CN116090859B - Method and system for evaluating ecological health of offshore island reef fishery water area - Google Patents
Method and system for evaluating ecological health of offshore island reef fishery water area Download PDFInfo
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- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area. The method comprises the steps of obtaining island information of a sea area, analyzing the influence of coastline range and ecological pressure, obtaining investigation site distribution information, further carrying out fixed-point investigation on each investigation site, analyzing biological community structure data such as fishery resources and plankton and the like, in addition, carrying out sea water quality and primary productivity analysis according to the investigation site distribution information, obtaining ecological environment and ecological function index information, carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the ecological function index information in combination with the ecological environment information and the island ecological pressure information, obtaining a water area ecological health evaluation level, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation level. According to the invention, the ecological health comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the fishery water area through multiple indexes, so that an accurate evaluation result can be obtained, a reference standard is provided for the evaluation of the offshore island reef fishery ecological system, and a technical support is further provided for the management and planning of the offshore island reef fishery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ecological evaluation, in particular to a method and a system for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area.
Background
Island sea areas serve as typical habitats on the coast, and become an ecological system with high biodiversity in the ocean and high fishery resources under unique environmental conditions. Island sea areas belong to bedrock phase bottom materials, the seabed topography is complex to form various flow field forms, nutrient salts are sufficient, primary productivity of phytoplankton, benthos and the like is high, and habitats are provided for benthos and swimming organisms. The island sea area meets the requirements of avoiding enemy, ingestion, spawning and the like of island fishes in the propagation, development and growth stages, and develops various biological communities, so that the sea area fishery resources are quite rich, the reef-oriented, reef-loving and migration fishes are most obvious in action effect, and particularly, the large-scale groupers and snapper fishes are quite rich in resources. However, most of the island reefs are distributed in offshore areas and are affected by human activities and natural disasters, so that the island reefs are characterized by fragility, uniqueness and the like, and weak in resistance to natural disaster damage and interference of human activities and self-recovery capability. Along with the continuous improvement of the contribution rate of island economy to national economy, the development intensity of human beings in sea areas around the island is increased, and the problems of ecological system destruction or habitat degradation are increasingly highlighted, such as water eutrophication, fishery resource degradation, biological diversity reduction, ecological system service function degradation, slow biological succession and the like.
The method for evaluating the health of the marine ecosystem mainly comprises two methods: indicating species method and multi-index system comprehensive index method. The application of the indicating species method in ecological system health evaluation research is early, but the research object is single, so that the complex ecological system health condition is difficult to comprehensively reflect, and the indicating species method has certain limitation; the multi-index system comprehensive index method can be classified into a comprehensive index method, a vital tissue recovery comprehensive index method, a stress state response model comprehensive index method and the like according to the classification of indexes, can comprehensively reflect the ecological system process, and is widely applied to ecological system health evaluation. The comprehensive index method and the PSR model are also successfully applied to health evaluation of fishery ecological systems such as estuaries, gulfs and artificial fish reefs. However, the evaluation of the offshore island reef fishery ecological system still lacks unified standards at present, so that a comprehensive evaluation method for the ecological health of the offshore island reef fishery water area is established, the evaluation of the health condition of the ecological system is carried out, and technical support can be provided for the management and planning of the offshore island reef fishery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem, the invention provides a method and a system for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island fishery water area.
The first aspect of the invention provides a method for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data, fishing data analysis is carried out to obtain biological community index information;
performing surface water detection and analysis according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
and carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information and combining the ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade.
