CN116098047A - Vegetable culture method and system - Google Patents
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- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N2021/8466—Investigation of vegetal material, e.g. leaves, plants, fruits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable cultivation method and a system, which relate to the field of vegetable cultivation, and the technical scheme is as follows: a method of vegetable cultivation comprising supplementing vegetables with light, the supplementing light method comprising the steps of: acquiring meteorological data from a network weather platform at 7 to 19 days, and calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period; calculating effective illumination time of the day, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value or not; and if the effective illumination time of the day is smaller than the illumination threshold value, supplementing light to the vegetables after 19 hours, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time. The purpose of fine light supplementing is achieved, and the production efficiency of vegetables is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydroponic vegetables, in particular to a vegetable culture method and system.
Background
Hydroponics belongs to a relatively advanced cultivation mode in soilless culture; the hydroponic growth of the leaf vegetables has the characteristics of freshness, cleanliness, good taste and the like; the leaf vegetables are large in market demand and difficult to store, and if the leaf vegetables are transported in a special period, transportation is seriously blocked, so that traffic logistics is hindered; the soil cultivation is limited by seasons, and the water planting can be performed in a continuous seeding, field planting, harvesting and continuous production mode; in addition, the leaf vegetable water planting can relatively avoid diseases and insects, continuous cropping obstacle and has high multi-cropping economic benefit. Although the daily management of water planting is relatively simple, the regulation and control of temperature and humidity illumination are finished; however, the prior art still has a large limitation in the degree of refinement. For example, most vegetables have high requirements on illumination, and the manner of adjusting illumination in the prior art mainly depends on the weather change of people to make a decision whether to supplement light. The sunshine duration per time period needs to be counted if fine management is to be achieved, but these methods require a lot of manpower. For small hydroponic vegetable cultivation for household use, the effort and income are not proportional.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a vegetable cultivation method, which utilizes a network to acquire meteorological data, saves manpower and realizes fine light supplementing.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of vegetable cultivation comprising supplementing vegetables with light, the supplementing light method comprising the steps of: acquiring meteorological data from a network weather platform at 7 to 19 days, and calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period; calculating effective illumination time of the day, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value or not; and if the effective illumination time of the day is smaller than the Yu Guangzhao threshold value, the vegetables are slowly supplemented with light after 19, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time.
Further, the effective illumination time is the number of sunny hours+0.25 x cloudy hours.
Further, the illumination threshold is classified into full sunlight, half sunlight and full yin according to the vegetable type; the full-sun vegetable illumination threshold is 6 hours; the half-sunlight vegetable illumination threshold value is 4 hours; the whole yin type vegetable does not set the illumination threshold.
Further, the vegetable growth condition judging method comprises the following steps: acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodic continuous shooting mode; performing contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle, and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle; judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, judging that the vegetables are ripe and can be picked.
Further, the shooting mode is that vegetables are shot at 9 hours and 17 hours every day, and pictures are ordered in time sequence.
Further, the threshold is 2% to 5%.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a vegetable cultivation system, comprising a cultivation device and a control device, wherein the cultivation device comprises a cultivation component, a light supplementing component, a power supply component and a water circulation component; the cultivation component comprises a PVC water pipe with a planting port, and a planting basket is arranged in the planting port; the end part of the PVC water pipe is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the light supplementing assembly comprises a light supplementing lamp bar, and the light supplementing lamp bar is arranged above the planting port; the water circulation assembly comprises a water storage tank; the water storage tank is communicated with the water inlet through a hose; the water outlet is communicated with the water storage tank through a hose; the water storage tank is used for storing nutrient solution; the nutrient solution is circulated in the water storage tank and the cultivation component through the water pump; the power supply component comprises a lithium battery and a solar panel; the solar panel is used for supplying power to the lithium battery, the water pump and the light supplementing lamp strip; the control device comprises a communication module and a control module; the communication module is used for receiving weather data from the network weather platform when the day 7 to the day 19 is acquired; the control module is used for calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period; calculating effective illumination time, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value; and if the light quantity is smaller than the illumination threshold value, controlling the light supplementing assembly to supplement light to the vegetables, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time.
