CN110607426A - Half shaft part quenching inductor and quenching method - Google Patents
Half shaft part quenching inductor and quenching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110607426A CN110607426A CN201910834956.4A CN201910834956A CN110607426A CN 110607426 A CN110607426 A CN 110607426A CN 201910834956 A CN201910834956 A CN 201910834956A CN 110607426 A CN110607426 A CN 110607426A
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- induction coil
- quenching
- cooling water
- effective induction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
- C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/28—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a half shaft part quenching inductor and a quenching method, aiming at the technical difficulty of heating an R corner part at a flange end of a half shaft, can effectively improve the depth of an induction hardening layer in the R corner area of the flange end of the half shaft, ensures that the surface hardness and the depth of the effective hardening layer in the stress concentration area of the R corner area of the flange end of the half shaft meet the design requirements, effectively improves the induction hardening quality of the half shaft, has simple structure, high manufacturing precision, simple operation of a quenching method and high flexibility, adopts a numerical control lathe for processing and manufacturing, and has the advantages of circular radial section and pentagonal axial section of an effective induction coil, the effective induction coil and the cooling water box are enabled to rapidly move upwards along the axle journal direction, so that the cooling water sprayed by the cooling water box can continue to cool the position of the effective induction coil on the axle shaft when the final heating is stopped.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment processes of automobile half-shaft parts, and relates to a continuous induction quenching inductor and a quenching method for automobile half-shaft parts.
Background
The automobile half-axle part belongs to a key part in an automobile transmission system, belongs to a bearing concentrated area, has higher requirements on a heat treatment process, often adopts an induction heat treatment strengthening process method to improve the torsional fatigue strength, particularly in an R corner part of a half-axle flange end, more particularly in a stress concentrated area of the whole part, and if the part is not in place in an induction quenching process at a flange disc round corner, the part is easy to break at the position.
The half-shaft induction quenching strengthening process can be divided into two strengthening process methods of an integral induction quenching process and a continuous induction quenching process according to the shape and the structure of the half shaft: an integral induction quenching process and a continuous quenching process. The whole induction quenching process has high requirements on the strength of the inductor, high requirements on the power of power supply equipment, low adjustment flexibility, strict requirements on the gap between the inductor and each part of the half shaft, high production efficiency and high production speed; the inductor in the continuous quenching process has high adjustment flexibility, can be matched according to different half shaft diameters, has no requirement on the length of the half shaft, has low power requirement on power supply equipment, and has the characteristics of easy processing and manufacturing and high strength due to simple structure of the continuous quenching inductor.
However, in the semi-axis continuous induction quenching process, due to the skin effect and proximity effect generated by the inductor inducing current in the induction quenching process, the induced current is densely distributed at the axle diameter part near the R angle part of the flange end of the semi-axis, the flange end is less distributed, and the heating of the R angle part of the flange end of the semi-axis is carried out by the heat transfer from the adjacent axle diameter and the adjacent flange part to the R angle part of the flange end of the semi-axis and the penetration heating of the inductor per se to carry out double superposition induction heating strengthening. Aiming at the technical difficulty of heating the R angle part of the flange end of the half shaft, the conventional inductor induction heating easily causes the temperature of the area of the R angle part of the flange end of the half shaft, which is close to the shaft diameter of the half shaft, to be higher, even generates a fusing phenomenon, and simultaneously, the induction quenching temperature of the area of the R angle part of the flange end of the half shaft, which is close to the flange plate, is lower, so that the heating temperature of the area of the R angle part of the flange end of the half shaft cannot reach a reasonable range, the quenching temperature of each part of the half shaft cannot be controlled within an effective quenching temperature range, and the quenching hardness and the.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the half-shaft part quenching inductor and the quenching method, the quenching inductor structure can ensure that the hardened layers of all parts of the half shaft are continuously, effectively and uniformly distributed, and the surface hardness, the effective hardened layer depth and the quenching tissue meet the relevant standard requirements.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a half axle class part quenching inductor, including radial cross section for the annular effective induction coil of circle, the magnetizer, with the annular cooling water spray box of effective induction coil fixed connection's ring shape, effective induction coil and the intermediate frequency quenching power conducting connection in the quenching lathe, servo motor in the quenching lathe can drive the quenching inductor with the speed of setting for up and down, control and back-and-forth movement, the fillet position that the axle journal of semi-axis is connected with the ring flange of semi-axis is the flange end R bight position of semi-axis, effective induction coil clearance suit is on the axle journal of semi-axis near flange end R bight position, its characterized in that:
the axial section of the effective induction coil is of a pentagonal structure and comprises an outer annular surface positioned on an outer ring of the effective induction coil, an inner annular surface positioned on an inner ring of the effective induction coil, a top surface positioned on the top of the effective induction coil, a first inclined bottom surface which is positioned at the bottom of the effective induction coil and is obliquely arranged and connected with the outer annular surface, and a second inclined bottom surface which is positioned at the inner annular surface and is obliquely arranged and connected with the first inclined bottom surface, wherein the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface are parallel to each other;