In this scheme, the island reef distribution information of the sea area is obtained, coastline range analysis is performed according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and investigation site distribution information is obtained, specifically:
constructing a target sea area map model;
performing island contour information extraction according to the target sea area map model to obtain sea area island distribution information;
According to island reef distribution information of a sea area, dividing the island reef range according to a preset coast distance to obtain a preset island reef coastline;
setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in a target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
In this scheme, survey fishing point setting is carried out according to survey site distribution information to obtain sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the survey fishing point, specifically:
analyzing the activity frequency of the marine animals according to sonar feedback data in the investigation and fishing points to obtain activity information of the marine animals;
carrying out image noise reduction and smoothing pretreatment on the underwater image data to obtain enhanced image data;
performing marine animal identification and quantitative density analysis on the enhanced image data to obtain a marine animal density estimated value;
and carrying out fishing data prediction analysis according to the marine animal activity information and the marine animal density predicted value to obtain a fishing yield prediction range.
In this scheme, according to the analysis of fishing data is carried out to sonar feedback data and underwater image data, biological community index information is obtained, specifically:
acquiring actual fishing data;
Carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal species information and marine animal quantity information;
judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
In this scheme, carry out superficial water detection and analysis according to investigation website distribution information, obtain biological function index information, specifically be:
extracting and detecting site surface water according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain detection data; acquiring daytime time of a detection day;
and (5) carrying out primary productivity index calculation according to the detection data and the daytime time to obtain a primary productivity value.
In this scheme, according to biological community index information and biological function index information, combine ecological environment information to carry out comprehensive evaluation analysis, obtain waters ecological health evaluation grade, further generate island ecological correction scheme according to waters ecological health evaluation grade, specifically do:
acquiring historical sea area island reference ecological index information and expert evaluation ecological index information; acquiring optimal ecological index data in an ideal state from the big data;
Performing index numerical analysis according to historical sea area island reference ecological index information, expert evaluation ecological index information and optimal ecological index data, and setting corresponding grades, threshold values, assignment and weights for the evaluation indexes to form evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes;
and comprehensively evaluating and analyzing the current biological community index information and the biological function index information according to the evaluation standard of the evaluation index and combining the ecological environment information to obtain the ecological health evaluation grade of the water area.
In this scheme, according to biological community index information and biological function index information, combine ecological environment information to carry out comprehensive evaluation analysis, obtain waters ecological health evaluation grade, further generate island ecological correction scheme according to waters ecological health evaluation grade, specifically do:
judging whether the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to level 2;
if the biological community index information is greater than or equal to 2 levels, carrying out numerical comparison analysis on the current biological community index information, biological function index information, ecological environment information and evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes to obtain a level influence coefficient corresponding to each ecological index;
three ecological indexes with higher grade influence coefficients are selected and marked as selected ecological indexes;
And carrying out corresponding scheme analysis according to the selected ecological index and generating an island ecological modification scheme.
The second aspect of the invention also provides an offshore island reef fishery water ecological health evaluation system, which comprises: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises an offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program, and the offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program is executed by the processor to realize the following steps:
acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data, fishing data analysis is carried out to obtain biological community index information;
performing surface water detection and analysis according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
and carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information and combining the ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade.
In this scheme, the island reef distribution information of the sea area is obtained, coastline range analysis is performed according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and investigation site distribution information is obtained, specifically:
constructing a target sea area map model;
performing island contour information extraction according to the target sea area map model to obtain sea area island distribution information;
according to island reef distribution information of a sea area, dividing the island reef range according to a preset coast distance to obtain a preset island reef coastline;
setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in a target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
In this scheme, according to the analysis of fishing data is carried out to sonar feedback data and underwater image data, biological community index information is obtained, specifically:
acquiring actual fishing data;
carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal species information and marine animal quantity information;
judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
The invention discloses a method and a system for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area. The method comprises the steps of obtaining island information of a sea area, analyzing the influence of coastline range and ecological pressure, obtaining investigation site distribution information, further carrying out fixed-point investigation on each investigation site, analyzing biological community structure data such as fishery resources and plankton and the like, in addition, carrying out sea water quality and primary productivity analysis according to the investigation site distribution information, obtaining ecological environment and ecological function index information, carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the ecological function index information in combination with the ecological environment information and the island ecological pressure information, obtaining a water area ecological health evaluation level, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation level. According to the invention, the ecological health comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the fishery water area through multiple indexes, so that an accurate evaluation result can be obtained, a reference standard is provided for the evaluation of the offshore island reef fishery ecological system, and a technical support is further provided for the management and planning of the offshore island reef fishery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the application for acquiring survey site distribution information;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the application for obtaining biological community index information;
FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an offshore island reef fishery waters ecological health assessment system of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present application will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area.