Further, the light supplementing light bar is provided with light beads, and the light beads are at least one of red, orange, blue, purple and white.
Further, the system also comprises a growth vigor prompting system; the growth condition prompting system comprises a camera device, an identification device and a prompting device; the camera device is used for acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodic continuous shooting mode; the identification device is used for carrying out contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle; the prompting device is used for judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, the vegetables are considered to be ripe and can be picked, and a prompting picking signal is sent out.
Further, the shooting mode is that vegetables are shot at 9 hours and 17 hours every day, and pictures are ordered in time sequence; the threshold is 2% to 5%.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the local accurate meteorological data can be obtained by acquiring the meteorological data of the current day in real time through a network, and the fine light supplementing operation is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a light supplementing method of example 1
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a growth judgment method according to embodiment 2
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a culture apparatus according to example 3
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship of a control device according to embodiment 3
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the growth judgment system of embodiment 3
In the figure: 1. a water storage tank; 2. a PVC water pipe; 3. a transfer tube; 4. a planting port; 5. and (5) a light supplementing lamp bar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a light supplementing method in a vegetable cultivation process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring meteorological data from a network weather platform at 7 to 19 days, and calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period;
acquiring weather information from a weather platform, counting the weather information of the day according to the hours from 7 hours to 19 hours, dividing the weather information into sunny days, cloudy days, overcast and rainy days, foggy days and snowy days, mainly calculating sunny days and cloudy time periods, and if the h hour of the x day is sunny days, recording as ax h The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If the h hour on the y day is cloudy, the time is recorded as by h The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The rest is marked as cz h ；
S2: calculating effective illumination time of the day, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value or not; and if the effective illumination time of the day is smaller than the illumination threshold value, supplementing light to the vegetables after 19 hours, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time.
Dividing cultivated leaf vegetables into three leaf vegetables of full sun (sunlight is directly irradiated for more than 6 hours), half sun (sunlight is directly irradiated for 4-6 hours) and full shade (sunlight is directly irradiated for less than 4 hours), and if the water-cultured lettuce (full shade leaf vegetables) is before evening, counting effective sunlight time for the former weather before evening
If the effective sunshine time is->
Then make up the light run +.>
The rest of the leafy vegetables are compensated for light sources before the evening by analogy.
In a possible embodiment, the weather information may be acquired by using another open platform. And selecting proper statistical time according to the longitude and latitude of the local place. For example, the western region can select 10 to 22 hours, and the calculation mode is also adaptively adjusted. And the statistical time adjustment made in combination with the actual situation is an equivalent scheme of the scheme.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a growth condition judging method in a vegetable cultivation process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodical continuous shooting mode.
Specifically, the vegetables can be set to be photographed at 9 a.m. and 17 a.m. every day, and the photos are sequenced according to the time sequence after being photographed. The set time can be selected at any time according to the local light condition.
S2: performing contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle, and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle; judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, judging that the vegetables are mature and can be picked; a signal prompting picking is sent out.
Python may be used for the minimum circumscribed rectangular area. Specifically, after loading cv2 and numpy modules and importing an image folder, each image is firstly subjected to cvtcolor function processing, binarization and graying, then threshold function processing is carried out to conveniently carry out findcontours function contour detection on the images, after preprocessing is completed, for circulation is carried out, and from the just contour detection, the minimum circumscribed rectangle (minimum circumscribed circle) of MinAreate, the coordinate position of the circumscribed rectangle of box points and the drawing rectangle of draw circles are found according to coordinate points, and the area is calculated according to a rectangular area formula (length x width). The rate of change of the area is calculated using the following formula:
wherein S is k Is the minimum circumscribed rectangular area of the kth picture, S k-1 The minimum circumscribed rectangular area is the last graph.
And the vegetables are considered to reach the optimal picking state until the area change rate of the smallest circumscribed rectangle of the continuous 3 images is 2% -5%. And outputting the return to the bat program for further harvesting the image popup window to remind the user that the leaf vegetables tend to ripe.
By the method, automatic judgment of vegetable harvesting can be realized, and the situation that the optimal picking period is not reached or missed by artificial judgment is avoided.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a vegetables culture system, culture system includes culture apparatus, and culture apparatus includes cultivation subassembly, light filling subassembly, power supply module and hydrologic cycle subassembly.
