CN116038113A - Laser butt-joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plate - Google Patents
Laser butt-joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN116038113A CN116038113A CN202211688312.7A CN202211688312A CN116038113A CN 116038113 A CN116038113 A CN 116038113A CN 202211688312 A CN202211688312 A CN 202211688312A CN 116038113 A CN116038113 A CN 116038113A
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- laser
- base material
- gas
- laser processing
- butt joint
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 108700041286 delta Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003698 laser cutting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/1462—Nozzles; Features related to nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A laser butt joint method for dissimilar metal medium plate comprises the following steps; step 1, providing a first base material and a second base material, and forming a butt joint; step 2, providing a laser processing system; step 3, starting a laser processing system, outputting a first laser beam by a first laser processing head to irradiate a first base material to form a first molten metal, and blowing a first working gas to act on the first molten metal by a first gas nozzle; the second laser processing head outputs a second laser beam to irradiate the second base material to form second molten metal, and the second gas nozzle blows a second working gas to act on the second molten metal; then the compression roller extrudes the first base metal and the second base metal to realize metallurgical connection of the first base metal and the second base metal; and 4, moving the first laser processing head and the second laser processing head to the tail end point, closing the laser processing system, and finishing the welding process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding connection, in particular to a laser butt joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plates.
Background
With the successful development of various advanced materials, there are often material substitution application scenarios in mechanical structures, such as aluminum instead of copper or steel, etc., thereby creating the problem of connection between aluminum-steel and aluminum-copper dissimilar metals. The physical and chemical properties (such as thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient and melting point) of the dissimilar metals are often greatly different, and the more troublesome problem is that the two liquid metals at the joint are mixed to easily form an interface layer of brittle intermetallic compound, so that the mechanical properties of the joint are seriously deteriorated.
For dissimilar metal butt joints, the conventional welding process often needs to be provided with grooves, metallurgical powder or welding wires or foils are filled to improve the phase and uniformity of interfacial intermetallic compounds, the auxiliary process is complex, and the stability is poor; and for thicker plates, uniformity of the interfacial intermetallic compound layer in the plate thickness direction is difficult to ensure. Laser deep-melting brazing can improve the uniformity of an interfacial intermetallic compound layer of a dissimilar metal butt joint of a thicker plate, but the heat input is larger, and the laser energy of the upper surface of the plate is always larger than that of the lower surface, so that the uniformity of the interfacial intermetallic compound layer in a welded joint is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a laser butt joint connection method for a dissimilar metal medium plate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a laser butt joint method for dissimilar metal medium plate comprises the following steps;
step 1, providing a first base material and a second base material, and forming the first base material and the second base material into a butt joint;
step 2, providing a laser processing system, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser, a first transmission optical fiber, a second transmission optical fiber, a first laser processing head, a second laser processing head, a first gas nozzle, a second gas nozzle, a first gas cylinder, a second gas cylinder, a first gas heater, a second gas heater and a compression roller;
step 3, starting a laser processing system, outputting a first laser beam by a first laser processing head to irradiate a first base material to form a first molten metal, and blowing a first working gas to act on the first molten metal by a first gas nozzle; the second laser processing head outputs a second laser beam to irradiate the second base material to form second molten metal, and the second gas nozzle blows a second working gas to act on the second molten metal; then the compression roller extrudes the first base metal and the second base metal to realize metallurgical connection of the first base metal and the second base metal;
and 4, moving the first laser processing head and the second laser processing head to the tail end point, closing the laser processing system, and finishing the welding process.
In one embodiment, the pinch rollers include a left pinch roller and a right pinch roller.
In one embodiment, the first base material and the second base material are not identical in material, and the first base material and the second base material are each 5 to 12mm thick.
In one embodiment, the laser is a high brightness anti-high reflection fiber laser.
In one embodiment, the first gas nozzle is fixed below the first laser processing head, and the first working gas of the first gas cylinder is heated and conveyed to the first gas nozzle through the first gas heater; the second gas nozzle is fixed below the second laser processing head, and the second working gas of the second gas cylinder is heated by the second gas heater and conveyed to the second gas nozzle.
In one embodiment, the first laser beam center position is 0.5-1 mm from the butt seam; the distance delta 2 between the center position of the second laser beam and the butt joint is 0.5-1 mm.
In one embodiment, the distance d1 between the central position of the first working gas blown by the first gas nozzle and the central position of the first laser beam is 0.2-0.5 mm; the distance d2 between the center position of the second working gas blown by the second gas nozzle and the center position of the second laser beam is 0.2-0.5 mm.