As shown in fig. 1, the first aspect of the present application provides a method for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area, comprising:
s102, acquiring island distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
S104, setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
s106, fishing data analysis is carried out according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data to obtain biological community index information;
s108, performing surface water detection and analysis according to the survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
s110, carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information and combining the ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade.
FIG. 2 shows a flow chart for acquiring survey site distribution information in accordance with the present invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the island reef distribution information of the sea area is obtained, the coastline range analysis is carried out according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and investigation site distribution information is obtained, specifically:
s202, constructing a target sea area map model;
s204, island contour information extraction is carried out according to the target sea area map model, and sea area island distribution information is obtained;
s206, dividing the island range according to island distribution information of the sea area and preset coast distance to obtain a preset island coastline;
And S208, setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in the target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
It should be noted that the preset coast distance is generally 100 meters, the survey sites are set on the preset island coastline, and information summarizing is performed on the position information of the survey sites on the target sea area map model, so that at least one survey site is generally provided for one island in the survey site distribution information, and in addition, if the island area is larger, the number of the survey sites can be further increased as required.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the investigation fishing point is set according to investigation site distribution information, and sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing point are acquired, specifically:
analyzing the activity frequency of the marine animals according to sonar feedback data in the investigation and fishing points to obtain activity information of the marine animals;
carrying out image noise reduction and smoothing pretreatment on the underwater image data to obtain enhanced image data;
performing marine animal identification and quantitative density analysis on the enhanced image data to obtain a marine animal density estimated value;
And carrying out fishing data prediction analysis according to the marine animal activity information and the marine animal density predicted value to obtain a fishing yield prediction range.
The sonar feedback data and the underwater image data are acquired through an underwater sonar detection device and an underwater camera device. . It is worth mentioning that when the fishing investigation is carried out at the investigation fishing point, if the marine environment changes such as weather mutation occur, the fishing data obtained at this time and the fishing data obtained under normal conditions have larger errors, and the diversity of real marine animals on islands is difficult to reflect. Before fishing data is obtained at the investigation and fishing point, the underwater marine animal activity frequency measurement and quantity evaluation are carried out by obtaining sonar feedback data and underwater image data, the fishing yield prediction range is obtained, and the error amount of the fishing data at the moment can be effectively reflected by comparing the fishing yield prediction range with the fishing yield data obtained later, so that whether the re-fishing detection is needed at the investigation and fishing point is further judged, and more accurate data is obtained.
FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of the invention for obtaining biological community index information.
According to the embodiment of the invention, fishing data analysis is performed according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data to obtain biological community index information, which specifically comprises the following steps:
S302, acquiring actual fishing data;
s304, carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal kind information and marine animal number information;
s306, judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
The biological community index information comprises marine animal and plant diversity index, fish egg fish density, fish species number and the like. Each survey fishing point is adjacent to an island, and the vertical island reef shoreline is less than 100m. The fishing mode in the fishery resource is investigated by adopting triple-penetration nets, the width of a single piece of net is 1.5m, the length of the single piece of net is 40m, the sizes of inner meshes are 40mm and 60mm, three pieces of net with different inner mesh sizes are respectively placed at each investigation and fishing point, the placing time is about 16 hours, and the analysis of actual fishing data is further obtained. In addition, if the marine animal number information does not meet the prediction range of the fishing yield, the fishery resources need to be recaptured at the investigation and fishing points.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the surface water detection and analysis are performed according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain the biological function index information, specifically:
Extracting and detecting site surface water according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain detection data;
acquiring daytime time of a detection day;
and (5) carrying out primary productivity index calculation according to the detection data and the daytime time to obtain a primary productivity value.