the effective induction coil is internally provided with a hollow cavity with a circular ring-shaped radial section, namely an induction coil inner cavity, cooling water is arranged in the induction coil inner cavity, so that a cooling water channel of the effective induction coil is formed, an opening of the induction coil inner cavity, which is positioned on the top surface of the effective induction coil, is covered by a circular ring-shaped induction coil cover plate, and the upper surface of the induction coil cover plate and two upper end surfaces on two sides of the opening of the top surface of the effective induction coil are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the thickness b of the cover plate of the induction coil is 2mm, the height a of the effective induction coil in the vertical direction is 18mm, the minimum gap d between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil and the shaft neck of the half shaft is 75% -100% of the length of the R angle part of the half shaft in the horizontal direction, the width c of the top surface of the effective induction coil in the horizontal direction is 12mm, the included angle alpha between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil and the horizontal direction is 105 degrees, the included angle beta between the first inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil and the horizontal direction is 30 degrees, and the included angle gamma between the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil and the horizontal direction is 15 degrees, and the gap e between the initial position of the effective induction coil during working and the flange plate of the half shaft is 1-. (ii) a
The magnetizer is formed by fully arranging a plurality of magnetic silicon steel sheets along the circumference of the effective induction coil, each magnetic silicon steel sheet is in a heptagon groove-shaped structure with a one-way opening, the opening direction of each magnetic silicon steel sheet faces to the R corner of the flange end of the half shaft, the openings of all the magnetic silicon steel sheets form a groove of the magnetizer, the magnetizer is inserted into the effective induction coil through the groove, the inner surface of the groove of the magnetizer is tightly attached to the outer ring surface, the top surface and the inner ring surface of the effective induction coil, and the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil are positioned outside the magnetizer;
the inner circle ring surface of the cooling water spraying box is fully distributed with water spraying holes, and the cooling water spraying box is connected with a quenching cooling water pump.
The further technical scheme comprises the following steps:
the device also comprises a first contact plate, a second contact plate, a first transition wire, a second transition wire, a third transition wire, a fourth transition wire, a cooling water inlet pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe;
the first transition lead and the third transition lead are hollow metal pipes, and the cooling water inlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the induction coil of the effective induction coil through the first transition lead and the third transition lead;
the second transition lead and the fourth transition lead are hollow metal pipes, and the cooling water outlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the induction coil of the effective induction coil through the second transition lead and the fourth transition lead; the cooling water inlet pipe is communicated with an external cooling water tank through a water pump, and the cooling water outlet pipe is communicated with an external water return tank;
one end of the first contact plate is fixedly connected with a contact plate on one electrode of a transformer of an intermediate frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool, one end of the second contact plate is fixedly connected with a contact plate on the other electrode of the transformer of the intermediate frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool, the other end of the first contact plate is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the first transition lead wire, circuit conduction is achieved, and the other end of the second contact plate is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the second transition lead wire, so that circuit conduction is achieved.
The insulation board, 2 groups of insulation long studs, 4 groups of insulation nuts, a first connection board of the water spraying box, a second connection board of the water spraying box, 4 groups of insulation gaskets and 4 groups of water inlet pipes of the cooling water spraying box are further included;
the insulating plate is fixed between the first contact plate and the second contact plate through 2 groups of insulating long studs;
the first contact plate and the second contact plate are identical in structure and are both bent L-shaped frame bodies;
a servo motor in the quenching machine tool can drive the whole quenching sensor to move through a first contact plate and a second contact plate;
the lower parts of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate of the water spraying box are connected with the cooling water spraying box, and the other end of the first connecting plate of the water spraying box is fixed on the first contact plate by 2 insulating long studs, 4 insulating nuts and 4 insulating gaskets, and the upper part of the second connecting plate of the water spraying box is fixed on the second contact plate;
one end of the water inlet pipes of the 4 groups of cooling water spraying boxes is respectively communicated with the cooling water spraying boxes, and the other end of the water inlet pipes of the 4 groups of cooling water spraying boxes is connected with an external quenching cooling water pump.
The first contact plate, the second contact plate, the first transition wire, the second transition wire, the third transition wire, the fourth transition wire, the effective induction coil, the induction coil cover plate, the cooling water inlet pipe, the cooling water outlet pipe, the cooling water spraying box, the first connecting plate of the water spraying box, the second connecting plate of the water spraying box and the water inlet pipe of the cooling water spraying box are all made of red copper.
The effective induction coil and the induction coil cover plate are both made of red copper materials and are machined and manufactured through a numerical control lathe.
The induction coil cover plate and the opening on the top surface of the effective induction coil are welded and fixed together.
The upper surface of the cooling water spray box and the lowest point of the effective induction coil, namely the intersection line of the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface, are positioned on the same plane.
