CN106839217A - De- electrically independent operation combined type heat pump air conditioner system and its control method - Google Patents
De- electrically independent operation combined type heat pump air conditioner system and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000031709 bromination Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005893 bromination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940059936 lithium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 33
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010033799 Paralysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统及其控制方法。它解决现有空调热泵系统运行稳定性差的问题。包括基于光伏光热利用的空气源热泵系统，基于光伏光热利用的空气源热泵系统以内燃机输出的机械能作为的输入能源向建筑物提供冷热量；光伏换热器的光电板通过线路与逆变控制器、蓄电池依次连接构成发电系统向系统供电。余热回收系统采用两种余热利用方式，在冬季运行时，余热作为高温热源来进一步加热系统回水；在夏季运行时，余热作为溴化锂吸收式制冷机组的驱动热源。本发明是一种能源利用率高、环境污染小、运行成本低、运行稳定的新型绿色高效热泵空调系统。
The invention discloses a composite heat pump air-conditioning system with de-electricity independent operation and a control method thereof. It solves the problem of poor operation stability of the existing air-conditioning heat pump system. Including the air source heat pump system based on photovoltaic photothermal utilization, the air source heat pump system based on photovoltaic photothermal utilization uses the mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine as the input energy to provide cooling and heat to the building; the photovoltaic panel of the photovoltaic heat exchanger passes the line and the inverter The transformer controller and battery are connected in turn to form a power generation system to supply power to the system. The waste heat recovery system adopts two waste heat utilization methods. During winter operation, the waste heat is used as a high-temperature heat source to further heat the return water of the system; during summer operation, the waste heat is used as the driving heat source of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit. The invention is a novel green high-efficiency heat pump air-conditioning system with high energy utilization rate, low environmental pollution, low operation cost and stable operation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于空调节能设备技术领域，具体涉及一种脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统及其控制方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of air-conditioning and energy-saving equipment, and in particular relates to a composite heat pump air-conditioning system with de-electricity and independent operation and a control method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
随着人们生活水平的不断提高，人们对生活和工作环境的舒适度及洁净度要求愈来愈高。因此，我国大部分地区的建筑都具有冬季供热、夏季空调及全年提供生活热水的多重需求，电动热泵虽然在冷热源及系统内部采用了各种较为先进的节能技术而具有较高的能量利用率，但由于我国的电网电力大多是由燃煤电厂供应，增加用电设备基本上等同于增加环境污染，因此从提高大气环境质量及减少温室气体排放角度考虑有必要推广其它能源的建筑冷热源系统。以天然气或其他燃料为输入能源的内燃机热泵空调系统具有高效、节能、安全、环保等众多优点而日益受到广泛的关注。With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the comfort and cleanliness of living and working environments. Therefore, buildings in most areas of our country have multiple demands for heating in winter, air conditioning in summer and domestic hot water throughout the year. However, since most of my country's grid power is supplied by coal-fired power plants, increasing electrical equipment is basically equivalent to increasing environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the use of other energy sources from the perspective of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Building cold and heat source system. Internal combustion engine heat pump air-conditioning systems that use natural gas or other fuels as input energy have many advantages such as high efficiency, energy saving, safety, and environmental protection, and have attracted more and more attention.
对于常规燃气热泵系统的辅助设备如风机、水泵、控制仪器等仍然需要消耗少量电力供应，这些电力要由电网提供，因此系统不能脱离电网独立运行，一旦由于出现电力供应紧张而出现电力供应中断它们也将同电力空调一样陷入瘫痪。因此脱电独立运行燃气热泵系统成为人们关注的重点。从目前公开发表的资料看，脱电独立运行燃气热泵系统主要有以下几种方式实现：1.燃气机拖动发电机来实现系统独立运行[CN201310010199.1]，由于燃气机热泵系统需要根据负荷变化调节发动机的转速，因此该方式存在系统容量调节和发电机恒速之间的矛盾，同时由于发电机发电效率相对较低，能源浪费相对较大；2.利用太阳能光伏发电来实现系统独立运行[CN201310365773.5]，由于太阳能电池吸收的太阳辐射大部分没有被转变为电能，而是升高了电池的温度，电池温度的升高又减小了太阳能电池的光电转换效率，因此该方式存在光电转换效率与电池温度升高之间的矛盾；同时燃气热泵末端水泵由于功率较大，耗电量较多，而太阳能发电受外界环境影响较大，很难保证系统完全独立于电网运行；3.光电光热综合利用来实现系统独立运行[CN 201410222276.4]，该专利只说明冬季供热时光电光热综合利用的方法，没有给出夏季供冷时光热与光电利用方式，存在一定的局限性。The auxiliary equipment of the conventional gas heat pump system, such as fans, water pumps, control instruments, etc. still need to consume a small amount of power supply, which must be provided by the grid, so the system cannot operate independently from the grid, once the power supply is interrupted due to power supply shortage It will also be paralyzed with the electric air conditioner. Therefore, the independent operation of the gas heat pump system without electricity has become the focus of attention. From the currently published data, there are mainly the following ways to realize the independent operation of the gas heat pump system without electricity: 1. The gas engine drives the generator to realize the independent operation of the system [CN201310010199.1]. The rotation speed of the engine is adjusted by changing, so there is a contradiction between the system capacity adjustment and the constant speed of the generator in this method. At the same time, due to the relatively low power generation efficiency of the generator, the energy waste is relatively large; 2. Using solar photovoltaic power generation to realize the independent operation of the system [CN201310365773.5], because most of the solar radiation absorbed by the solar cell is not converted into electrical energy, but increases the temperature of the battery, and the increase of the battery temperature reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell, so this method exists The contradiction between the photoelectric conversion efficiency and the temperature rise of the battery; at the same time, the end water pump of the gas heat pump consumes more power due to its large power, while solar power generation is greatly affected by the external environment, so it is difficult to ensure that the system is completely independent of the power grid; 3 .Comprehensive utilization of photoelectricity, light and heat to realize independent operation of the system [CN 201410222276.4], this patent only describes the method of comprehensive utilization of photoelectricity, light and heat for heating in winter, and does not provide the way of using light, heat and light for cooling in summer, which has certain limitations .
