CN115365658B - Laser welding method and system suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joint - Google Patents
Laser welding method and system suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joint Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/082—Scanning systems, i.e. devices involving movement of the laser beam relative to the laser head
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy lasers, in particular to a laser welding method and a laser welding system suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints, comprising the following steps: adopting a laser-arc-before-arc-after composite mode, and adjusting the distance and the included angle between the laser beam and the arc to ensure that the positions of the laser beam and the arc are within an effective composite range; setting the oscillation laser beam and electric arc technological parameters of which the energy dynamically changes along with a scanning path, implementing oscillation laser-electric arc composite welding of the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint, forming a welding line and finishing welding of workpieces. The invention combines the dynamic change process of the energy of the oscillating laser beam along the scanning path, realizes one-time single-sided welding three-sided molding, and has better welding capability than the existing process methods of the oscillating laser beam welding, the composite welding and the like by controlling the dynamic change of the energy of the oscillating laser beam along the scanning path in the welding process. The welding system has simple equipment composition and excellent welding efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy lasers, in particular to a laser welding method and system suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints.
Background
Aluminum alloys are known as "green metals" in the current industry and have a density of about 2800kg/m 3, high specific strength, good machinability and good thermal conductivity. The aluminum alloy is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, automobiles, army equipment and the like, and is used as a preferred material for light structure. In a specific industrial structure, the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint is a joint form with wider application. Due to the physical characteristics of the material, the geometric characteristics of the joint form and other factors, it becomes difficult to obtain a thin-wall double-slit T-shaped welding joint with excellent welding quality.
Welding technology is one of the key technologies affecting whether this type of joint is widely used. The physical properties of the aluminum alloy material determine that the aluminum alloy does not have good weldability, and a series of welding problems such as large deformation, air holes, surface defects, high crack sensitivity, joint softening (heat treatment strengthening of the aluminum alloy) and the like can occur in the welding process. Therefore, in the aluminum alloy welding process, a relatively complex tooling fixture is usually required to be designed for reducing the post-welding deformation, the relation between the pre-welding preheating, the welding energy and the welding speed is regulated and controlled to increase the stay time of a molten pool, so that the air holes are convenient to escape, however, the technological measures cannot meet the requirement of high-efficiency welding. In order to reduce deformation and improve welding production efficiency, high-speed laser welding and laser-electric arc composite welding technology methods are adopted at home and abroad, and the problems of air holes and large deformation of a welded joint are still solved effectively although the laser welding and the laser-electric arc composite welding have the characteristics of high welding speed, large depth-to-width ratio of a welding seam, high joint strength and the like. For the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint, a certain short plate exists in a relatively close local area no matter single-pass multiple times or double-beam synchronous welding.
Patent document CN103056533B discloses an oscillation scanning laser beam-electric arc composite welding method and system, the method can homogenize weld microstructure, refine crystal grain, reduce welding defect, integrate double advantages of laser beam welding and electric arc welding, but is still not suitable for thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joints, and adopts the process in a region with a relatively short distance, and the microstructure performance of the welded joint is deteriorated to a relatively large extent due to relatively dense heat input, so that the welded structure is greatly deformed; patent document CN110280900B discloses a beam swing laser welding method for titanium alloy, which solves the problems of insufficient tensile strength and weld surface defects of the titanium alloy welded joint. The aluminum alloy and the titanium alloy have large differences in physical properties, and the process method has the defect of inhibiting air holes in the aluminum alloy welding joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints, in particular to a laser welding method of special-shaped joints such as thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped welding joints, which can realize one-step single-side welding three-side forming, adopts dynamic change of energy of an oscillating laser beam along with a scanning path in the welding process, can effectively control welding heat input, plays roles of regulating and controlling deformation of a welding structure, and has better welding capacity than the existing technological methods such as oscillating laser beam welding and compound welding.
The invention also aims to provide a laser welding system suitable for the energy space-time dynamic distribution of the special-shaped joint, which is used for carrying out dynamic energy oscillation laser-electric arc composite welding of the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint.