The detection data specifically refer to the chlorophyll a content in the surface water. The primary productivity value is the biological function index information, and the specific calculation formula of the primary productivity is as follows:
wherein the potential productivity (P) of phytoplankton in surface water (less than or equal to 1 m) s ) The chlorophyll a content in the surface water is used for replacing. Wherein P is the primary productivity (unit: mg C/m) at the daily site 2 ·d)，P s Is the potential productivity (unit: mg C/m) of phytoplankton in surface water 2 H), E is the depth of the euoptical layer (unit: m), taking 3 times the transparency, D is the length of the daylight time (unit: h) A. The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced plastic composite
Wherein:
P s ＝C a ×Q
C a is the content of chlorophyll a in the surface layer (unit: mg/m) 3 ) Q is an assimilation coefficient (unit: mg C/mg Chla.h), generally 3.52.
According to the embodiment of the invention, comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and by combining ecological environment information, so as to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
Acquiring historical sea area island reference ecological index information and expert evaluation ecological index information;
acquiring optimal ecological index data in an ideal state from the big data;
performing index numerical analysis according to historical sea area island reference ecological index information, expert evaluation ecological index information and optimal ecological index data, and setting corresponding grades, threshold values, assignment and weights for the evaluation indexes to form evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes;
and comprehensively evaluating and analyzing the current biological community index information and the biological function index information according to the evaluation standard of the evaluation index and combining the ecological environment information to obtain the ecological health evaluation grade of the water area.
The historical sea area island reef reference ecological index information comprises a historical natural optimal ecological index record and an optimal ecological index record which can be achieved through management, and the optimal ecological index data under an ideal state is obtained from big data, specifically, the optimal ecological index data is calculated and inferred through a scientific ecological index model. According to the invention, the multi-dimensional evaluation standard analysis is carried out through the historical optimal ecological index, the management reachable optimal index, the optimal index inferred by the scientific model and the optimal index judged by an expert, so that the evaluation standard with high reference value is obtained.
Wherein, the evaluation criteria of the evaluation index are as follows in table 1:
table 1 evaluation criteria, assignments and weights of evaluation indexes
Wherein, the evaluation model calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E is n The health index of the fishery water area of a certain site n is the number of sites, i is the number of evaluation indexes (less than or equal to 22), and B i The actual measurement value of the evaluation index i is assigned to a certain site n, and W is the weight value of the evaluation index i (table 1).
The ecological health evaluation grades of the offshore island reef fishery waters are divided into four grades of health, sub-health, critical health and unhealthy; the status of each class is characterized as follows:
health (grade i): the ecology of the offshore island reef fishery water area keeps the natural attribute, the biodiversity and the ecological system structure are basically stable, the variety of fishery resources is rich, the main service functions of the ecological system are normally exerted, and the ecological pressure such as environmental pollution, artificial destruction, unreasonable utilization of resources and the like is within the bearing capacity range of the ecological system.
Sub-health (grade ii): the ecology of the offshore island reef fishery water area basically maintains the natural attribute, the biodiversity and the ecological system structure are changed to a certain extent, the variety of fishery resources is rich, but the main service functions of the ecological system can be normally exerted, and the ecological pressure such as environmental pollution, artificial destruction, unreasonable utilization of resources and the like exceeds the bearing capacity of the ecological system.
Critical health (grade iii): the natural attribute of the offshore island reef fishery water area ecology is changed to a certain extent, the biodiversity and the ecological structure are changed, the variety of fishery resources is not rich, the main service functions of the ecological system cannot be normally exerted, and the ecological pressure such as environmental pollution, artificial destruction, unreasonable utilization of resources and the like greatly exceeds the bearing capacity of the ecological system.
Unhealthy (grade iv): the natural attribute of the offshore island reef fishery water area ecology is obviously changed, the biodiversity and the ecological structure are changed to a large extent, the variety of fishery resources is less, the main service functions of the ecological system are seriously degenerated or lost, and the ecological pressure such as environmental pollution, artificial destruction, unreasonable utilization of resources and the like is far beyond the bearing capacity of the ecological system.