对于燃气热泵技术研究一个很重要的方面就是余热利用技术，目前对于燃气热泵余热利用主要用于供热或提供生活热水，但是在天气炎热的夏季，不需要供热而且对热水的需求量相对较少，因此大量的余热不能有效的利用，能源浪费十分严重。因此，解决提高燃气热泵系统的余热利用率，减轻电力系统的负担，提高冬夏季太阳能光伏光热利用效率等问题具有十分重要的意义。A very important aspect of gas heat pump technology research is waste heat utilization technology. At present, waste heat utilization of gas heat pumps is mainly used for heating or domestic hot water, but in hot summer, there is no need for heat supply and the demand for hot water Relatively few, so a lot of waste heat can not be effectively used, energy waste is very serious. Therefore, it is of great significance to solve the problems of improving the waste heat utilization rate of the gas heat pump system, reducing the burden on the power system, and improving the utilization efficiency of solar photovoltaic light and heat in winter and summer.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对上述问题，提供一种将太阳能光伏光热利用技术、内燃机热泵技术、吸收式制冷技术以及多级传动技术有机结合的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a de-electricity independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system that organically combines solar photovoltaic photothermal utilization technology, internal combustion engine heat pump technology, absorption refrigeration technology and multi-stage transmission technology.
本发明的另一个目的是针对上述问题，提供一种自动化程度高、脱电独立运行的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统。Another object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a composite heat pump air-conditioning system with high degree of automation and independent operation without electricity.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用了下列技术方案：本脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统，其特征在于，本系统包括压缩机，所述的压缩机出口端通过管道依次与所述的四通换向阀、板式换热器和电子膨胀阀连接，在所述的电子膨胀阀出口管路分别连接有光伏光热利用系统和热泵空调系统，所述的热泵空调系统包括相互并联的光伏换热器和翅片管换热器，所述的光伏光热利用系统包括与光伏换热器相连的逆变控制器，所述的逆变控制器通过蓄电池与用电侧相连，所述的压缩机通过第一电磁离合变速器与多级机械传动机构相连，且所述的多级机械传动机构与内燃机连接，本系统还包括余热回收系统，且所述的余热回收系统包括与板式换热器相连的用户侧回水管路，且所述的用户侧回水管路分别连接有第一回水管路和第二回水管路。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: This de-electricity independent operation compound heat pump air-conditioning system is characterized in that the system includes a compressor, and the outlet end of the compressor is sequentially connected to the four-way through a pipeline. The reversing valve, the plate heat exchanger and the electronic expansion valve are connected, and the outlet pipeline of the electronic expansion valve is respectively connected with a photovoltaic photothermal utilization system and a heat pump air conditioning system, and the heat pump air conditioning system includes photovoltaic heat exchange systems connected in parallel and a finned tube heat exchanger, the photovoltaic photothermal utilization system includes an inverter controller connected to the photovoltaic heat exchanger, the inverter controller is connected to the power side through a battery, and the compressor The first electromagnetic clutch transmission is connected to the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism, and the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism is connected to the internal combustion engine. The system also includes a waste heat recovery system, and the waste heat recovery system includes a plate heat exchanger. The user-side return water pipeline, and the user-side return water pipeline is respectively connected with a first return water pipeline and a second water return pipeline.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的电子膨胀阀出口管路分为两路；所述的电子膨胀阀一路与所述的翅片管换热器和第一电磁阀相连；电子膨胀阀另一路与光伏换热器的制冷剂管路和第二电磁阀相连；所述的第一电磁阀出口与第二电磁阀出口通过管路连接后依次与所述的四通换向阀，且所述的四通换向阀与压缩机进口相连。In the above-mentioned combined heat pump air-conditioning system with de-energized independent operation, the outlet pipeline of the electronic expansion valve is divided into two circuits; The other way of the electronic expansion valve is connected with the refrigerant pipeline of the photovoltaic heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve; the outlet of the first solenoid valve and the outlet of the second solenoid valve are connected with the four-way A reversing valve, and the four-way reversing valve is connected with the inlet of the compressor.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的光伏换热器的冷却水管路通过管道依次与第七截止阀和蓄热水箱以及第八截止阀连接构成冷却水回路，所述光伏换热器的制冷剂回路通过制冷剂管道分别与翅片管换热器和第二电磁阀相连。In the above de-energized independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system, the cooling water pipeline of the photovoltaic heat exchanger is connected with the seventh shut-off valve, the heat storage tank and the eighth shut-off valve to form a cooling water circuit through pipelines. The refrigerant circuit of the photovoltaic heat exchanger is respectively connected with the finned tube heat exchanger and the second solenoid valve through refrigerant pipes.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的第一回水管路包括通过管道与用户侧回水管路依次相连的板式换热器和用户侧循环水泵，所述的用户侧循环水泵出口管路分为两路；所述的用户侧循环水泵一路通过管道与所述的第九截止阀和所述的第十截止阀相连；所述的用户侧循环水泵另一路与所述的第一截止阀相连；所述的第一截止阀出口分为两路；所述的第一截止阀一路通过管道依次与缸套水换热器、烟气换热器以及第二截止阀相连，所述的第一截止阀另一路连接有溴化锂制冷机组高温水回路，且所述的溴化锂制冷机组高温水回路包括通过管道与第一截止阀依次相连的第五截止阀、高温水水泵以及溴化锂制冷机组的高温管路，所述的溴化锂制冷机组的高温管路依次与高温水箱、第六截止阀以及烟气换热器相连。In the above-mentioned combined heat pump air-conditioning system with de-energized independent operation, the first return water pipeline includes a plate heat exchanger and a user-side circulating water pump that are sequentially connected to the user-side return water pipeline through pipelines, and the user-side circulation The water pump outlet pipeline is divided into two paths; one path of the user-side circulating water pump is connected to the ninth stop valve and the tenth stop valve through a pipeline; the other path of the user-side circulating water pump is connected to the The first shut-off valve is connected; the outlet of the first shut-off valve is divided into two routes; the first shut-off valve is connected to the jacket water heat exchanger, the flue gas heat exchanger and the second shut-off valve in turn through a pipeline. The other path of the first shut-off valve is connected to the high-temperature water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit, and the high-temperature water circuit of the lithium-bromide refrigeration unit includes a fifth shut-off valve, a high-temperature water pump, and a lithium bromide refrigeration unit that are sequentially connected to the first shut-off valve through pipelines. The high-temperature pipeline of the unit, the high-temperature pipeline of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit is connected with the high-temperature water tank, the sixth shut-off valve and the flue gas heat exchanger in sequence.