CN109777928B - Locally-reinforced channel beam and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
Locally-reinforced channel beam and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109777928B CN109777928B CN201910266823.1A CN201910266823A CN109777928B CN 109777928 B CN109777928 B CN 109777928B CN 201910266823 A CN201910266823 A CN 201910266823A CN 109777928 B CN109777928 B CN 109777928B
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Abstract
The invention provides a locally-reinforced channel beam and a locally-reinforced manufacturing process thereof. The invention provides a channel beam which has a structure that an upper wing surface and a lower wing surface or a wing surface are added with arcs and are subjected to quenching strengthening, and a ventral surface is not subjected to quenching strengthening. The local strengthening manufacturing process of the channel beam comprises a technological process and a special quenching inductor designed for the technological process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a locally reinforced channel beam and a manufacturing process thereof, comprising a locally reinforced channel beam, a manufacturing process flow and a special quenching inductor.
Background
The schematic structural diagram of the cross section of the channel beam such as the truck frame girder and the like is shown in the attached drawing 4 of the specification, belongs to a large part, and can improve the allowable use stress of the channel beam by improving the strength level, thereby reducing the dead weight of the part, realizing the light weight of the whole truck and reducing the cost.
There are two main ways to improve the strength of the channel beam. One is a high-strength steel plate mode which is a finished part processed by cutting, forming and other procedures by adopting high-strength plates supplied by a steel mill. The second method is to adopt a plate with common strength, and the plate is processed into a finished part through the procedures of cutting, forming, quenching and other procedures, namely a quenching strengthening mode.
The quenching and strengthening modes are generally two modes, namely integral quenching and partial quenching.
The integral quenching is to strengthen the integral channel beam by integral heating quenching or continuous heating quenching. Its advantages are high strength and simple process. The disadvantages are high process cost, high energy consumption and excessive strength at the ventral surface. The higher ventral surface hardness after the whole quenching can lead to the difficulty of processing the mounting hole on the ventral surface when the vehicle is refitted and constructed.
The local quenching is to perform quenching strengthening on parts needing to bear high stress, and the quenching area is small, so that the energy is saved, and the process cost is low. The upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the channel beam are the parts with the largest stress, and the strengthening of the wing surfaces through local quenching is an effective measure for improving the strength of the channel beam. In addition, the arc part of the channel beam has larger use stress, and the channel beam design scheme for simultaneously quenching and strengthening the airfoil and the arc brings advantages for further improving the strength of parts. The ventral use stress is smaller, so that the original lower strength level can be maintained. Therefore, a local strengthening process is needed, wherein the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the channel beam are only quenched or the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface are quenched together with the circular arc, and the ventral surface is not quenched.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a partially reinforced channel beam and a manufacturing process thereof, which are improved based on the existing structure and disadvantages, so as to achieve the objectives of more practical use and cost reduction.
In addition, when the plate type part is inductively heated, the penetration depth of the induced current on the part is deepened along with the reduction of the current frequency, and a higher induced heating current frequency needs to be selected, so that the penetration depth of the induced current generated in the part is slightly lower than the wall thickness of the 1/2 part. If the frequency is too low and the current thermal state penetration depth is deep, currents in opposite directions, which exceed the wall thickness depth of 1/2, generated on two sides can be mutually offset, the heating electric efficiency is reduced, and even the temperature of the part does not rise any more after reaching about 800 ℃. Meanwhile, the induction current frequency cannot be too high, if the induction current frequency is too high, the current penetrates shallow, the core needs to be heated by heat conduction, the production speed is reduced, the heating electric efficiency is also reduced, and the purchase cost of an induction heating power supply system device is also increased. This is also the problem addressed by the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a channel beam in which the upper and lower wing surfaces or wing surfaces are subjected to arc quenching strengthening, and the ventral surface is not subjected to quenching strengthening, as shown in fig. 5 and 6. In order to obtain the channel beam with the structure, the invention provides a local strengthening process of the channel beam. The locally-reinforced channel beam solves the problems that the strength of the belly region of the channel beam in an integral quenching mode is excessive, the cost is high, the frame is difficult to machine a mounting hole after the frame is quenched, and the requirement of the traditional induction quenching process on the frequency section of a power supply system is high.
