treated, the concentration of the bamboo vinegar is set to 5 gradients, 1L of bamboo vinegar diluted by 50 times, 100 times, 200 times and 250 times is poured into each cubic meter of substrate, and clear water is used for comparison to replace the bamboo vinegar. Adding the treated substrate into a seedling pot for cucumber seedling. On the 15 th day after cucumber sowing, 10 strains of each treated cucumber are respectively extracted by adopting a random sampling method, and the occurrence of damping-off in the seedling stage of each treated cucumber is investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 prevention and treatment effects of bamboo vinegar on damping-off in cucumber seedling stage

Bamboo vinegar dilution factor	Prevention and control effect
		50 times of	35.5％
100 times of	67.4％
		200 times of	79.1％
250 times	72.9％
		Clean water	4.6％

According to the table 1, the bamboo vinegar with different dilution factors can effectively prevent and treat the occurrence of seedling stage cucumber damping-off, and the prevention and treatment effect is 35.5% -79.1%.

After cucumber cotyledons are flattened, root irrigation is carried out by respectively using bamboo vinegar liquid which is diluted by 50 times, 80 times, 100 times, 200 times and 300 times (50 mL of root irrigation is carried out on each plant), 72% of dew is used as a control, 10 plants of each treated cucumber are respectively extracted by adopting a random sampling method after root irrigation for 20 days, the disease index of downy mildew is observed, the bamboo vinegar liquid is applied along with agricultural irrigation operation in plant growing season, and the bamboo vinegar liquid is applied for 3-4 times in one growing season. And calculating the control effect. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 effect of bamboo vinegar on controlling downy mildew of cucurbitaceae plants (cucumbers)

According to the table 2, the bamboo vinegar with different dilution factors can effectively prevent and treat the occurrence of the downy mildew of cucurbitaceae plants (cucumbers), and the control effect is 40.3-76.5%.

Example 2

Application of bamboo vinegar liquid in preventing and treating spinach damping-off and downy mildew

Before spinach grows seedlings, when the seedling raising substrate (perlite: vermiculite weight ratio is 2:1) is treated, the concentration of the bamboo vinegar is set to 5 gradients, 1L of bamboo vinegar diluted by 50 times, 100 times, 200 times and 250 times is respectively poured into each cubic meter of substrate, and clear water is used for replacing the bamboo vinegar in comparison. Adding the treated substrate into a seedling pot for cucumber seedling. On the 15 th day after cucumber sowing, 10 strains of spinach are extracted respectively by adopting a random sampling method, and the occurrence of damping-off in the seedling stage of each treated spinach is investigated. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 prevention and treatment effects of bamboo vinegar on damping-off in seedling stage of spinach

Bamboo vinegar dilution factor	Prevention and control effect
		50 times of	36.4％
100 times of	75.4％
		200 times of	82.1％
250 times	72.5％
		Clean water	4.2％

According to the table 3, the bamboo vinegar with different dilution factors can effectively prevent and treat the spinach damping-off at the seedling stage, and the prevention and treatment effect is 36.4% -82.1%.

The root irrigation is carried out by respectively diluting 50 times, 80 times, 100 times, 200 times and 300 times of bamboo vinegar (each plant is irrigated with 50 mL), 72 percent of dew is used as a control, 10 plants of spinach are respectively extracted by adopting a random sampling method after 20 days of root irrigation, the disease index is observed, the bamboo vinegar is applied along with agricultural irrigation operation in plant growing season, and the bamboo vinegar is applied for 3 to 4 times in one growing season. And calculating the control effect. The results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 control effect of bamboo vinegar on downy mildew of spinach

According to Table 4, it can be seen that the bamboo vinegar with different dilution factors can effectively prevent and treat the downy mildew of spinach, and the prevention and treatment effect is 55.1% -78.4%.

Example 3

Application of bamboo vinegar in promoting growth of cruciferae and cucurbitaceae plants

The bamboo vinegar liquid with proper amount can promote the seedling growth of cruciferous plant and cucurbitaceae plant, and has raised fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter rate.

1. Promoting growth of Chinese cabbage by bamboo vinegar

After the bamboo vinegar diluted by 80-100 times is applied in the seedling stage to irrigate roots, the Chinese cabbage has a fast growth speed compared with other groups of treatments, the leaves are greenish, the dry weight is increased by 36.31% compared with the dry weight of a control group (applying clear water), and the fresh weight is increased by 26.54%.

2. Growth promoting effect of bamboo vinegar on cucumber

After the bamboo vinegar diluted by 80-100 times is applied in the seedling stage to irrigate roots, compared with other groups of treatment, the cucumber has the advantages of high growth speed, greenish leaves, 46.21% increase in dry weight compared with the control group (applying clear water), and 30.58% increase in fresh weight.

While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. The application of the bamboo vinegar liquid in preventing and controlling plant soil-borne diseases is characterized in that the plant soil-borne diseases are damping-off diseases;

diluting the bamboo vinegar liquid, and then taking the diluted liquid to treat the seedling substrate;

the treatment is that the seedling substrate is irrigated with diluted bamboo vinegar solution 200 times before the field planting of the plant seedlings, and the dosage is diluted bamboo vinegar solution 1L per cubic meter;

the plants are cucumber and spinach.

2. The use according to claim 1, wherein after the field planting of seedlings, the bamboo vinegar diluted 80-100 times is applied to the roots of seedlings, and the bamboo vinegar is applied along with the agricultural irrigation operation in the growing season of plants, 3-4 times in one growing season.

3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the bamboo vinegar is bamboo vinegar obtained by collecting distilled products obtained by taking a banjo bamboo as a raw material and firing the banjo bamboo at a kiln mouth firing temperature of 80-120 ℃; the organic acid content in the bamboo vinegar is more than 6%, and the bamboo vinegar is rich in plant protection active substance phenol and aldehyde.

4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the seedling substrate is perlite and vermiculite.

5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of perlite to vermiculite is 2:1.