CN116007093A - A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system and heating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system and a heating method, including an air processing unit, a solar preheating heat storage unit, a phase change energy storage unit and a multi-source heat pump unit; the air processing unit includes a fresh air duct and The air exhaust duct, the fresh air duct is provided with an air heater; the air flow in the fresh air duct is heated twice through the air heater; the solar preheating heat storage unit is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, and convert the heat energy Provided to the air handling unit and/or the phase change energy storage unit; the multi-source heat pump unit provides the converted heat energy to the air handling unit through the air heater; the phase change energy storage unit includes a phase change heat storage tank , The first heat storage heat exchanger and the second heat storage heat exchanger are used to realize the energy transfer and energy storage between the solar preheating heat storage unit and the multi-source heat pump unit; the device has high system stability, energy saving and environmental protection effect Remarkably, a clean and efficient HVAC system.

Description

A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system and heating method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat pumps, and in particular relates to a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system and a heating method.

Background technique

At present, the energy market is facing huge opportunities and challenges, and energy conservation and carbon reduction have become a hot spot of social concern. Due to its non-renewability, low utilization efficiency, and serious environmental pollution, traditional fossil energy can no longer meet the needs of sustainable social development. In this context, it is necessary to accelerate energy transformation, develop clean energy, and promote cascaded utilization and Improving energy efficiency is imperative.

Compression heat pump technology is widely used because of its advantages of high efficiency, flexible equipment installation, and continuous and stable operation. There are problems such as the inability to take advantage of the difference in peak and valley electricity prices, which leads to high operating costs, and does not have the obvious advantage of energy saving and carbon reduction.

As the renewable clean energy with the largest reserves in the world, solar energy is economical and environmentally friendly. However, solar energy is affected by meteorological conditions and has shortcomings such as intermittency and instability. Phase change heat storage materials are more and more widely used in the energy field because of their advantages such as constant temperature, high heat storage density, small volume change, and good stability. During the phase change process, phase change materials absorb the surrounding Environmental heat, and release heat to the surrounding environment when needed so as to achieve the purpose of energy storage and control the temperature of the surrounding environment, which can solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand in time and space. However, the solar-air source heat pump system in the prior art mainly relies on electric energy to drive the heat pump for heating, resulting in high energy consumption of the compressor, and the use of solar energy is still very limited, and cascade utilization of energy in the air conditioning system cannot be realized, resulting in energy waste. Low energy efficiency and other issues.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and provide a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system and heating method. The device has high system stability, remarkable energy saving and environmental protection effect, and is a clean and efficient HVAC systems have broad application prospects.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system, including an air handling unit, a solar preheating heat storage unit, a phase change energy storage unit and a multi-source heat pump unit;

The air processing unit includes a fresh air duct and an exhaust duct, and the fresh air duct is provided with an air heater; the air flow in the fresh air duct is heated by the air heater;

The solar preheating thermal storage unit is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, and provide the heat energy to the air handling unit and/or the phase change energy storage unit;

The multi-source heat pump unit provides the converted heat energy to the air handling unit through the air heater;

The phase change energy storage unit includes a phase change heat storage tank, a first heat storage heat exchanger and a second heat storage heat exchanger, which are used to realize energy transfer between the solar preheating heat storage unit and the multi-source heat pump unit and energy storage; the first heat storage heat exchanger and the second heat storage heat exchanger are arranged in the phase change heat storage tank, wherein the inlet and outlet ends of the second heat storage heat exchanger are connected with the solar energy preheating heat storage The units are connected, and the inlet and outlet ends of the first heat storage heat exchanger are connected with the multi-source heat pump unit.

As a preferred solution, it also includes a solar heat storage unit; the solar preheating heat storage unit includes a solar heat collector and a first circulating water pump, and the water inlet of the solar heat collector is exchanged with the second heat storage through the first circulating water pump The pipeline outlet of the heater is connected; the fresh air pipe is also provided with a fresh air preheater, the fresh air preheater is located on the air inlet side of the air heater, and the fresh air preheater is used to preheat the fresh air entering the fresh air pipe; The fresh air preheater includes a water channel and an air channel, the water outlet of the solar collector is connected with the water channel inlet of the fresh air preheater, the water channel outlet of the fresh air preheater is connected with the inlet of the second heat storage heat exchanger, and the fresh air Both ends of the air pipe of the preheater are connected with the fresh air pipe.

As a preferred solution, the multi-element heat pump unit includes a first compressor and a condenser, the first compressor includes a low-pressure air inlet, a medium-pressure air inlet, and a high-pressure exhaust port, and the condenser includes a water channel and a refrigerating The refrigerant channel, the refrigerant channel inlet of the condenser is connected with the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor, the refrigerant channel outlet of the condenser is connected with the inlet of the first heat storage heat exchanger, and the air heater includes water channels and air channels, the inlet and outlet of the water channel of the air heater are connected with the inlet and outlet of the water channel of the condenser, the two ends of the air channel of the air heater are connected with the fresh air pipe, and are used to connect with the air channel in the air heater Heat exchange with the medium to heat the air medium in the fresh air duct.

As a preferred solution, the outlet of the first heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the flash separator, and the flash separator also includes a gas return port and a liquid discharge port, and the gas return port of the flash separator is connected to the The medium-pressure air inlet of the first compressor is connected, and the liquid discharge port of the steam separator is throttled and depressurized by the third throttling part, and then connected with the refrigerant inlet of the air source evaporator, and the refrigerant of the air source evaporator The outlet is connected to the low pressure inlet of the first compressor.

As a preferred solution, the pipeline inlet end of the medium-pressure air inlet of the first compressor is a U-shaped pipe, and the U-shaped pipe is located below the liquid level of the flash separator, and the U-shaped pipe The end is provided with the air return port, and a number of oil return holes are formed on the surface of the U-shaped pipe, and the oil return holes are used to transfer the lubricating oil in the liquid medium of the flash separator into the first inside a compressor.