The purpose and the effect of the locally reinforced channel beam and the manufacturing process thereof are achieved by the following specific technical means:
the invention provides a local strengthening process for a channel beam, and provides a special quenching inductor. The integral structure of the special quenching inductor is a left-right symmetrical part, inductor effective rings are arranged on the left-right symmetrical part, and the inductor effective rings are composed of a coil section A201, a coil section B202, a coil section C203 and a coil section D204 and are connected in series.
The effective coil of the inductor has the characteristics that the current directions of the coil section A201 and the coil section B202 are the same, and the current directions of the coil section C203 and the coil section D204 are the same, so that the problems that when the induced current frequency is lower, the heating efficiency of plate parts is low, and the temperature of the parts does not rise any more after reaching about 800 ℃ are solved, and the structure of the inductor can adopt a channel beam with the induced current frequency lower than 20kHz and the heating thickness of less than 8 mm.
The local strengthening process for the channel beam comprises the following steps:
1. the local induction quenching strengthening process of the channel beam is completed on special equipment; the equipment structure consists of a plurality of groups of rollers and a frame, wherein the heights of the rollers are adjustable and are used for controlling the quenching deformation of the channel beam; the heating inductor and the water sprayer are arranged between the rollers.
2. The channel beam passes through the roller and the inductor of the equipment; heating the material when the material passes through the inductor, wherein the heating temperature is adjusted to about 950 ℃ according to different materials; the heating range is the airfoil or the airfoil plus arc part of the channel beam.
3. The locally heated channel beam is rapidly cooled by high-pressure water injection when passing through a water sprayer; the channel beam is quenched to obtain a martensite structure, the strength is improved, and the strengthening processing is completed; channel beams for frame rails generally do not require a subsequent tempering process; when necessary, tempering can be performed according to the need, induction heating tempering can be performed by an inductor with a structure similar to that of the quenching inductor, or tempering in other modes.
4. The process is a scanning quenching strengthening process, and can flexibly carry out strengthening processing in a set area in the length direction of the crossbeam, namely only processing the section which has higher requirement on using stress and needs strengthening, and not processing other sections.
5. The channel beam after quenching and strengthening needs to be cleaned to eliminate surface oxides, and a finished girder part is obtained and used for assembling a frame.
Furthermore, magnetizers made of silicon steel sheets or other soft magnetic materials are installed on the coil segment a201, the coil segment B202, the coil segment C203 and the coil segment D204, and the heating electric efficiency can be improved by about 30%.
Furthermore, the left part and the right part of the special quenching inductor are connected in series through connecting copper pipes, connected with a quenching transformer and a capacitor and connected with an induction heating variable frequency power supply through cables. The effective ring and the series copper pipe are cooled by high-pressure water.
Furthermore, the effective ring of the inductor is made of a copper pipe with a rectangular cross section, the appearance of the effective ring is of a door-shaped structure, an opening is formed in one side of the effective ring, and the groove-shaped beam wing surface is inserted into the special quenching inductor through the opening.
Further, coil section B202 is shorter than coil section D204, keeps 10mm with the groove beam ventral surface, can not touch the coil after the groove beam inserts the inductor and avoid the short circuit, and coil section A201 is longer than coil section C203, and length is higher than 10mm of airfoil, guarantees the heating range.
Further, the coil section A201, the coil section C203, the coil section D204 and the coil section B202 are separated by 20mm, so that the counteracting phenomenon of reverse magnetic fields generated by different coil sections is eliminated, and the electric efficiency is ensured.