In one embodiment, the first working gas and the second working gas are both nitrogen.
In one embodiment, the pressure of the pinch roller is 0.3 to 1.5bar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the first base metal and the second base metal of the butt joint are irradiated by the first laser beam and the second laser beam respectively, and most of the first molten metal and the second molten metal respectively form splashing under the effect of coaxial blowing, so that the effect similar to laser cutting is achieved; simultaneously, the first base material and the second base material are extruded through the compression roller, so that molten materials close to the first base material and the second base material directly react in a metallurgical way, and the connection of the first base material and the second base material is realized. In addition, due to the existence of the heated first working gas and the heated second working gas, the downward flow of the first molten metal and the second molten metal conducts the upper heat acted by the first laser beam and the second laser beam downwards, so that the heat in the up-down direction of the butt joint of the first base material and the second base material is consistent, the uniformity of the interfacial intermetallic compound layer of the dissimilar metal butt joint of the medium plate material is improved, and the joint performance is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the laser welding of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the weld structure of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 10. the first base material, 20, the second base material, 30, the laser, 31, the first transmission optical fiber, 32, the first laser processing head, 33, the first gas nozzle, 34, the first gas cylinder, 35, the first gas heater, 36, the second transmission optical fiber, 37, the second laser processing head, 38, the second gas nozzle, 39, the second gas cylinder, 40, the second gas heater, 41, the compression roller, 42, the first laser beam, 43, the first molten metal, 44, the second laser beam, 45, the second molten metal, 46, the splash, 47, the weld joint, 48, the first working gas, 49, the second working gas.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment includes the following steps;
step 1, providing a first base material 10 and a second base material 20, and forming the first base material 10 and the second base material 20 into a butt joint; in the present embodiment, the materials of the first base material 10 and the second base material 20 are not uniform, and the thicknesses of the first base material 10 and the second base material 20 are 5-12 mm;
step 2, providing a laser processing system, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser 30, a first transmission optical fiber 31, a second transmission optical fiber 36, a first laser processing head 32, a second laser processing head 37, a first gas nozzle 33, a second gas nozzle 38, a first gas bottle 34, a second gas bottle 39, a first gas heater 35, a second gas heater 40 and a compression roller 41; wherein the first laser processing head 32 communicates with the laser 30 through a first transmission fiber 31; a second laser processing head 37 is coupled to the laser 30 via a second transmission fiber 36; the first gas nozzle 33 communicates with the first gas bottle 34 through a first gas heater 35; the second gas nozzle 38 communicates with a second gas cylinder 39 through a second gas heater 40; the compression roller 41 comprises a left compression roller and a right compression roller, the left compression roller and the right compression roller are respectively positioned at two ends of the first base material 10 and the second base material 20, and the pressure of the compression roller 41 is 0.3-1.5 bar;
in the present embodiment, the first gas nozzle 33 is fixed below the first laser processing head 32, and the first working gas 48 of the first gas bottle 34 is heated by the first gas heater 35 and delivered to the first gas nozzle 33; the second gas nozzle 38 is fixed below the second laser processing head 37, and the second working gas 49 of the second gas cylinder 39 is heated by the second gas heater 40 and conveyed to the second gas nozzle 38; and the laser 30 is a high brightness anti-high reflection fiber laser.
Step 3, starting the laser processing system, wherein the first laser processing head 32 outputs a first laser beam 42 to irradiate the first base material 10 to form a first molten metal 43, and the first gas nozzle 33 blows a first working gas 48 to act on the first molten metal 43; the second laser processing head 37 outputs a second laser beam 44 to irradiate the second base material 20 to form a second molten metal 45, and the second gas nozzle 38 blows a second working gas 49 to act on the second molten metal 45; then, the compression roller 41 extrudes the first base material 10 and the second base material 20 to realize metallurgical connection of the first base material 10 and the second base material 20; in the present embodiment, the first working gas and the second working gas are both nitrogen, and the first gas nozzle 33 blows the first working gas with a distance d1 of 0.2 to 0.5mm from the center position of the first laser beam 42; the distance d2 between the center position of the second working gas blown by the second gas nozzle 38 and the center position of the second laser beam 44 is 0.2-0.5 mm;
and 4, moving the first laser processing head 32 and the second laser processing head 37 to the tail end point, closing the laser processing system, and completing the welding process.
