CN111675376A - Integrated intensive distribution type drinking water purification and supply process and device - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process and equipment, wherein the process comprises the following steps: raw water, flocculation, precision filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, ion exchange resin treatment, activated carbon filtration, disinfection, variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply, terminal filtration and water consumption point. The equipment comprises a dosing flocculation device, a security filter, an ultrafiltration device, a nanofiltration device, a filtration tank with an ion exchange resin filter core, an activated carbon filter, an ultraviolet disinfection device, a variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply device and a core type filter which are sequentially connected between raw water and a water consumption point. The invention can effectively remove pollutants in water, ensures the safety of the water quality of drinking water, and has reasonable process flow and compact structure.

Description

Integrated intensive distribution type drinking water purification and supply process and device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a drinking water purification and supply process and equipment, in particular to an integrated intensively-distributed drinking water purification and supply process and equipment, belonging to the technical field of water treatment.

Background

Research and study on water environment in recent decades show that a large amount of domestic pollutants, industrial pollutants and agricultural pollutants exist in the existing water body, wherein the pollutants comprise heavy metal pollutants, pesticide pollutants, thousands of pollutants of medicines and personal care products and the like, the pollutants enter rivers and lakes through domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and agricultural wastewater, migrate and convert in the water environment and finally enter drinking water sources, so that the water body is polluted, the carcinogenic toxicity of certain typical pollutants is several times or even hundreds of times of that of conventional pollutants, the typical pollutants have great influence on body functions, bring health risks to human beings and harm industry, agriculture and fishery, and therefore huge negative influence is generated on social life.

The polluted drinking water source mainly refers to lake water, river water, pond water and the like under the condition of no water source area protection, for example, some tap water sources in rural areas are river water, dirty pond water and the like under the condition of no water source area protection; in addition, the emergency water supply system can also be used for various situations needing emergency water supply, such as field operations, camping, field exploration and the like. The water source of urban water (tap water) is more river water, lake water and the like with the protection condition of a water source area, and the pollution of the water source protected by the water source area is limited and controllable naturally.

At present, the drinking tap water in each city is treated by adopting a main process of 'coagulation-precipitation-filtration-disinfection', the conventional water treatment facilities of the process have lower removal efficiency of the pollutants, and a large number of small tap water plant water treatment facilities in villages and small towns are simpler and more crude, have poor water quality and taste and have high safety risk.

The general mineral water process is 'sand carbon filtering, cartridge filter, ultrafiltering, disinfection and sterilization', and the operation of the process is that the raw water of the mineral water is spring water generally, so that the water quality is good, and the mineral water source does not contain heavy metal, pesticide and the like, so that the process is not suitable for the water quality with serious pollution in rivers and lakes in various regions.

The general pure water process is 'sand carbon filtration, cartridge filter, reverse osmosis and disinfection and sterilization', the adopted raw water is tap water, namely urban water, the water quality of the raw water is higher, the reverse osmosis can remove 99.8% of ions in the water, such as magnesium, zinc, iron, iodine, selenium and the like, and some inorganic salts, and if the pure water is drunk for a long time, the intake of trace elements of human bodies is inevitably greatly reduced, thus being not beneficial to the health of the human bodies.

These water treatment processes obviously do not provide a thorough purification of drinking water from the contaminated drinking water source.

In contrast, in the field or in the area where there is no water supply through the city pipe network, there are some other known water treatment apparatuses or methods that, although it is claimed that the river water or stream water can be purified and then used for drinking, because the existence of various pollutants is not fully taken into consideration, the water quality can be improved to a certain extent in practice, and the purpose of healthy drinking cannot be achieved.

Based on the current situation, it is not easy to form a complete, effective and reasonably-arranged treatment system to purify polluted water such as rivers, lakes or small ponds.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process and equipment, which can effectively remove pollutants in water, ensure water quality safety, have reasonable process flow and compact structure, and aims to solve the problems that the existing conventional water treatment facilities have low efficiency for removing a large amount of pollutants which are difficult to treat in raw water of the drinking water at present, poor water quality and taste, and the safety risk of water quality influences human health.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an integrated intensive distribution type drinking water purification and supply process comprises the following steps of: raw water, flocculation, precision filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, ion exchange resin treatment, activated carbon filtration, disinfection, variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply, terminal filtration and water consumption.

An integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply device comprises a dosing flocculation device, a security filter, an ultrafiltration device, a nanofiltration device, a filtration tank with an ion exchange resin filter element, an activated carbon filter, an ultraviolet disinfection device, a variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply device and a core type filter which are sequentially connected between raw water and water consumption points.

Compared with the prior art, the drinking water purification and supply process and the equipment which are integrally distributed intensively, disclosed by the invention, have the advantages that the purification process is specifically realized by organically combining flocculation, precise filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, disinfection, variable-frequency water supply and terminal filtration, and the purification process is as follows: firstly, flocculating and precipitating, then sequentially removing pollutants such as particles, colloids, organic matters, heavy metals, bacteria, viruses and the like in water through the filtering action of an ultrafiltration membrane and a nanofiltration membrane, then further intercepting the pollutants such as the residual particles, colloids, organic matters, bacteria, viruses and the like in the water through the exchange, adsorption and filtering action in a cation-anion resin and an activated carbon filter, then disinfecting the water filtered by the activated carbon, and finally effectively ensuring the safety and stability of the drinking water in the pipeline transportation process by a variable-frequency water supply device; therefore, the purposes of effectively removing pollutants in water and ensuring the water quality safety are achieved. Compared with the conventional water treatment device, the combination is a reasonable layout, and the positions of the structural units can not be interchanged. The position non-interchangeability means that if the positions of the structural units are interchanged, the treatment effect is poor and the efficiency is reduced, and the layout reasonability of the invention is embodied in that all the structural units are compactly connected, equipment such as buffer irrigation and the like is not needed for assisting the operation, the occupied area is small, PLC centralized control can be adopted, the automation degree is high, the operation is convenient, unattended operation is realized, the service life is long, and the water quality is stable and safe.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of an integrated intensive distributed potable water purification and supply process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a dosing flocculation device, 2, a cartridge filter, 3, an ultrafiltration device, 4, a nanofiltration device, 5, a filtration tank with an ion exchange resin filter core, 6, an active carbon filter, 7, an ultraviolet disinfection device, 8, a variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply device, 9, a core type filter, 10, a water consumption point, 11 and a frame.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process comprises the following steps in sequence:

1) raw water: mainly from surface water such as river lake water, pond water and the like, underground water or rural tap water under the condition of no water source area protection, namely a polluted drinking water source in the background technology.

2) Flocculation: the flocculation mode can be dosing flocculation, electric flocculation or electric air floatation. The suspended particles in the raw water are gathered and enlarged or form flocs, thereby accelerating the coagulation of the particles and achieving the aim of solid-liquid separation.

3) And (3) precise filtration: is realized by a cartridge filter, the preferred range of the filter pore diameter is 1-100 μm, and is used for removing larger particles in raw water.

4) And (3) ultrafiltration: the membrane aperture is 10-100nm, and can remove smaller particles, proteins, colloids and the like in raw water.

5) And (4) nanofiltration: the membrane aperture is 1-10nm, and is mainly used for removing hardness components such as Ca and Mg ions, trihalomethane intermediate, peculiar smell, chromaticity, pesticide, synthetic detergent, soluble organic matters and evaporation residual substances from drinking water. 6) Ion exchange resin treatment: through the exchange and adsorption of anions and cations, some residual heavy metals, pesticides, organic matters and the like in water are removed.

Because the raw water is a polluted drinking water source, particularly the water in ponds and lakes, the pollution is serious, and if nanofiltration is not carried out, firstly, the ion exchange resin is often easily saturated due to the fact that the hardness components such as Ca ions and Mg ions in the water are too high, the regeneration is needed, and the cost is increased. Secondly, some organic matters in the water, such as humic acid and the like, and high-valence metal ions, such as Fe ions and the like, can oxidize and poison the resin, thereby changing the structure of the resin, leading the resin to lose the exchange capacity and even not to be regenerated. The order of step 5) and step 6) is therefore important and not replaceable.