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的第二回水管路包括通过与用户侧回水管路相连的溴化锂制冷机组冷冻水回路，所述的溴化锂制冷机组冷冻水回路包括与用户侧回水管路相连的第三截止阀，所述的第三截止阀通过溴化锂制冷机组的冷冻水管路依次与第四截止阀和第二截止阀出口管路相连。In the above de-energized independent operation compound heat pump air-conditioning system, the second return water pipeline includes a lithium bromide refrigeration unit chilled water circuit connected to the user side return water pipeline, and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit chilled water circuit includes a The third shut-off valve connected to the return water pipeline on the user side, the third shut-off valve is connected to the fourth shut-off valve and the outlet pipeline of the second shut-off valve in turn through the chilled water pipeline of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的溴化锂制冷机组连接有溴化锂制冷机组冷却水回路，且所述的溴化锂制冷机组冷却水回路包括与溴化锂制冷机组的冷却水管路相连的冷却水水泵，所述的冷却水水泵与空冷塔相连。In the above de-energized independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system, the lithium bromide refrigeration unit is connected with a lithium bromide refrigeration unit cooling water loop, and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit cooling water circuit includes a cooling water circuit connected to the lithium bromide refrigeration unit cooling water pipeline A cooling water pump, the cooling water pump is connected with the air cooling tower.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的用户侧循环水泵、冷却水水泵和高温水水泵分别通过第二电磁离合变速器、第三电磁离合变速器、第四电磁离合变速器与多级机械传动机构相连，且所述的用户侧循环水泵、冷却水水泵和高温水水泵的启停控制及转速控制均通过电磁离合变速器进行控制。In the above de-energized independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system, the user-side circulating water pump, cooling water pump and high-temperature water pump pass through the second electromagnetic clutch transmission, the third electromagnetic clutch transmission, the fourth electromagnetic clutch transmission and the multiple The stage mechanical transmission mechanism is connected, and the start-stop control and speed control of the user-side circulating water pump, cooling water pump and high-temperature water pump are all controlled by an electromagnetic clutch transmission.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的光伏换热器包括相互平行设置的第一铝合金板和第二铝合金板，所述的光伏换热器的冷却水管路和制冷剂回路依次交替设置在第一铝合金板和第二铝合金板之间，且所述的第一铝合金板一侧通过导热胶依次设有若干光电玻璃板，所述的第二铝合金板外侧表面设有绝热材料层。In the above-mentioned combined heat pump air-conditioning system with de-energized independent operation, the photovoltaic heat exchanger includes a first aluminum alloy plate and a second aluminum alloy plate arranged parallel to each other, and the cooling water pipeline of the photovoltaic heat exchanger and Refrigerant circuits are alternately arranged between the first aluminum alloy plate and the second aluminum alloy plate, and one side of the first aluminum alloy plate is sequentially provided with several photoelectric glass plates through heat-conducting glue, and the second aluminum alloy plate is The outer surface of the board is provided with a heat insulating material layer.
在上述的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统中，所述的冷却水管路和制冷剂回路的横截面均呈正方形且冷却水管路和制冷剂回路互不相通。In the above de-energized independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system, the cross-sections of the cooling water pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are square, and the cooling water pipeline and the refrigerant circuit are not connected to each other.
基于上述脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统的脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统的控制方法如下所述：本脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统的控制方法，包括下述步骤：The control method of the hybrid heat pump air-conditioning system based on the above-mentioned de-electricity independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system is as follows: The control method of the de-electricity independent operation composite heat pump air-conditioning system includes the following steps:
A、冬季运行:光伏换热器和翅片管换热器并联使用，光伏换热器表面的光电板吸收太阳光后产生电能，一部分作为电能储存在蓄电池中，一部分向系统供电，余热回收系统将余热作为高温热源来进一步加热系统回水，余热回收系统提供系统供水温度；A. Winter operation: The photovoltaic heat exchanger and the finned tube heat exchanger are used in parallel. The photovoltaic panels on the surface of the photovoltaic heat exchanger absorb sunlight to generate electric energy. The waste heat is used as a high-temperature heat source to further heat the return water of the system, and the waste heat recovery system provides the system water supply temperature;
B、夏季运行:光伏换热器只作为发电不作为换热使用，翅片管换热器作为冷凝器使用，余热回收系统将余热余热作为余热回收系统的驱动热源，将热量转化为冷量向用户侧供冷。B. Summer operation: The photovoltaic heat exchanger is only used for power generation and not for heat exchange. The finned tube heat exchanger is used as a condenser. The waste heat recovery system uses waste heat as the driving heat source of the waste heat recovery system to convert heat into cold energy. Cooling on the user side.
与现有的技术相比，本发明的优点在于：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of:
1.本发明在冬季运行，当太阳辐射强度较好时，一方面通过光伏换热器吸收太阳能发电向系统供电，同时将多余的电量通过蓄电池储存起来供阴雨天气和晚上使用，另一方面通过制冷剂流经光伏换热器时吸收太阳能电池发电所产生的热量作为热泵系统的低温热源，提高蒸发器的蒸发温度，有利于提高热泵系统的能效比，当阴雨天气或晚上时，本发明通过电动三通阀自动切换，利用翅片管换热器吸收室外空气中的热量作为低温热源向用户侧供热。1. The present invention operates in winter. When the solar radiation intensity is good, on the one hand, the solar power is absorbed by the photovoltaic heat exchanger to supply power to the system; When the refrigerant flows through the photovoltaic heat exchanger, it absorbs the heat generated by the solar cell as the low-temperature heat source of the heat pump system, and increases the evaporation temperature of the evaporator, which is conducive to improving the energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump system. When it is rainy or at night, the present invention passes The electric three-way valve is automatically switched, and the finned tube heat exchanger is used to absorb the heat in the outdoor air as a low-temperature heat source to supply heat to the user side.