Furthermore, the local strengthening process of the channel beam and the channel beam manufactured by the local strengthening process are also provided with a circle of water sprayers which are positioned outside the section of the channel beam, the water sprayers are made of copper pipes, steel pipes or other materials, the water sprayers are provided with relatively dense water spray holes, an inclination angle of about 45 degrees is arranged between the water spray holes and the channel beam, and the water spray range of the water sprayers corresponds to the cambered area of the wing surface of the channel beam.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention utilizes the special quenching inductor to quench and strengthen the upper wing surface and the lower wing surface of the crossbeam with higher requirement on the use stress, but not strengthen the ventral surface of the crossbeam with lower requirement on the use stress, keeps the state of relatively low strength and low hardness, eliminates the excess strength, reduces the dead weight of parts by improving the allowable use stress of the crossbeam, realizes the light weight of the whole automobile, reduces the production cost, and also provides convenience for processing mounting holes on the frame for vehicle refitting construction.
Secondly, the wing surface can be subjected to arc addition and quenching strengthening simultaneously according to requirements, so that the strength of the part can be further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the unquenched channel beam in the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a channel beam structure of the channel beam airfoil having been subjected to quench hardening in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the channel beam of the present invention after hardening the airfoil surface of the channel beam with a circular arc.
In the drawings, the corresponding relationship between the component names and the reference numbers is as follows:
1-special quenching inductor, 2-inductor effective coil, 201-coil sections A201, 202-coil sections B202, 203-coil sections C203, 204-coil sections D204, 3-magnetizer, 4-connecting copper pipe and 5-channel beam.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in figures 1, 2, 4 and 5:
the invention provides a locally-reinforced channel beam and a manufacturing process thereof, and the locally-reinforced channel beam comprises a locally-reinforced channel beam 5, a manufacturing process flow and a special quenching inductor 1. The integral structure of the special quenching inductor 1 is a left-right symmetrical part, the left part and the right part are both provided with an inductor effective coil 2, the inductor effective coil 2 is composed of a coil section A201, a coil section B202, a coil section C203 and a coil section D204, and the coil section A201, the coil section B202, the coil section C203 and the coil section D204 are connected in series. And the current direction of the coil segment A201 is the same as that of the coil segment B202, and the current direction of the coil segment C203 is the same as that of the coil segment D204. And the coil section A201, the coil section B202, the coil section C203 and the coil section D204 are all provided with magnetizers 3 made of silicon steel sheets or other soft magnetic materials. The inductor effective rings 2 are connected in series through a connecting copper pipe 4 in the middle.
The local strengthening process for the channel beam comprises the following steps:
1. the local induction quenching strengthening process of the channel beam is completed on special equipment; the equipment structure comprises a plurality of groups of rollers and a frame, wherein the heights of the rollers are adjustable and are used for controlling the quenching deformation of the channel beam. The heating inductor and the water sprayer are arranged between the rollers.
2. The channel beam passes through the roller and the inductor of the equipment; heating the material when the material passes through the inductor, wherein the heating temperature is adjusted to about 950 ℃ according to different materials; the heating range is the airfoil or the airfoil plus arc part of the channel beam.
3. The locally heated channel beam is rapidly cooled by high-pressure water injection when passing through a water sprayer; the channel beam is quenched to obtain a martensite structure, the strength is improved, and the strengthening processing is completed; channel beams for frame rails generally do not require a subsequent tempering process; when necessary, tempering can be performed according to the need, induction heating tempering can be performed by an inductor with a structure similar to that of the quenching inductor, or tempering in other modes.
4. The process is a scanning quenching strengthening process, and can flexibly carry out strengthening processing in a set area in the length direction of the crossbeam, namely only processing the section which has higher use stress and needs strengthening, and not processing other sections.
5. The channel beam after quenching and strengthening needs to be cleaned to eliminate surface oxides, and a finished girder part is obtained and used for assembling a frame.
The left part and the right part of the special quenching inductor 1 are connected in series through connecting copper pipes 4 and are connected with a quenching transformer, a capacitor and an induction heating variable frequency power supply through cables and the like. The effective ring and the series copper pipe are cooled by high-pressure water.