In addition, the invention collects zooplankton and fish eggs and young fish by adopting the shallow water I-type plankton net from bottom to surface vertical trawl, and collects zooplankton by adopting the shallow water I-type plankton net from bottom to surface vertical trawl. The sediment was collected using a 0.025m2 dado harvester. Dissolved oxygen was measured in situ using YSI Professional Plus, water depth and clarity were measured in situ by a depth finder and transparent dial. The nitrite is determined by naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrophotometry; the nitrate is measured by adopting a zinc-cadmium reduction method; the ammonia nitrogen is measured by a hypobromite oxidation method; the determination of the active phosphate adopts a phosphomolybdenum blue spectrophotometry; the determination of the active silicate is carried out by adopting a silicon molybdenum Huang Fen spectrophotometry. The island shoreline conservation rate is the proportion of the island natural shoreline to the whole island shoreline.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the specific calculation formulas of the key indexes related to the biological community index information, the biological function index information, the ecological environment information and the like comprise:
tourist population increasing rate:
wherein P is the increase rate of tourist population,for the tourist population of the reference system, P 0 To evaluate the annual travel population.
Critical perch area loss rate:
wherein H is the critical habitat area loss (%),critical habitat area of reference frame (unit: km) 2 )，H 0 To evaluate the key habitat area of the year (unit: km) 2 )。
Diversity index:
wherein H' is a diversity index, S is the total number of species of phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthonic animal and swimming animal; n is n i Number of i-th individuals of phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and swimming animalN is the total number of individuals of phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos and swimming animals.
Density of fish roe fish:
wherein D is the number of fish eggs, fish fries and fish larvae in sea water per unit volume (unit: grains or tails per cubic meter, ind/m) 3 ) N is the number of fish eggs, fish fries and fish larvae (unit: granule or tail, ind), V is the water filtration capacity (m 3 )。
According to the embodiment of the invention, comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and by combining ecological environment information, so as to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
Judging whether the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to level 2;
if the biological community index information is greater than or equal to 2 levels, carrying out numerical comparison analysis on the current biological community index information, biological function index information, ecological environment information and evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes to obtain a level influence coefficient corresponding to each ecological index;
three ecological indexes with higher grade influence coefficients are selected and marked as selected ecological indexes;
and carrying out corresponding scheme analysis according to the selected ecological index and generating an island ecological modification scheme.
When the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to 2, the condition that the ecological pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of an ecological system exists in the current water area ecology is represented, three ecological indexes with higher ecological influence are obtained through standard comparison analysis on the current ecological indexes, and a targeted scheme is generated according to the indexes, so that a reasonable and effective island ecological correction scheme is obtained. For example, if the ecological index is selected as the density of fish eggs and fish fries, the island ecological correction scheme comprises a repair scheme of island juvenile fish, and if the ecological index is selected as the diversity index, the scheme comprises the step of manually adding corresponding ecological species into the island ecological system and the like.
FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of an offshore island reef fishery waters ecological health assessment system of the present invention.