As a preferred solution, an exhaust air heat recovery device is provided on the exhaust air duct, and the exhaust air heat recovery device is used to recover the waste heat of the exhaust air duct. The exhaust air heat recovery device includes an air channel and a refrigerant channel. The air channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device is connected with the exhaust air pipe, and the refrigerant channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device is connected with the multi-source heat pump unit.

As a preferred solution, the multi-source heat pump unit further includes a second compressor, the second compressor has a low-pressure inlet and a high-pressure outlet, and the high-pressure outlet of the second compressor is connected to the condenser The inlet of the refrigerant passage of the second compressor is connected, and the low-pressure air inlet of the second compressor is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the exhaust air heat recovery device.

As a preferred solution, it also includes an economizer, the economizer has a low-pressure passage and a high-pressure passage capable of heat exchange, the inlet of the high-pressure passage of the economizer is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant passage of the condenser, and the outlet of the high-pressure passage of the economizer passes through the first The two throttling parts are connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the exhaust heat recovery device; the inlet of the low pressure channel of the economizer is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser through the first throttling part, and the low pressure channel of the economizer is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser through the first throttling part. The outlet is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the first heat storage heat exchanger.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a heating method for a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system. The specific operation steps of the heating method are as follows: according to the heat storage mode, heat storage and heat release coupling mode, heat release mode Neither heat storage nor heat release mode, a total of four modes of operation;

The phase change heat storage tank works in heat storage mode:

The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector is higher than the ambient temperature, and the solar preheating thermal storage unit provides the fresh air preheater with the heat required for preheating the fresh air and the heat required for the phase change heat storage tank to store energy. The output of the solar collector The thermal energy of hot water is firstly used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater, and then used to heat the phase change material of the phase change heat storage tank through the second heat storage heat exchanger and store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low temperature hot water heat energy; The first throttling part is fully opened, the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part but does not throttle and reduce pressure, the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger without heat exchange, and the multi-source heat pump unit passes through the air source evaporator from the outdoor The environment absorbs heat; at the same time, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner through the exhaust air heat recovery device, and the hot water produced by the two parallel heat pump cycles provides heat to the air heater to process the air supply of the air conditioner to achieve double evaporation The cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at low temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor;

The phase change heat storage tank works in the coupled mode of heat storage and heat release:

The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector is higher than the ambient temperature. The heat energy of the hot water output by the solar collector is first used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater, and then used to heat the phase change heat storage through the second heat storage heat exchanger. The phase change material of the tank can store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low-temperature hot water heat energy; when the multi-source heat pump unit as a low-temperature heat source cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, The phase change heat storage tank, the exhaust air heat recovery device and the air source evaporator form a three-temperature heat source. The first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the energy storage of the phase change material, and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs exhaust air waste heat and air source evaporation. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the outdoor environment, and the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling part, the second throttling part and the third throttling part to obtain three-stage evaporation pressure; The hot water produced at a certain temperature provides heat to the air heater to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor;

Or, when the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water at a certain temperature to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source , the first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the energy storage of the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, the third throttling part is completely closed, and the refrigerant is throttled through the first throttling part and the second throttling part The pressure is reduced to obtain two-stage evaporation pressure, and the hot water produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle system of the compressor under dual evaporation temperatures. heat process, thereby reducing compressor energy consumption;

The phase change heat storage tank works in the heat release mode: when there is no solar energy, the phase change heat storage tank provides the fresh air preheater with the heat required to preheat the fresh air and provides the air heater with the required part of the heat supply, and the second heat storage The heat exchanger absorbs the heat released by the phase change material in the phase change heat storage tank, and is used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater; When the heating capacity is required, the phase change heat storage tank, the exhaust air heat recovery device and the air source evaporator form a three-temperature heat source. The first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the heat released by the phase change material, and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the exhaust heat. The wind waste heat and the air source evaporator absorb the heat of the outdoor environment, and the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling part, the second throttling part and the third throttling part to obtain three-stage evaporation pressure; thus the high, medium and low compression The hot water at a certain temperature produced by the specific three-source heat pump cycle provides heat to the air heater to treat the air-conditioning air supply, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor;

Or, when the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water at a certain temperature to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source , the first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the heat released by the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, the third throttling part is completely closed, and the refrigerant is throttled through the first throttling part and the second throttling part The pressure is reduced to obtain two-stage evaporation pressure, and the hot water at a certain temperature produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression of the compressor at double evaporation temperatures The heat pump circulates the heating process, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

The phase change heat storage tank works in the mode of neither heat storage nor heat release: the solar heat storage energy storage unit stops working. At this time, it cannot provide the heat required for preheating the fresh air to the fresh air preheater. The source heat pump unit only forms a dual-temperature heat source through the exhaust air heat recovery device and the air source evaporator to meet the heating capacity required by the air handling unit; the first throttling part is fully opened, and the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part but not Throttling and pressure reduction, the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger without heat exchange, and the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator, so that it is produced by parallel heat pump cycles with high and low compression ratios The hot water at a certain temperature provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor under the double evaporation temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

One, through improvement of the present invention, the multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system is composed of four major parts such as a solar hot water circulation unit, a phase-change energy storage unit, a multi-source heat pump unit and an air handling unit, wherein the solar hot water circulation unit can be supplied to The fresh air preheater provides heat and undertakes the load of fresh air preheating. On the other hand, it can also provide heat to the phase change heat storage tank, store the heat, and realize the cascade utilization of low-temperature hot water heat energy; the phase change energy storage unit realizes solar thermal Energy transfer and energy storage between water circulation units and multi-source heat pump units, phase change energy storage units store heat, on the one hand, it can undertake the fresh air preheating load, on the other hand, it can also provide a low compression ratio compression heat pump cycle The heat required by the heating process at a higher temperature; the exhaust air heat recovery device is used to recover the waste heat of the exhaust air in the air handling unit, and the temperature grade can be improved through the multi-source heat pump unit. The air conditioning system of the present invention has high stability, energy saving and environmental protection effect significantly.