In addition, the distance delta 1 between the center position of the first laser beam and the butt joint is 0.5-1 mm; the center position of the second laser beam is separated from the butt joint by delta 2 by 0.5-1 mm.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the technical solution of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some of the technical features thereof may be equally substituted; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A laser butt joint method for dissimilar metal medium plate is characterized in that: comprises the following steps of;
step 1, providing a first base material (10) and a second base material (20), and forming the first base material (10) and the second base material (20) into a butt joint;
step 2, providing a laser processing system, wherein the laser processing system comprises a laser (30), a first transmission optical fiber (31), a second transmission optical fiber (36), a first laser processing head (32), a second laser processing head (37), a first gas nozzle (33), a second gas nozzle (38), a first gas cylinder (34), a second gas cylinder (39), a first gas heater (35), a second gas heater (40) and a compression roller (41);
step 3, starting a laser processing system, wherein the first laser processing head (32) outputs a first laser beam (42) to irradiate a first base material (10) to form a first molten metal (43), and the first gas nozzle (33) blows a first working gas (48) to act on the first molten metal (43); the second laser processing head (37) outputs a second laser beam (44) to irradiate the second base material (20) to form a second molten metal (45), and the second gas nozzle (38) blows a second working gas (49) to act on the second molten metal (45); then, the compression roller (41) extrudes the first base material (10) and the second base material (20) to realize metallurgical connection of the first base material (10) and the second base material (20);
and 4, moving the first laser processing head (32) and the second laser processing head (37) to the tail end point, closing the laser processing system, and completing the welding process.
2. The laser butt joint method for the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pinch rollers (41) include a left pinch roller and a right pinch roller.
3. The laser butt joint method for the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the materials of the first base material (10) and the second base material (20) are not consistent, and the thicknesses of the first base material (10) and the second base material (20) are 5-12 mm.
4. The laser butt joint method of the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 3, wherein: the laser (30) is a high brightness high reflection resistant fiber laser.
5. The laser butt joint method for the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first gas nozzle (33) is fixed below the first laser processing head (32), and the first working gas (48) of the first gas cylinder (34) is heated by the first gas heater (35) and conveyed to the first gas nozzle (33); the second gas nozzle (38) is fixed below the second laser processing head (37), and the second working gas (49) of the second gas cylinder (39) is heated by the second gas heater (40) and conveyed to the second gas nozzle (38).
6. The laser butt joint method for the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the distance delta 1 between the center position of the first laser beam and the butt joint is 0.5-1 mm; the distance delta 2 between the center position of the second laser beam and the butt joint is 0.5-1 mm.
7. The laser butt joint method of the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 6, wherein: the distance d1 between the central position of the first working gas blown by the first gas nozzle (33) and the central position of the first laser beam (42) is 0.2-0.5 mm; the distance d2 between the center position of the second working gas blown by the second gas nozzle (38) and the center position of the second laser beam (44) is 0.2-0.5 mm.
8. The laser butt joint method of the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 7, wherein: the first working gas and the second working gas are both nitrogen.
9. The laser butt joint method of the dissimilar metal medium plate according to claim 8, wherein: the pressure of the compression roller (41) is 0.3-1.5 bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211688312.7A CN116038113A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Laser butt-joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211688312.7A CN116038113A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Laser butt-joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plate |
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| CN116038113A true CN116038113A (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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| CN202211688312.7A Pending CN116038113A (en) | 2022-12-28 | 2022-12-28 | Laser butt-joint connection method for dissimilar metal medium plate |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5653899A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1997-08-05 | Nkk Corporation | Method of making a steel pipe by electric resistance heating of opposing edges of a sheet prior to laser welding |
| CN109562490A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2019-04-02 | 示罗产业公司 | Mix welding point and forming method thereof |
| CN111673282A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-18 | 吉林大学 | Welding method for aluminum/steel welding by using three-beam laser |
| CN112743234A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and system for welding magnesium alloy thick plate by high-power laser |
-
2022
- 2022-12-28 CN CN202211688312.7A patent/CN116038113A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5653899A (en) * | 1994-08-05 | 1997-08-05 | Nkk Corporation | Method of making a steel pipe by electric resistance heating of opposing edges of a sheet prior to laser welding |
| CN109562490A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2019-04-02 | 示罗产业公司 | Mix welding point and forming method thereof |
| CN111673282A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-09-18 | 吉林大学 | Welding method for aluminum/steel welding by using three-beam laser |
| CN112743234A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and system for welding magnesium alloy thick plate by high-power laser |
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