The cultivation component comprises a PVC water pipe 2 with a planting port 4, and a planting basket is arranged in the planting port 4; the end part of the PVC water pipe 2 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. After the PVC water pipe 2 is horizontally placed, the planting port 4 faces upwards for cultivating plants. And the pipeline connecting device also comprises a switching pipe 3, wherein the switching pipe 3 is used for connecting pipelines with different sizes. One end of the transfer tube 3 with larger caliber is communicated with the PVC water pipe 2, and the joint of the transfer tube 3 and the PVC water pipe 2 is a water inlet or a water outlet; an arch dam for preventing the water pipe from flowing back is arranged in the water inlet; the arch dam can keep a certain water level in the PVC pipeline.
The light supplementing assembly comprises a light supplementing lamp bar 5, and the light supplementing lamp bar 5 is arranged above the planting port 4; is used for supplementing light to plants.
The water circulation assembly comprises a water storage tank 1; the water storage tank 1 is communicated with the water inlet through a hose; the water outlet is communicated with the water storage tank 1 through a hose; the water storage tank 1 is used for storing nutrient solution; the cultivation device also comprises a water pump, and nutrient solution circulates in the water storage tank 1 and the cultivation component through the water pump.
In one possible embodiment, there are multiple layers of cultivation components, each group of cultivation components comprising two parallel arranged PVC water pipes 2; one end of each PVC water pipe 2 which is arranged in parallel is communicated with the hose through a transfer pipe 3, and the other end is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet respectively. The water in the water storage tank 1 enters the water inlet of the uppermost cultivation component through a hose; the water outlet of the lowest cultivation component is communicated with the water storage tank 1 to finish reflux; the water outlet of the upper layer is communicated with the water inlet of the lower layer. Each layer of cultivation assembly is correspondingly provided with a light supplementing lamp strip 5. The light supplementing lamp strip 5 is provided with lamp beads, and the lamp beads are at least one of red, orange, blue, purple and white. The light supplementing lamp strip 5 is 9 patch lamp beads of the LED light supplementing lamp strip 5, wherein the 3 rd lamp bead patch is a red lamp bead patch, the 4 th lamp bead patch is an orange lamp bead patch, the 5 th lamp bead patch is a blue lamp bead patch, the 6 th lamp bead patch is a white lamp bead patch, and the rest positions are white lamp bead patches.
The embodiment provides a vegetable cultivation system, which further comprises a power supply assembly and a control module; the power supply assembly comprises a power supply inverter, wherein the power supply inverter is connected with mains supply and supplies power for the control module, the water pump and the light supplementing lamp strip.
The power supply assembly further comprises a lithium battery, a solar panel and a lithium battery power supply relation assembly; the lithium battery can supply power for the water pump and the light supplementing lamp strip through the power supply management assembly.
The control module comprises a singlechip, and optionally a stm32 singlechip. The control module is connected with the Internet through the wifi module and is used for acquiring instructions or information.
Acquiring weather forecast data from a network weather platform at the time of day 7 to 19; such as
The solar panel directly supplies power to the water pump for circulation of the culture solution in 10 minutes per hour, and the rest time is used for power storage of the photovoltaic lithium battery; />
The solar panel supplies power to the water pump every 20 minutes, and the rest time is stored by the photovoltaic lithium battery. />
The solar panel is canceled to directly supply power to the water pump, the lithium battery (more than 20 percent) is used for supplying power to the water pump normally at 5v per hour for 5 min, and the photovoltaic panel is used for storing power for the lithium battery.
The control module is internally integrated with A/D conversion, before the operation of the light supplementing lamp in the evening, electric quantity detection is carried out on the lithium battery, after the electric quantity of the simulated LED light supplementing lamp is used, the lithium battery is used for supplying power to the LED light supplementing lamp, otherwise, the electric quantity is supplied by the mains supply.
In addition, when the control module controls the water pump to operate, the water pump normally operates at night to influence the sleeping quality of a user, and the water pump is powered by the 2m lift water pump according to different voltage levels in the daytime and at night, and is powered by 5v in the daytime and 3.3v at night, so that the circulation of culture solution is ensured, and the circulation of the culture solution is also ensured to operate in a mute mode relatively in the daytime.
