CN116002933B - Preparation method of pure water - Google Patents

Preparation method of pure water Download PDF

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CN116002933B
CN116002933B CN202310295164.0A CN202310295164A CN116002933B CN 116002933 B CN116002933 B CN 116002933B CN 202310295164 A CN202310295164 A CN 202310295164A CN 116002933 B CN116002933 B CN 116002933B
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exchange resin
parts
cation exchange
resin
modified
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CN116002933A (en
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刘超
杨淑英
龙荣
袁思华
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Chengdu Zhihe Environmental Protection Science & Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Zhihe Environmental Protection Science & Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131Reverse-osmosis

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of pure water, belonging to the technical field of pure water preparation; comprises an adsorption filtration stage, a reverse osmosis purification stage, a disinfection stage and a resin ion exchange stage; wherein the ion exchange resin used in the resin ion exchange stage comprises a modified cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, and the modified cation exchange resin comprises a cation exchange resin, chitosan, a composite flocculant, a composite adsorbent, modified magnetic ferric oxide and a silicone resin; the composite flocculant is formed by compounding chitosan and flocculant, and the composite adsorbent is formed by compounding chitosan and activated carbon; when the ion exchange resin prepared by the invention is used for preparing pure water, trace soluble organic matters and colloid organic matters which are difficult to remove can be obviously removed, TOC of the pure water is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the smooth operation of the ion exchange work is not influenced.

Description

Preparation method of pure water
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pure water preparation, in particular to a preparation method of pure water.
Background
Pure water is an inorganic compound, and has a chemical formula of H 2 O, a structured liquid, although it is not rigid, is much more regular than the arrangement of gaseous water molecules. In liquid water, the molecules of water do not exist as single molecules, but rather there are several molecules that associate with hydrogen bonds to form clusters of water molecules (H 2 O), thus orientation of water moleculesAnd movement will be significantly affected by other surrounding water molecules. There are no positive structural models for the structure of water, and there are mainly 3 accepted: hybrid, interstitial and continuous structure (or homogeneous structure) models.
Currently, pure water preparation mainly comprises the following three stages, namely a preliminary adsorption filtration stage, a reverse osmosis purification stage and a resin ion exchange stage.
Wherein, ion exchange resin is needed in the resin ion exchange stage, at present, ion exchange resin produced and sold on the market mainly takes cross-linked polymer (such as styrene/divinylbenzene resin) as a framework, cation exchange resin with sulfonate and carboxylate as main ion exchange functional groups, anion exchange resin with quaternary ammonium salt as main ion exchange functional groups and chelate resin (or called complexing resin) with amino, acetic acid and other coordination groups as main coordination groups, and the ion exchange resin also contains-OH and-NH formed by condensation of resorcinol, phenylenediamine and formaldehyde 2 The complex resin can effectively realize the aim of ion exchange, but is difficult to effectively remove trace soluble and colloid organic matters in water, so that the treated pure water is easy to cause bacterial reproduction during storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of pure water; the modified cation exchange resin is prepared by compounding cation exchange resin, chitosan, activated carbon, flocculant, modified magnetic ferric oxide and organic silicon resin, trace soluble organic matters and colloid organic matters which are difficult to remove by conventional ion exchange resin can be obviously removed when the modified cation exchange resin is used for preparing pure water, TOC (total organic carbon) of the pure water can be obviously reduced under the condition that the resistivity reaches the standard of high-purity water, and meanwhile, the smooth operation of ion exchange work is not influenced.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of pure water comprises an adsorption filtration stage, a reverse osmosis purification stage, a disinfection stage and a resin ion exchange stage; wherein the ion exchange resin used in the resin ion exchange stage comprises a modified cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, wherein the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components:
cation exchange resin, chitosan, composite flocculant, composite adsorbent, modified magnetic ferric oxide and organic silicon resin;
the composite flocculant is formed by compounding chitosan and flocculant, and the composite adsorbent is formed by compounding chitosan and activated carbon.
As some embodiments of the present application, the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100-125 parts of cation exchange resin, 10-18 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of composite flocculant, 10-15 parts of composite adsorbent, 5-7 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 5-8 parts of organic silicon resin.
As some embodiments of the present application, the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
110-120 parts of cation exchange resin, 12-16 parts of chitosan, 12-14 parts of composite flocculant, 12-13 parts of composite adsorbent, 6 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 6-7 parts of organic silicon resin.
As some embodiments of the present application, the chitosan is modified chitosan.