The inductor effective ring 2 is made of a copper pipe with a rectangular cross section, the appearance of the inductor effective ring is of a door-shaped structure, an opening is formed in one side of the inductor effective ring, and the wing surface of the groove-shaped beam 5 is inserted into the special quenching inductor 1 through the opening.
The coil section B202 and the coil section D204 are shorter, an enough distance of 10mm is reserved between the coil section B202 and the ventral surface of the groove-shaped beam, the groove-shaped beam cannot touch the coil after being inserted into the inductor to avoid short circuit, the coil section A201 and the coil section C203 are longer, the length of the groove-shaped beam 5 after being inserted into the inductor is 10mm higher than that of the airfoil, current can flow to the bottom of the airfoil, and the airfoil can be heated.
Wherein, the interval between the coil segment A201 and the coil segment C203, and the interval between the coil segment D204 and the coil segment B202 is 20 mm.
The local strengthening process for the channel beam and the channel beam manufactured by the local strengthening process are also provided with a circle of water sprayers which are positioned outside the section of the channel beam, the water sprayers are made of copper pipes, steel pipes or other materials, dense water spray holes are processed on the water sprayers, an inclination angle of about 45 degrees is arranged between the water spray holes and the channel beam, and the water spray range of the water sprayers corresponds to the area of the wing surface and the circular arc of the channel beam.
The special quenching inductor 1 can adopt a heating frequency lower than 20kHz, so that the situation that low-frequency current penetrates into two deeper sides and offsets mutually can be avoided, the current of the effective coil 2 of the inductor flows along the coil section A201, the coil section C203, the coil section B202 and the coil section D204, the current directions of two sides at the same part of a part are the same, for example, the current directions generated by the wires of the coil section A201 and the coil section B202 are the same, the current directions generated by the coil section C203 and the coil section D204 are the same, and induced currents at two sides are overlapped at a certain depth and do not offset.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6:
the upper section of the effective inductor ring 2 is bent inwards and wraps the arc section of the channel beam 5, and the longitudinal connecting copper pipe of the effective inductor ring 2 is additionally provided with a magnetizer 3 made of soft magnetic materials such as silicon steel sheets. The arc and airfoil simultaneous dedicated quenching inductor has the same other structures as the dedicated inductor in the first embodiment. The girder design scheme that the arc and the airfoil are simultaneously quenched and strengthened and the airfoil and the arc are simultaneously quenched and strengthened brings advantages to further improving the strength of parts.
The application case is as follows:
1. an airfoil reinforced channel beam for a heavy-duty tractor frame; the cross sections of the adopted channel beams have different strengths, the ventral surface of the channel beam is the original strength of a commercially available plate with about 500MPa, and the wing surfaces and the circular arcs are the strengths which are obtained after local induction quenching and strengthening and are greater than 1300 MPa;
the technology is implemented as follows: commercially available plates are longitudinally sheared into narrow plates, the narrow plates are manufactured into a groove-shaped beam through groove-shaped beam rolling line equipment, a specified length is cut, a required hole is machined on hole machining equipment, the required hole enters induction quenching strengthening equipment and an inductor designed by the invention to obtain a high-strength groove-shaped beam strengthened by a wing surface and an arc, surface oxide skin is cleaned, and other procedures are carried out as required; namely, the frame channel beam with the strengthened wing surfaces and the strengthened circular arcs and the lower strength state of the ventral surfaces is manufactured and used for assembling a high-bearing light truck frame assembly;
2. an airfoil reinforced channel beam for a medium and heavy road transport vehicle frame; the cross sections of the adopted channel beams have different strengths, the ventral surface of the channel beam is the original strength of a commercially available plate with about 500MPa, and the airfoil surface is the strength which is obtained after local induction quenching and strengthening and is more than 1100 MPa;
the technology is implemented as follows: commercially available plates are longitudinally sheared into narrow plates, the narrow plates are manufactured into a groove-shaped beam through groove-shaped beam rolling line equipment, a specified length is cut, a required hole is machined on hole machining equipment, the required hole enters induction quenching strengthening equipment and an inductor designed by the invention to obtain a high-strength groove-shaped beam only reinforced by a wing surface, surface oxide skin is cleaned, and other procedures are carried out as required; namely, the frame channel beam with the strengthened wing surfaces and the lower strength state of the ventral surfaces is manufactured and used for assembling a high-bearing light-weight truck frame assembly.