2.本发明在夏季运行时，通过电动三通阀自动切换，利用翅片管换热器将室内的热量排放到室外空气中，同时打开光伏换热器蓄热水箱侧阀门，利用水的自然循环带走却光伏换热器由于发电所产生的热量，不但提高光伏电池的光电转换效率，而且可以将热量储存在蓄热水箱中作为生活热水使用。2. When the present invention is running in summer, it automatically switches through the electric three-way valve, uses the finned tube heat exchanger to discharge the heat in the room to the outdoor air, and simultaneously opens the side valve of the hot water storage tank of the photovoltaic heat exchanger to utilize the water Natural circulation takes away the heat generated by the photovoltaic heat exchanger due to power generation, which not only improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, but also stores the heat in the heat storage tank for use as domestic hot water.
3.为了减少系统用电设备的用电量，保证系统能完全独立于电网运行，本发明采用多级机械传动机构，系统中所有水泵的驱动动力均通过内燃机提供，发电系统只为控制系统和翅片管换热器风机提供所需的少量电力，大大降低系统用电量。同时，系统中各个水泵的启停及转速流量控制均通过电磁离合变速器进行控制，实现能量最优分配。3. In order to reduce the power consumption of the system's electrical equipment and ensure that the system can operate completely independently of the grid, the present invention adopts a multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism. The driving power of all water pumps in the system is provided by the internal combustion engine, and the power generation system is only for the control system and The finned tube heat exchanger fan provides the small amount of power required, greatly reducing system power consumption. At the same time, the start-stop and speed flow control of each water pump in the system are controlled by the electromagnetic clutch transmission to achieve optimal energy distribution.
4.对于内燃机余热的利用，在冬季作为高温热源进一步加热系统回水；在夏季用于驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷机组向末端供冷，不但最大限度的提高了内燃机热泵余热利用效率，节约能源，同时也可最优化匹配系统冬夏季的负荷，减小机组设计容量，节约投资成本。4. For the utilization of the waste heat of the internal combustion engine, it is used as a high-temperature heat source in winter to further heat the return water of the system; It can also optimally match the load of the system in winter and summer, reduce the design capacity of the unit, and save investment costs.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
图2是本发明的光伏换热器结构剖面图；Fig. 2 is a structural sectional view of the photovoltaic heat exchanger of the present invention;
图中，压缩机1、板式换热器2、电子膨胀阀3、翅片管换热器4、四通换向阀5、光伏换热器6、光电玻璃板61、第一铝合金板62、第二铝合金板63、绝热材料层64、冷却水管路65、制冷剂回路66、逆变控制器7、蓄电池8、空冷塔9、第一电磁阀10、第二电磁阀11、内燃机12、缸套水换热器13、烟气换热器14、溴化锂制冷机组15、用户侧循环水泵16、冷却水水泵17、高温水水泵18、多级机械传动机构19、第一电磁离合变速器20、第二电磁离合变速器21、第三电磁离合变速器22、第四电磁离合变速器23、高温水箱24、蓄热水箱25、第一截止阀26、第二截止阀27、第三截止阀28、第四截止阀29、第五截止阀30、第六截止阀31、第七截止阀32、第八截止阀33、第九截止阀34、第十截止阀35。In the figure, compressor 1, plate heat exchanger 2, electronic expansion valve 3, finned tube heat exchanger 4, four-way reversing valve 5, photovoltaic heat exchanger 6, photoelectric glass plate 61, first aluminum alloy plate 62 , second aluminum alloy plate 63, heat insulating material layer 64, cooling water pipeline 65, refrigerant circuit 66, inverter controller 7, battery 8, air cooling tower 9, first solenoid valve 10, second solenoid valve 11, internal combustion engine 12 , cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 13, flue gas heat exchanger 14, lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15, user side circulating water pump 16, cooling water pump 17, high temperature water pump 18, multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19, first electromagnetic clutch transmission 20 , the second electromagnetic clutch speed changer 21, the third electromagnetic clutch speed changer 22, the fourth electromagnetic clutch speed changer 23, the high temperature water tank 24, the hot water storage tank 25, the first stop valve 26, the second stop valve 27, the third stop valve 28, The fourth stop valve 29 , the fifth stop valve 30 , the sixth stop valve 31 , the seventh stop valve 32 , the eighth stop valve 33 , the ninth stop valve 34 , and the tenth stop valve 35 .
具体实施方式detailed description
如图1和图2所示，本脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统，包括压缩机1，所述的压缩机1出口端通过管道依次与四通换向阀5、板式换热器2和电子膨胀阀3连接，在电子膨胀阀3出口管路分别连接有光伏光热利用系统和热泵空调系统，热泵空调系统包括相互并联的光伏换热器6和翅片管换热器4，光伏光热利用系统包括与光伏换热器6相连的逆变控制器7，逆变控制器7通过蓄电池8与用电侧相连，压缩机1通过第一电磁离合变速器20与多级机械传动机构19相连，且多级机械传动机构19与内燃机12连接，本系统还包括余热回收系统，且余热回收系统包括与板式换热器2相连的用户侧回水管路，且用户侧回水管路分别连接有第一回水管路和第二回水管路，热泵空调系统由两个室外换热器并联组成，一个是所述的光伏换热器6，一个是所述的翅片管换热器4。冬季运行时，两个换热器并联使用，通过两个换热器的制冷剂流量根据出口制冷剂的过热度通过电磁阀进行控制；夏季运行时，光伏换热器6只作为发电不作为换热使用，翅片管换热器4作为冷凝器使用，其中，这里的余热回收系统采用两种余热利用方式，在冬季运行时，余热作为高温热源来进一步加热系统回水，提供系统供水温度，减少供水流量，从而减少水泵功率消耗，节约能源；在夏季运行时，余热作为溴化锂吸收式制冷机组的驱动热源，将热量转化为冷量向用户侧供冷，不但最大限度利用余热，而且减少热泵系统的供冷量，有效的节约能源，系统产生的冷凝热和吸收热有所述的空冷器进行冷却排放到室外大气中。As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the compound heat pump air-conditioning system for de-energized independent operation includes a compressor 1, and the outlet end of the compressor 1 is sequentially connected with the four-way reversing valve 5, the plate heat exchanger 2 and the The electronic expansion valve 3 is connected, and the outlet pipeline of the electronic expansion valve 3 is respectively connected with a photovoltaic photothermal utilization system and a heat pump air conditioning system. The heat pump air conditioning system includes a photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 and a finned tube heat exchanger 4 connected in parallel. The heat utilization system includes an inverter controller 7 connected to the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6, the inverter controller 7 is connected to the power consumption side through the battery 8, and the compressor 1 is connected to the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 through the first electromagnetic clutch transmission 20 , and the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 is connected to the internal combustion engine 12. This system also includes a waste heat recovery system, and the waste heat recovery system includes a user-side return water pipeline connected to the plate heat exchanger 2, and the user-side return water pipeline is respectively connected to the second A return water line and a second return water line. The heat pump air conditioning system is composed of two outdoor heat exchangers connected in parallel, one is the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 and the other is the finned tube heat exchanger 4 . During winter operation, the two heat exchangers are used in parallel, and the refrigerant flow through the two heat exchangers is controlled by the solenoid valve according to the superheat of the outlet refrigerant; For heat use, the finned tube heat exchanger 4 is used as a condenser. Among them, the waste heat recovery system here adopts two waste heat utilization methods. During winter operation, the waste heat is used as a high-temperature heat source to further heat the return water of the system and provide the system water supply temperature. Reduce the flow of water supply, thereby reducing the power consumption of water pumps and saving energy; when running in summer, the waste heat is used as the driving heat source of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit, and the heat is converted into cold energy to supply cooling to the user side, which not only maximizes the use of waste heat, but also reduces heat pumps. The cooling capacity of the system effectively saves energy, and the condensation heat and absorption heat generated by the system are cooled by the air cooler and discharged to the outdoor atmosphere.
