CN116004953A - Hub bearing induction quenching inductor - Google Patents

Hub bearing induction quenching inductor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116004953A
CN116004953A CN202211719572.6A CN202211719572A CN116004953A CN 116004953 A CN116004953 A CN 116004953A CN 202211719572 A CN202211719572 A CN 202211719572A CN 116004953 A CN116004953 A CN 116004953A
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induction
section
workpiece
quenching
sections
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CN116004953B (en
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陈海涛
粟敏
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Chongqing Changjiang Bearing Co Ltd
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Chongqing Changjiang Bearing Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of induction quenching, and particularly discloses a hub bearing induction quenching inductor which comprises a busbar and an induction coil, wherein the induction coil is of a single turn, the induction coil comprises three induction sections distributed at different heights, adjacent induction sections on circumferential projection are connected through longitudinal connecting sections, one of the induction sections on one height is used for quenching a shaft shoulder of a workpiece, and the induction sections on the other two heights are respectively used for quenching an upper channel and a lower channel of the workpiece. The scheme is used for solving the problems that the production efficiency is low or quenching cracks are easy to occur when induction quenching is performed on the large inner ring of the automobile hub bearing at present.

Description

Hub bearing induction quenching inductor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of induction quenching, in particular to a hub bearing induction quenching inductor.
Background
When the large inner ring of the automobile hub bearing is subjected to induction quenching, a shaft shoulder (101 in fig. 1), an upper channel (arc channel, 102 in fig. 1), a lower channel (arc channel, 103 in fig. 1) and a flange are sequentially machined along the axial direction of the bearing, the upper channel and the lower channel are smoothly transited, two turns of inductors are adopted to perform rotary quenching at all times during quenching, one turn is sleeved on the shaft shoulder, the other turn is sleeved on the channel, and the upper channel and the lower channel are adjacent, so that the induction coils are inconvenient to be arranged up and down simultaneously, and the same turn of coil is adopted to perform simultaneous heating. But this approach also has the following problems:
the existence of the arc channels and the existence of the shaft shoulders lead the workpiece to be heated unevenly, the temperature of the edge of the shaft shoulders of the protrusions of the workpiece and the transition positions of the two channels is higher, the temperature of the root parts of the channels is lower, in order to quench the root parts of the channels, the heating time is prolonged, or the power of an inductor is increased, but the heating time is prolonged, and the production efficiency is reduced; increasing the power can increase the temperature of the shoulder edge and the transition position of the two channels, so that quenching cracks appear at the two positions.
Because the upper channel and the lower channel are in arc transition, the problem that the workpiece channel is heated unevenly and the heat shape is poor exists in the upper channel and the lower channel which are heated simultaneously by one turn of the induction coil, meanwhile, the depth of a heating layer is too deep at the edge of a shaft shoulder or the corner position of the adjacent channel easily, on one hand, the structure is thicker after quenching, and on the other hand, quenching cracks can occur when the temperature is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hub bearing induction quenching inductor so as to solve the problems that the production efficiency is low or quenching cracks are easy to occur when the existing induction quenching is performed on the large inner ring of an automobile hub bearing.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a wheel hub bearing induction hardening inductor, includes busbar and induction coil, and the induction coil is single circle, and the induction coil is including distributing the three induction section at different altitudes, forms the connection through the longitudinal connecting section that is equipped with between the adjacent induction section on the circumference projection, and the induction section on one of them altitude is used for quenching for work piece shaft shoulder, and the induction section on remaining two altitudes is used for quenching for the last channel of work piece and lower channel respectively.
The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows: in practical application, the induction coil with a single turn is divided into three induction sections with different heights, so that the shaft shoulder, the upper channel and the lower channel are respectively provided with the corresponding induction sections; in addition, the upper and lower channels in the scheme are respectively provided with the corresponding induction sections, so that the condition of high heating heat quantity at the transition positions of the upper and lower channels is avoided, and the probability of quenching cracks at the transition positions between the upper and lower channels is greatly reduced.