The invention also provides a quenching method of the half-shaft part by using the quenching inductor of the half-shaft part as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: after an effective induction coil matched and corresponding to the half shaft is connected with an intermediate frequency quenching power supply through a first contact plate and a second contact plate, adjusting the initial position of the effective induction coil to enable the lowest point of the effective induction coil, namely the gap e between the point on the intersection line of the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface and the flange plate of the half shaft, to be 1.0-1.5 mm, and enabling the half shaft to continuously rotate at the speed of 100 r/min;
step two: adjusting the output power of an intermediate frequency quenching power supply in a quenching machine tool to be 122-160 KW, the direct current to be 350-380A, the direct voltage to be 380-400V and the matching frequency to be 2200-2600 Hz, enabling an effective induction coil to initially heat the R corner of the flange end of the half shaft, wherein the initial heating time is 5-10 s, after the initial heating is finished, a servo motor in the quenching machine tool drives a quenching inductor to rapidly jump upwards along the axial direction of the half shaft at the speed of 3000mm/min, the moving distance is the height of the effective induction coil, and meanwhile, a cooling water spraying box sprays water to cool and quench the R corner of the flange end of the half shaft;
step three: and continuously heating the half shaft by the effective induction coil, continuously moving the quenching inductor at a constant speed of 200-260 mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft, heating the half shaft until the spline end of the half shaft is the end position of the track of the axial movement, stopping heating the half shaft by the effective induction coil, quickly jumping up and moving the quenching inductor at a speed of 3000mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft, wherein the moving distance is 2 times of the height of the effective induction coil, and continuously cooling the half shaft and the position of the effective induction coil when the final heating is stopped by cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying box for 10-15 s to finish the continuous induction quenching process of the whole half shaft.
The pressure of cooling water sprayed by the cooling water box is 0.3MPa, the cooling water consists of quenching medium and water, and the concentration of the quenching medium is 5%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a continuous induction quenching inductor for automobile half-shaft parts, aiming at the shape characteristics of a half shaft needing quenching and the heating technical difficulty caused by the structure of an R corner part at the flange end of the half shaft, wherein the quenching inductor comprises an effective heating induction coil and a magnetism-driving silicon steel sheet, the radial section of the effective heating induction coil body is in a circular ring shape, the axial section adopts a pentagonal structure, the magnetism-driving silicon steel sheet restrains induced electricity to approach the flange end region, the quenching inductor structure can enable hardened layers of all parts of the half shaft to be continuously and effectively and uniformly distributed, and the surface hardness, the effective hardened layer depth and the quenching structure meet the requirements of relevant standards. The effective induction coil of the quenching inductor is manufactured by adopting a numerical control lathe, the processing precision is high, the process adjustment is flexible and convenient, the quenching inductor can be matched according to different half shaft diameters, the structure is simple, and the induction quenching quality is stable. According to the continuous induction quenching method for the automobile half-shaft parts, provided by the invention, the hardened layers of the R corner part of the flange end of the half shaft, the rod part of the half shaft and the spline part, which are connected with the flange plate, of the half shaft flange end are uniform and continuous, and the effective hardness and the effective hardened layer depth meet the design requirements.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a half-shaft part quenching inductor according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a half-shaft part quenching inductor according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a half-shaft type part quenching inductor according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an effective induction coil in the quenching inductor for half-shaft parts according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the half-shaft part quenching inductor after the effective induction coil is matched with the magnetic driving silicon steel sheet;
FIG. 6 is a structural view of an initial position of the half-shaft type part quenching inductor in cooperation with a half shaft when the half-shaft type part quenching inductor works;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic lines around the effective induction coil in the half-shaft part quenching inductor during working, wherein the effective induction coil is not assembled with the magnetic-driving silicon steel sheet;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of magnetic lines of force around the half-shaft part quenching inductor when the effective induction coil is fully filled with magnetic driving silicon steel sheets;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises an effective induction coil, 2 induction coil inner cavities, 3 induction coil cover plates, 4 magnetic driving silicon steel sheets, 5 cooling water spraying boxes, 6 half shafts, 7 first contact plates, 8 second contact plates and 9. The water spray box comprises a first transition wire, 10 second transition wires, 11 third transition wires, 12 fourth transition wires, 13 cooling water inlet pipes, 14 cooling water outlet pipes, 15 water spray box first connecting plates, 16 water spray box second connecting plates, 17 insulating long studs, 18 insulating nuts, 19 insulating gaskets, 20 insulating plates and 21 cooling water spray box water inlet pipes.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the invention discloses a half-shaft part quenching inductor and a quenching method, wherein the quenching inductor comprises an effective quenching induction coil 1, an induction coil inner cavity 2, an induction coil cover plate 3, a magnetic driving silicon steel sheet 4, a cooling water spraying box 5, a first contact plate 7, a second contact plate 8, a first transition lead 9, a second transition lead 10, a third transition lead 11, a fourth transition lead 12, a cooling water inlet pipe 13, a cooling water outlet pipe 14, a water spraying box first connecting plate 15, a water spraying box second connecting plate 16, 2 groups of insulating long studs 17, 4 groups of insulating nuts 18, 4 groups of insulating gaskets 19, an insulating plate 20 and a cooling water spraying box water inlet pipe 21.
The first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 are used for connecting the conductive loop of the inductor to the contact plates of the two electrodes of the transformer of the medium-frequency quenching power supply, then the whole quenching inductor is conducted and connected with the medium-frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool through the contact plates of the two electrodes of the transformer, and a servo motor in the quenching machine tool can drive the quenching inductor to move up and down, left and right and back and forth at a set speed.