其中，这里的电子膨胀阀3出口管路分为两路；电子膨胀阀3一路与翅片管换热器4和第一电磁阀10相连；电子膨胀阀3另一路与光伏换热器6的制冷剂管路和第二电磁阀11相连；第一电磁阀10出口与第二电磁阀11出口通过管路连接后依次与四通换向阀5，且四通换向阀5与压缩机1进口相连。Among them, the outlet pipeline of the electronic expansion valve 3 here is divided into two paths; one path of the electronic expansion valve 3 is connected with the finned tube heat exchanger 4 and the first electromagnetic valve 10; the other path of the electronic expansion valve 3 is connected with the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 The refrigerant pipeline is connected to the second solenoid valve 11; the outlet of the first solenoid valve 10 and the outlet of the second solenoid valve 11 are connected to the four-way reversing valve 5 in turn through the pipeline, and the four-way reversing valve 5 is connected to the compressor 1 The import is connected.
这里的光伏换热器6的冷却水管路65通过管道依次与第七截止阀32和蓄热水箱25以及第八截止阀33连接构成冷却水回路，所述光伏换热器6的制冷剂回路66通过制冷剂管道分别与翅片管换热器4和第二电磁阀11相连，光电玻璃板由于发电产生的热量通过制冷剂换热回路作为热泵系统的低温热源使用；在夏季运行时，光电玻璃由于发电产生的热量通过冷却水回路被水吸收，并将热量通过蓄热水箱25储存起来作为生活热水使用。Here, the cooling water pipeline 65 of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 is connected to the seventh shut-off valve 32, the hot water storage tank 25 and the eighth shut-off valve 33 through pipelines to form a cooling water circuit. The refrigerant circuit of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 66 are respectively connected to the finned tube heat exchanger 4 and the second solenoid valve 11 through refrigerant pipes, and the heat generated by the photoelectric glass plate due to power generation is used as a low-temperature heat source of the heat pump system through the refrigerant heat exchange circuit; during summer operation, the photoelectric The heat generated by the glass due to power generation is absorbed by the water through the cooling water circuit, and the heat is stored in the heat storage tank 25 for use as domestic hot water.
其中，这里的第一回水管路包括通过管道与用户侧回水管路依次相连的板式换热器2和用户侧循环水泵16，用户侧循环水泵16出口管路分为两路；用户侧循环水泵16一路通过管道与第九截止阀34和第十截止阀35相连；用户侧循环水泵16另一路与第一截止阀26相连；第一截止阀26出口分为两路；第一截止阀26一路通过管道依次与缸套水换热器13、烟气换热器14以及第二截止阀27相连，第一截止阀26另一路连接有溴化锂制冷机组高温水回路，且溴化锂制冷机组高温水回路包括通过管道与第一截止阀26依次相连的第五截止阀30、高温水水泵18以及溴化锂制冷机组15的高温管路，溴化锂制冷机组15的高温管路依次与高温水箱24、第六截止阀31以及烟气换热器14相连，高温水水泵18、冷却水泵17、压缩机1和用户侧循环水泵16通过所述的多级机械传动机构9和电磁离合变速器与内燃机12连接，由内燃机12提供动力。Wherein, the first return water pipeline here includes the plate heat exchanger 2 and the user-side circulating water pump 16 which are successively connected to the user-side return water pipeline through pipelines, and the outlet pipeline of the user-side circulating water pump 16 is divided into two paths; the user-side circulating water pump 16 is connected to the ninth shut-off valve 34 and the tenth shut-off valve 35 through pipelines; the other route of the user-side circulating water pump 16 is connected to the first shut-off valve 26; the outlet of the first shut-off valve 26 is divided into two ways; The pipes are sequentially connected to the jacket water heat exchanger 13, the flue gas heat exchanger 14, and the second shut-off valve 27. The other way of the first shut-off valve 26 is connected to the high-temperature water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit, and the high-temperature water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit includes The fifth cut-off valve 30, the high-temperature water pump 18 and the high-temperature pipeline of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15 connected successively with the first shut-off valve 26 through the pipeline, the high-temperature pipeline of the lithium-bromide refrigeration unit 15 is connected with the high-temperature water tank 24 and the sixth shut-off valve 31 successively And the flue gas heat exchanger 14 is connected, the high-temperature water pump 18, the cooling water pump 17, the compressor 1 and the user side circulating water pump 16 are connected with the internal combustion engine 12 through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 9 and the electromagnetic clutch transmission, and are provided by the internal combustion engine 12. power.