In addition, in prior art, if adopt single circle induction coil to heat the upper and lower channel simultaneously, can have to lengthen the time of heating or increase the power of inductor because of the quenching condition that needs to take into account the channel root, but this scheme is because the inductor is single circle and is located not co-altitude, so the projection of three-layer induction section on the bearing terminal surface staggers the setting, so can set up the induction section that corresponds upper channel or lower channel and be close to the channel root more, improves heating efficiency and heating homogeneity, and then improves production efficiency. Meanwhile, after the induction sections of the middle layer and the induction sections of the lower layer are staggered, the heating heat of the transition positions of the upper channel and the lower channel is reduced, so that the quenching temperature is more uniform, the depth of a hardening layer is more uniform, and the probability of quenching cracks at the transition positions of the two channels due to the fact that the heating time is prolonged is reduced.
Besides, the adjacent induction sections on the circumferential projection are connected through the longitudinal connecting sections, longitudinal current exists on the longitudinal connecting sections when the bearing is used, and corresponding longitudinal current exists on the surface of the workpiece due to the longitudinal current, so that longitudinal heating is formed on the workpiece, and along with continuous rotation of the workpiece in the quenching process, the workpiece is heated from the shaft shoulder to the lower channel in the longitudinal direction, so that the continuity of the quenching layer in the axial direction of the bearing is ensured, and the quality of the bearing after quenching is further improved.
Preferably, as a modification, the cross section of the sensing section comprises V-shaped protruding parts, the tips of the V-shaped protruding parts are provided with arc chamfers, and the tips of the V-shaped protruding parts are used for facing the root of the channel or the root of the shaft shoulder.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the induction section with square or trapezoid cross section, the induction section of the scheme can enable the inductor to be closer to the root of the channel or the root of the shaft shoulder, meanwhile, the characteristic that the non-tip part of the V-shaped bulge is gradually far away from the workpiece is utilized, the distance difference between the induction section and each position of the channel or the shaft shoulder is reduced and evenly transited, the continuity of hardening layer by layer is better, and the quality of the bearing is improved.
Preferably, as an improvement, the circular arc chamfer is similar to the shape of the root of the corresponding channel or the root of the shaft shoulder of the workpiece, and the circular arc chamfer has the size of R2-R3. According to the research of the inventor, when the tip of the V-shaped protruding portion is a chamfer or an arc angle is too small, the condition that the resistance of the tip is too large and the current density is too small can be found, in the condition, the heating heat for the root of the shaft shoulder and the root of the channel is low, quenching is not facilitated, and the arrangement of R2 and R3 in the scheme enables the tip to be closer to the root of the channel or the root of the shaft shoulder, so that the inductor is conveniently placed closer to a workpiece, gaps are reduced, and heating efficiency is improved.
Preferably, as an improvement, the bottom surface of the V-shaped protruding part of the induction section for quenching the lower channel of the workpiece is parallel to the edge of the channel, the cross section of the induction section for quenching the lower channel further comprises a rectangular part, the rectangular part is in butt joint with the V-shaped protruding part, the rectangular part is obliquely arranged upwards relative to the end surface of the workpiece, and a space exists between the intersection line of the rectangular part and the V-shaped protruding part and the hole on the end surface of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece.
When the scheme is adopted, because the inner ring of the automobile hub bearing is provided with the hole on the flange end face, the lower channel is close to the flange end face, if the induction section does not improve the section, the flange end face is heated to generate oxidation color, the appearance quality of the bearing is affected, the subsequent working position has to be increased to remove the oxidation color, meanwhile, the hole on the end face can cause quenching crack of the hole site due to the influence of sharp angle effect caused by induction quenching, and the strength of a product is greatly reduced; in this scheme, through the design to the induction section cross section of lower channel response for the induction section is little to the heating of flange terminal surface, reduces and avoids the condition that the flange terminal surface produced the oxidation look even, and the intersection of rectangle portion and V-arrangement bellying exists radial interval with the hole on the work piece terminal surface simultaneously, greatly reduced the condition that sharp angle effect produced, be favorable to guaranteeing the quality in hole on the work piece, guarantee the intensity of bearing.
Preferably, as a modification, the radius of the sensing section from top to bottom in the three sensing sections is larger, and the larger the radius, the larger the angle at which the sensing section scans the workpiece is.
This scheme is when practical application, because the shaft shoulder position is protruding structure, its channel that receives sharp angle effect more easily and relative below heats too fast, and be located the upper channel in the centre because of the part has the heating about the work piece, and heat all can be to the centre transmission, so it is faster than lower channel to heat up, and this scheme is through giving the biggest scanning angle of lower channel response section in order to make the work piece upper and lower position be heated evenly.
