CN116065158A - 一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液及清洗方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液及清洗方法，解决了目前弹簧失效断口的清洗中存在的问题。取少量去离子水，依次加入三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，搅拌均匀，加去离子水定容至500ml；在50℃～90℃温度下用清洗溶液浸泡1min～5min，取出后用毛刷刷洗断口，清理断口表面上的附着物及反应产物，再用无水乙醇洗净吹干，完成初步清洗；室温将断口完全浸入无水乙醇溶液，进行超声清洗，直至在扫描电镜下放大1000倍左右时，所述断口上的附着物清洗干净，能够有效观察到断口微观特征，并且断口基体上无二次腐蚀。本发明可操作性强、配方配置简单、成本较低、不腐蚀基体、安全性强、有利于环保、应用范围广等优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种金属断口的清洗，具体涉及一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液及清洗方法。
背景技术
钢板弹簧的服役环境是开放系统，断裂钢板弹簧断口多数污染和锈蚀严重，形成表面附着物，在进行断裂失效分析时需要去除附着物才能观察到断口形貌并进行定性定量分析。钢板弹簧断口上的污染和锈蚀附着物去除具有一定难度。现有技术经常以含有盐酸成分的清洗液清洗断口。
中国专利“CN201810683210.3一种失效断口清洗液及其制备方法与应用”提供了一种失效断口清洗液，其配比为：体积比3～6％的盐酸溶液50～150份、苯胺5～25份、六次甲基丙胺10～100份。
中国专利“CN201811607620.6一种失效断口清洗方法及清洗用溶液”公开了一种失效断口清洗方法及清洗用溶液；对断口进行超声波清洗；用丙酮和乙酸纤维素配制的胶状溶液涂覆断口表面，待覆盖层干透后，剥离覆盖层，重复多次完成断口清理；采用盐酸、乌洛托品加去离子水配制成的清洗溶液对断口进行清洗。
中国专利“CN201910892875.X一种镍基高温合金断口清洗方法”公开了一种镍基高温合金断口清洗方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：步骤1)配制清洗溶液；步骤2)将待清洗的镍基高温合金断口完全浸没放置于清洗液中，进行水浴煮沸，得到初步清洗的断口；步骤3)用胶带反复粘贴断口，直至胶带不再粘下脏物；步骤4)用浸有丙酮溶液的毛刷刷洗断口；步骤5)将断口完全浸入HCl溶液，进行超声清洗；步骤6)重复步骤3)和步骤4)；步骤7)将断口作为阴极，铂电极作阳极，在HCl溶液中进行电解清洗，按重量份数计，所述HCl溶液的组分为：HCl 18-22份和H2O 78-82份，电解时间为15min；步骤8)重复步骤3)和步骤4)，直至在扫描电镜下放大500倍至1000倍时，所述断口上的脏物清洗干净，能够辨明断口特征。
金属失效构件断口的清洗剂中通常包含酸、碱等腐蚀性或刺激性试剂，上述背景技术中专利的金属断口的清洗剂中均含有盐酸等无机强酸，腐蚀性较强，挥发性强，很多人群过敏，不但对清洗人员的皮肤、呼吸系统有伤害，还很有可能对零件基体造成二次腐蚀，安全性较差；另外，有些清洗方法中需要制备断口覆盖层、煮沸、胶带反复粘贴断口及电解清洗等，步骤较多。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种钢板弹簧失效断口的清洗方法及清洗用溶液，能够清洗钢板弹簧断口上的油泥和疏松的锈蚀氧化产物，解决了目前弹簧失效断口的清洗中存在的问题。
本发明是由以下技术方案实现的：
一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液，其组分和含量为：三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，加去离子水定容至500ml。
一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗方法，包括以下步骤：
1)配制清洗溶液：取少量去离子水，依次加入三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，搅拌均匀，加去离子水定容至500ml，所用试剂均为分析纯；
2)选择需要观察的断口区域，视断口锈蚀程度，在50℃～90℃温度下用清洗溶液浸泡1min～5min，取出后用毛刷刷洗断口，清理断口表面上的附着物及反应产物，再用无水乙醇洗净吹干，完成初步清洗；
3)室温将断口完全浸入无水乙醇溶液，进行超声清洗；
4)重复步骤2和步骤3，直至在扫描电镜下放大1000倍左右时，所述断口上的附着物清洗干净，能够有效观察到断口微观特征，并且断口基体上无二次腐蚀。
本发明具有可操作性强、配方配置简单、成本较低、不腐蚀基体、安全性强、有利于环保、应用范围广等优点。也适用于其他黑色金属构件，能够在日常生产检验及科研产品中得到应用。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液及清洗方法，包括以下步骤：
1、配制清洗溶液：取少量去离子水，依次加入三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，搅拌均匀，加去离子水定容至500ml，所用试剂均为分析纯；
2、选择需要观察的断口区域，视断口锈蚀程度，在50℃～90℃温度下用清洗溶液浸泡1min～5min，取出后用毛刷刷洗断口，清理断口表面上的附着物及反应产物，再用无水乙醇洗净吹干，完成初步清洗；
3、室温将断口完全浸入无水乙醇溶液，进行超声清洗；
4、重复步骤2和步骤3，直至在扫描电镜下放大1000倍左右时，所述断口上的附着物清洗干净，能够有效观察到断口微观特征，并且断口基体上无二次腐蚀。
本发明的优点在于，清洗步骤简单，清洗用溶液三氧化铬、磷酸和氯化亚锡，不含强酸，既能降低清洗剂对技术人员的人身伤害，又能够有效清洗钢板弹簧断口上的油污泥沙及疏松的锈蚀氧化产物，同时避免对断口基体造成二次损伤。具有可操作性强、配方配置简单、成本较低、不腐蚀基体、安全性强、有利于环保、应用范围广等优点。
Claims (2)
1.一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗液，其特征是：其组分和含量为：三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，加去离子水定容至500ml。
2.一种失效钢板弹簧断口的清洗方法，其特征是：包括以下步骤：
1)配制清洗溶液：取少量去离子水，依次加入三氧化铬(CrO3)10g±2g、磷酸(H3PO4)10ml±2ml和氯化亚锡(SnCl2)0.1g±0.01g，搅拌均匀，加去离子水定容至500ml，所用试剂均为分析纯；
2)选择需要观察的断口区域，视断口锈蚀程度，在50℃～90℃温度下用清洗溶液浸泡1min～5min，取出后用毛刷刷洗断口，清理断口表面上的附着物及反应产物，再用无水乙醇洗净吹干，完成初步清洗；
3)室温将断口完全浸入无水乙醇溶液，进行超声清洗；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，直至在扫描电镜下放大1000倍左右时，所述断口上的附着物清洗干净，能够有效观察到断口微观特征，并且断口基体上无二次腐蚀。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1091161A (zh) * | 1994-01-08 | 1994-08-24 | 大连北港表面处理研究所 | 金属表面高效除油除锈剂 |
| CN104947124A (zh) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 内蒙古第一机械集团有限公司 | 一种钢铁断口除锈液 |
| CN114150323A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-03-08 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种金属材料断口锈蚀层清除方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1091161A (zh) * | 1994-01-08 | 1994-08-24 | 大连北港表面处理研究所 | 金属表面高效除油除锈剂 |
| CN104947124A (zh) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 内蒙古第一机械集团有限公司 | 一种钢铁断口除锈液 |
| CN114150323A (zh) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-03-08 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种金属材料断口锈蚀层清除方法 |
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