这里的第二回水管路包括通过与用户侧回水管路相连的溴化锂制冷机组冷冻水回路，溴化锂制冷机组冷冻水回路包括与用户侧回水管路相连的第三截止阀28，第三截止阀28通过溴化锂制冷机组15的冷冻水管路依次与第四截止阀29和第二截止阀27出口管路相连。Here, the second return water pipeline includes the chilled water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit connected to the return water pipeline on the user side, and the chilled water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit includes a third shut-off valve 28 connected to the return water pipeline on the user side. The third shut-off valve 28 The chilled water pipeline passing through the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15 is connected with the outlet pipeline of the fourth shut-off valve 29 and the second shut-off valve 27 in sequence.
优选地，这里的溴化锂制冷机组15连接有溴化锂制冷机组冷却水回路，且溴化锂制冷机组冷却水回路包括与溴化锂制冷机组15的冷却水管路65相连的冷却水水泵17，冷却水水泵17与空冷塔9相连。Preferably, the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15 here is connected with a lithium bromide refrigeration unit cooling water circuit, and the lithium bromide refrigeration unit cooling water circuit includes a cooling water pump 17 connected to the cooling water pipeline 65 of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15, and the cooling water pump 17 is connected to the air cooling tower 9 connected.
这里的用户侧循环水泵16、冷却水水泵17和高温水水泵18分别通过第二电磁离合变速器21、第三电磁离合变速器22、第四电磁离合变速器23与多级机械传动机构19相连，且用户侧循环水泵16、冷却水水泵17和高温水水泵18的启停控制及转速控制均通过电磁离合变速器进行控制。The user-side circulating water pump 16, the cooling water pump 17 and the high-temperature water pump 18 here are connected to the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 through the second electromagnetic clutch transmission 21, the third electromagnetic clutch transmission 22, and the fourth electromagnetic clutch transmission 23 respectively, and the user The start-stop control and speed control of the side circulation water pump 16, the cooling water pump 17 and the high-temperature water pump 18 are all controlled by the electromagnetic clutch transmission.
如图2所示，这里的光伏换热器6包括相互平行设置的第一铝合金板62和第二铝合金板63，光伏换热器6的冷却水管路65和制冷剂回路66依次交替设置在第一铝合金板62和第二铝合金板63之间，且第一铝合金板62一侧通过导热胶依次设有若干光电玻璃板61，第二铝合金板63外侧表面设有绝热材料层64，防止热量损失。这里的冷却水管路65和制冷剂回路66的横截面均呈正方形且冷却水管路65和制冷剂回路66互不相通。As shown in Figure 2, the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 here includes a first aluminum alloy plate 62 and a second aluminum alloy plate 63 arranged parallel to each other, and the cooling water pipeline 65 and the refrigerant circuit 66 of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 are arranged alternately in sequence Between the first aluminum alloy plate 62 and the second aluminum alloy plate 63, and one side of the first aluminum alloy plate 62 is sequentially provided with several photoelectric glass plates 61 through heat-conducting glue, and the outer surface of the second aluminum alloy plate 63 is provided with heat insulating material Layer 64, prevents heat loss. Here, the cross sections of the cooling water pipeline 65 and the refrigerant circuit 66 are both square, and the cooling water pipeline 65 and the refrigerant circuit 66 do not communicate with each other.
本脱电独立运行复合式热泵空调系统的控制方法，包括下述步骤：The control method of the composite heat pump air-conditioning system for de-energized independent operation includes the following steps:
A、冬季运行:光伏换热器6和翅片管换热器4并联使用，光伏换热器6表面的光电板吸收太阳光后产生电能，一部分作为电能储存在蓄电池8中，一部分向系统供电，余热回收系统将余热作为高温热源来进一步加热系统回水，余热回收系统提供系统供水温度；A. Winter operation: the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 and the finned tube heat exchanger 4 are used in parallel, and the photovoltaic panels on the surface of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 absorb sunlight to generate electric energy, a part of which is stored in the storage battery 8 as electric energy, and a part of which supplies power to the system , the waste heat recovery system uses waste heat as a high-temperature heat source to further heat the return water of the system, and the waste heat recovery system provides the system water supply temperature;
B、夏季运行:光伏换热器6只作为发电不作为换热使用，翅片管换热器4作为冷凝器使用，余热回收系统将余热余热作为余热回收系统的驱动热源，将热量转化为冷量向用户侧供冷。B. Summer operation: the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 is only used for power generation and not for heat exchange, the finned tube heat exchanger 4 is used as a condenser, and the waste heat recovery system uses waste heat as the driving heat source of the waste heat recovery system to convert heat into cold The amount of cooling is supplied to the user side.
具体工作过程如下：The specific working process is as follows:
本发明在冬季运行时，系统处于供热模式，关闭第三截止阀28、第四截止阀29、第五截止阀30、第六截止阀31、第七截止阀32、第八截止阀33、第九截止阀34和第十截止阀35，打开第一截止阀26和第二截止阀27，断开第三电磁离合变速器22和第四电磁离合变速器23，合上第一电磁离合变速器20和第二电磁离合变速器21，四通换向阀5换向，使得板式换热器2为冷凝器，翅片管换热器4或光伏换热器6为蒸发器。When the present invention operates in winter, the system is in the heating mode, and the third shut-off valve 28, the fourth shut-off valve 29, the fifth shut-off valve 30, the sixth shut-off valve 31, the seventh shut-off valve 32, the eighth shut-off valve 33, The ninth shut-off valve 34 and the tenth shut-off valve 35 open the first shut-off valve 26 and the second shut-off valve 27, disconnect the third electromagnetic clutch speed changer 22 and the fourth electromagnetic clutch speed changer 23, close the first electromagnetic clutch speed changer 20 and The second electromagnetic clutch transmission 21 is switched by the four-way reversing valve 5, so that the plate heat exchanger 2 is a condenser, and the finned tube heat exchanger 4 or photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 is an evaporator.