The induction coil comprises a first transition wire 9, a second transition wire 10, a third transition wire 11 and a fourth transition wire 12 which are all hollow tubular structures, wherein a first contact plate 7 and a second contact plate 8 are respectively connected with the outer side walls of the first transition wire 9 and the second transition wire 10, a cooling water inlet pipe 13 and a cooling water outlet pipe 14 are respectively communicated with one ends of the first transition wire 9 and the second transition wire 10, the other ends of the first transition wire 9 and the second transition wire 10 are respectively communicated with one ends of the third transition wire 11 and the fourth transition wire 12, and an effective induction coil 1 is respectively communicated with the other ends of the third transition wire 11 and the fourth transition wire 12; so that the cooling water inlet pipe 13, the first transition wire 9, the third transition wire 11, the effective induction coil 1, the fourth transition wire 12, the second transition wire 10 and the cooling water outlet pipe 14 are communicated to form a circulating cooling water loop.
The cooling water spraying box 5 is communicated with four groups of cooling water spraying box water inlet pipes 21, and the cooling water spraying box water inlet pipes 21 are communicated with an external quenching cooling water pump and used for guiding cooling water into the cooling water box 5; the cooling water spray box 5 is fastened on the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 through a first connection plate 15 and a second connection plate 16 of the water spray box, an insulating nut 18, an insulating long stud 17 and an insulating washer 19. The quenching inductor comprises the following specific components and connection relations in detail:
first contact board 7 and second contact board 8 are the copper plate, and the structure is the same and set up side by side symmetry, are L type support body. The surfaces of the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 are milled with 4 groups of round through holes and are connected to contact plates of two electrodes of a transformer of the medium-frequency quenching power supply through nuts and studs; the first contact plate 7 is welded with the outer side wall of the first transition lead 9, and the second contact plate 8 is welded with the outer side wall of the second transition lead 10, so that the conductive loop of the quenching inductor is conductively connected with the medium-frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool. An insulating plate 20 made of polytetrafluoroethylene material with the thickness of 2mm is arranged between the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8, and the insulating plate 20 is fixed between the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 through 2 insulating long studs 17, 4 insulating nuts 18 and 4 insulating gaskets 19 so as to prevent the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 from being accidentally connected and being short-circuited.
The cooling water inlet pipe 13 and the cooling water outlet pipe 14 are symmetrically arranged in parallel, one end of the cooling water inlet pipe 13 is a water inlet and is connected with an external cooling water tank, the other end of the cooling water inlet pipe 13 is communicated with a first transition lead 9, one end of the cooling water outlet pipe 14 is a water outlet and is connected with an external water return tank, the other end of the cooling water inlet pipe 13 is communicated with a second transition lead 10, the first transition lead 9 is communicated with a third transition lead 11, the second transition lead 10 is communicated with a fourth transition lead 12, the third transition lead 11 and the fourth transition lead 12 are respectively communicated with an induction coil inner cavity 2 in an effective induction coil 1 to form a cooling circulating water loop, the cooling circulating water is guided into the inner cavity 2 of the downstream cooling water inlet pipe 13 through the cooling water inlet pipe 13 and is guided out through the cooling water outlet pipe 14, and heat generated by the effective heating lead in the heating process is carried away, the temperature of the induction coil is effectively reduced, the melting loss of the effective heating coil 1 is avoided, and the continuous normal and stable work of the quenching inductor is ensured.
The fillet position that the axle journal of semi-axis 6 is connected with the ring flange of semi-axis 6 is the flange end R fillet position of semi-axis 6, the clearance suit of effective induction coil 1 is on the axle journal of semi-axis 6 near the flange end R fillet position, the axial cross-section of effective induction coil 1 is the pentagon structure, including the outer annular surface that is located effective induction coil 1 outer loop, the inner annular surface that is located effective induction coil 1 inner loop, the top surface that is located effective induction coil top, the first slope bottom surface that is located effective induction coil bottom and slope setting that meets with the outer annular surface and the second slope bottom surface that slope setting that meets with first slope bottom surface and inner annular surface, outer annular surface and inner annular surface are parallel to each other;
the effective induction coil 1 is internally provided with a hollow cavity with a circular ring-shaped radial section, namely an induction coil inner cavity 2, the induction coil inner cavity 2 is internally provided with cooling water so as to form a cooling water channel of the effective induction coil 1, the opening of the induction coil inner cavity 2 positioned on the top surface of the effective induction coil 1 is covered and welded by a circular induction coil cover plate 3, and the upper surface of the induction coil cover plate 3 and two upper end surfaces on two sides of the opening of the top surface of the effective induction coil 1 are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the thickness b of the induction coil cover plate 3 is 2mm, the height a of the effective induction coil 1 in the vertical direction is 18mm, the minimum gap d between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil 1 and the shaft neck of the half shaft 6 is 75% -100% of the length of the R angle part of the half shaft 6 in the horizontal direction, the width c of the top surface of the effective induction coil 1 in the horizontal direction is 12mm, the included angle alpha between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil 1 and the horizontal direction is 105 degrees, the included angle beta between the first inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil 1 and the horizontal direction is 30 degrees, and the gap e between the initial position of the effective induction coil 1 when the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil 1 works and the flange plate of the half shaft 6 is 1-1.5 mm when the included angle gamma between the second inclined bottom surface of the. (ii) a