The scheme adopted by the invention for achieving one of the purposes is as follows: a laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints comprises the following steps:
(1) Adopting a laser-arc-before-arc-after composite mode, and adjusting the distance and the included angle between the laser beam and the arc to ensure that the positions of the laser beam and the arc are within an effective composite range;
(2) Setting the oscillation laser beam and electric arc technological parameters of which the energy dynamically changes along with a scanning path, implementing oscillation laser-electric arc composite welding of the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint, forming a welding line and finishing welding of workpieces.
Preferably, in the step (1), the adjustment range of the included angle between the laser beam and the arc is 20 ° -50 °; the adjusting range of the defocusing amount of the laser beam is-2 mm-2mm, and the adjusting range of the distance between the optical fibers is 0-5mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the laser beam oscillation scan pattern is any one of a circle, an 8-shape, a transverse straight line scan shape, and a triangle, and the arc moves along a straight line.
Preferably, in the step (2), the oscillation frequency of the laser beam is 10-500Hz and the amplitude is 0.2-4.5mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the dynamic change of energy along with the scanning path means that the laser beam power of the middle area of the double seam is 500-1500W, and the laser beam power of the welding seam at both sides and the area near the outer side is 2500-3500W.
Preferably, in the step (2), the welding speed is in the range of 5-30mm/s, and the welding current is in the range of 50-200A.
Preferably, in the step (2), the welding method is adopted to obtain the cross-sectional shape of the welding seam similar to a W shape.
The scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the second purpose is as follows: a laser welding system suitable for the energy space-time dynamic distribution of a special-shaped joint mainly comprises: welding workstation control system, laser, scanning galvanometer and controller, welding power supply, welding robot and control system thereof, laser-arc composite processing head, and welding workstation;
The welding work station control system is respectively connected with the laser, the welding power supply, the welding robot control system and the scanning galvanometer controller by electric signals; the laser is optically connected with the scanning galvanometer through a transmission mirror or a transmission optical fiber, and the laser-electric arc composite processing head is arranged at one end of the welding robot to realize a dynamic welding process; the scanning galvanometer controller is used for controlling the dynamic change process of the oscillating laser beam energy along with the scanning path, the form of the oscillating path, the oscillating radius and the amplitude.
Preferably, the welding robot may achieve six degrees of freedom of movement in a spatial range.
The lower laser power in the middle area aims at stabilizing the molten pool form and plays a role in bridging of liquid metal; in contrast, the purpose of setting higher power in the double seam and the outer side area nearby is to obtain the penetration and the width meeting the welding quality requirement, and then obtain the cross-section morphology of the W-shaped welding seam. And adjusting the technological parameters of the laser beam and the welding arc to form a good welding process and finish the welding of the structure.
In the welding method, laser beams do periodic high-speed oscillation scanning movement on a welding plane, and laser energy dynamically changes at different positions on a path along with different spatial positions of the scanning path of the laser beams, so that the scanning path has different penetration depths, and the welding of the special-shaped joint is finished.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
The welding method and the system integrate the characteristics of laser-arc composite welding and oscillation laser welding, combine the process of dynamic change of the energy of the oscillation laser beam along with a scanning path, are used for welding the double-slit T-shaped joint of the thin-wall aluminum alloy, realize one-step single-sided welding and three-sided forming, can effectively control the welding heat input by controlling the dynamic change of the energy of the oscillation laser beam along with the scanning path in the welding process, play roles in regulating and controlling the deformation of a welding structure, and have better welding capacity than the existing technological methods such as the welding of the oscillation laser beam, the composite welding and the like.
Compared with the traditional laser welding, oscillation laser welding, laser-electric arc composite welding and oscillation laser-electric arc composite welding, the welding method can effectively control the welding heat input, obtain the weld joint with the cross section shape of W-shaped and other customized shapes, and play roles in regulating and controlling the tissues and controlling the deformation of a welding structure.