Preferably, as a modification, the angle of the induction section scanning workpiece at the lower layer is 130 degrees, the angle of the induction section scanning workpiece at the middle layer is 120 degrees, and the angle of the induction section scanning workpiece at the upper layer is 110 degrees.
Preferably, as an improvement, the induction sections are all fixed with magnetizers, and the V-shaped protruding parts of the induction sections extend out of the magnetizers. Through the arrangement of the magnetizer, current is expelled to the surface of the V-shaped protruding part of the induction coil, which is close to a workpiece channel or a shaft shoulder, so that the heating efficiency of the workpiece is further improved.
Preferably, as a modification, the magnetizers on the same sensing section are arranged at intervals. Through setting up the interval to the magnetizer for each position that the work piece was heated by induction section all experiences the stage of intensification, keeps warm and intensifies, simultaneously because the induction section has certain length, when the work piece former part underwent the heat preservation, its adjacent part was experiencing the intensification, just also ensured that each position of the work piece that is in the induction quenching part equally was heated more evenly, and the thermal profile is better, is favorable to the control of deformation, reduces the deflection after the work piece quenching.
In addition, by arranging the magnetizers at intervals, the magnetizers can be made relatively short along the length of the induction section, and the magnetizers stacked by the steel sheets are convenient to install on the induction section. Besides, the magnetic conductors are arranged at intervals to achieve better driving effect, meanwhile, current is not excessively distributed to the surface, so that the service life of the inductor is influenced, and the current in the middle of the adjacent magnetic conductors has the characteristic of flowing along the shortest path, and the current in the middle of the free section tends to the surface, so that the current in the middle of the magnetic conductors just plays a role in buffering, and the service life of the inductor is further prolonged.
Preferably, as a modification, the magnetizer is a silicon steel sheet magnetizer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a large inner race of a hub bearing in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of each sensing section and a workpiece according to a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the bus bar 1, an upper layer induction section 2, an upper induction section 21, an upper induction section 22, a middle layer induction section 3, a middle layer induction section 31, a middle layer induction section 32, a lower layer induction section 4, a longitudinal connecting section 5, a V-shaped protruding part 6, a rectangular part 7, a magnetizer 8, a workpiece 10, a shaft shoulder 101, an upper channel 102 and a lower channel 103.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, a hub bearing induction quenching inductor comprises a transformer, a connecting plate, a busbar 1 and an induction coil, wherein the transformer is used for providing alternating current for the induction coil through the connecting plate and the busbar 1, the number of the busbar 1 and the connecting plate is two, the connecting plate is used for connecting the transformer and the busbar 1, and the busbar 1 is connected with the induction coil simultaneously.
The induction coil is single turn, and the induction coil includes three induction sections of distributing at different co-altitude, forms the connection through the vertical linkage segment 5 that is equipped with between the adjacent induction section on the circumference projection, and three induction sections are called upper induction section 2, middle level induction section 3 and lower floor's induction section 4 respectively, and upper strata induction section 2 is used for quenching for work piece 10 shaft shoulder 101, and middle level induction section 3 is used for quenching for last channel 102, and lower floor's induction section 4 is used for quenching for lower channel 103. In this embodiment, the upper induction section 2 includes an upper induction section one 21 and an upper induction section two 22, the upper induction section one 21 and the upper induction section two 22 are respectively connected with the middle induction section 3 and the lower induction section 4 through the longitudinal connection section 5, the free ends of the upper induction section one 21 and the upper induction section two 22 are respectively connected with the two bus bars 1, and the middle induction section 3 and the lower induction section 4 are connected at adjacent ends through the longitudinal connection section 5.
The radius of the sensing section from top to bottom of the three sensing sections is larger, and the larger the radius, the larger the angle at which the sensing section scans the workpiece 10. The angle of the lower layer induction section 4 for scanning the workpiece 10 is 130 degrees, the angle of the middle layer induction section 3 for scanning the workpiece 10 is 120 degrees, and the angle of the upper layer induction section 2 for scanning the workpiece 10 is 110 degrees.