The magnetizer 4 is formed by fully arranging a plurality of magnetic-driving silicon steel sheets along the circumference of the effective induction coil 1, each magnetic-driving silicon steel sheet is of a heptagon groove-shaped structure with a one-way opening, the opening direction of each magnetic-driving silicon steel sheet faces to the R corner of the flange end of the half shaft, the openings of all the magnetic-driving silicon steel sheets form a groove of the magnetizer 4, the magnetizer 4 is inserted on the effective induction coil 1 through the groove, the inner surface of the groove of the magnetizer 4 is tightly attached to the outer ring surface, the top surface and the inner ring surface of the effective induction coil 1, and the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil 1 are positioned outside the magnetizer 4;
the magnetic driving silicon steel sheet is processed by linear cutting, and the thickness is about 0.25 mm.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of magnetic lines around the effective induction coil in the half-shaft part quenching inductor during working, wherein the effective induction coil is not assembled with the magnetic-driving silicon steel sheet; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of magnetic lines of force around the half-shaft part quenching inductor when the effective induction coil is fully filled with magnetic driving silicon steel sheets;
it can be seen from fig. 7 and 8 that the magnetic silicon steel sheet is driven to effectively improve the heating efficiency of the effective induction coil 1, the magnetic force lines generated by the induction coil can be guided and controlled, the phenomena of magnetic leakage and magnetic leakage are reduced, the magnetic force lines can be constrained to the flange and the R angle, and the power loss of the quenching inductor is reduced, so that the heating efficiency of the whole inductor is improved, and the magnetic silicon steel sheet is driven to be fully arranged in the whole effective induction coil.
One end of the cooling water spray box water inlet pipe 21 is connected with the cooling water spray box 5, and the other end of the cooling water spray box water inlet pipe is connected with an external quenching cooling water pump, and the cooling water spray box water inlet pipe is used for guiding external quenching cooling water into the cooling water spray box 5 for quenching injection;
the one end of the first connecting plate 15 of water spray box and the one end of the second connecting plate 16 of water spray box are all welded with the cooling water spray box 5 as an organic whole, the other end of the first connecting plate 15 of water spray box and the other end of the second connecting plate 16 of water spray box are fastened on the two sides of the first contact plate 7 and the second contact plate 8 through 4 insulation nuts 18, 2 insulation long studs 17 and 4 insulation gaskets 19, and the upper end of the cooling water spray box 5 and the lower end of the effective induction coil 1 of the inductor are located on the same horizontal plane, so that the timeliness of quenching and cooling is guaranteed. During quenching, cooling water sprayed from the cooling water box 5 is vertically sprayed to the radial direction of the half shaft 6, so that the half shaft part can be quenched in time, and the continuous quenching and cooling are timely, effective and sufficient.
The invention also provides a quenching method using the quenching inductor, which is illustrated by three embodiments as follows:
example 1:
the diameter of the shaft neck of the half shaft 6 to be quenched is phi 50mm, the material is 42CrMo, and the pre-heat treatment state is as follows: quenching and tempering 287-323 HBW, wherein the quenching area range is as follows: phi 50mm shaft diameter, flange end R angle position and spline, surface hardness: 52-58 HRc, effective hardened layer depth: DS-450 HV57.0～9.0。
The method comprises the following steps: placing a flange plate of a half shaft 6 downwards on a lower tip of a machine tool, enabling a spline part of the half shaft 6 to be upwards clamped through an upper tip, enabling the half shaft 6 to be located in an annular effective induction coil 1, and enabling the effective induction coil 1 to be in conduction connection with a medium-frequency quenching power supply through a first contact plate 7 and a second contact plate 8;
moving the quenching inductor to an initial heating position at a speed of 3000mm/min, so that the gap between the lowest point of the effective induction coil 1, namely the point on the intersection line of the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface and the half-shaft flange is 1.0-1.5 mm, and enabling the half shaft 6 to continuously rotate at a speed of 100 r/min;
step two: adjusting the output power of a medium-frequency quenching power supply in a quenching machine tool to be 122-150 KW, the direct-current voltage to be 350-370A, the direct-current voltage to be 380-400V and the matching frequency to be 2200-2600 Hz, so that the effective induction coil 1 performs initial heating on the R-angle part of the flange end of the semi-axis for 5-8S;
after the initial heating is finished, a servo motor in the quenching machine tool drives a quenching inductor to rapidly move upwards in a jumping mode along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 at the speed of 3000mm/min, the distance of the upwards jumping movement is the height of the effective induction coil 1, and meanwhile, a cooling water spraying box 5 sprays water to the corner R of the flange end of the half shaft for cooling and quenching;
step three: the effective induction coil 1 continuously heats the half shaft 6, so that the quenching inductor continuously moves at a constant speed of 200-260 mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 until the spline end of the half shaft 6 is the end position of the track of the axial movement, and the effective induction coil 1 stops heating the half shaft 6; and then the quenching inductor rapidly moves upwards at a speed of 3000mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6, the distance of the upwards moving is 2 times of the height of the effective induction coil 1, and after cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying box 5 continuously cools the position on the half shaft 6 and at the final heating stop time of the effective induction coil 1 for 10-15 s, the whole continuous quenching process is completed.