The welding system has simple equipment composition, ensures the welding quality and has excellent welding efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding process according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a typical path of laser beam scanning in the present invention, wherein 2 a-circles, 2b- "8" -shapes, 2 c-lateral linearities, 2 d-triangles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a welding system according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1. Sample wing plate; 2. oscillating a laser beam motion trail; 3. an arc welding gun; 4. oscillating the laser beam; 5. welding seams; 6. a sample vertical plate; 7. a high energy density region; 8. a low energy density region 9. A welding station; 10. a laser controller; 11. a welding workstation control system; 12. a scanning galvanometer controller; 13. a shielding gas input device; 14. a welding power supply; 15. scanning a vibrating mirror; 16. a laser-arc composite processing head.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention, but the contents of the present invention are not limited to the following examples only.
Based on the laser welding test research, the aluminum alloy material attribute analysis and the welding joint form characteristics, the invention provides a laser welding and system method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of a special-shaped joint. The method combines the characteristics of laser-arc composite welding and oscillation laser welding, combines the dynamic change process of oscillation laser beam energy along with a scanning path, is suitable for welding the thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint, and achieves the technological purpose of one-step single-sided three-sided molding. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a welding process according to the present invention, which is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
(1) The welding joint is in the form of an I-shaped groove, the gap between the vertical plate of the sample and the wing plate is 0-0.4mm, and a mechanical and chemical treatment method is adopted to clean the welding line and the areas on two sides so as to remove an oxide film, greasy dirt, oxide and the like;
(2) And adjusting the relative positions of the laser processing head and the welding gun to ensure that the laser processing head and the welding gun are in a better composite range.
The adjusting range of the included angle between the laser beam and the electric arc is 20-50 degrees; the adjusting range of the defocusing amount of the laser beam is-2 mm-2mm, and the adjusting range of the distance between the optical fibers is 0-5mm.
(3) The oscillating laser beam and arc process parameters with the energy dynamically changing along with the scanning path are set so that the two work together on the welding sample to form a stable welding process. In the process, the oscillating laser-electric arc composite welding processing head is driven by a welding robot to run according to a given path (straight line and curve); the laser beam and the electric arc with the energy dynamically changing along the scanning path jointly act in a micro-area, and the distribution of the laser energy at different spatial positions and different times is accurately regulated and controlled through the coupling action of the laser beam and the electric arc with the characteristics, so that the purposes of controlling the heat in and out, improving the characteristics of mass transfer, heat transfer, solidification and the like of a molten pool are achieved, and the structure form and the stress strain behavior of a welding joint are effectively controlled.
In the steps, the welding speed change range is 5mm/s-30mm/s, the welding current change range is 50A-200A, the laser power change range in the middle vertical plate area is 500-1500W, and when the laser beam moves to the wing plate areas at the two sides, the laser beam power change range is: 2500-3500W. The laser beam may be scanned along 4 different paths as shown in fig. 2 (where 2 a-circle, 2b- "8" shape, 2 c-transverse straight, 2 d-triangle). The oscillation frequency of the laser beam is 10-500Hz, and the amplitude is 0.2-4.5mm.
Example 1
A laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints comprises the following steps:
(1) Welding test plate and welding material
The two sample wing plates and the vertical plate are the same 5A06 (Al-Mg series) aluminum alloy, and the size is as follows: 60X 100X 1.5mm. The welding wire adopts ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.0 mm.
(2) Pre-weld preparation
Butt welding is adopted for the thin-wall aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.5mm, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the test plate gap is 0. The joint and its surrounding areas were mechanically and chemically cleaned until the weld and its vicinity appeared metallic luster, and the molten pool area was protected with pure Ar (99.99%) gas.