7) Filtering with activated carbon: further used for decoloring, deodorizing and dechlorinating water, removing organic matters and heavy metals, removing pollutants such as synthetic detergents, bacteria, viruses and radioactivity and improving the taste of drinking water.

The water from the step 6) has peculiar smell of resin, which affects the taste, and the active carbon from the step 7) mainly aims at decoloring and deodorizing, removing harmful bacteria and partial virus, adsorbing the resin separated from the step 6) and improving the taste, so the sequence of the step 6) and the step 7) is not replaceable.

8) And (3) disinfection: the disinfection mode is realized by a disinfectant, a sodium hypochlorite generator, an ozone generator or an ultraviolet sterilizer, and the aim of removing bacteria and germs in water is fulfilled.

9) Frequency conversion constant pressure water supply: when the water consumption changes in the water supply network, the water supply mode that the outlet pressure remains unchanged guarantees the stability of water.

10) And (3) terminal filtering: a core type filter is adopted, the filtering pore diameter is 0.22 mu m, and the core type filter is used for further intercepting fine particles remained in water in a pipeline or other modes to ensure the water quality.

This step 10) makes it possible to intercept the bacterial carcasses killed by the sterilisation step 8), the order not being replaceable.

11) Water consumption point: namely the water outlet end.

As shown in fig. 2, an integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply device comprises a dosing flocculation device 1, a cartridge filter 2, an ultrafiltration device 3, a nanofiltration device 4, a filtration tank 5 with an ion exchange resin filter element, an activated carbon filter 6, an ultraviolet disinfection device 7, a variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply device 8 and a core filter 9 which are sequentially connected between raw water and a water consumption point 10.

In the present invention, although each step is a common treatment unit, the water source and the final water quality obtained by each step are different, as described in the background art for the treatment process of tap water, mineral water and purified water, although the conventional treatment units are also used, the combination of the water source and the treatment units is completely different to obtain different water quality.

In this embodiment, the collection of raw water can be the cistern or the closed retaining jar of adopting open, and then can directly carry out flocculation treatment on cistern and retaining jar basis, for example with the raw water through the in-process that mechanism promoted to the cistern in of intaking, utilize coagulant to add the mechanism earlier and mix coagulant and raw water, the raw water carries out the flocculation and precipitation in the cistern. Or adopt independent medicine flocculation device 1 to accomplish the flocculation step, medicine flocculation device 1 generally includes a flocculation jar, is equipped with the import of raw water, rabbling mechanism and adds the medicine pump on it, can also adopt the measuring pump for further intelligent operation, and the sensor is detecting element all, carries out the monitoring of necessary data as required with the cooperation of PLC control system.

In the present embodiment, the specific type of the filter cartridge 2 may be selected from bag type, core type, turbid type, folding type, multi-media filter, and the like.

In this embodiment, the ultrafiltration element of the ultrafiltration device 3 may be an inorganic ceramic ultrafiltration membrane or an organic ultrafiltration membrane. The inorganic ceramic ultrafiltration membrane comprises a tubular ceramic membrane, a flat ceramic membrane and a rotary ceramic membrane. The organic ultrafiltration membrane comprises a tubular organic membrane and a hollow fiber organic membrane. In order to ensure the water yield and the water quality, the automatic cleaning and back flushing at regular time are carried out by arranging a water pump for conveying.

In this embodiment, the nanofiltration device 4 is also preferably provided with a water pump to flush the water at regular time, so as to ensure the water yield and water quality, and not to intercept beneficial ions of human body.

In this embodiment, the activated carbon filter 6 is also preferably provided with a water pump, so that automatic back flushing and timed cleaning can be realized.

In the present embodiment, the disinfecting device is the ultraviolet disinfecting device 7, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the water filtered by the activated carbon may be disinfected by a disinfectant feeding device or the like.

In this embodiment, the concrete structure of frequency conversion constant voltage water supply installation 8 can be, including frequency conversion control cabinet and the current regulator of control connection with it, water pump and surge tank, the current regulator, water pump and surge tank loop through the pipeline and link to each other, be equipped with the inlet tube on the current regulator, be equipped with the outlet pipe on the surge tank, set up the valve on individual pipeline, install pressure sensor between surge tank and the water pump, in order to optimize the wholeness ability, can also set up negative pressure compensation discharge valve and electrode type level gauge on the current regulator, the valve, pressure sensor, negative pressure compensation discharge valve and electrode type level gauge all regulate and control through frequency conversion control cabinet. All valves can adopt electric valves, can be controlled in a centralized way by a PLC control system, run in a full-automatic way, are unattended, monitor, run and maintain remotely, and are convenient to operate and maintain daily.