Example 2:
the diameter of the shaft neck of the half shaft 6 to be quenched is phi 54mm, the material is 42CrMo, and the pre-heat treatment state is as follows: quenching and tempering 287-323 HBW, wherein the quenching area range is as follows: phi 54mm shaft diameter, flange end R angle part and spline, surface hardness: 52-58 HRc, effective hardened layer depth: DS-450 HV58.0～10.0。
The method comprises the following steps: placing a flange plate of a half shaft 6 downwards on a lower tip of a machine tool, clamping the spline part of the half shaft 6 upwards through an upper tip, positioning the half shaft 6 in an annular effective heating coil 1, and connecting the effective induction coil 1 with a medium-frequency quenching power supply through a first contact plate 7 and a second contact plate 8 in a conduction manner;
moving the quenching inductor to an initial heating position at a speed of 3000mm/min, so that the gap between the lowest point of the effective induction coil 1, namely the point on the intersection line of the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface and the half-shaft flange is 1.0-1.5 mm, and enabling the half shaft 6 to continuously rotate at a speed of 100 r/min;
step two: adjusting the output power of a medium-frequency quenching power supply in a quenching machine tool to be 126-157 KW, the direct-current voltage to be 355-375A, the direct-current voltage to be 380-400V and the matching frequency to be 2200-2600 Hz, so that the effective induction coil 1 performs initial heating on the corner R of the flange end of the half shaft for 6-9S;
after the initial heating is finished, a servo motor in the quenching machine tool drives a quenching inductor to rapidly move upwards in a jumping mode along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 at the speed of 3000mm/min, the distance of the upwards jumping movement is the height of the effective induction coil 1, and meanwhile, a cooling water spraying box 5 sprays water to the corner R of the flange end of the half shaft for cooling and quenching;
step three: the effective induction coil 1 continuously heats the half shaft 6, so that the quenching inductor continuously moves at a constant speed of 200-260 mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 until the spline end of the half shaft 6 is the end position of the track of the axial movement, and the effective induction coil 1 stops heating the half shaft 6; and then the quenching inductor rapidly moves upwards at a speed of 3000mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6, the distance of the upwards moving is 2 times of the height of the effective induction coil 1, and after cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying box 5 continuously cools the position on the half shaft 6 and at the final heating stop time of the effective induction coil 1 for 10-15 s, the whole continuous quenching process is completed.
Example 3:
the diameter of the shaft neck of the half shaft 6 to be quenched is phi 58mm, the material is 42CrMo, and the pre-heat treatment state is as follows: quenching and tempering 287-323 HBW, wherein the quenching area range is as follows: phi 54mm shaft diameter, flange end R angle part and spline, surface hardness: 52-58 HRc, effective hardened layer depth: DS-450 HV510.0～12.0。
The method comprises the following steps: placing a flange plate of a half shaft 6 downwards on a lower tip of a machine tool, clamping the spline part of the half shaft 6 upwards through an upper tip, positioning the half shaft 6 in an annular effective heating coil 1, and connecting the effective induction coil 1 with a medium-frequency quenching power supply through a first contact plate 7 and a second contact plate 8 in a conduction manner;
the quenching inductor moves to an initial heating position at the speed of 3000mm/min, so that the clearance between the lowest point of the effective induction coil 1, namely the point on the intersection line of the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface and the half-shaft flange is about 1.0-1.5 mm, and the half shaft 6 is kept to continuously rotate at the speed of 100 r/min;
step two: adjusting the output power of a medium-frequency quenching power supply in a quenching machine tool to be 131-160 KW, the direct-current voltage to be 360-380A, the direct-current voltage to be 380-400V and the matching frequency to be 2200-2600 Hz, so that the effective induction coil 1 performs initial heating on the R-angle part of the flange end of the semi-axis for 7-10S;
after the initial heating is finished, a servo motor in the quenching machine tool drives a quenching inductor to rapidly move upwards in a jumping mode along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 at the speed of 3000mm/min, the distance of the upwards jumping movement is the height of the effective induction coil 1, and meanwhile, a cooling water spraying box 5 sprays water to the corner R of the flange end of the half shaft for cooling and quenching;
step three: the effective induction coil 1 continuously heats the half shaft 6, so that the quenching inductor continuously moves at a constant speed of 200-260 mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6 until the spline end of the half shaft 6 is the end position of the track of the axial movement, and the effective induction coil 1 stops heating the half shaft 6; and then the quenching inductor rapidly moves upwards at a speed of 3000mm/min along the axial direction of the half shaft 6, the distance of the upwards moving is 2 times of the height of the effective induction coil 1, and after cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying box 5 continuously cools the position on the half shaft 6 and at the final heating stop time of the effective induction coil 1 for 10-15 s, the whole continuous quenching process is completed.