(3) Welding process
The laser is adopted to carry out welding in a front and rear guiding mode, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, and preheating is not needed before welding. The laser beam is welded along a circular scanning path, and the energy is dynamically changed along with the different space positions of the laser spots. In one oscillation period, the laser power is 1000W when the laser spot acts on the middle vertical plate region, and 2500W when the laser spot acts on the two side wing plate regions. Other process parameters were set as follows: the defocusing amount is 0mm, the oscillation laser amplitude radius is 2mm, the oscillation frequency is 50Hz, the welding speed is 15mm/s, the included angle between a welding gun and the axis of a laser beam is 28 degrees, the distance between optical wires is 2mm, the welding current is 110A, the welding voltage is 15V, and the flow rate of shielding gas is 25L/min.
The welding seam obtained by the welding process method is subjected to visual inspection and X-ray detection, the surface of the welding seam is smooth and clean, the brightness is good, the defects of surface and internal cracks, undercut and the like are avoided, the deformation of the angle of the wing plate is less than 2mm, and the requirement of usability is met.
Example 2
A laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints comprises the following steps:
(1) Welding test plate and welding material
The welding sample wing plate and the vertical plate adopt aluminum alloy with the same size and brand (6061), and the size is as follows: 50X 120X 1.5mm. The welding wire adopts ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.0 mm.
(2) Pre-weld preparation
Butt welding is adopted for the thin-wall aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1.5mm, an I-shaped groove is adopted, and the splicing gap between the wing plate and the vertical plate is 0.2mm. The joint and its surrounding areas were mechanically and chemically cleaned until the weld and its vicinity appeared metallic luster, and the molten pool area was protected with pure Ar (99.99%) gas.
(3) Welding process
The laser is adopted to carry out welding in a front and rear guiding mode, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, and preheating is not needed before welding. The laser beam is welded in an 8-shaped scanning mode, and the energy is dynamically changed along with different space positions of the laser spots. In one oscillation period, the laser power is 1200W when the laser spot acts on the middle vertical plate region, and 2800W when the laser spot acts on the two side wing plate regions. Other process parameters were set as follows: the defocusing amount is 0mm, the oscillation laser amplitude radius is 1.5mm, the oscillation frequency is 100Hz, the welding speed is 15mm/s, the included angle between a welding gun and the axis of a laser beam is 28 degrees, the distance between optical wires is 2mm, the welding current is 110A, the welding voltage is 15V, and the flow of shielding gas is 25L/min.
The welding seam obtained by the welding process method is subjected to visual inspection and X-ray detection, the surface of the welding seam is smooth and clean, the brightness is good, the defects of surface and internal cracks, undercut and the like are avoided, the deformation of the angle of the wing plate is less than 2mm, and the requirement of usability is met.
Example 3
A laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints comprises the following steps:
(1) Welding test plate and welding material
The wing plate and the vertical plate of the welding test sample are all made of aluminum alloy with the same brand (6061), and the wing plate has the following dimensions: 50X 120X 1.5mm, the riser size is: 50X 120X 2mm. The welding wire adopts ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.0 mm.
(2) Pre-weld preparation
The wing plates and the vertical plates with different thickness sizes are in butt joint, the I-shaped groove is formed, and the splicing gap between the wing plates and the vertical plates is 0.2mm. The joint and its surrounding areas were mechanically and chemically cleaned until the weld and its vicinity appeared metallic luster, and the molten pool area was protected with pure Ar (99.99%) gas.
(3) Welding process
The laser is adopted to carry out welding in a front and rear guiding mode, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, and preheating is not needed before welding. The laser beam is welded in a transverse linear scanning mode, and the energy is dynamically changed along with different space positions of the laser spots. In one oscillation period, the laser power was 1500W when the laser spot acted on the middle riser region and 3000W when the laser spot acted on the side riser regions. Other process parameters were set as follows: the defocusing amount is 0mm, the oscillation laser amplitude radius is 2.5mm, the oscillation frequency is 150Hz, the welding speed is 15mm/s, the included angle between a welding gun and the axis of a laser beam is 28 degrees, the distance between optical wires is 2mm, the welding current is 110A, the welding voltage is 15V, and the flow of shielding gas is 25L/min.