当室外太阳辐射强度较强且通过光伏换热器吸收的热量满足热泵供热需求时，关闭第一电磁阀10，打开第二电磁阀11，内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19驱动压缩机1运行，高温高压的制冷剂蒸汽在板式换热器2中放热冷凝成高温高压的液态制冷剂，高温高压的液态制冷剂经过电子膨胀阀3节流后变成低温低压的气液两相制冷剂，低温低压的气液两相制冷剂进入光伏换热器6后吸收来自太阳能光电板发电产生的热量后变成低温低压的气态制冷剂蒸汽，随后进入到压缩机1中压缩成高温高压的气态制冷剂形成一个循环。同时光伏换热器6表面的光电板吸收太阳光后产生电能，一部分作为电能储存在蓄电池8中，一部分向系统供电。When the outdoor solar radiation intensity is strong and the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic heat exchanger meets the heating demand of the heat pump, the first solenoid valve 10 is closed, the second solenoid valve 11 is opened, and the internal combustion engine 12 drives the compressor 1 through a multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 In operation, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam releases heat and condenses into a high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the plate heat exchanger 2, and the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigeration after being throttled by the electronic expansion valve 3 The low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 and absorbs the heat generated by the solar photovoltaic panel to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant steam, and then enters the compressor 1 to be compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant forms a cycle. At the same time, the photoelectric panels on the surface of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 absorb sunlight to generate electric energy, a part of which is stored in the storage battery 8 as electric energy, and a part of which supplies power to the system.
内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19驱动用户侧循环水泵，为用户侧循环水提供循环动力，用户侧回水通过板式换热器2后吸收高温高压的制冷剂冷凝产生的冷凝热，温度升高后进入到缸套水换热器13和烟气换热器14后进一步吸收内燃机余热提升温度后向用户供水。The internal combustion engine 12 drives the user-side circulating water pump through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 to provide circulating power for the user-side circulating water. After the user-side return water passes through the plate heat exchanger 2, it absorbs the condensation heat generated by the condensation of high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant, and the temperature rises. After entering the jacket water heat exchanger 13 and the flue gas heat exchanger 14, it further absorbs the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to raise the temperature and then supplies water to the user.
当室外太阳辐射强度较弱且通过光伏换热器吸收的热量不能满足热泵供热需求时，同时打开第一电磁阀10和第二电磁阀11，通过出口制冷剂的过热度自动调节第一电磁阀10和第二电磁阀11的开度，使得一部分制冷剂进入光伏换热器6吸收热量，另一部分制冷剂进入翅片管换热器4中吸收室外空气的热量，从而保证热泵系统正常运行。When the outdoor solar radiation intensity is weak and the heat absorbed by the photovoltaic heat exchanger cannot meet the heat supply demand of the heat pump, the first electromagnetic valve 10 and the second electromagnetic valve 11 are opened at the same time, and the first electromagnetic valve is automatically adjusted by the superheat degree of the outlet refrigerant. The opening of the valve 10 and the second solenoid valve 11 allows a part of the refrigerant to enter the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 to absorb heat, and another part of the refrigerant enters the finned tube heat exchanger 4 to absorb the heat of the outdoor air, thus ensuring the normal operation of the heat pump system .
当室外为阴雨天气和晚上时，打开第一电磁阀10，关闭第二电磁阀11，热泵系统通过翅片管换热器4吸收室外空气的热量来保证系统正常运行。When the outdoor is rainy and at night, the first electromagnetic valve 10 is opened, the second electromagnetic valve 11 is closed, and the heat pump system absorbs the heat of the outdoor air through the finned tube heat exchanger 4 to ensure the normal operation of the system.
本发明在夏季运行时，系统处于供冷模式，关闭第一截止阀26和第二截止阀27，打开第三截止阀28、第四截止阀29、第五截止阀30、第六截止阀31、第七截止阀32、第八截止阀33、第九截止阀34和第十截止阀35。合上第一电磁离合变速器20、第二电磁离合变速器21、第三电磁离合变速器22和第四电磁离合变速器23，四通换向阀5换向，使得板式换热器2为蒸发器，翅片管式换热器2为冷凝器。When the present invention is running in summer, the system is in the cooling mode, close the first shut-off valve 26 and the second shut-off valve 27, open the third shut-off valve 28, the fourth shut-off valve 29, the fifth shut-off valve 30, and the sixth shut-off valve 31 , the seventh stop valve 32 , the eighth stop valve 33 , the ninth stop valve 34 and the tenth stop valve 35 . Close the first electromagnetic clutch speed changer 20, the second electromagnetic clutch speed changer 21, the third electromagnetic clutch speed changer 22 and the fourth electromagnetic clutch speed changer 23, and the four-way reversing valve 5 is reversed, so that the plate heat exchanger 2 is an evaporator, and the fins The fin-and-tube heat exchanger 2 is a condenser.
内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19和第一电磁离合变速器20驱动压缩机1运行，高温高压的气态制冷剂进入翅片管换热器4将热量放给室外空气后变成高温高压的液态制冷剂，高温高压的液态制冷剂经电子膨胀3节流后变成低温低压的气液两相制冷剂，气液两相制冷剂进入板式换热器2吸热后变成低温低压的气态制冷剂，随后进入压缩机压缩成高温高压的气态制冷剂形成一个循环。The internal combustion engine 12 drives the compressor 1 to run through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 and the first electromagnetic clutch transmission 20. The high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the finned tube heat exchanger 4 and releases heat to the outdoor air to become high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigeration. The high-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant after being throttled by the electronic expansion 3, and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant enters the plate heat exchanger 2 to absorb heat and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant , and then enter the compressor to be compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to form a cycle.
在夏季制冷运行时，光伏换热器6的主要作用是利用光电板发电，同时打开第七截止阀32和第八截止阀33，利用水的自然循环带走由于光电板发电产生的热量，不但提高光电板的光电转换效率，而且通过蓄热水箱25将热量储存起来作为生活热水使用。During the cooling operation in summer, the main function of the photovoltaic heat exchanger 6 is to use the photovoltaic panel to generate electricity, and open the seventh stop valve 32 and the eighth stop valve 33 at the same time, and use the natural circulation of water to take away the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel. Improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel, and store the heat through the hot water storage tank 25 for use as domestic hot water.
