CN116060705B - Dressing track calculation method for grinding wheel for machining composite dressing helical gear - Google Patents
Dressing track calculation method for grinding wheel for machining composite dressing helical gear Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dressing track calculation method for a grinding wheel for machining a composite dressing helical gear, which comprises the following steps: s100, establishing an end surface involute parameter equation of the undenatured helical gear; s200, building a modification equation under different modification modes, building an increment equation according to a plurality of modification equations, and adding the increment equation into an end face involute parameter equation to form a tooth form equation of the composite modification helical gear; s300, calculating a profile equation of the formed grinding wheel according to the tooth form equation; s400, when the trimming roller trims the formed grinding wheel according to the profile equation, establishing a circle center motion track equation of a trimming arc of the trimming roller, and calculating a trimming track of the formed grinding wheel according to the circle center motion track equation. The method for calculating the dressing track of the grinding wheel for machining the composite dressing helical gear can calculate the dressing track of the dressing roller during machining the forming grinding wheel more quickly and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gear grinding, in particular to a dressing track calculation method for a grinding wheel for machining a composite dressing helical gear.
Background
The compound shape-modifying helical gear is a gear processed by one or more of shape modification modes of drum shape modification, taper shape modification and tooth top modification. In the processing technology of the composite shaping helical gear, the profile of the shaping grinding wheel is firstly shaped through a shaping roller, and the shaping grinding wheel after shaping is shaped for processing the gear. Since the profile of the shaped grinding wheel directly affects the machining accuracy of the composite dressing helical gear, it is necessary to calculate the dressing trajectory of the dressing roller when dressing the shaped grinding wheel.
In the prior art, the calculation is generally performed by an approximate substitution method, but because the composite shape-modifying helical gear comprises a plurality of shape-modifying modes, the calculation is performed by adopting the approximate substitution method, which not only consumes longer time, but also has certain error and poor accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a trimming track calculation method for a grinding wheel for machining a composite trimming helical gear, which can calculate the trimming track of a trimming roller during machining the grinding wheel, and is suitable for popularization and use.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the dressing track calculation method for the grinding wheel for processing the composite dressing helical gear comprises the following steps of:
s100, establishing an end surface involute parameter equation of the undenatured helical gear;
s200, building a modification equation under different modification modes, building an increment equation according to a plurality of modification equations, and adding the increment equation into the end face involute parameter equation to form a tooth form equation of the composite modification helical gear;
s300, calculating a profile equation of the formed grinding wheel according to the tooth form equation;
s400, establishing a circle center motion track equation of a trimming arc of the trimming roller when the trimming roller trims the formed grinding wheel according to the profile equation, and calculating a trimming track of the formed grinding wheel according to the circle center motion track equation.
The dressing track calculation method for the grinding wheel for processing the composite dressing helical gear has the following advantages:
according to the method, the profile modification equation under different profile modification modes is established, the increment equation is established according to a plurality of profile modification equations, the increment equation is added to the end face involute parameter equation of the non-modified helical gear, the tooth profile equation of the tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear can be obtained, the profile equation of the formed grinding wheel for processing the composite modified helical gear can be established according to the tooth profile equation, the circle center motion track equation of a trimming circular arc of the trimming roller can be established when the trimming roller trims the formed grinding wheel according to the profile equation, and the trimming track of the formed grinding wheel can be calculated according to the circle center motion track equation. Compared with the existing calculation method, the calculation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the calculation is quicker, the calculation result is more accurate, and the method is suitable for popularization and use.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S100, the end involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the base circle radius>Is the base circle half angle>Is an involute parameter.