The second aspect of the present invention also provides an offshore island reef fishery water ecological health evaluation system 4, comprising: the memory 41 and the processor 42, wherein the memory comprises an offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program, and the offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program realizes the following steps when being executed by the processor:
acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data, fishing data analysis is carried out to obtain biological community index information;
performing surface water detection and analysis according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
and carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information and combining the ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the island reef distribution information of the sea area is obtained, the coastline range analysis is carried out according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and investigation site distribution information is obtained, specifically:
constructing a target sea area map model;
performing island contour information extraction according to the target sea area map model to obtain sea area island distribution information;
according to island reef distribution information of a sea area, dividing the island reef range according to a preset coast distance to obtain a preset island reef coastline;
setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in a target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
It should be noted that the preset coast distance is generally 100 meters, the survey sites are set on the preset island coastline, and information summarizing is performed on the position information of the survey sites on the target sea area map model, so that at least one survey site is generally provided for one island in the survey site distribution information, and in addition, if the island area is larger, the number of the survey sites can be further increased as required.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the investigation fishing point is set according to investigation site distribution information, and sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing point are acquired, specifically:
Analyzing the activity frequency of the marine animals according to sonar feedback data in the investigation and fishing points to obtain activity information of the marine animals;
carrying out image noise reduction and smoothing pretreatment on the underwater image data to obtain enhanced image data;
performing marine animal identification and quantitative density analysis on the enhanced image data to obtain a marine animal density estimated value;
and carrying out fishing data prediction analysis according to the marine animal activity information and the marine animal density predicted value to obtain a fishing yield prediction range.
The sonar feedback data and the underwater image data are acquired through an underwater sonar detection device and an underwater camera device. . It is worth mentioning that when the fishing investigation is carried out at the investigation fishing point, if the marine environment changes such as weather mutation occur, the fishing data obtained at this time and the fishing data obtained under normal conditions have larger errors, and the diversity of real marine animals on islands is difficult to reflect. Before fishing data is obtained at the investigation and fishing point, the underwater marine animal activity frequency measurement and quantity evaluation are carried out by obtaining sonar feedback data and underwater image data, the fishing yield prediction range is obtained, and the error amount of the fishing data at the moment can be effectively reflected by comparing the fishing yield prediction range with the fishing yield data obtained later, so that whether the re-fishing detection is needed at the investigation and fishing point is further judged, and more accurate data is obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, fishing data analysis is performed according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data to obtain biological community index information, which specifically comprises the following steps:
acquiring actual fishing data;
carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal species information and marine animal quantity information;
judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
The biological community index information comprises marine animal and plant diversity index, fish egg fish density, fish species number and the like. Each survey fishing point is adjacent to an island, and the vertical island reef shoreline is less than 100m. The fishing mode in the fishery resource is investigated by adopting triple-penetration nets, the width of a single piece of net is 1.5m, the length of the single piece of net is 40m, the sizes of inner meshes are 40mm and 60mm, three pieces of net with different inner mesh sizes are respectively placed at each investigation and fishing point, the placing time is about 16 hours, and the analysis of actual fishing data is further obtained. In addition, if the marine animal number information does not meet the prediction range of the fishing yield, the fishery resources need to be recaptured at the investigation and fishing points.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the surface water detection and analysis are performed according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain the biological function index information, specifically:
extracting and detecting site surface water according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain detection data;
acquiring daytime time of a detection day;
and (5) carrying out primary productivity index calculation according to the detection data and the daytime time to obtain a primary productivity value.
The detection data specifically refer to the chlorophyll a content in the surface water.
According to the embodiment of the invention, comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and by combining ecological environment information, so as to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
acquiring historical sea area island reference ecological index information and expert evaluation ecological index information;
acquiring optimal ecological index data in an ideal state from the big data;
performing index numerical analysis according to historical sea area island reference ecological index information, expert evaluation ecological index information and optimal ecological index data, and setting corresponding grades, threshold values, assignment and weights for the evaluation indexes to form evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes;
And comprehensively evaluating and analyzing the current biological community index information and the biological function index information according to the evaluation standard of the evaluation index and combining the ecological environment information to obtain the ecological health evaluation grade of the water area.
The historical sea area island reef reference ecological index information comprises a historical natural optimal ecological index record and an optimal ecological index record which can be achieved through management, and the optimal ecological index data under the ideal state is obtained from big data, specifically, the optimal ecological index data is deduced through a scientific model. The invention carries out multidimensional evaluation standard analysis by historical optimal ecological indexes, management reachable optimal indexes, optimal indexes inferred by a scientific model and optimal indexes judged by an expert, thereby obtaining the multi-dimensional evaluation standard analysis with high reference value.