内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19和第二电磁离合变速器21驱动用户侧循环水泵16，为用户侧循环水提供循环动力，用户侧回水分为两路：一路通过板式换热器2将热量释放给低温低压的气液两相制冷剂后温度降低，经过第九截止阀34和第十截止阀35所在的旁通管后向用户侧供冷冻水；另一路经过第三截止阀28进入溴化锂吸收式制冷机组15的冷冻水管路，放出热量温度降低后，经过第四截止阀29向用户供冷冻水。The internal combustion engine 12 drives the user-side circulating water pump 16 through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 and the second electromagnetic clutch transmission 21 to provide circulating power for the user-side circulating water. After feeding the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, the temperature drops, and then supplies chilled water to the user side through the bypass pipe where the ninth stop valve 34 and the tenth stop valve 35 are located; the other path passes through the third stop valve 28 and enters the lithium bromide absorption The chilled water pipeline of the type refrigerating unit 15 supplies chilled water to the user through the fourth shut-off valve 29 after the temperature of the released heat is lowered.
溴化锂制冷机组冷却水回路主要用于冷却溴化锂制冷机组内部溶液吸收热和冷凝热，冷却水经过冷却水水泵17进入溴化锂制冷机组15，吸收溴化锂制冷机组15中的溶液吸收热和冷凝热后进入到空冷塔9中，将吸收的热量释放给空气冷却后重新进入冷却水水泵17，形成一个冷却循环。内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19驱动冷却水水泵，为冷却水提供循环动力。The cooling water circuit of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit is mainly used for cooling the internal solution absorption heat and condensation heat of the lithium bromide refrigeration unit. The cooling water enters the lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15 through the cooling water pump 17, and enters into the In the air-cooling tower 9, the absorbed heat is released to the air for cooling and then re-enters the cooling water pump 17 to form a cooling cycle. The internal combustion engine 12 drives the cooling water pump through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 to provide circulating power for the cooling water.
溴化锂吸收式制冷机组15的驱动热源主要来自于内燃机回收的余热，从溴化锂吸收式制冷机组15高温管路中流出的中温水经过高温水水泵18、第五截止阀30后进入到缸套水换热器13和烟气换热器14吸热后变成90℃左右的高温水，高温水经过第六截止阀31和高温水箱24后进入溴化锂吸收式制冷机组，驱动溴化锂制冷机组运行放出热量后变成中温水重新进入高温水水泵18，形成一个循环。内燃机12通过多级机械传动机构19和第四电磁离合变速器23驱动高温水水泵，为高温水循环提供动力。The driving heat source of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit 15 mainly comes from the waste heat recovered from the internal combustion engine. The medium temperature water flowing out of the high temperature pipeline of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit 15 passes through the high temperature water pump 18 and the fifth shut-off valve 30 and then enters the cylinder jacket water exchanger. Heater 13 and flue gas heat exchanger 14 absorb heat and become high-temperature water at about 90°C. The high-temperature water enters the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit after passing through the sixth stop valve 31 and high-temperature water tank 24, and drives the lithium bromide refrigeration unit to run to release heat. Become middle temperature water and enter high temperature water water pump 18 again, form a cycle. The internal combustion engine 12 drives the high-temperature water pump through the multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19 and the fourth electromagnetic clutch transmission 23 to provide power for the high-temperature water cycle.
本发明将太阳能蓄热技术、太阳能发电技术、内燃机燃烧技术、吸收式制冷技术、余热利用技术、热泵技术、换热原理、自动控制等技术有机的结合起来，实现了系统冬季供热、夏季空调的双重需求，同时，最大限度的提高了内燃机热泵余热利用效率，节约了能源，是一种能源利用率高、环境污染小、运行成本低、运行稳定的新型绿色高效热泵空调系统。The present invention organically combines technologies such as solar heat storage technology, solar power generation technology, internal combustion engine combustion technology, absorption refrigeration technology, waste heat utilization technology, heat pump technology, heat exchange principle, automatic control, etc., and realizes system heating in winter and air conditioning in summer At the same time, it maximizes the waste heat utilization efficiency of the internal combustion engine heat pump and saves energy. It is a new type of green high-efficiency heat pump air conditioning system with high energy utilization rate, low environmental pollution, low operating cost and stable operation.
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or adopt similar methods to replace them, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.
尽管本文较多地使用了压缩机1、板式换热器2、电子膨胀阀3、翅片管换热器4、四通换向阀5、光伏换热器6、光电玻璃板61、第一铝合金板62、第二铝合金板63、绝热材料层64、冷却水管路65、制冷剂回路66、逆变控制器7、蓄电池8、空冷塔9、第一电磁阀10、第二电磁阀11、内燃机12、缸套水换热器13、烟气换热器14、溴化锂制冷机组15、用户侧循环水泵16、冷却水水泵17、高温水水泵18、多级机械传动机构19、第一电磁离合变速器20、第二电磁离合变速器21、第三电磁离合变速器22、第四电磁离合变速器23、高温水箱24、蓄热水箱25、第一截止阀26、第二截止阀27、第三截止阀28、第四截止阀29、第五截止阀30、第六截止阀31、第七截止阀32、第八截止阀33、第九截止阀34、第十截止阀35等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。Although this paper uses compressor 1, plate heat exchanger 2, electronic expansion valve 3, finned tube heat exchanger 4, four-way reversing valve 5, photovoltaic heat exchanger 6, photoelectric glass plate 61, first Aluminum alloy plate 62, second aluminum alloy plate 63, heat insulating material layer 64, cooling water pipeline 65, refrigerant circuit 66, inverter controller 7, battery 8, air cooling tower 9, first solenoid valve 10, second solenoid valve 11. Internal combustion engine 12, cylinder jacket water heat exchanger 13, flue gas heat exchanger 14, lithium bromide refrigeration unit 15, user side circulating water pump 16, cooling water pump 17, high temperature water pump 18, multi-stage mechanical transmission mechanism 19, the first Electromagnetic clutch transmission 20, second electromagnetic clutch transmission 21, third electromagnetic clutch transmission 22, fourth electromagnetic clutch transmission 23, high temperature water tank 24, heat storage tank 25, first stop valve 26, second stop valve 27, third Stop valve 28, fourth stop valve 29, fifth stop valve 30, sixth stop valve 31, seventh stop valve 32, eighth stop valve 33, ninth stop valve 34, tenth stop valve 35 and other terms, but not The possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only for the purpose of describing and explaining the essence of the present invention more conveniently; interpreting them as any kind of additional limitation is against the spirit of the present invention.
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