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the distance between any point on involute and the center of base circle, +.>The method meets the following conditions: />Wherein->Is the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle,/, the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle is the same>Is the distance between the ending point of the involute and the center of the base circle;
the end face involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear is transformed into:
according to some embodiments of the invention, in step S200, the modification equations include a drum modification equation, a taper modification equation, and a tooth tip modification equation;
the drum shaping equation is expressed as:
the taper modification equation is expressed as:
wherein,,the distance between the starting point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the distance between the end point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle, +.>For the maximum amount of drum shape modification,the maximum taper is the taper modification;
the tooth tip trimming equation is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the length of the tooth tip trimming, +.>For the distance between the end point of the tip trimming and the center of the base circle, +.>The distance between the starting point of the tooth crest trimming and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the maximum trim value.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the delta equation is expressed as:
wherein,,
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearxIncrement in axial direction,/->For the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearyIncrement in axial direction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, according toNumerical range of>Numerical range of>Establishing different tooth form equations of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear for parameters, wherein the tooth form equation of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear is expressed as +.>。
According to some embodiments of the invention, a tooth equation of a right tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear is established with reference to a tooth equation of a left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S300, three components of any point on the tooth surface of the compound modified helical gear in space are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,represented asxTooth form equation for axial direction>Represented asyThe tooth form equation for the axial direction,θis wound at any point on the tooth surface of the bevel gear with compound modificationzThe angle of rotation of the shaft,pis wound at any point on the tooth surface of the bevel gear with compound modificationzShaft rotation unit angle time edgezDistance of axis movement, wherein->,βThe helical angle of the helical gear is a compound shape-modifying helical gear;
three components of the normal vector of any point on the tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->For->Derivative of>Is->For->Is a derivative of (a).
According to some embodiments of the invention, the contact condition of the shaped grinding wheel with the compound bevel gear is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for forming the center distance between the grinding wheel and the composite bevel gear>Forming the mounting angle of the grinding wheel;
transforming the solving result of the above formula into a coordinate system of the forming grinding wheel, wherein the transformation formula is expressed as follows:
the profile equation for the shaped grinding wheel is expressed as:
according to some embodiments of the present invention,in step S400, the point where the shaped grinding wheel needs to be dressedP n Expressed as coordinates of (a)Solving through the profile equation, wherein the center coordinates of the trimming arc of the trimming roller are expressed as followsThe center motion trajectory equation is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Rfor the radius of the dressing arc of the dressing roller,α 1 is thatxAxial direction and directionP n The angle of the normal vector of the curve at the point,wthe axis direction being parallelxIn the direction of the axis of the shaft,vthe axis direction being parallelyThe axial direction.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a tooth diagram of an unmodified helical gear of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a drum repair of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the taper modification of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the tooth top dressing edge of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic dressing view of a dressing roller of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the process of dressing a formed grinding wheel with a dressing roller according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of a circle center motion trace of a trimming arc of a trimming roller according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, inner, outer, top, bottom, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a plurality refers to two or more. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, establishment, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by those skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
A dressing trace calculation method of a grinding wheel for machining a composite dressing helical gear according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the dressing track calculation method for the grinding wheel for processing the composite dressing helical gear comprises the following steps of: s100, establishing an end surface involute parameter equation of the undenatured helical gear; s200, building modification equations under different modification modes, building an increment equation according to a plurality of modification equations, and adding the increment equation into an end face involute parameter equation to form a tooth form equation of the composite modification helical gear; s300, calculating a profile equation of the formed grinding wheel according to the tooth form equation; s400, establishing a circle center motion track equation of a trimming arc of the trimming roller when the trimming roller trims the formed grinding wheel according to the profile equation, and calculating a trimming track of the formed grinding wheel according to the circle center motion track equation.
According to the dressing track calculation method for the grinding wheel for machining the composite dressing helical gear, the dressing equations under different dressing modes are established, the increment equation is established according to the multiple dressing equations, the increment equation is added to the end face involute parameter equation of the undeployed helical gear, the tooth form equation of the composite dressing helical gear can be obtained, the profile equation of the forming grinding wheel for machining the composite dressing helical gear can be established according to the tooth form equation, the circle center motion track equation of a dressing circular arc of the dressing roller can be established when the dressing roller dresses the forming grinding wheel according to the profile equation, and the dressing track of the forming grinding wheel can be calculated according to the circle center motion track equation. Compared with the existing calculation method, the calculation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the calculation is quicker, the calculation result is more accurate, and the method is suitable for popularization and use.