As some embodiments of the present application, the silicone resin is a hydroxymethyl silicone resin.
As some embodiments of the present application, the modified cation exchange resin is prepared as follows:
and weighing cation exchange resin, regulating the pH of the system to 6.8-7.3, adding a cross-linking agent, adding a composite adsorbent, a composite flocculant, modified ferroferric oxide and organic silicon resin, fully reacting, and drying to obtain the modified cation exchange resin.
As some embodiments of the present application, the adsorption filtration stage comprises:
s11, mechanical filtering; s12 Fenton treatment; s13, filtering by using active carbon; s14, ultrafiltration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the modified cation exchange resin is obtained by compounding the cation exchange resin, chitosan, activated carbon, flocculant, modified magnetic ferric oxide and organic silicon resin, and trace soluble organic matters and colloid organic matters can be obviously removed after the resin is used in the preparation process of pure water, so that TOC in the pure water is reduced to below 7.5 ppb, and meanwhile, the resistivity of the pure water reaches the standard of high-purity water, thereby further indicating that the resin does not influence the smooth operation of ion exchange work.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
In the prior art, ion exchange resin can effectively realize ion exchange, so as to realize the purpose of desalting, but trace soluble and colloid organic matters in water are difficult to effectively remove, so that the treated pure water is easy to cause bacterial reproduction during storage.
Based on the above, the invention provides a preparation method of pure water, comprising an adsorption filtration stage, a reverse osmosis purification stage, a disinfection stage and a resin ion exchange stage; wherein the ion exchange resin used in the resin ion exchange stage comprises a modified cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, wherein the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components:
cation exchange resin, chitosan, composite flocculant, composite adsorbent, modified magnetic ferric oxide and organic silicon resin;
the composite flocculant is formed by compounding chitosan and flocculant, and the composite adsorbent is formed by compounding chitosan and activated carbon.
In the preparation process of the pure water, the adsorption filtration stage and the reverse osmosis purificationThe conventional method is adopted in the sterilization stage, the ultraviolet sterilization method is adopted in the sterilization stage, the emission wavelength of the UV lamp is limited, the emission wavelength is mainly 254nm and 185nm, and a small amount of the ultraviolet sterilization method is 194nm, wherein the radiation with the wavelength of 254nm has the strongest sterilization capability, can destroy DNA and RNA polymerase, can effectively prevent bacteria from being replicated only in a low amount, and has sterilization effect in a higher dosage; the radiation with shorter wavelength (185 nm) has very good oxidation effect on organic matters; UV breaks up large organic molecules into smaller ionic compounds (CO 2 And water), effectively reducing the content of organic matters. After the raw water is disinfected in the disinfection stage, the TOC in the raw water can be obviously reduced, and a foundation is provided for further reducing the TOC in the ion exchange resin stage.
In the ion exchange stage, the standard of TOC can be remarkably reduced by improving the existing ion exchange resin, so that the TOC content is controlled within 10 ppb. Specifically, the chitosan has a strong adsorption effect, and can effectively remove microorganisms, organic matters and heavy metal ions in water; after chitosan is added into the cation exchange resin, a plurality of hydroxyl groups and amino groups contained in the chitosan molecular structural unit are easy to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups and other groups in the cation exchange resin, so that the combination of the hydroxyl groups and the amino groups is facilitated, however, the chitosan is only added into the cation exchange resin, and the obtained modified resin at least needs to overcome the following defects:
the method comprises the following steps: the chitosan and the cation exchange resin have certain acting force, so that the aim of ion exchange can be successfully fulfilled at the initial stage of ion exchange, however, as the ion exchange is carried out, under the action of water flow and gravity, the viscosity stability of the chitosan is poor, and other factors, the binding force between the chitosan and the cation exchange resin is gradually reduced, so that the chitosan is migrated, the chitosan is unevenly distributed in the modified cation exchange resin, the contact area between water and the chitosan is reduced, the adsorption effect of organic matters is reduced, and meanwhile, the chitosan is downwards moved to block the pore structure of the cation exchange resin, so that the water permeability is influenced and the cation exchange rate is reduced;
and two,: the bridging capability of chitosan is poor, and the modified cation exchange resin is compacted continuously under the action of water flow and gravity in the ion exchange process, so that the water permeability is affected, the adsorption effect of organic matters is reduced, the height of a resin layer is reduced rapidly, and the exchange efficiency is affected;