The welding seam obtained by the welding process method is subjected to visual inspection and X-ray detection, the surface of the welding seam is smooth and clean, the brightness is good, the defects of surface and internal cracks, undercut and the like are avoided, the deformation of the angle of the wing plate is less than 1.5mm, and the requirement on usability is met.
Example 4
A laser welding method suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joints comprises the following steps:
(1) Welding test plate and welding material
The wing plate and the vertical plate of the welding test sample are all made of aluminum alloy with the same brand (6061), and the wing plate has the following dimensions: 50X 120X 2mm, the riser size is: 50X 120X 2mm. The welding wire adopts ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm.
(2) Pre-weld preparation
The wing plates and the vertical plates with different thickness sizes are in butt joint, the I-shaped groove is formed, and the splicing gap between the wing plates and the vertical plates is 0.4mm. The joint and its surrounding areas were mechanically and chemically cleaned until the weld and its vicinity appeared metallic luster, and the molten pool area was protected with pure Ar (99.99%) gas.
(3) Welding process
The laser is adopted to carry out welding in a front and rear guiding mode, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃, and preheating is not needed before welding. The laser beam is welded along the triangular scanning path, and the energy is dynamically changed along with the different space positions of the laser spots. In one oscillation period, the laser power is 1500W when the laser spot acts on the middle riser region, and 3500W when the laser spot acts on the wing regions on both sides. Other process parameters were set as follows: the defocusing amount is 0mm, the oscillation laser amplitude radius is 2.5mm, the oscillation frequency is 120Hz, the welding speed is 15mm/s, the included angle between a welding gun and the axis of a laser beam is 28 degrees, the distance between optical wires is 2mm, the welding current is 110A, the welding voltage is 15V, and the flow of shielding gas is 25L/min.
The welding seam obtained by the welding process method is subjected to visual inspection and X-ray detection, the surface of the welding seam is smooth and clean, the brightness is good, the defects of surface and internal cracks, undercut and the like are avoided, the deformation of the angle of the wing plate is less than 2mm, and the requirement of usability is met.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 3, a laser welding system suitable for the energy space-time dynamic distribution of a special-shaped joint, the welding workstation system mainly comprises: a welding workstation control system 11, a laser-arc composite processing head 16, a welding power supply 14, a welding robot, a control system of the welding robot and a welding workstation 9;
The laser-arc composite processing head 16 comprises a laser, an arc welding gun 3 and a scanning galvanometer 15, wherein the laser emits an oscillating laser beam 4 under the control of a laser controller 10, the scanning galvanometer 15 is controlled by a scanning galvanometer controller 12, and a welding work station control system 11 is respectively connected with the laser controller 10, a welding power supply 14, a welding robot control system and the scanning galvanometer controller 12 through electric signals; the laser is in optical connection with the scanning galvanometer 15 through a transmission mirror assembly or a transmission optical fiber, and a laser-electric arc composite processing head 16 is arranged at one end of the welding robot to realize a dynamic welding process; the scanning galvanometer controller 12 is used to control the dynamic change process of the oscillating laser beam energy along with the scanning path, the form of the oscillating path, the oscillating radius and the amplitude, and the welding robot can realize six degrees of freedom motion in a space range. Also included is a shielding gas input means 13 for creating a shielding gas atmosphere during the welding process.
The working process of the system is as follows:
(1) The spacing and the included angle between the laser processing head and the welding gun are adjusted through the welding workstation control system 11, so that the positions of the laser processing head and the welding gun are within an effective composite range;
(2) The oscillating laser beam and arc process parameters, which are dynamically varied in energy with the scan path, are set by the welding station control system 11 such that they act together on the welding coupon to form a stable welding process.