Steps S100 to S400 of the dressing trace calculation method of the grinding wheel for machining the compound dressing helical gear according to the embodiment of the present invention are described in more detail below.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the base circle center of the unmodified bevel gear is used as the origin to grind the machine toolxThe axial direction isxIn the axial direction of the machine toolyThe axial direction isyIn step S100, the end involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear can be expressed as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the base circle radius>Is the base circle half angle>Is an involute parameter.
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the distance between any point on involute and the center of base circle, +.>The method meets the following conditions: />Wherein->Is the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle,/, the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle is the same>Is the distance between the ending point of the involute and the center of the base circle;
the end face involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear is transformed into:
in some embodiments of the present invention, in step S200, the modification equations include a drum modification equation, a taper modification equation, and a tip modification equation;
the drum shaping equation is expressed as:
the taper modification equation is expressed as:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, wherein,the distance between the starting point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the distance between the end point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle, +.>Maximum amount of drum for drum shaping, +.>Is the maximum taper of the taper modification.
The addendum modification equation is expressed as:
as shown in fig. 4, wherein,for the length of the tooth tip trimming, +.>For the distance between the end point of the tip trimming and the center of the base circle, +.>The distance between the starting point of the tooth crest trimming and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the maximum trim value.
In some embodiments of the invention, the delta equation is expressed as:
wherein,,
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearxIncrement in axial direction,/->For the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearyIncrement in axial direction.
In some embodiments according to the inventionNumerical range of>Numerical range of>Establishing different tooth form equations of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear for parameters, wherein the tooth form equation of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear is expressed as +.>。
Specifically, the method comprises the following groups:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the tooth form equation of the right tooth surface of the compound bevel gear is established with reference to the tooth form equation of the left tooth surface of the compound bevel gear, and in particular, the right tooth surface of the compound bevel gear is at the right tooth surface of the compound bevel gearxTooth form equation of axial direction and left tooth surface of composite modified helical gearxThe tooth form equation of the axial direction is consistent, and the right tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear is positioned onyTooth form equation of axial direction and left tooth surface of composite modified helical gearyThe values of the tooth equations in the axial direction are opposite.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S300, three components of any point on the tooth surface of the compound modified helical gear in space are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,represented asxTooth form equation for axial direction>Represented asyThe tooth form equation for the axial direction,θis a composite materialAny point on tooth surface of bevel gearzThe angle of rotation of the shaft,pis wound at any point on the tooth surface of the bevel gear with compound modificationzShaft rotation unit angle time edgezDistance of axis movement, wherein->,βThe helical angle of the helical gear is a compound shape-modifying helical gear;
it should be noted that the composite bevel gear may be a right-handed composite bevel gear.
The three components of the normal vector at any point on the tooth surface of the compound modified helical gear are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->For->Derivative of>Is->For->Is a derivative of (a).
In some embodiments of the present invention, the contact condition of the shaped grinding wheel with the compound bevel gear is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for forming the center distance between the grinding wheel and the composite bevel gear>The installation angle of the formed grinding wheel, namely the included angle between the axis of the formed grinding wheel and the axis of the composite shaping bevel gear;
transforming the solution of the above formula into a coordinate system of the formed grinding wheel, wherein the transformation formula is expressed as:
the profile equation for a shaped grinding wheel is expressed as:
in some embodiments of the present invention, in step S400, as shown in fig. 5, the dressing arc surface of the dressing roller conforms to the profile surface of the shaped grinding wheel, the curveA 1 To shape the profile of the grinding wheel, curveA 2 The diameter of the trimming roller is as follows in order to trim the circle center movement track of the trimming arc of the rollerDressing arc (dressing round) of dressing roller to +.>Point of the shaped grinding wheel to be dressed as centre of a circleP n The coordinates of (2) are expressed as +.>,/>By solving the profile equation, the center coordinates of the trimming arc of the trimming roller are expressed as +.>The center of the circle movesThe trajectory equation is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Rto tailor the radius of the finishing arc of the roller,α 1 is thatxAxial direction and directionP n The angle of the normal vector of the curve at the point,wthe axis direction being parallelxIn the direction of the axis of the shaft,vthe axis direction being parallelyThe axial direction.