In the above three examples, the pressure of the cooling water sprayed from the cooling water box 5 was 0.3MPa, the cooling water consisted of the quenching medium and water, the concentration of the quenching medium was 5%, and the quenching medium used in the three examples was hogfington brand quenching liquid, the main component of which was polyalkylene glycol based high molecular compound.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a half axle class part quenching inductor, including radial cross-section for annular effective induction coil (1), magnetizer (4), with annular cooling water spray box (5) of effective induction coil (1) fixed connection, effective induction coil (1) and the intermediate frequency quenching power turn-on connection in the quenching lathe, servo motor in the quenching lathe can drive the quenching inductor with the speed of setting for up and down, control and back-and-forth movement, the bight position that the axle journal of semi-axis (6) is connected with the ring flange of semi-axis (6) is the flange end R bight position of semi-axis (6), effective induction coil (1) clearance suit is on the axle journal of semi-axis (6) near flange end R bight position, its characterized in that:
the axial cross section of the effective induction coil (1) is of a pentagonal structure and comprises an outer annular surface positioned on an outer ring of the effective induction coil (1), an inner annular surface positioned on an inner ring of the effective induction coil (1), a top surface positioned on the top of the effective induction coil, a first inclined bottom surface which is positioned at the bottom of the effective induction coil and is obliquely arranged with the outer annular surface, and a second inclined bottom surface which is positioned with the first inclined bottom surface and is obliquely arranged with the inner annular surface, wherein the outer annular surface and the inner annular surface are parallel to each other;
the effective induction coil (1) is internally provided with a hollow cavity with a circular ring-shaped radial section, namely an induction coil inner cavity (2), the induction coil inner cavity (2) is internally provided with cooling water to form a cooling water channel of the effective induction coil (1), an opening of the induction coil inner cavity (2) positioned on the top surface of the effective induction coil (1) is covered by a circular ring-shaped induction coil cover plate (3), and the upper surface of the induction coil cover plate (3) and two upper end surfaces on two sides of the opening of the top surface of the effective induction coil (1) are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
the thickness b of the induction coil cover plate (3) is 2mm, the height a of the effective induction coil (1) in the vertical direction is 18mm, the minimum gap d between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil (1) and the shaft neck of the half shaft (6) is 75% -100% of the length of the R angle of the half shaft (6) in the horizontal direction, the width c of the top surface of the effective induction coil (1) in the horizontal direction is 12mm, the included angle alpha between the inner annular surface of the effective induction coil (1) and the horizontal direction is 105 degrees, the included angle beta between the first inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil (1) and the horizontal direction is 30 degrees, the included angle gamma between the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil (1) and the horizontal direction is 15 degrees, and the gap e between the initial position of the effective induction coil (1) and the flange plate of the half shaft (6) during working is 1-1.5 mm;
the magnetic conductor (4) is formed by a plurality of magnetic silicon steel sheets which are fully arranged along the circumference of the effective induction coil (1), the magnetic silicon steel sheets are of a heptagon groove-shaped structure with one-way openings, the opening direction of the magnetic silicon steel sheets faces the R corner of the flange end of the half shaft, the openings of all the magnetic silicon steel sheets form a groove of the magnetic conductor (4), the magnetic conductor (4) is inserted on the effective induction coil (1) through the groove, the inner surface of the groove of the magnetic conductor (4) is tightly attached to the outer ring surface, the top surface and the inner ring surface of the effective induction coil (1), and the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface of the effective induction coil (1) are positioned outside the magnetic conductor (4);
the inner circle ring surface of the cooling water spraying box (5) is fully distributed with water spraying holes, and the cooling water spraying box (5) is connected with a quenching cooling water pump.
2. The quenching inductor for the half-shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a first contact plate (7), a second contact plate (8), a first transition wire (9), a second transition wire (10), a third transition wire (11), a fourth transition wire (12), a cooling water inlet pipe (13) and a cooling water outlet pipe (14);
the first transition lead (9) and the third transition lead (11) are hollow metal pipes, and the cooling water inlet pipe (13) is communicated with the induction coil inner cavity (2) of the effective induction coil (1) through the first transition lead (9) and the third transition lead (11);
the second transition lead (10) and the fourth transition lead (12) are hollow metal pipes, and the cooling water outlet pipe (14) is communicated with the induction coil inner cavity (2) of the effective induction coil (1) through the second transition lead (10) and the fourth transition lead (12); the cooling water inlet pipe (13) is communicated with an external cooling water tank through a water pump, and the cooling water outlet pipe (14) is communicated with an external water return tank;
one end of the first contact plate (7) is fixedly connected with a contact plate on one electrode of a transformer of an intermediate frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool, one end of the second contact plate (8) is fixedly connected with a contact plate on the other electrode of the transformer of the intermediate frequency quenching power supply in the quenching machine tool, the other end of the first contact plate (7) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the first transition lead (9), circuit conduction is achieved, the other end of the second contact plate (8) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the second transition lead (10), and circuit conduction is achieved.