The embodiment provides a vegetable culture system, which further comprises a growth prompting system; the growth condition prompting system comprises a camera device, an identification device and a prompting device; the camera device is used for acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodic continuous shooting mode; the identification device is used for carrying out contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle; the prompting device is used for judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, the vegetables are considered to be ripe and can be picked, and a prompting picking signal is sent out.
In a possible embodiment, the identification means and the prompting means are computers. The camera device adopts an android system. The working principle is as follows:
the method comprises the steps of performing batch processing on a computer terminal, performing ADB debugging bridge on an Android platform and judging growth vigor of python leaf vegetables, mutually calling and matching three programs, firstly starting an ADB root in the bat to perform Android platform root permission, and obtaining the highest instruction permission, wherein the percentage of data in the bat is%
And% time% reading system or date and time of the east eight area, the format is yyyy/M/d, H: mm: ss, character string interception is carried out on time,% time is about 0,2% is time,% time is about 3,2% is minutes,% time is about 6,2% is seconds, and the instructions are that the sunlight is soft in the morning and evening, meanwhile, the sunlight is soft, the camera is used for taking photos by calling an adb instruction every day at 9:00 and 17:00, and the time character string judgment is equal to two photos of 0 minutes 0 seconds at 9 and 0 minutes 0 seconds at 17, wherein: adb shell am start-n com.android.camera/. Camera starts the Camera, adb shell input keyevent takes a picture, the secondary command is that the app image with the Camera is originally obtained, then JPG is automatically copied and pasted into a pc hard disk from an Android specified directory through adb pull, and after the pictures reach a certain number (20 pictures), a python instruction (environment variable under windows is configured successfully) is operated in bat: python recognition-auto. Py leaf vegetables after the python program (named py file is recogntion-auto. Py) is judged, if the best growth situation of the leaf vegetables is judged before and after the decision day, a harvesting picture is popped up by a window at a computer end to prompt a user to harvest the leaf vegetables before and after the day.
And after loading a cv2 and numpy module into an image folder, carrying out cvtcolor function processing on each image, carrying out binarization and graying, carrying out threshold processing on the images, conveniently carrying out findcontours function contour detection on the images, carrying out for circulation after preprocessing, finding out minimum circumscribed rectangle (minimum circumscribed circle) of MinAreact and the coordinate position and drawcontours of the circumscribed rectangle according to coordinate points in the contour detection, drawing a rectangle according to a rectangular area formula (length x width), comparing rectangular areas of adjacent images, judging leaf vegetable growth vigor relatively, carrying out popup window reminding at a Windows end after the area is increased to a harvest threshold value, otherwise, carrying out next python leaf vegetable growth vigor judgment until the minimum circumscribed rectangle area of the leaf vegetables within 3 consecutive days is within 2%, and carrying out next image popup window maturation reminding program after return is output to bat.
The system provided by the embodiment has the following beneficial effects: the occupied area of the invention can be only small, the requirements of planting leaf vegetables in the home life can be fully met, especially in the severe urban sealing and controlling state in the new crown epidemic situation, the young people in the city have fewer people with planting experience and even five cereals are not recognized, and under the cooperation of the automatic system control device and the python leaf vegetable growth condition judging program, the leaf vegetables can be automatically cultivated relatively without human intervention, the leaf vegetable harvesting time is prompted, the manual labor is reduced, and the device can be ensured to normally run by working staff in the city in daytime.
Photovoltaic (PV) technology development has undergone iterations of first generation PV technology, which manufactures solar cells from single crystal silicon and polysilicon technology; a second generation of PV technology, solar cells being fabricated using thin film technology; the third generation of PV technology uses a solar silicon-smelting, tracking, condensing and high-efficiency condensing silicon cell to generate electricity. Photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic solar panels, have been increasingly used in equipment in many industries today due to their excellent electricity costs and storage rates after 2020. The third generation photovoltaic power generation technology adopted in this embodiment is very important as a green technology. The solar silicon smelting technology is used as a core technology, and the pollution caused by the solar silicon smelting technology is basically equal to zero. The third generation photovoltaic power generation technology is revolutionary in the sense that solar energy is utilized, not electric energy, but not fossil energy, although it is also high energy consumption.