The cross section of each induction section comprises a V-shaped protruding portion 6, the tip end of the V-shaped protruding portion 6 is provided with an arc chamfer in a machining mode, the tip end of the V-shaped protruding portion 6 faces the root of a channel or the root of a shaft shoulder 101, the arc chamfer is similar to the shape of the root of the corresponding channel or the root of the shaft shoulder 101, and the arc chamfer is R2-R3. Every response section is hollow structure, and hollow structure is inside to be used for leading to the cooling water, is equipped with the hole for water spraying on the response section, and the hole for water spraying sets up at V-arrangement bellying 6 to make the cooling water blowout more rapidly.
The cross sections of the middle-layer induction section 3 and the lower-layer induction section 4 also comprise rectangular parts 7, the rectangular parts 7 are in butt joint with the V-shaped protruding parts 6, the rectangular parts 7 are obliquely arranged upwards relative to the end faces of the workpieces 10, the intersecting line between the rectangular parts 7 on the lower-layer induction section 4 and the V-shaped protruding parts 6 and the holes on the flange end faces of the workpieces 10 are spaced along the radial direction of the workpieces 10, and the bottom faces of the V-shaped protruding parts 6 on the lower-layer induction section 4 are parallel to the edges of the channels. So as to reduce or even avoid the situation that the flange end face of the workpiece 10 generates oxidation color, greatly reduce the sharp angle effect generated by the workpiece 10 at the hole site, be favorable to ensuring the quality of the hole on the workpiece 10 and ensure the strength of the bearing.
The magnetizer 8 is fixed on each induction section, in this embodiment, the cross section of the magnetizer 8 is U-shaped, and the magnetizer 8 is wrapped on the reverse side of the V-shaped protruding portion 6 of the induction section, that is, the V-shaped protruding portion 6 of the induction section extends out of the magnetizer 8. The magnetizers 8 on the same induction section are arranged at intervals. The magnetizer 8 is a silicon steel sheet magnetizer 8.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
when the inductor is adopted to carry out induction quenching on the large inner ring of the automobile hub bearing, induction sections with different heights on the inductor are respectively opposite to the shaft shoulder 101, the upper channel 102 and the lower channel 103, so that V-shaped protrusions on the induction sections are opposite to the root of the shaft shoulder 101/the root of the upper channel 102/the root of the lower channel 103, gaps of 1-3mm exist between the tips of the V-shaped protrusions and the workpiece 10, and the tips of the V-shaped protrusions are profiled with corresponding roots.
After the inductor is started, the workpiece 10 rotates, induction sections with different heights quench the workpiece 10 at different heights respectively, and because the induction sections are connected through the longitudinal connecting section 5, the currents of the upper, middle and lower three different induction sections are equal, and the three different induction sections are 360 degrees in the scanning of the workpiece 10, so that the workpiece 10 is heated left and right simultaneously, the deformation of the workpiece 10 at the incomplete uniformity of the initial quenching temperature is reduced, and meanwhile, the temperature transmission at the upper and lower different positions of the workpiece 10 is mutually transmitted at the initial quenching stage, so that the temperature uniformity of the workpiece 10 can be quickly achieved up and down. Meanwhile, the position of the workpiece 10 without the induction section is heated through the longitudinal connecting section 5, so that the quenching efficiency is improved, the production is quickened, the continuity of a quenching layer of the workpiece 10 after quenching is ensured, and the deformation condition of the workpiece 10 is greatly reduced; in addition, due to the arrangement of the V-shaped protruding part 6 of the induction section, the root of the channel or the root of the shaft shoulder 101 can reach the quenching standard, the thermal shape of the workpiece 10 at the channel and the shaft shoulder 101 is uniform, the position of the deep quenching layer is not generated, the consistency of the layer depth is ensured, and the quality and the service life of the bearing are greatly improved.
In addition, in this embodiment, the inductors are single-turn and located at different heights, and the projections are staggered, so that the induction sections corresponding to the upper channel 102 or the lower channel 103 can be arranged closer to the root of the channel, thereby improving the heating efficiency and the heating uniformity, and further improving the production efficiency. Meanwhile, after the middle-layer induction section 3 and the lower-layer induction section 4 are staggered, the heating heat of the transition positions of the upper channel 103 and the lower channel 103 is reduced, so that the quenching temperature is more uniform, the depth of a hardening layer is more uniform, and the probability of quenching cracks at the transition positions of the two channels due to the fact that the heating time is prolonged is reduced.