According to the embodiment of the invention, comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and by combining ecological environment information, so as to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
judging whether the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to level 2;
If the biological community index information is greater than or equal to 2 levels, carrying out numerical comparison analysis on the current biological community index information, biological function index information, ecological environment information and evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes to obtain a level influence coefficient corresponding to each ecological index;
three ecological indexes with higher grade influence coefficients are selected and marked as selected ecological indexes;
and carrying out corresponding scheme analysis according to the selected ecological index and generating an island ecological modification scheme.
When the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to 2, the condition that the ecological pressure exceeds the bearing capacity of an ecological system exists in the current water area ecology is represented, three ecological indexes with higher ecological influence are obtained through standard comparison analysis on the current ecological indexes, and a targeted scheme is generated according to the indexes, so that a reasonable and effective island ecological correction scheme is obtained. For example, if the ecological index is selected as the density of fish eggs and fish fries, the island ecological correction scheme comprises a repair scheme of island juvenile fish, and if the ecological index is selected as the diversity index, the scheme comprises the step of manually adding corresponding ecological species into the island ecological system and the like.
The application discloses a method and a system for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island reef fishery water area. The method comprises the steps of obtaining island information of a sea area, analyzing the influence of coastline range and ecological pressure, obtaining investigation site distribution information, further carrying out fixed-point investigation on each investigation site, analyzing biological community structure data such as fishery resources and plankton and the like, in addition, carrying out sea water quality and primary productivity analysis according to the investigation site distribution information, obtaining ecological environment and ecological function index information, carrying out comprehensive evaluation analysis according to the biological community index information and the ecological function index information in combination with the ecological environment information and the island ecological pressure information, obtaining a water area ecological health evaluation level, and further generating an island ecological correction scheme according to the water area ecological health evaluation level. According to the application, the ecological health comprehensive evaluation is carried out on the fishery water area through multiple indexes, so that an accurate evaluation result can be obtained, a reference standard is provided for the evaluation of the offshore island reef fishery ecological system, and a technical support is further provided for the management and planning of the offshore island reef fishery.
In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above described device embodiments are only illustrative, e.g. the division of the units is only one logical function division, and there may be other divisions in practice, such as: multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.
The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed to a plurality of network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit; the integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of the steps for implementing the above method embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to program instructions, and the foregoing program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, where the program, when executed, performs steps including the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: a mobile storage device, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or the like, which can store program codes.
Alternatively, the above-described integrated units of the present invention may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as separate products. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a removable storage device, ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disk, or other medium capable of storing program code.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The method for evaluating the ecological health of the offshore island fishery water area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data, fishing data analysis is carried out to obtain biological community index information;
performing surface water detection and analysis according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information, comprehensive evaluation analysis is carried out by combining ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological modification scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade;
the method comprises the steps of setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points, wherein the investigation fishing points are specifically as follows:
analyzing the activity frequency of the marine animals according to sonar feedback data in the investigation and fishing points to obtain activity information of the marine animals;
Carrying out image noise reduction and smoothing pretreatment on the underwater image data to obtain enhanced image data;
performing marine animal identification and quantitative density analysis on the enhanced image data to obtain a marine animal density estimated value;
carrying out fishing data prediction analysis according to the marine animal activity information and the marine animal density predicted value to obtain a fishing gain prediction range;
the fishing data analysis is carried out according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data to obtain biological community index information, which is specifically as follows:
acquiring actual fishing data;
carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal species information and marine animal quantity information;
judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
2. The method for evaluating ecological health of an offshore island fishery water area according to claim 1, wherein the acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information is specifically:
Constructing a target sea area map model;
performing island contour information extraction according to the target sea area map model to obtain sea area island distribution information;
according to island reef distribution information of a sea area, dividing the island reef range according to a preset coast distance to obtain a preset island reef coastline;
setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in a target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
3. The method for evaluating ecological health of the offshore island fishery water area according to claim 1, wherein the surface water detection and analysis are performed according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information, specifically:
extracting and detecting site surface water according to the investigation site distribution information to obtain detection data;
acquiring daytime time of a detection day;
and (5) carrying out primary productivity index calculation according to the detection data and the daytime time to obtain a primary productivity value.