Second, this scheme optimizes the heating process of the multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system. According to the four operating modes of the phase change heat storage tank, namely heat storage mode, heat storage and heat release coupling mode, heat release mode and neither storage The heat does not release heat mode, which can realize the organic coupling operation of the solar hot water circulation unit, the energy storage unit and the multi-source heat pump unit, and realize the storage and cascade preparation of heat. Combined with the above-mentioned multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system with a specific structure, the multi-source heat pump unit can obtain heat from multiple low-temperature heat sources of different grades, such as dual-temperature heat sources or three-temperature heat sources, according to different operating modes, so as to bear the burden of building Heat load and part (or all) fresh air heat load, realize the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at multiple evaporation temperatures such as double evaporation temperature or triple evaporation temperature, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the compressor and improve the compression heat pump cycle High heating efficiency and solar energy utilization rate, overcome the problems of intermittent and low energy utilization rate of traditional solar heating.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only For some embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system of the present invention;

Marks in the figure: 1. First compressor, 2. Condenser, 3. Economizer, 4. Flash separator, 5. Air source evaporator, 6. Second compressor, 7. Exhaust air heat recovery device, 8. Phase change heat storage tank, 9. First heat storage heat exchanger, 10. Second heat storage heat exchanger, 11. First circulating water pump, 12. Solar heat collector, 13. Fresh air preheater, 14 , air heater, 15, second circulating water pump, 16, air conditioning system, 101, first throttling part, 102, second throttling part, 103, third throttling part, 201, first one-way valve, 202 , the second one-way valve, 301, fresh air pipeline, 302, exhaust air pipeline, 303, circulation pipeline.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be specifically described through exemplary embodiments below. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and characteristics of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.

It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by those with ordinary skill in the field of the present invention. Words such as "a", "an" or "the" used in the specification and claims of the patent application of the present invention do not express a limitation on quantity, but mean that there is at least one. Words such as "comprises" or "comprises" and similar terms indicate that the elements or items preceded by "comprises" or "comprises" include the elements or items listed after "comprises" or "comprises" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other Components or objects with the same function.

As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system, which consists of four parts: a solar hot water circulation unit, an energy storage unit, a multi-source heat pump unit and an air handling unit. Among them, the solar hot water circulation unit includes a solar heat collector 12, which is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, and provide heat to the air handling unit through the fresh air preheater 13, and can pass through the second phase change energy storage unit. The heat storage heat exchanger 10 provides heat to the phase change energy storage unit; the multi-source heat pump unit provides the heat energy converted by the air heater 14 to the air handling unit, and the heat can be supplied through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 Provided to the phase change energy storage unit.

In this solution, the air handling unit includes a fresh air duct 301 and an exhaust duct 302, the fresh air duct 301 is provided with a fresh air preheater 13 and an air heater 14; the air heater 14 is arranged on the exhaust side of the air preheater 13 After the air preheated by the fresh air duct 301 is mixed with the exhaust air from the exhaust duct 302 , it enters the fresh air duct 301 and is heated again by the air heater 14 . The fresh air preheater 13 is used to preheat the fresh air, and the fresh air preheater 13 includes a water passage and a fresh air passage, wherein the two ends of the fresh air passage communicate with the fresh air pipeline 301, and the air heater 14 is used to bear the building heat load and part (or all) ) fresh air heat load, the air heater 14 includes a refrigerant channel and an air channel, both ends of the air channel of the air heater 14 communicate with the fresh air pipe 301, and both ends of the refrigerant channel of the air heater 14 are connected with the multi-source heat pump unit, The exhaust air duct 302 is provided with an exhaust air heat recovery device 7, which is used to recover the waste heat of the exhaust air of the air conditioning system, and the temperature level is raised by the multi-source heat pump unit, which is used as part of the heating capacity of the air heater 14 for Heating and air conditioning. The exhaust air heat recovery device 7 includes an exhaust air channel and a refrigerant channel, and the two ends of the exhaust air channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 communicate with the exhaust pipe 302, and the refrigerant channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 is connected to the multi-source heat pump unit connected.

In this solution, the air processing unit also includes a circulation duct 303, and the two ends of the circulation duct 303 are respectively connected with the fresh air duct 301 and the exhaust duct 302, and are used to introduce part of the exhaust air circulation of the exhaust duct 302 into the fresh air duct. Thereby forming a mixed air flow with the fresh air. One end of the circulation pipe 303 is connected with the fresh air pipe 301 between the fresh air preheater 13 and the air heater 14 . The other end of the circulation pipe 303 is connected with the exhaust pipe 302 on the air inlet side of the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 .

In this scheme, the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 is located on the exhaust air duct 302, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 is used to absorb and recover the waste heat of the exhaust air duct 302. The exhaust air heat recovery device 7 includes an air channel and a refrigerant channel, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 The air passage of the heat recovery device 7 is connected to the exhaust pipe 302 , and the refrigerant passage of the exhaust heat recovery device 7 is connected to the multi-source heat pump unit.

In this scheme, the inlet and outlet ends of the hot water channel of the air heater 14 are respectively connected with the outlet of the second circulating water pump 15 and the inlet of the hot water channel of the condenser 2, and the outlet of the hot water channel of the condenser 2 is connected with the second circulating water pump 15 inlets are connected, so that the condenser 2, the second circulating water pump 15 and the air heater 14 form a circulating loop.

In this scheme, the specific structure of the phase change energy storage unit is as follows: the phase change energy storage unit includes a phase change heat storage tank 8, a first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and a second heat storage heat exchanger 10, and the phase change heat storage tank 8 is used to fill phase-change thermal storage fillers, which are materials with relatively stable properties such as fatty acids, polyols, paraffin wax, graphite or expanded graphite. Wherein, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 are arranged in the phase change heat storage tank 8 and submerged in the phase change heat storage filler, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and the second heat storage heat exchanger 9 The heat storage heat exchanger 10 is a coil heat exchanger or a finned tube heat exchanger. The inlet and outlet ends of the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 are respectively connected to the multi-source heat pump unit. The inlet and outlet ends of the device 10 are respectively connected with the air handling unit and the solar hot water circulation unit, and the energy storage unit is used for heat storage and (or) heat release.