3. The quenching inductor for the half-shaft parts as claimed in claim 2, further comprising an insulating plate (20), 2 groups of insulating long studs (17), 4 groups of insulating nuts (18), a first connecting plate (15) of the water spraying box, a second connecting plate (16) of the water spraying box, 4 groups of insulating gaskets (19) and 4 groups of cooling water spraying box water inlet pipes (21);
the insulating plate (20) is fixed between the first contact plate (7) and the second contact plate (8) through 2 groups of insulating long studs (17);
the first contact plate (7) and the second contact plate (8) have the same structure and are both bent L-shaped frame bodies;
a servo motor in the quenching machine tool can drive the whole quenching sensor to move through a first contact plate (7) and a second contact plate (8);
the lower parts of the first connecting plate (15) and the second connecting plate (16) of the water spraying box are connected with the cooling water spraying box (5), and 2 insulating long studs (17), 4 insulating nuts (18) and 4 insulating gaskets (19) fix the other end of the first connecting plate (15) of the water spraying box on the first contact plate (7) and fix the upper part of the second connecting plate (16) of the water spraying box on the second contact plate (8);
one end of the 4 groups of cooling water spraying box water inlet pipes (21) is respectively communicated with the cooling water spraying box (5), and the other end is connected with an external quenching cooling water pump.
4. The quenching inductor for the half-shaft parts according to claim 3, wherein the first contact plate (7), the second contact plate (8), the first transition wire (9), the second transition wire (10), the third transition wire (11), the fourth transition wire (12), the effective induction coil (1), the induction coil cover plate (3), the cooling water inlet pipe (13), the cooling water outlet pipe (14), the cooling water spraying box (5), the first water spraying box connecting plate (15), the second water spraying box connecting plate (16) and the cooling water spraying box inlet pipe (21) are all made of red copper.
5. The quenching inductor for the half-shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective induction coil (1) and the induction coil cover plate (3) are both made of red copper by machining through a numerically controlled lathe.
6. The quenching inductor for half-shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the induction coil cover plate (3) and the opening of the top surface of the effective induction coil (1) are welded together.
7. The quenching inductor for half-shaft parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the cooling water spray box (5) is located on the same plane as the intersection line of the lowest point of the effective induction coil (1), i.e. the first inclined bottom surface and the second inclined bottom surface.
8. The method for quenching the half-shaft part by using the quenching inductor of the half-shaft part as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after an effective induction coil (1) matched and corresponding to the half shaft (6) is connected with an intermediate frequency quenching power supply through a first contact plate (7) and a second contact plate (8), adjusting the initial position of the effective induction coil (1) to enable the gap e between the lowest point of the effective induction coil (1), namely the point on the intersection line of a first inclined bottom surface and a second inclined bottom surface, and a flange plate of the half shaft (6) to be 1.0-1.5 mm, and enabling the half shaft (6) to continuously rotate at the speed of 100 r/min;
step two: adjusting the output power of an intermediate frequency quenching power supply in a quenching machine tool to be 122-160 KW, the direct current to be 350-380A, the direct voltage to be 380-400V and the matching frequency to be 2200-2600 Hz, enabling an effective induction coil (1) to initially heat the R corner of the semi-axis flange end, wherein the initial heating time is 5-10 s, after the initial heating is finished, a servo motor in the quenching machine tool drives a quenching inductor to rapidly jump upwards along the axial direction of a semi-axis (6) at the speed of 3000mm/min, the moving distance is the height of the effective induction coil (1), and meanwhile, a cooling water spraying box (5) sprays water to the R corner of the semi-axis flange end for cooling and quenching;
step three: the effective induction coil (1) continuously heats the half shaft (6), so that the quenching inductor continuously moves along the axial direction of the half shaft (6) at a constant speed of 200-260 mm/min and heats the half shaft (6) until the spline end of the half shaft (6) is the end position of the track of the axial movement, the heating of the half shaft (6) by the effective induction coil (1) is stopped, then the quenching inductor rapidly jumps up along the axial direction of the half shaft (6) at a speed of 3000mm/min, the moving distance is 2 times of the height of the effective induction coil (1), cooling water sprayed by the cooling water spraying box (5) continuously cools the half shaft (6) and the position of the effective induction coil (1) when the final heating is stopped for 10-15 s, and then the continuous induction quenching process of the whole half shaft (6) is completed.
9. The method for quenching the half-shaft type parts as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pressure of the cooling water sprayed from the cooling water box (5) is 0.3MPa, the cooling water is composed of a quenching medium and water, and the concentration of the quenching medium is 5%.
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| CN201910834956.4A CN110607426A (en) | 2019-09-05 | 2019-09-05 | Half shaft part quenching inductor and quenching method |
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| CN112609051A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-04-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hollow stepped shaft double-journal and transition fillet simultaneous quenching inductor and quenching method |
| CN113621770A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 丰县飞洋金属制品有限公司 | Half shaft quenching device, cooling system applied to half shaft quenching device and quenching and cooling method |
| CN115094201A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-23 | 湖北神力汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Quenching inductor of semi-axis flange plate |
| CN115094221A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-23 | 湖北天舒感应科技股份有限公司 | Long pipe fitting induction hardening device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112609051A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-04-06 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Hollow stepped shaft double-journal and transition fillet simultaneous quenching inductor and quenching method |
| CN113621770A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-11-09 | 丰县飞洋金属制品有限公司 | Half shaft quenching device, cooling system applied to half shaft quenching device and quenching and cooling method |
| CN115094221A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-23 | 湖北天舒感应科技股份有限公司 | Long pipe fitting induction hardening device |
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| CN115094201A (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-09-23 | 湖北神力汽车零部件股份有限公司 | Quenching inductor of semi-axis flange plate |
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