And determining the circle center motion track of the trimming arc of the trimming roller, namely the trimming track of the trimming roller on the formed grinding wheel according to the circle center motion track equation.
The dressing trace calculation method of the grinding wheel for machining a composite dressing helical gear of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to a specific example. It is to be understood that the following description is exemplary only and is not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The workpiece parameters and finishing parameters of the composite finishing helical gear are as follows: modulus ofTooth number->Right-handed, helix angle>The pressure angle is 20 DEG, the distance between the ending point of the involute and the center of the base circle is +.>Distance between starting point of involute and center of base circle +.>Root circle radius->Diameter of finishing roller->Finishing arc radius of finishing roller>;
The composite shaping parameters of the left tooth surface of the composite shaping helical gear are as follows: the distance between the end point of the drum-shaped or taper-shaped modification and the center of the base circleThe distance between the starting point of the drum-shaped or taper-shaped modification and the centre of the base circle is +.>Maximum drum volume->Maximum taper of taper modification +.>Maximum value of tooth tip>Length of tooth tip trimming ∈>。
The method comprises the following steps: />The tooth form equation for the left tooth surface therefore includes the following formula:
The right tooth surface composite modification parameters of the composite modification helical gear are as follows: the distance between the end point of the drum-shaped or taper-shaped modification and the center of the base circleDistance between starting point of drum shape modification or taper modification and center of base circleMaximum drum volume->Maximum taper of taper modification +.>Maximum value of tooth tip>Length of tooth tip trimming ∈>。
The method comprises the following steps: />The tooth form equation for the right tooth surface therefore includes the following formula:
center distance between formed grinding wheel and composite shaping bevel gearMounting angle of shaped grinding wheel>。
The coordinate points of the circle center motion trail of the trimming arc of the trimming roller calculated according to the parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The circle center motion trace diagram of the trimming arc of the trimming roller shown in fig. 7 can be formed according to the coordinate point data in table 1.
The trimming mechanism on the gear grinding machine consists of a left trimming roller and a right trimming roller, the center of the trimming mechanism is the intersection point of the symmetrical axis and the axial lead of the two trimming rollers, the technical process of trimming the forming grinding wheel by the trimming rollers is shown in fig. 6, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the first step: the trimming mechanism reaches a safety point of the machine tool, and the lowest point of the right trimming roller is at the position 1;
and a second step of: the right dressing roller is rapidly fed to position 2, and the dressing mechanism is used for dressing at a dressing speedv x Rotating, shaping grinding wheelsv s Rotating at a speed, and feeding the right trimming roller to a position 3 along the Y axis;
and a third step of: the circle centers of the trimming circular arcs of the right trimming roller are sequentially along the movement track pointsw n (1),v n (1))、(w n (2),v n (2) … position 4 …%w n (n),v n (n) Until the right profile surface of the formed grinding wheel is finished after being fed to the position 5;
fourth step: the left dressing roller is quickly fed to the position 6, and then the left dressing roller is fed to the position 7 along the Y axis;
fifth step: the circle centers of the trimming circular arcs of the left trimming roller are sequentially along the movement track pointsw n (n+2),v n (n+2)) … position 8 … until the left profile surface of the shaped grinding wheel is dressed after feeding to position 9;
sixth step: the left dressing roller is quickly fed to the safe position 10, the roller shaft and the grinding wheel shaft stop rotating, and the formed grinding wheel is finished.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The method for calculating the dressing track of the grinding wheel for machining the composite dressing helical gear is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s100, establishing an end surface involute parameter equation of the undenatured helical gear;
s200, building a modification equation under different modification modes, building an increment equation according to a plurality of modification equations, and adding the increment equation into the end face involute parameter equation to form a tooth form equation of the composite modification helical gear;
s300, calculating a profile equation of the formed grinding wheel according to the tooth form equation;