While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (8)
1. The laser welding method suitable for the energy space-time dynamic distribution of the special-shaped joint is characterized in that a sample comprises two wing plates and a vertical plate, the welding joint is in the form of an I-shaped groove, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Adopting a laser-arc-before-arc-after composite mode, and adjusting the distance and the included angle between the laser beam and the arc to ensure that the positions of the laser beam and the arc are within an effective composite range;
(2) Setting oscillation laser beam and electric arc process parameters of which the energy dynamically changes along with a scanning path, implementing oscillation laser-electric arc composite welding of a thin-wall aluminum alloy double-slit T-shaped joint, forming a welding seam and finishing welding of a workpiece, and forming one single surface and three surfaces at a time;
wherein, the dynamic change of energy along with the scanning path means that when the laser power change range of the middle vertical plate area is 500-1500W and the laser beam moves to the wing plate areas at the two sides, the laser beam power change range is 2500-3500W.
2. The laser welding method suitable for the space-time dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1), the adjusting range of the included angle between the laser beam and the electric arc is 20-50 degrees; the adjusting range of the defocusing amount of the laser beam is-2 mm-2mm, and the adjusting range of the distance between the optical fibers is 0-5mm.
3. The laser welding method suitable for the space-time dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the laser beam oscillation scanning pattern is any one of a circle, an 8 shape, a transverse linear scanning shape and a triangle, and the arc moves along a straight line.
4. The laser welding method suitable for the space-time dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the oscillation frequency of the laser beam is 10-500Hz, and the amplitude is 0.2-4.5mm.
5. The laser welding method suitable for the space-time dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the welding speed is changed to be 5-30 mm/s, and the welding current is changed to be 50-200A.
6. The laser welding method suitable for the space-time dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the welding method can be adopted to obtain the cross-sectional shape of the welding seam similar to the W shape.
7. A system for implementing a laser welding method suitable for the spatiotemporal dynamic distribution of energy of a profiled joint according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the welding workstation system mainly comprises: welding workstation control system, laser, scanning galvanometer and controller, welding power supply, welding robot and control system thereof, laser-arc composite processing head, and welding workstation;
The welding work station control system is respectively connected with the laser, the welding power supply, the welding robot control system and the scanning galvanometer controller by electric signals; the laser is optically connected with the scanning galvanometer through a transmission mirror or a transmission optical fiber, and the laser-electric arc composite processing head is arranged at one end of the welding robot to realize a dynamic welding process; the scanning galvanometer controller is used for controlling the dynamic change process of the oscillating laser beam energy along with the scanning path, the form of the oscillating path, the oscillating radius and the amplitude.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein: the welding robot can realize six degrees of freedom movements in a spatial range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211169303.7A CN115365658B (en) | 2022-09-22 | 2022-09-22 | Laser welding method and system suitable for energy space-time dynamic distribution of special-shaped joint |
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| CN102009274A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-04-13 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | T-shaped joint single-beam laser and TIG (Tungsten Insert gas) compound single-sided welding and double-sided shaping method |
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| JPH05177373A (en) * | 1991-12-26 | 1993-07-20 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | T-shaped welding method by laser beam |
| CN103506756B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Laser lap welding gap detecting system and laser lap welding gap detecting method based on molten pool image visual sensing |
| JP6852588B2 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2021-03-31 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Laser welding method and laser welding equipment |
| CN108453388B (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Double-laser-induced arc penetration welding method and welding device for T-shaped structural part |
| CN109128507B (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-11-10 | 吉林大学 | Diffusion welding connection method for realizing dissimilar metal honeycomb panel structure by utilizing laser |
| CN110449801B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-05-10 | 兰州理工大学 | Clamp for welding T-shaped joint by welding flux sheet constraint arc welding |
| DE102020212859A1 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-14 | Fronius International Gmbh | Laser hybrid welding process |
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| CN102009274A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-04-13 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | T-shaped joint single-beam laser and TIG (Tungsten Insert gas) compound single-sided welding and double-sided shaping method |
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| 7B52铝合金激光-MIG复合焊接头组织与性能;戴宇等;兵器材料科学与工程;20210731;第第44卷卷(第第4期期);第112-115页 * |
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