In this solution, the solar preheating thermal storage unit is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy. The solar preheating thermal storage unit can provide thermal energy to the air handling unit through the fresh air preheater 13; The converted heat energy is stored in the box-type energy storage unit by the device 10, and the solar preheating heat storage unit includes a solar heat collector 12 and a first circulating water pump 11, and the water inlet of the solar heat collector 12 passes through the first circulating water pump 11 and the first circulating water pump 11. The outlet of the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 is connected, the water outlet of the solar collector 12 is connected with the water channel inlet of the fresh air preheater 13, and the water channel outlet of the fresh air preheater 13 is connected with the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 The import is connected.

In this scheme, the specific structure of the multi-source heat pump unit is as follows: the multi-source heat pump unit includes a first compressor 1, a second compressor 6, a condenser 2, an economizer 3, a flash separator 4, an air source evaporator 5, The first heat storage heat exchanger 9, the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, wherein, the first compressor 1 has a low-pressure suction port, a medium-pressure suction port and a high-pressure discharge port, and the second compressor 6 has a low-pressure suction port and the high-pressure exhaust port; the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor 6 are connected to the refrigerant passage inlet of the condenser 2, and the refrigerant passage outlet of the condenser 2 is divided into two Branches, one of which is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure side passage of the economizer 3 through the first throttling component 101, and the outlet of the low-pressure side passage of the economizer 3 is connected to the inlet of the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, and the first storage The outlet of the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the inlet of the flash separator 4, and the other branch of the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser 2 is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure side channel of the economizer 3, and the outlet of the high-pressure side channel of the economizer 3 passes through the second The throttling part 102 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, and the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 is connected to the low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6; the return air port of the flash separator 4 It is connected with the medium-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1, the bottom liquid outlet of the flash separator 4 is connected with the inlet of the air source evaporator 5 through the third throttling part 103, and the refrigerant outlet of the air source evaporator 5 is connected with the The low-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1 is connected; the high-pressure discharge port of the first compressor 1 is provided with a first check valve 201, and the high-pressure discharge port of the second compressor 6 is provided with a second check valve 202. The outlets of the one-way valve 201 and the second one-way valve 202 are connected to the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser 2 in parallel.

In this solution, the pipeline inlet end of the medium-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1 is a U-shaped pipe, and the U-shaped pipe is located below the liquid level inside the flash separator 4, and the U-shaped pipe has air inlet, and a number of oil return holes are formed on the body of the U-shaped pipe. The purpose of such design is: considering that there may be lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the flash separator 4, and the lubricating oil flows together with the refrigerant. The upper gas used in the flash separator 4 returns to the medium-pressure suction port of the second compressor 1, and the lubricating oil contained in the liquid phase part accumulated in the lower part of the flash separator 4 can pass through the U The oil return hole of the U-shaped pipe returns to the first compressor 1, thereby avoiding the loss of lubricating oil. If there is no dual structure of the suction port and the oil return hole of the U-shaped pipe, this part of the lubricating oil cannot return to the compressor. This solution is designed in such a way that the problem of insufficient lubrication of the compressor due to loss of lubricating oil during operation can be avoided.

This embodiment also provides a heating method for a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system. The phase change heat storage tank 8 operates according to the heat storage mode, heat storage and heat release coupling mode, heat release mode, and neither heat storage nor heat release mode. There are four modes of operation in the heat mode, and the specific operation modes are as follows:

First, the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in the heat storage mode: the temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is higher than the ambient temperature, and the solar hot water circulation unit provides the fresh air preheater 13 with the heat and heat required for preheating the fresh air. The phase-change heat storage tank 8 stores the heat required for energy storage. The heat energy of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is first used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater 13, and then used to heat the phase through the second heat storage heat exchanger 10. Change the phase change material of the heat storage tank 8 and store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low-temperature hot water heat energy; the first throttling part 101 is fully opened, and the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part 101 without throttling and reducing pressure. Flowing through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 without heat exchange, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator 5, and the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the second A throttling part 101, an economizer 3, a first heat storage heat exchanger 9, a flash separator 4, a third throttling part 103 and an air source evaporator 5 form a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio to produce heat above 50°C. At the same time, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner through the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, and the exhaust heat is generated by the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the second throttling part 102, and the exhaust air heat. The recoverer 7 forms a heat pump cycle with a low compression ratio to produce hot water above 50°C, and the hot water above 50°C produced by two parallel heat pump cycles provides heat to the air heater 14 to handle the air supply of the air conditioner to achieve double evaporation temperatures The cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the lower compressor reduces the energy consumption of the compressor.

Second, the phase-change heat storage tank 8 works in a coupled mode of heat storage and heat release: the temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is higher than the ambient temperature, and the heat energy of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is first preheated by fresh air The device 13 is used to preheat the fresh air, and then the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 is used to heat the phase change material of the phase change heat storage tank 8 and store heat energy, so as to realize the cascade utilization of low temperature hot water heat energy; when the phase change heat storage When the heat pump unit with dual sources of tank 8 and exhaust air as a low-temperature heat source produces hot water above 50 °C and cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase change heat storage tank 8, exhaust air and the outdoor environment form a three-temperature heat source. A heat storage heat exchanger 9 absorbs the energy storage of the phase change material, the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, and the air source evaporator 5 absorbs the heat of the outdoor environment, and the refrigerant passes through the first throttling component 101 and the second throttle The component 102 and the third throttling component 103 throttling and depressurizing to obtain the three-stage evaporation pressure. The heat recovery device 7 constitutes a heat pump with an intermediate compression ratio to circulate hot water above 50°C. The first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling part 101, the economizer 3, and the first The heat storage heat exchanger 9, the flash separator 4, the third throttling part 103 and the air source evaporator 5 are composed of a dual-source two-stage heat pump with a high compression ratio and a low compression ratio to circulate hot water above 50°C, thereby The hot water above 50°C produced by the three-source heat pump cycle with high, medium, and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to handle air-conditioning air supply, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating of compressors at three evaporation temperatures process, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; or, when the phase-change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water above 50°C to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage The tank 8 and the exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source. The first heat storage heat exchanger 9 absorbs the energy stored in the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 absorbs exhaust air waste heat. The third throttling part 103 is completely closed, and the refrigerant passes through The first throttling part 101 and the second throttling part 102 throttling and reducing the pressure to obtain a two-stage evaporation pressure, the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the economizer 3, and the second throttling part 102. The exhaust air heat recovery device 7 forms a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio to produce hot water above 50°C. The first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling component 101, and the economizer 3. The low compression ratio single-stage heat pump circulation composed of the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and the flash separator 4 produces hot water above 50°C, so that the hot water produced by the medium and low compression ratio dual-source heat pump circulation The hot water above 50°C provides heat to the air heater 14 to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor under the double evaporation temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