Android Debug Bridge (ADB) wireless debugging bridge of Android platform, general command line instrument, it can be as an Android and PC end connected bridge, and the user can carry out comprehensive operation to Android equipment on PC through the ADB. And the Android equipment and the pc running the adb are connected to the same local area network without the aid of USB, the ip address of the equipment is found, and the Android equipment is connected to a computer through the adb and the ip address.
The present embodiment is only for explanation of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and modifications to the present embodiment, which may not creatively contribute to the present invention as required by those skilled in the art after reading the present specification, are all protected by patent laws within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of cultivating vegetables, comprising the step of supplementing vegetables with light, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring meteorological data from a network weather platform at 7 to 19 days, and calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period;
calculating effective illumination time of the day, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value or not;
and if the effective illumination time of the day is smaller than the illumination threshold value, supplementing light to the vegetables after 19 hours, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time.
2. A method of vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, wherein: the effective illumination time is the number of sunny hours plus 0.25 times of cloudy hours.
3. A method of vegetable cultivation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the illumination threshold is divided into full sunlight, half sunlight and full yin according to vegetable types; the full-sun vegetable illumination threshold is 6 hours; the half-sunlight vegetable illumination threshold value is 4 hours; the whole yin type vegetable does not set the illumination threshold.
4. A method of vegetable cultivation according to claim 1, wherein: the vegetable growth condition judging method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodic continuous shooting mode;
performing contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle, and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle;
judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, judging that the vegetables are ripe and can be picked.
5. The vegetable cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the shooting mode is that vegetables are shot at 9 and 17 times daily, and pictures are ordered in time sequence.
6. The vegetable cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein: the threshold is 2% to 5%.
7. A vegetable culture system comprises a culture device and a control device and is characterized in that: the culture device comprises a culture component, a light supplementing component, a power supply component and a water circulation component;
the cultivation component comprises a PVC water pipe with a planting port, and a planting basket is arranged in the planting port; the end part of the PVC water pipe is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet;
the light supplementing assembly comprises a light supplementing lamp bar, and the light supplementing lamp bar is arranged above the planting port;
the water circulation assembly comprises a water storage tank; the water storage tank is communicated with the water inlet through a hose; the water outlet is communicated with the water storage tank through a hose; the water storage tank is used for storing nutrient solution; the nutrient solution is circulated in the water storage tank and the cultivation component through the water pump;
the power supply component comprises a lithium battery and a solar panel; the solar panel is used for supplying power to the lithium battery, the water pump and the light supplementing lamp strip;
the control device comprises a communication module and a control module;
the communication module is used for receiving weather data from the network weather platform when the day 7 to the day 19 is acquired;
the control module is used for calculating the sunny hours and cloudy hours of the period; calculating effective illumination time, and judging whether the effective illumination time is smaller than a vegetable growth illumination threshold value; and if the light quantity is smaller than the illumination threshold value, controlling the light supplementing assembly to supplement light to the vegetables, wherein the light supplementing time is the difference between the vegetable growth illumination threshold value and the effective illumination time.
8. The vegetable cultivation system as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the light supplementing lamp strip is provided with lamp beads, and the lamp beads are at least one of red, orange, blue, purple and white.
9. The vegetable cultivation system as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the system also comprises a growth vigor prompting system; the growth condition prompting system comprises a camera device, an identification device and a prompting device;
the camera device is used for acquiring a plurality of vegetable images; the vegetable images are obtained in a periodic continuous shooting mode;
the identification device is used for carrying out contour detection on the vegetable graph, searching a minimum circumscribed rectangle and calculating the area of the minimum circumscribed rectangle;
the prompting device is used for judging the change of the minimum circumscribed rectangular area, and when the change of the continuous three minimum circumscribed rectangular areas is smaller than a threshold value, the vegetables are considered to be ripe and can be picked, and a prompting picking signal is sent out.
10. A vegetable cultivation system as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the shooting mode is that vegetables are shot at 9 hours and 17 hours every day, and pictures are ordered according to time sequence; the threshold is 2% to 5%.
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