and thirdly,: the organic matters in the water are mostly removed before the ion exchange resin, so that the content of the organic matters in the water passing through the ion exchange resin is low, the trace organic matters are difficult to remove, and the effect of the chitosan on the removal of the trace organic matters is not obvious due to the limited pore diameter of the chitosan;
on the basis, a composite adsorbent compounded by chitosan and activated carbon and a composite flocculant compounded by chitosan and flocculant are added, the adsorption performance of the composite adsorbent is obviously improved compared with that of single chitosan and activated carbon, and meanwhile, after the chitosan is compounded, the bridging capacity of the chitosan can be obviously improved, so that the compacting speed of the chitosan due to the action of water flow or gravity is reduced; meanwhile, the composite flocculant can accelerate flocculation and sedimentation of organic matters, so that the composite adsorbent can rapidly capture colloidal organic matters, and the adsorption capacity of the organic matters is further improved;
among the above components, the cation exchange resin (the strong acid cation exchange resin is mainly selected as the supporting framework in the invention), the composite adsorbent and the composite flocculant are filled in the supporting framework as the filler, and although the bridging capability of the composite flocculant is improved, the risk of collapse and fragmentation of the filler is further improved, in actual application, the aggregation phenomenon of the composite adsorbent, the composite flocculant and the redundant chitosan still occurs, and meanwhile, the filler is difficult to uniformly distribute in the supporting framework due to unstable viscosity of the chitosan, so that the filler is unevenly dispersed in the supporting framework.
Furthermore, on the basis of the components, ferroferric oxide (namely modified ferroferric oxide) with the polymer modified surface is added, the modified ferroferric oxide can effectively avoid agglomeration among fillers, so that the fillers are uniformly dispersed in a supporting framework, meanwhile, the strength and the hardness of the fillers can be effectively enhanced due to the high strength and the high hardness of the modified ferroferric oxide, collapse of the fillers and the supporting framework caused by water flow and gravity is avoided, the resin layer can be further ensured to keep the same height for a long time, and the ion exchange work and the adsorption effect can be stably and continuously carried out; and the chitosan can be prevented from being cracked under long-term water pressure, so that the adsorption capacity is reduced.
Finally, when the components are solidified, the viscosity of the chitosan is increased, so that fluidity is deteriorated, and dispersion of each group is uneven.
Through the functions of the components, the prepared cation exchange resin can effectively adsorb organic matters, and further effectively reduce TOC in pure water.
In order to further reduce TOC in pure water, as some possible embodiments of the present application, the amount of each component of the modified cation exchange resin is defined, that is, the modified cation exchange resin includes the following components in parts by weight:
100-125 parts of cation exchange resin, 10-18 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of composite flocculant, 10-15 parts of composite adsorbent, 5-7 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 5-8 parts of organic silicon resin.
In order to further reduce TOC in pure water, as some possible embodiments of the present application, the amounts of the components of the modified cation exchange resin are defined, i.e., the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
110-120 parts of cation exchange resin, 12-16 parts of chitosan, 12-14 parts of composite flocculant, 12-13 parts of composite adsorbent, 6 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 6-7 parts of organic silicon resin.
In order to further reduce TOC in pure water, as some possible embodiments of the present application, a further limitation is made to the kind of chitosan, i.e. the chitosan is a modified chitosan. Although the composite adsorbent and the composite flocculant can promote the adsorption of organic matters, the TOC content in the pure water is always more than 15 ppb; meanwhile, due to the small pore diameter of the composite adsorbent, the flocculated organic matters are easy to block the pore diameter of the adsorbent, so that the permeability of water and the capability of continuously adsorbing the organic matters and exchanging ions are reduced; in order to overcome the defects, before the activated carbon and the flocculant are added, the chitosan is modified in advance, the pore diameter of the modified chitosan is effectively increased, the adsorption capacity to organic matters is further improved after the modified chitosan is compounded with the activated carbon and the flocculant, and meanwhile, the volume of the filler in the supporting framework is increased due to the increase of the pore diameter of the chitosan, so that the water permeability is improved; meanwhile, the collapse and the height reduction speed of the modified cation exchange resin layer in the ion exchange process are effectively delayed.
In order to further reduce TOC in pure water, as some possible embodiments of the present application, a further limitation is made to the kind of the silicone resin, i.e., the silicone resin is a hydroxymethyl silicone resin. Because the hydroxymethyl organosilicon resin has no benzene ring and small steric hindrance, the hydroxymethyl organosilicon resin has small influence on intermolecular forces among other components, and can further maintain the binding force among the components.