s400, establishing a circle center motion track equation of a trimming arc of the trimming roller when the trimming roller trims the formed grinding wheel according to the profile equation, and calculating a trimming track of the formed grinding wheel according to the circle center motion track equation;
in step S100, the end involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear is expressed as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the base circle radius>Is the base circle half angle>Is an involute parameter;
in the method, in the process of the invention,is the distance between any point on involute and the center of base circle, +.>The method meets the following conditions: />Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,is the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle,/, the distance between the starting point of the involute and the centre of the base circle is the same>Is the distance between the ending point of the involute and the center of the base circle;
the end face involute parameter equation of the left tooth surface of the unmodified helical gear is transformed into:
in step S200, the modification equation includes a drum modification equation, a taper modification equation, and a tooth tip modification equation;
the drum shaping equation is expressed as:
the taper modification equation is expressed as:
wherein,,the distance between the starting point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the distance between the end point of drum shape modification or taper modification and the center of the base circle, +.>Maximum amount of drum for drum shaping, +.>The maximum taper is the taper modification;
the tooth tip trimming equation is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the length of the tooth tip trimming, +.>Is the distance between the termination point of the tooth tip trimming and the center of the base circle,the distance between the starting point of the tooth crest trimming and the center of the base circle is +.>Is the maximum trimming value;
the delta equation is expressed as:
wherein,,
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearxIncrement in axial direction,/->For the end involute parametric equation attached to the left flank of the unmodified helical gearyAn increment in the axial direction;
according toNumerical range of>Numerical range of>Establishing the complex for parametersDifferent tooth form equations of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear are combined, and the tooth form equation of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear is expressed as +.>;
Establishing a tooth form equation of the right tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear by referring to the tooth form equation of the left tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear;
in step S300, three components of any point on the tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear in space are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,represented asxTooth form equation for axial direction>Represented asyThe tooth form equation for the axial direction,θis wound at any point on the tooth surface of the bevel gear with compound modificationzThe angle of rotation of the shaft,pis wound at any point on the tooth surface of the bevel gear with compound modificationzShaft rotation unit angle time edgezDistance of axis movement, wherein->,βThe helical angle of the helical gear is a compound shape-modifying helical gear;
three components of the normal vector of any point on the tooth surface of the composite modified helical gear are expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,is->For->Derivative of>Is->For->Is a derivative of (2);
the contact condition formula of the forming grinding wheel and the composite shaping helical gear is expressed as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for forming the center distance between the grinding wheel and the composite bevel gear>Forming the mounting angle of the grinding wheel;
transforming the solving result of the above formula into a coordinate system of the forming grinding wheel, wherein the transformation formula is expressed as follows:
the profile equation for the shaped grinding wheel is expressed as:
2. the dressing trace calculation method for a grinding wheel for machining a compound dressing helical gear according to claim 1, wherein in step S400, the point at which the dressing of the shaped grinding wheel is requiredP n Expressed as coordinates of (a)Solving by the profile equation, the center coordinates of the dressing arc of the dressing roller are expressed as +.>The center motion trajectory equation is expressed as:
in the method, in the process of the invention,Rto tailor the radius of the finishing arc of the roller,α 1 is thatxAxial direction and directionP n The angle of the normal vector of the curve at the point,wthe axis direction being parallelxIn the direction of the axis of the shaft,vthe axis direction being parallelyThe axial direction.
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