Example two
Referring to fig. 6, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the middle-layer induction section 3 of the second embodiment includes a first middle-layer induction section 31 and a second middle-layer induction section 32, the first middle-layer induction section 31 is connected to the first upper-layer induction section 2 and the second lower-layer induction section 4 through the longitudinal connection section 5, and the second middle-layer induction section 32 is connected to the second upper-layer induction section 2 and the second lower-layer induction section 4 through the longitudinal connection section 5.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and specific technical solutions and/or features that are well known in the art have not been described in detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practical applicability of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a wheel hub bearing induction hardening inductor, includes busbar and inductor, its characterized in that: the induction coil is single turn, and the induction coil comprises three induction sections distributed at different heights, and adjacent induction sections on the circumference projection are connected through longitudinal connecting sections, wherein the induction section on one height is used for quenching the shaft shoulder of the workpiece, and the induction sections on the remaining two heights are respectively used for quenching the upper channel and the lower channel of the workpiece.
2. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the cross section of the sensing section comprises V-shaped protruding portions, arc chamfer angles are arranged at the tips of the V-shaped protruding portions, and the tips of the V-shaped protruding portions face the root of the channel or the root of the shaft shoulder.
3. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the arc chamfer is similar to the shape of the root of the corresponding channel or the root of the shaft shoulder of the workpiece, and the size of the arc chamfer is R2-R3.
4. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the bottom surface of the V-shaped protruding portion of the induction section for quenching the lower channel of the workpiece is parallel to the edge of the channel, the cross section of the induction section for quenching the lower channel further comprises a rectangular portion, the rectangular portion is in butt joint with the V-shaped protruding portion, the rectangular portion is obliquely arranged upwards relative to the end face of the workpiece, and a space exists between an intersection line between the rectangular portion and the V-shaped protruding portion and a hole in the end face of the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece.
5. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 1 wherein: the radius of the sensing section from top to bottom in the three sensing sections is larger and larger, and the larger the radius is, the larger the angle of the sensing section for scanning the workpiece is.
6. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 5 wherein: the angle of the induction section at the lower layer for scanning the workpiece is 130 degrees, the angle of the induction section at the middle layer for scanning the workpiece is 120 degrees, and the angle of the induction section at the upper layer for scanning the workpiece is 110 degrees.
7. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 2 wherein: the induction sections are fixedly provided with magnetizers, and V-shaped protruding parts of the induction sections extend out of the magnetizers.
8. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 7 wherein: the magnetizers on the same induction section are arranged at intervals.
9. A hub bearing induction hardening inductor as set forth in claim 8 wherein: the magnetizer is a silicon steel sheet magnetizer.
CN202211719572.6A 2022-12-30 2022-12-30 Hub bearing induction quenching inductor Active CN116004953B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08143947A (en) * 1994-11-25 1996-06-04 Fuji Denshi Kogyo Kk Coil for quenching end surface of flange surface
CN1403599A (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-19 浙江万向汽车轴承有限公司 Heat treating process and inductor for key surface of hub
CN1888093A (en) * 2006-08-01 2007-01-03 宁波跃进汽车前桥有限公司 Inducing quenching and tempering process of automobile knuckle
CN102181615A (en) * 2011-05-18 2011-09-14 柳州中驰成达机械锻造有限公司 Automotive half shaft quenching process method and quenching induction coil
CN105132633A (en) * 2015-10-13 2015-12-09 青岛德盛机械制造有限公司 Scanning quenching sensor
CN106011442A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 王涵 Quenching induction heating device for support roller path part of oversized excavator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08143947A (en) * 1994-11-25 1996-06-04 Fuji Denshi Kogyo Kk Coil for quenching end surface of flange surface
CN1403599A (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-19 浙江万向汽车轴承有限公司 Heat treating process and inductor for key surface of hub
CN1888093A (en) * 2006-08-01 2007-01-03 宁波跃进汽车前桥有限公司 Inducing quenching and tempering process of automobile knuckle
CN102181615A (en) * 2011-05-18 2011-09-14 柳州中驰成达机械锻造有限公司 Automotive half shaft quenching process method and quenching induction coil
CN105132633A (en) * 2015-10-13 2015-12-09 青岛德盛机械制造有限公司 Scanning quenching sensor
CN106011442A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-10-12 王涵 Quenching induction heating device for support roller path part of oversized excavator

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