In addition, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a modified cation exchange resin, comprising the steps of:
and weighing cation exchange resin, regulating the pH of the system to 6.8-7.3, adding a cross-linking agent, adding a composite adsorbent, a composite flocculant, modified ferroferric oxide and organic silicon resin, fully reacting, and drying to obtain the modified cation exchange resin.
In order to further increase the solid impurities and colloidal substances in the raw water, as some embodiments of the present application, an adsorption filtration stage is further defined, that is, the adsorption filtration stage includes: s11, mechanical filtering; s12 Fenton treatment; s13, filtering by using active carbon; s14, ultrafiltration. Some mechanical impurities such as rust and other suspended substances can be removed by mechanical filtration; the Fenton treatment can damage the stability of the raw water to the greatest extent, so that a large amount of suspended matters are formed by stable colloid substances and the like in the raw water; the impurity in raw water and new solid impurities generated in the Fenton process can be removed in an active carbon filtering mode, so that the high impurity content is avoided, the ultrafiltration membrane is blocked, and the ultrafiltration efficiency is reduced.
The preparation of pure water in the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Noteworthy are: the raw water in the following examples and comparative examples is tap water of the same batch, and the parameters of tap water are as follows:
the conductivity is 400-500 mu s/cm, and the TOC content is 1500-2000 ppb.
Example 1
Preparation of cation exchange resin:
s01, preparing a composite adsorbent and a composite flocculant:
weighing 2g of modified chitosan (the preparation method is the same as that of the invention patent No. CN2015136368. X), adding 30-40ml of 5% acetic acid aqueous solution, stirring and swelling for 30min, adding 5g of active carbon powder, stirring and dispersing uniformly, adding 5-6ml of glutaraldehyde solution as a cross-linking agent, stirring uniformly, reacting at 65-75 ℃ for 2-2.5h, washing with 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution, distilled water and ethanol in sequence, and vacuum drying to obtain a composite adsorbent; adding 30-40ml of 0.5% acetic acid solution into 1-2g of modified chitosan to swell, then dripping the swelled solution into 100ml of micro-heat polysilicate ferric sulfate solution (wherein, the polysilicate ferric sulfate is 0.2-0.4 times of the mass of the modified chitosan), curing for 12h, and then vacuum drying for 5-6h at 40-50 ℃ to obtain the composite flocculant (prior art).
S02, preparation of modified cation exchange resin:
110 parts of sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin is taken and soaked in 5% hydrochloric acid solution, then 8mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is used for regulating the pH value of the system to 6.8-7.3, then 5-6 parts of cross-linking agent glutaraldehyde solution is added, 10 parts of modified chitosan, 10 parts of composite adsorbent, 15 parts of composite flocculant, 5 parts of modified ferroferric oxide (namely ferroferric oxide modified by polymers such as polyethylene glycol, polylactic acid and the like) and 8 parts of organic silicon resin are added, after full reaction for 3-4 hours, the modified cation exchange resin is obtained by drying in vacuum for 8-10 hours at 45-55 ℃.
The cation exchange resin and the conventional anion exchange resin (quaternary ammonium type anion exchange resin) are filled into an ion exchange resin system according to the conventional filling mode according to the proportion of 1:1.5, wherein the filling mode is a mixed bed filling mode.
Thereafter, it was applied to the preparation of pure water, the preparation method of which is as follows:
s1, sequentially carrying out mechanical filtration, fenton treatment, active carbon filtration and ultrafiltration treatment on raw water to obtain filtered raw water;
s2, introducing the filtered raw water into a reverse osmosis device to obtain reverse osmosis water;
s3, ultraviolet disinfection is carried out on reverse osmosis water to obtain disinfection water; the TOC of the sterilized water is 67 ppb;
s4, introducing the sterilized water into a mixed bed to obtain desalted water;
s5, filtering the desalted water with a 0.12 mu m filter membrane to obtain pure water.
The above steps are all prior art, and are not described herein.
The pure water thus obtained was subjected to correlation index measurement to obtain a TOC of 7.5 ppb and a resistivity of > 13 megaohms.
Example 2
The procedure and parameters were the same as in example 1 except that the amount of the modified cation exchange resin used was adjusted as in example 1.
The modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
115 parts of sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin, 12 parts of modified chitosan, 12 parts of composite adsorbent, 13 parts of composite flocculant, 6 parts of modified ferroferric oxide and 6 parts of organic silicon resin.