Third, the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in heat release mode: when there is no solar energy, such as at night, the phase change heat storage tank 8 of the solar hot water circulation unit provides the heat required for preheating the fresh air to the fresh air preheater 13 and supplies the heat to the fresh air preheater 13. The air heater 14 provides the required part of the heat supply, and the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 absorbs the heat released by the phase change material in the phase change heat storage tank, and is used for preheating the fresh air through the fresh air preheater 13; When the heat pump unit with dual sources of heat storage tank 8 and exhaust air as a low-temperature heat source produces hot water above 50°C and cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase change heat storage tank 8, exhaust air and outdoor environment form a three-temperature position Heat source, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 absorbs the heat released by the phase change material, the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, and the air source evaporator 5 absorbs the heat of the outdoor environment, and the refrigerant passes through the first throttling component 101, the second The second throttling part 102 and the third throttling part 103 throttling and reducing the pressure to obtain a three-stage evaporation pressure. , Exhaust air heat recovery device 7 forms a heat pump with an intermediate compression ratio to circulate hot water above 50°C, and the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling part 101, and the economizer 3 , the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, the flash separator 4, the third throttling part 103 and the air source evaporator 5. The dual-source two-stage heat pump with high compression ratio and low compression ratio circulates to produce heat above 50°C. Water, so that the hot water above 50°C produced by the three-source heat pump cycle with high, medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures Circulating the heating process, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; or, when the phase change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water above 50°C to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase change The variable heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source. The first heat storage heat exchanger 9 absorbs the heat released by the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 absorbs the exhaust air waste heat. The third throttling part 103 is completely closed. The refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling part 101 and the second throttling part 102 to obtain a two-stage evaporation pressure. The second compressor 6, the second one-way valve 202, the condenser 2, the economizer The throttling part 102 and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 form a heat pump with an intermediate compression ratio to circulate hot water above 50°C, and the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, and the first throttling part 101 , economizer 3, first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and flash separator 4, the single-stage heat pump circulation with low compression ratio produces hot water above 50°C, thus, the dual-source heat pump circulation with medium and low compression ratio The prepared hot water above 50° C. provides heat to the air heater 14 to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor under double evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

Its four, the phase-change heat storage tank 8 works with neither heat storage nor heat release mode: the solar hot water circulation unit stops working, and cannot provide the required heat for preheating fresh air to the fresh air preheater 13 at this moment, and the fresh air preheater 13 Not working, the multi-source heat pump unit produces hot water above 50°C only through the exhaust air and the outdoor environment to form a dual-temperature heat source to meet the heating capacity required by the air handling unit; the first throttling part 101 is fully opened, and the refrigerant Flow through the first throttling part but not throttling and reducing pressure, the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 without heat exchange, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator 5, and the first compressor 1. The first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling component 101, the economizer 3, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, the flash separator 4, the third throttling component 103 and the air source evaporator 5 A heat pump cycle with a high compression ratio is used to produce hot water above 50°C. At the same time, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner through the exhaust heat recovery device 7, and the second compressor 6, the second one-way valve 202, The condenser 2, the second throttling part 102, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 form a heat pump cycle with a low compression ratio to produce hot water above 50°C, so that the hot water above 50°C produced by the parallel heat pump cycle with high and low compression ratios The hot water provides heat to the air heater 14 to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor under double evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

The scheme works as follows:

Operation mode one: the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in heat storage mode. The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is higher than the ambient temperature, and the thermal energy of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater 13 first, and then through the second heat storage heat exchanger 10 It is used to heat the phase change material of the phase change heat storage tank 8 and store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low temperature hot water heat energy; the first throttling part 101 is fully opened, and the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part 101 without throttling down. pressure, the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 without heat exchange, and the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator 5, and the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condensation 2, the first throttling component 101, the economizer 3, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, the flash separator 4, the third throttling component 103 and the air source evaporator 5 form a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio, and at the same time , the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner through the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, and is composed of the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the second throttling component 102, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 A heat pump cycle with a low compression ratio is formed, and the cycle flow is specifically: high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor respectively passes through the first check valve from the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor 6 After 201 and the second one-way valve 202 are mixed and discharged, the refrigerant channel flowing into the condenser 2 is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the liquid outlet is divided into two branches, one of which passes through the first throttling part 101 After depressurization, it flows into the economizer 3, does not exchange heat with the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, and then flows into the flash separator 4 for gas-liquid separation, and the medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the flash separator 4 passes through the liquid After the outlet is throttled and depressurized by the third throttling part 103, it flows into the air source evaporator 5, absorbs heat from the outdoor ambient air, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction air of the first compressor 1. The other branch passes through the economizer 3 for heat exchange, and then flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 after being throttled and reduced by the second throttling part 102, absorbing the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporating into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and being inhaled The low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6 completes two parallel heat pump cycle processes. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the two parallel heat pump cycles provides heat to the air heater 14 to process air-conditioning air supply, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at double evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor .

Operation mode two: the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in a heat storage and heat release coupled mode. The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is higher than the ambient temperature, and the thermal energy of the hot water output by the solar collector 12 is first used for preheating the fresh air by the fresh air preheater 13, and then used by the second heat storage heat exchanger 10. It is used to heat the phase change material in the phase change heat storage tank 8 and store heat energy; when the heat pump unit with the phase change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air dual source as a low-temperature heat source produces hot water above 50°C, it cannot meet the heating capacity of the air handling unit When required, the phase change heat storage tank 8, the exhaust air and the outdoor environment form a three-temperature heat source, which consists of the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the economizer 3, the second throttling member 102, The exhaust air heat recovery device 7 forms a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio, consisting of the first compressor 1, the first check valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling component 101, the economizer 3, and the first heat storage heat exchanger 9. The dual-source two-stage heat pump cycle with high compression ratio and low compression ratio composed of the flash separator 4, the third throttling part 103 and the air source evaporator 5, specifically: the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor respectively flows from the first After the high-pressure discharge port of the compressor 1 and the high-pressure discharge port of the second compressor 6 are mixed and discharged through the first check valve 201 and the second check valve 202 respectively, the refrigerant channel flowing into the condenser 2 is condensed into High-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, the liquid outlet is divided into two branches, and one branch flows into the economizer 3 after throttling and reducing pressure through the first throttling part 101, and then absorbs the phase change material through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 The heat released by the phase change evaporates into medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor, and then flows into the flash separator 4 for gas-liquid separation. The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant saturated vapor in the upper part of the flash separator 4 is sucked into the second stage through the gas outlet. A medium-pressure suction port of the compressor 1, the medium-temperature medium-pressure refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the flash separator 4 passes through the liquid outlet and is throttled and depressurized by the third throttling member 103, and then flows into the air source evaporator 5, from The low-temperature ambient air absorbs heat, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1; After being compressed, it flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, absorbs the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6 to complete a three-source heat pump with high, medium and low compression ratios Circular process. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the three-source heat pump cycle with high, medium, and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle system of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures. Thermal process, thereby reducing compressor energy consumption. Alternatively, when the phase-change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air are used as the low-temperature dual-source heat pump unit to produce hot water above 50°C to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air form a dual-temperature Bit heat source, a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio composed of the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the economizer 3, the second throttling part 102, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 produces a temperature above 50°C Hot water, composed of the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling component 101, the economizer 3, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and the flash separator 4 to form a low compression ratio The single-stage heat pump cycle produces hot water above 50°C, specifically: the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor passes through the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor 6 respectively and through the first After the one-way valve 201 and the second one-way valve 202 are mixed and discharged, the refrigerant passage flowing into the condenser 2 is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the liquid outlet is divided into two branches, one of which passes through the first throttling The part 101 flows into the economizer 3 after throttling and lowering the pressure, and then absorbs the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, evaporates into medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor, and then flows into the flash separator 4. Make it all become medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant saturated vapor, which is sucked into the medium-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1 through the upper gas outlet of the flash separator 4; the other branch passes through the economizer 3 for heat exchange, After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttling part 102, it flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, absorbs the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6. , low compression ratio dual-source heat pump cycle process. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to treat the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at double evaporation temperatures. Thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

Operation mode three: the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in heat release mode. When there is no solar energy, such as at night, the phase change thermal storage tank 8 of the solar hot water circulation unit provides the heat required for preheating the fresh air to the fresh air preheater 13 and provides the required part of the heat supply to the air heater 14, and the second storage The heat exchanger 10 absorbs the heat released by the phase change material in the phase change heat storage tank, and is used for preheating the fresh air through the fresh air preheater 13; when the phase change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air dual source are used as a low-temperature heat source heat pump When the hot water above 50°C produced by the unit cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase change heat storage tank 8, the exhaust air and the outdoor environment form a three-temperature heat source, which is composed of the second compressor 6 and the second one-way valve 202 , condenser 2, economizer 3, second throttling part 102, and exhaust air heat recovery device 7 form a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio, which consists of the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first High compression ratio and low compression ratio dual-source two-stage composed of throttling component 101, economizer 3, first heat storage heat exchanger 9, flash separator 4, third throttling component 103 and air source evaporator 5 The heat pump cycle is specifically: high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor passes through the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor 6 respectively through the first check valve 201 and the second check valve After 202 is mixed and discharged, the refrigerant channel flowing into the condenser 2 is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the liquid outlet is divided into two branches, one of which is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling part 101 and then flows into the economizer 3. The heat released by the phase change of the phase change material is absorbed by the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, evaporated into medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor, and then flows into the flash separator 4 for gas-liquid separation. The flash separator 4 The medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant saturated vapor in the upper part is sucked into the medium-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1 through the gas outlet, and the medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the flash separator 4 passes through the liquid outlet and passes through the third throttling part After 103 throttling and reducing pressure, it flows into the air source evaporator 5, absorbs heat from the low-temperature ambient air, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1; the other branch passes through The heat exchange of the economizer 3 flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 after throttling and lowering the pressure of the second throttling part 102, absorbs the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure air of the second compressor 6 The suction port completes the three-source heat pump cycle process with high, medium and low compression ratios. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the three-source heat pump cycle with high, medium, and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle system of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures. Thermal process, thereby reducing compressor energy consumption. Alternatively, when the phase-change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air are used as the low-temperature dual-source heat pump unit to produce hot water above 50°C to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank 8 and the exhaust air form a dual-temperature Bit heat source, a heat pump cycle with an intermediate compression ratio composed of the second compressor 6, the second check valve 202, the condenser 2, the economizer 3, the second throttling part 102, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 produces a temperature above 50°C Hot water, composed of the first compressor 1, the first one-way valve 201, the condenser 2, the first throttling component 101, the economizer 3, the first heat storage heat exchanger 9 and the flash separator 4 to form a low compression ratio The single-stage heat pump cycle produces hot water above 50°C, specifically: the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant vapor passes through the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor 6 respectively and through the first After the one-way valve 201 and the second one-way valve 202 are mixed and discharged, the refrigerant passage flowing into the condenser 2 is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the liquid outlet is divided into two branches, one of which passes through the first throttling The part 101 flows into the economizer 3 after throttling and lowering the pressure, and then absorbs the heat released by the phase change of the phase change material through the first heat storage heat exchanger 9, evaporates into medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant vapor, and then flows into the flash separator 4. Make it all become medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant saturated vapor, which is sucked into the medium-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1 through the upper gas outlet of the flash separator 4; the other branch passes through the economizer 3 for heat exchange, After being throttled and depressurized by the second throttling part 102, it flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, absorbs the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6. , low compression ratio dual-source heat pump cycle process. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to treat the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at double evaporation temperatures. Thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