In this embodiment, the core filter 9 with a filtering precision of 0.22 μm is selected as the core filter 9, so that 99.99% of bacteria can be removed, and the drinking water safety is ensured. In a preferred embodiment, water pumps are respectively arranged between the dosing flocculation device 1 and the cartridge filter 2, between the ultrafiltration device 3 and the nanofiltration device 4, and between the nanofiltration device 4 and the filtration tank 5 with the ion exchange resin filter element. The ultrafiltration membrane, the nanofiltration membrane and the active carbon can be cleaned by the water pump, and the long-term stable operation of the water purification and supply device is ensured.

In another preferred embodiment, the components of the drinking water purifying and supplying equipment of the present invention can be integrated, movable and modularized, and the structure of each component is miniaturized, for example, the components are integrally mounted on a rack 11, and then the components can be integrally arranged in the shape of a container or a refrigerator, so that the reasonable layout of the processing units and the reasonable layout of the positions can make the structure more compact, the floor space small, the cost saving, and the present invention is very suitable for rural and field environments.

The working principle of the drinking water purifying and supplying equipment of the invention is as follows:

the raw water is flocculated and precipitated in the dosing flocculation device 1, and then is filtered by an ultrafiltration membrane of the ultrafiltration device 3 and a nanofiltration membrane of the nanofiltration device 4 in sequence by a pump to remove pollutants such as particulate matters, colloids, organic matters, heavy metals, bacteria, viruses and the like in the water. Then the residual particles, colloid, organic matters, bacteria, virus and other pollutants in the water are further intercepted through the exchange, adsorption and filtration actions in the anion-cation resin filter 5 and the activated carbon filter 6 with the ion exchange resin filter element and in the activated carbon filter 6. Then, the water filtered by the active carbon is disinfected by the ultraviolet disinfection device 7, and then the safety and stability of the drinking water in the pipeline transportation process are effectively guaranteed by the variable-frequency water supply device.

The device provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of long service life, easy performance recovery, convenient expansion, easy water quantity adjustment, small influence by the change of the water quality and the water quantity of raw water, stable water outlet and standard water quality, and accords with the sanitary standard of drinking water GB 5749-2006.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated intensive distribution type drinking water purification and supply process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: raw water, flocculation, precision filtration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, ion exchange resin treatment, activated carbon filtration, disinfection, variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply, terminal filtration and water consumption.

2. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the raw water mainly comes from surface water and underground water under the condition of no water source protection.

3. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the flocculation treatment mode comprises dosing flocculation, electric flocculation and electric air floatation.

4. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the precise filtration is realized by a cartridge filter (2), and the filtration pore size is selected from the range of 1-100 mu m.

5. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pore diameter of the ultrafiltration membrane is 10-100 nm.

6. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the pore diameter of the nanofiltration membrane is 1-10 nm.

7. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the disinfection mode is realized by a disinfectant, a secondary sodium generator, an ozone generator or an ultraviolet sterilizer.

8. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the end filtration is realized by a core filter, and the filtration pore size is 0.22 mu m.

9. The utility model provides a drinking water purification water supply equipment that integration intensive distribution, characterized by includes that add medicine flocculation device (1), safety filter ware (2), ultrafiltration device (3), nanofiltration device (4), filtration jar (5) that have ion exchange resin filter core, active carbon filter (6), ultraviolet degassing unit (7), frequency conversion constant voltage water supply installation (8) and core formula filter (9) that connect gradually between raw water and the water consumption point (10).

10. The integrated intensive distribution drinking water purification and supply process of claim 9, wherein: and water pumps are respectively arranged between the dosing flocculation device (1) and the security filter (2), between the ultrafiltration device (3) and the nanofiltration device (4) and between the nanofiltration device (4) and the filtration tank (5) with the ion exchange resin filter core.

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