The modified cation exchange resin is applied to the preparation of pure water, and the TOC of the obtained pure water is 6.7ppb, and the resistivity is more than 13 megaohms.
Example 3
The procedure and parameters were the same as in example 1 except that the amount of the modified cation exchange resin used was adjusted as in example 1.
The modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
117 parts of sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin, 15 parts of modified chitosan, 13 parts of composite adsorbent, 12.5 parts of composite flocculant, 6 parts of modified ferroferric oxide and 6.2 parts of organic silicon resin are taken.
The modified cation exchange resin is applied to the preparation of pure water, and the TOC of the obtained pure water is 4.8ppb, and the resistivity is more than 13 megaohms.
Comparative example 1 (Prior Art)
Compared with example 1, the cation exchange resin in the mixed bed is only sulfonic acid type cation exchange resin; the ion exchange resin in the mixed bed is used for preparing pure water, and the obtained pure water has the following parameters: TOC is 27.8ppb, resistivity > 10 megaohms.
Comparative example 2
Compared with example 1, modified chitosan was removed, and the remaining parameters and steps were unchanged.
The TOC of the pure water thus prepared was 19.1ppb.
Comparative example 3
Compared with example 1, the modified ferroferric oxide is removed, and the rest parameters and steps are unchanged.
The TOC of the pure water thus prepared was 16.7ppb.
Comparative example 4
Compared with example 1, the composite adsorbent, the composite flocculant and the modified ferroferric oxide are removed, and the rest parameters and steps are unchanged.
The TOC of the pure water thus prepared was 24.2ppb.
As can be seen from the comparison of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 above: when the modified cation exchange resin prepared strictly according to the components and the formula in the invention is used for preparing pure water, the resistivity can reach more than 13 megaohms, and meanwhile, the TOC is not higher than 7.5 ppb; the resin in comparative example 1 is a conventional resin, i.e., the prior art, and when applied to pure water preparation, the resistivity can reach more than 12 megaohms, but the TOC is 27.8ppb, which is far greater than the TOC concentration of the present invention; after the components in the modified cation exchange resin are reduced in comparative examples 2 to 4, the TOC is inferior to that of the present invention, and therefore, the components in the cation exchange resin embodying the present invention are unified and integrated, and it is difficult to achieve the purpose of effectively reducing the TOC by reducing any one component. Meanwhile, the ion exchange resin can remarkably reduce TOC content, and can ensure that the resistivity is stabilized to be more than 13 megaohms, thereby having remarkable progress.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and is not to be considered as an exclusive use of other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or skills in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The preparation method of the pure water is characterized by comprising an adsorption filtration stage, a reverse osmosis purification stage, a disinfection stage and a resin ion exchange stage;
wherein the ion exchange resin used in the resin ion exchange stage comprises a modified cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin, wherein the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components:
cation exchange resin, chitosan, composite flocculant, composite adsorbent, modified magnetic ferric oxide and organic silicon resin;
the composite flocculant is formed by compounding chitosan and flocculant, and the composite adsorbent is formed by compounding chitosan and activated carbon;
the chitosan is modified chitosan;
the organic silicon resin is hydroxymethyl organic silicon resin;
the adsorption filtration stage comprises: s11, mechanical filtering; s12 Fenton treatment; s13, filtering by using active carbon; s14, ultrafiltration;
the method adopted in the disinfection stage is an ultraviolet disinfection method.
2. The method for producing pure water according to claim 1, wherein the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
100-125 parts of cation exchange resin, 10-18 parts of chitosan, 10-15 parts of composite flocculant, 10-15 parts of composite adsorbent, 5-7 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 5-8 parts of organic silicon resin.
3. The method for producing pure water according to claim 1, wherein the modified cation exchange resin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
110-120 parts of cation exchange resin, 12-16 parts of chitosan, 12-14 parts of composite flocculant, 12-13 parts of composite adsorbent, 6 parts of modified magnetic ferric oxide and 6-7 parts of organic silicon resin.
4. The method for producing pure water according to claim 1, wherein the modified cation exchange resin is produced by:
and weighing cation exchange resin, regulating the pH of the system to 6.8-7.3, adding a cross-linking agent, adding a composite adsorbent, a composite flocculant, modified ferroferric oxide and organic silicon resin, fully reacting, and drying to obtain the modified cation exchange resin.
CN202310295164.0A 2023-03-24 2023-03-24 Preparation method of pure water Active CN116002933B (en)

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