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (2)
1. A manufacturing process of a locally-reinforced channel beam comprises the locally-reinforced channel beam and a special quenching inductor, wherein the quenching inductor (1) is in a bilateral symmetry structure, the left part and the right part are respectively provided with an inductor effective ring, and the inductor effective ring consists of a coil section A, a coil section B, a coil section C and a coil section D which are connected in series; magnetizers made of silicon steel sheets or other soft magnetic materials are arranged on the coil section A, the coil section B, the coil section C and the coil section D; the effective rings of the inductors are connected in series through a connecting copper pipe in the middle; the effective ring and the series copper pipe are cooled by high-pressure water; the inductor effective ring (2) is made of a copper pipe with a rectangular cross section, the appearance of the inductor effective ring is of a door-shaped structure, an opening is formed in one side of the inductor effective ring, and the wing surface of the channel beam (5) is inserted into the special quenching inductor (1) through the opening; the current directions of the coil section A and the coil section B are the same, and the current directions of the coil section C and the coil section D are the same; the inductor structure can adopt the induction current frequency lower than 20kHz to heat the channel beam with the thickness less than 8 mm; the coil section B and the coil section D are shorter and have a distance of 10mm from the ventral surface of the channel beam, the channel beam cannot touch the coil after being inserted into the inductor to avoid short circuit, and the coil section A and the coil section C are longer and have a length of 10mm higher than that of the airfoil; the interval between the coil section A and the coil section C and the interval between the coil section D and the coil section B are 20 mm; the sensor comprises a special water sprayer which is positioned outside the section of the channel beam and is made of copper pipes, steel pipes or other materials; the water sprayer is provided with dense water spraying holes, an inclination angle of about 45 degrees is formed between the water spraying holes and the trough beam, and the water spraying range of the water sprayer corresponds to the arc area of the wing surface of the trough beam; the channel beam is only quenched and strengthened at the airfoil surface or the arc-shaped part of the airfoil surface, and the ventral surface is not quenched and strengthened.
2. The process for manufacturing a partially reinforced channel beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following process flows that the local induction quenching strengthening process of the channel beam is completed on special equipment; the equipment structure consists of a plurality of groups of rollers and a frame, wherein the heights of the rollers are adjustable and are used for controlling the quenching deformation of the channel beam; the heating inductor and the water sprayer are arranged between the rollers; the channel beam passes through the roller and the inductor of the equipment; heating the material when the material passes through the inductor, wherein the heating temperature is adjusted to about 950 ℃ according to different materials; the heating range is the airfoil surface or the airfoil surface plus arc part of the channel beam; the locally heated channel beam is rapidly cooled by high-pressure water injection when passing through a water sprayer; the channel beam is quenched to obtain a martensite structure, the strength is improved, and the strengthening processing is completed; the process is a scanning quenching strengthening process, and can flexibly implement strengthening processing in a set area in the length direction of the crossbeam, namely only processing the section with higher use stress and needing strengthening, and not processing other sections; the quenched and strengthened channel beam needs to be cleaned to eliminate surface oxides, and a finished channel beam is obtained and used for assembling a frame.
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| CN201910266823.1A CN109777928B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Locally-reinforced channel beam and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN201910266823.1A CN109777928B (en) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Locally-reinforced channel beam and manufacturing process thereof |
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| CN109777928B true CN109777928B (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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