4. The method for evaluating the ecological health of the offshore island fishery water area according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
Acquiring historical sea area island reference ecological index information and expert evaluation ecological index information;
acquiring optimal ecological index data in an ideal state from the big data;
performing index numerical analysis according to historical sea area island reference ecological index information, expert evaluation ecological index information and optimal ecological index data, and setting corresponding grades, threshold values, assignment and weights for the evaluation indexes to form evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes;
and comprehensively evaluating and analyzing the current biological community index information and the biological function index information according to the evaluation standard of the evaluation index and combining the ecological environment information to obtain the ecological health evaluation grade of the water area.
5. The method for evaluating the ecological health of the offshore island fishery water area according to claim 4, wherein the comprehensive evaluation analysis is performed according to biological community index information and biological function index information and ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and the island ecological correction scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade, specifically:
judging whether the water area ecological health evaluation level is greater than or equal to level 2;
if the biological community index information is greater than or equal to 2 levels, carrying out numerical comparison analysis on the current biological community index information, biological function index information, ecological environment information and evaluation standards of the evaluation indexes to obtain a level influence coefficient corresponding to each ecological index;
Three ecological indexes with higher grade influence coefficients are selected and marked as selected ecological indexes;
and carrying out corresponding scheme analysis according to the selected ecological index and generating an island ecological modification scheme.
6. An offshore island reef fishery water ecological health evaluation system, comprising: the device comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory comprises an offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program, and the offshore island reef fishery water area ecological health evaluation method program is executed by the processor to realize the following steps:
acquiring island reef distribution information of a sea area, analyzing a coastline range according to the island reef distribution information of the sea area, and obtaining investigation site distribution information;
setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points;
according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data, fishing data analysis is carried out to obtain biological community index information;
performing surface water detection and analysis according to survey site distribution information to obtain biological function index information;
according to the biological community index information and the biological function index information, comprehensive evaluation analysis is carried out by combining ecological environment information to obtain a water area ecological health evaluation grade, and an island ecological modification scheme is further generated according to the water area ecological health evaluation grade;
The method comprises the steps of setting investigation fishing points according to investigation site distribution information, and acquiring sonar feedback data and underwater image data in the investigation fishing points, wherein the investigation fishing points are specifically as follows:
analyzing the activity frequency of the marine animals according to sonar feedback data in the investigation and fishing points to obtain activity information of the marine animals;
carrying out image noise reduction and smoothing pretreatment on the underwater image data to obtain enhanced image data;
performing marine animal identification and quantitative density analysis on the enhanced image data to obtain a marine animal density estimated value;
carrying out fishing data prediction analysis according to the marine animal activity information and the marine animal density predicted value to obtain a fishing gain prediction range;
the fishing data analysis is carried out according to the sonar feedback data and the underwater image data to obtain biological community index information, which is specifically as follows:
acquiring actual fishing data;
carrying out marine animal data volume statistics according to the fishing data to obtain marine animal species information and marine animal quantity information;
judging whether the marine animal quantity information accords with the fishing gain prediction range, and if so, carrying out marine organism diversity analysis according to the marine animal type information and the marine animal quantity information to obtain corresponding biological community index information.
7. The offshore island reef fishery water ecological health evaluation system of claim 6, wherein the acquiring island reef distribution information, performing coastline range analysis according to the island reef distribution information, and obtaining survey site distribution information, specifically:
constructing a target sea area map model;
performing island contour information extraction according to the target sea area map model to obtain sea area island distribution information;
according to island reef distribution information of a sea area, dividing the island reef range according to a preset coast distance to obtain a preset island reef coastline;
setting investigation sites on a preset island coastline, and collecting the position information of the investigation sites in a target sea area map model to obtain investigation site distribution information.
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