Operation mode four: the phase change heat storage tank 8 works in a mode of neither heat storage nor heat release. The solar hot water circulation unit stops working. At this time, the fresh air preheater 13 cannot be provided with the heat required to preheat the fresh air. The fresh air preheater 13 does not work. The multi-source heat pump unit produces hot water above 50°C only through exhaust air and outdoor air. The environment forms a dual-temperature heat source to meet the heating capacity required by the air handling unit; the first throttling part 101 is fully opened, the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part but does not throttle and reduce pressure, and the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage exchange The heater 9 has no heat exchange, and the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator 5. 3. The first heat storage heat exchanger 9, the flash separator 4, the third throttling component 103 and the air source evaporator 5 form a heat pump cycle with a high compression ratio. At the same time, the multi-source heat pump unit passes through the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 Absorb waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner, and form a heat pump cycle with a low compression ratio by the second compressor 6, the second one-way valve 202, the condenser 2, the second throttling component 102, and the exhaust air heat recovery device 7, specifically: high temperature The high-pressure refrigerant vapor is mixed and discharged from the high-pressure discharge port of the first compressor 1 and the high-pressure discharge port of the second compressor 6 respectively through the first check valve 201 and the second check valve 202, and flows into the condensing The refrigerant channel of the device 2 is condensed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and the liquid outlet is divided into two branches. One branch flows into the economizer 3 after being throttled and reduced by the first throttling part 101, and is connected with the first heat storage The heat exchanger 9 does not perform heat exchange, and then flows into the flash separator 4, and the medium-temperature and medium-pressure refrigerant liquid at the bottom of the flash separator 4 passes through the liquid outlet and is throttled and depressurized by the third throttling member 103, and then flows into the air source The evaporator 5 absorbs heat from the outdoor ambient air, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the first compressor 1; the other branch passes through the economizer 3 for heat exchange, and passes through the second throttle The component 102 flows into the exhaust air heat recovery device 7 after throttling and reducing the pressure, absorbs the exhaust heat of the air conditioner, evaporates into low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant vapor, and is sucked into the low-pressure suction port of the second compressor 6 to complete the high and low compression ratio. Parallel heat pump cycle flow. Therefore, the hot water above 50°C produced by the parallel heat pump cycle with high and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater 14 to handle air-conditioning air supply, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of compressors at double evaporation temperatures, thereby Reduce compressor energy consumption.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with this field Those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, may use the technical content disclosed above to make some changes or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as they do not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, the Technical Essence Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system, characterized in that: comprising an air handling unit, a solar preheating thermal storage unit, a phase change energy storage unit and a multi-source heat pump unit; The air processing unit includes a fresh air duct and an exhaust duct, and the fresh air duct is provided with an air heater; the air flow in the fresh air duct is heated by the air heater; The solar preheating thermal storage unit is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy, and provide the heat energy to the air handling unit and/or the phase change energy storage unit; The multi-source heat pump unit provides the converted heat energy to the air handling unit through the air heater; The phase change energy storage unit includes a phase change heat storage tank, a first heat storage heat exchanger and a second heat storage heat exchanger, which are used to realize energy transfer between the solar preheating heat storage unit and the multi-source heat pump unit and energy storage; the first heat storage heat exchanger and the second heat storage heat exchanger are arranged in the phase change heat storage tank, wherein the inlet and outlet ends of the second heat storage heat exchanger are connected with the solar energy preheating heat storage The units are connected, and the inlet and outlet ends of the first heat storage heat exchanger are connected with the multi-source heat pump unit. 2. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a solar heat storage unit; The solar preheating heat storage unit includes a solar heat collector and a first circulating water pump, and the water inlet of the solar heat collector is connected to the pipeline outlet of the second heat storage heat exchanger through the first circulating water pump; The fresh air duct is also provided with a fresh air preheater, the fresh air preheater is located at the air inlet side of the air heater, and the fresh air preheater is used to preheat the fresh air entering the fresh air duct; the fresh air preheater includes a water channel and The air channel, the water outlet of the solar collector is connected with the water channel inlet of the fresh air preheater, the water channel outlet of the fresh air preheater is connected with the inlet of the second heat storage heat exchanger, and the two ends of the air pipe of the fresh air preheater Connected to the fresh air duct. 3. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the multi-element heat pump unit includes a first compressor and a condenser, and the first compressor includes a low-pressure intake air mouth, medium-pressure air inlet and high-pressure exhaust port, the condenser includes a water channel and a refrigerant channel, the refrigerant channel inlet of the condenser is connected with the high-pressure exhaust port of the first compressor, and the cooling of the condenser The agent channel outlet is connected with the inlet of the first heat storage heat exchanger, the air heater includes a water channel and an air channel, the water channel inlet and outlet of the air heater are connected with the water channel inlet and outlet of the condenser, and the air heater Both ends of the air passage are connected with the fresh air pipe, and are used to exchange heat with the medium in the air passage in the air heater, so as to heat the air medium in the fresh air pipe. 4. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the outlet of the first heat storage heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the flash separator, and the flash separator It also includes a gas return port and a liquid discharge port, the gas return port of the flash separator is connected to the medium-pressure air inlet of the first compressor, and the liquid discharge port of the steam separator is throttled down by the third throttling part. After being compressed, it is connected with the refrigerant inlet of the air source evaporator, and the refrigerant outlet of the air source evaporator is connected with the low pressure air inlet of the first compressor. 5. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air conditioning system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the pipeline inlet end of the medium pressure inlet of the first compressor is a U-shaped pipe, and the The U-shaped tube is located below the liquid level of the flash separator, the end of the U-shaped tube is provided with the air return port, and a number of oil return holes are formed on the surface of the U-shaped tube, and the oil return port is formed on the surface of the U-shaped tube. The holes are used to bring lubricating oil in the liquid medium of the flash separator into the first compressor along with the return air. 6. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that: the exhaust air duct is provided with an exhaust air heat recovery device, and the exhaust air heat recovery device is used for To recover the waste heat of the exhaust pipe, the exhaust heat recovery device includes an air passage and a refrigerant passage, the air passage of the exhaust heat recovery device is connected with the exhaust pipe, and the refrigerant passage of the exhaust heat recovery device is connected to multiple The source heat pump unit is connected. 7. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the multi-source heat pump unit further includes a second compressor, the second compressor has a low-pressure air inlet and a high-pressure The exhaust port, the high-pressure exhaust port of the second compressor is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser, the low-pressure air inlet of the second compressor is connected with the refrigerant of the exhaust air heat recovery device The channel exit is connected. 8. A solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system according to claim 7, characterized in that it also includes an economizer, the economizer has a low-pressure channel and a high-pressure channel capable of heat exchange, and the high-pressure channel of the economizer The inlet is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser, and the outlet of the high-pressure channel of the economizer is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the exhaust heat recovery device through the second throttling component; the inlet of the low-pressure channel of the economizer passes through the first section The flow part is connected with the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condenser, and the outlet of the low-pressure channel of the economizer is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the first heat storage heat exchanger. 9. A heating method for a solar energy storage multi-source heat pump air-conditioning system, characterized in that: the specific operation steps of the heating method are as follows: according to heat storage mode, heat storage and heat release coupling mode, heat release mode and neither There are four modes of operation in the heat storage and heat release mode; The phase change heat storage tank works in heat storage mode: The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector is higher than the ambient temperature, and the solar preheating thermal storage unit provides the fresh air preheater with the heat required for preheating the fresh air and the heat required for the phase change heat storage tank to store energy. The output of the solar collector The thermal energy of hot water is firstly used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater, and then used to heat the phase change material of the phase change heat storage tank through the second heat storage heat exchanger and store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low temperature hot water heat energy; The first throttling part is fully opened, the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part but does not throttle and reduce pressure, the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger without heat exchange, and the multi-source heat pump unit passes through the air source evaporator from the outdoor The environment absorbs heat; at the same time, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs waste heat from the exhaust air of the air conditioner through the exhaust air heat recovery device, and the hot water produced by the two parallel heat pump cycles provides heat to the air heater to process the air supply of the air conditioner to achieve double evaporation The cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at low temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; The phase change heat storage tank works in the coupled mode of heat storage and heat release: The temperature of the hot water output by the solar collector is higher than the ambient temperature. The heat energy of the hot water output by the solar collector is first used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater, and then used to heat the phase change heat storage through the second heat storage heat exchanger. The phase change material of the tank can store heat energy to realize cascaded utilization of low-temperature hot water heat energy; when the multi-source heat pump unit as a low-temperature heat source cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, The phase change heat storage tank, the exhaust air heat recovery device and the air source evaporator form a three-temperature heat source. The first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the energy storage of the phase change material, and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs exhaust air waste heat and air source evaporation. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the outdoor environment, and the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling part, the second throttling part and the third throttling part to obtain three-stage evaporation pressure; The hot water produced at a certain temperature provides heat to the air heater to process the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at three evaporation temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; Or, when the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water at a certain temperature to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source , the first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the energy storage of the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, the third throttling part is completely closed, and the refrigerant is throttled through the first throttling part and the second throttling part The pressure is reduced to obtain two-stage evaporation pressure, and the hot water produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle system of the compressor under dual evaporation temperatures. heat process, thereby reducing compressor energy consumption; The phase change heat storage tank works in heat release mode: When there is no solar energy, the phase change heat storage tank provides the fresh air preheater with the heat required to preheat the fresh air and the air heater with the required part of the heat supply, and the second heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the heat in the phase change heat storage tank The heat released by the phase change material is used to preheat the fresh air through the fresh air preheater; when the dual sources of the phase change heat storage tank and the exhaust air heat recovery device cannot meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase change heat storage tank, The exhaust air heat recovery device and the air source evaporator form a three-temperature heat source, the first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the heat released by the phase change material, the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the waste heat of the exhaust air, and the air source evaporator absorbs the heat of the outdoor environment , the refrigerant is throttled and decompressed by the first throttling part, the second throttling part and the third throttling part to obtain a three-stage evaporation pressure; thus a certain The hot water of high temperature provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor at three evaporating temperatures, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; Or, when the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air are used as low-temperature dual-source heat pump units to produce hot water at a certain temperature to fully meet the heating demand of the air handling unit, the phase-change heat storage tank and exhaust air form a dual-temperature heat source , the first heat storage heat exchanger absorbs the heat released by the phase change material and the exhaust air heat recovery device absorbs the exhaust air waste heat, the third throttling part is completely closed, and the refrigerant is throttled through the first throttling part and the second throttling part The pressure is reduced to obtain two-stage evaporation pressure, and the hot water at a certain temperature produced by the dual-source heat pump cycle with medium and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner, and realizes the cascade compression of the compressor at double evaporation temperatures The heat pump circulates the heating process, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor; The phase change heat storage tank works in the mode of neither heat storage nor heat release: The solar heat storage energy storage unit stops working. At this time, the heat required for preheating the fresh air cannot be provided to the fresh air preheater. The fresh air preheater does not work. temperature source to meet the heating capacity required by the air handling unit; the first throttling part is fully opened, the refrigerant flows through the first throttling part but does not throttle and reduce pressure, and the refrigerant flows through the first heat storage heat exchanger without Heat exchange, the multi-source heat pump unit absorbs heat from the outdoor environment through the air source evaporator, so that the hot water at a certain temperature produced by the parallel heat pump cycle with high and low compression ratios provides heat to the air heater to handle the air supply of the air conditioner. Realize the cascade compression heat pump cycle heating process of the compressor under the dual evaporation temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the compressor.

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