CN116002682A - Method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as raw material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material, which comprises the following steps: s1, sludge pretreatment; s2, preparing a carbonized product I: s3, preparing a carbonized product II: s4, preparing primary activated carbon: s5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: s6, pressing the formed body: s7, preparing the formed activated carbon. The preparation method disclosed by the invention can realize harmless treatment of sludge, can realize recycling of sludge, changes waste into valuable, creates more economic values, does not generate process pollution tail gas, and further comprehensively utilizes sludge and agricultural wastes as raw materials, promotes the fusion and development of industries for recycling of pollutants and agricultural wastes while promoting environmental protection, and extends the development of industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge recycling, and particularly relates to a method for preparing formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material.
Background
In the process of water treatment or water environment treatment, a large amount of waste product sludge is generally generated, and if the sludge is improperly treated, the environment is polluted, and the conventional sludge treatment mode is difficult to recycle the sludge, so that the sludge becomes a trouble.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material, which can realize harmless treatment of the sludge on one hand, can realize recycling of the sludge, changes waste into valuable, creates more economic value, does not generate process pollution tail gas, and further, comprehensively utilizes the sludge and agricultural wastes as raw materials, promotes the fusion and development of the recycling industry of pollutants and agricultural wastes while promoting the environmental protection, and extends the development of the industry.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is less than or equal to 60%, drying at 105 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and mixing with agricultural wastes to obtain a premix I;
preferably, the sludge in the step S1 is surplus sludge or black and odorous sludge or river and lake sludge.
Preferably, the agricultural waste in S1 is a mixture of one or more of corn stalks, corn cobs, bamboo chips, peanut shells, coconut shells, wood chips and branches.
Preferably, the sludge obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 and the agricultural waste are mixed according to the mass ratio of (7-27): 3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h (hour) at 300 ℃ under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), then heating to 500-700 ℃, carbonizing for 1-2h (hour), crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution according to the mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2) at normal temperature, wherein the activation time is more than or equal to 20 hours, and obtaining an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 80-105 ℃ for 10-12 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), then heating to 500-700 ℃ and carbonizing for 1-2 hours, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized product II;
preferably, the strong alkali solution in S3 is a potassium hydroxide solution or a sodium hydroxide solution.
Preferably, the concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7-8, drying the material at the temperature of 85-105 ℃ for 4-12 hours, and grinding the dried material to prepare primary active carbon;
preferably, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 2-4mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
preferably, the organic binder in S5 is a mixture of one or more of celluloses, starches, and epoxies.
The cellulose-based organic binder in S5 is preferably carboxymethyl cellulose.
Preferably, the inorganic binder in S5 is a low melting point glass frit.
The melting point of the low-melting-point glass powder is 390-1200 ℃, and the average particle size of the low-melting-point glass powder is 1-50 mu m.
Preferably, the primary activated carbon powder, the organic binder and the inorganic binder in the S5 are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.15-0.2) to 0.23-0.28.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to form a formed body, wherein the extrusion pressure is more than or equal to 50 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: drying the formed body obtained in the step S6 for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 2 hours at the temperature of 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), heating to 700-750 ℃ at the temperature of 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating for 1-3 hours to obtain the formed active carbon.
Preferably, the flow rate of the steam introduced in the step S7 is 100-200mL/h.
The formed active carbon prepared by the invention can be applied to the fields of improvement of greening planting soil quality, ecological restoration filler, purification of polluted water body and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the traditional formed active carbon is prepared from active carbon powder and an adhesive under certain conditions, and the traditional formed active carbon preparation has the following defects: (1) When asphalt and coal tar are used as binders in the traditional preparation of the formed active carbon, process pollution tail gas is generated in the process of preparing the formed active carbon, and secondary pollution of the tail gas is caused; (2) When asphalt and coal tar are not used as binders in the traditional preparation of the formed activated carbon, the formed activated carbon cannot be formed or the formed activated carbon has poor wear resistance; compared with the traditional preparation method of the formed active carbon, the preparation method of the formed active carbon does not generate process pollution tail gas, is cleaner and environment-friendly, and can prepare the formed active carbon with higher wear resistance.
The preparation method fully utilizes the sludge and the agricultural waste, can reduce the treatment amount of the sludge and the agricultural waste, and realizes the stabilization, the reduction, the harmlessness and the recycling of the sludge and the agricultural waste.
The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, the charcoal agent takes the sludge and agricultural waste mixture as the main material, and the raw materials are easy to obtain.
The invention utilizes the agricultural waste to increase the carbon content in the sludge, improves the defects of lower carbon content and higher ash content of the sludge, and can solve the problem of the removal of part of the agricultural waste.
In the method for preparing the formed active carbon by taking the sludge as the raw material, the formed active carbon with high wear resistance can be prepared by taking the low-melting-point glass powder and the carboxymethyl cellulose as the adhesive and taking the agricultural waste as the carbon-increasing material.
According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the sludge is used as a raw material to prepare the formed active carbon, on one hand, the sludge can be treated in a harmless way, the sludge can be recycled, waste is turned into wealth, more economic value is created, no process pollution tail gas is generated, furthermore, the sludge and agricultural waste are comprehensively utilized as raw materials, the environment protection is promoted, the fusion and development of the recycling industry of pollutants and agricultural waste are promoted, the development of the industry is prolonged, and the preparation method disclosed by the invention has better environmental protection benefit, economic benefit and social benefit prospect.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is 58%, drying at 105 ℃ for 5.5 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
the sludge in S1 is surplus sludge.
The agricultural waste in the step S1 is corn straw.
The mass ratio of the sludge obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 to the agricultural waste is 7:3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 650 ℃, carbonizing for 2h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 1:1.4, and obtaining an intermediate product when the carbonized product I is activated for 24 hours; then drying the intermediate product at 100 ℃ for 10 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then raising the temperature to 600 ℃, carbonizing for 1.5 hours, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product II;
the strong alkali solution in S3 is sodium hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7, drying the material at 90 ℃ for 12 hours, and grinding the dried material to obtain primary activated carbon;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 3mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
the organic binder in S5 is cellulose organic binder, and the cellulose organic binder in S5 is carboxymethyl cellulose.
The inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
And S5, mixing the primary activated carbon powder, the organic binder and the inorganic binder according to a weight ratio of 1:0.15:0.25.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to obtain a molded body, wherein the extruding pressure is 50 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: drying the formed body prepared in the step S6 for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), carbonizing the formed body for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 750 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating the formed body for 2 hours to prepare the formed active carbon.
And S7, the flow rate of the steam introduced into the reactor is 100mL/h.
The formed active carbon prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has 94.5% of wear resistance (according to GB/T30202.3-2013), and the preparation method of the invention does not generate process pollution tail gas, so that the formed active carbon with higher wear resistance is prepared.
Example 2:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is 60%, drying at 105 ℃ for 4 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
the sludge in S1 is black and odorous sludge.
And S1, the agricultural waste is bamboo scraps.
The mass ratio of the sludge obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 to the agricultural waste is 22:3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 600 ℃, carbonizing for 1.5h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 1:1.2 for 20 hours to obtain an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 105 ℃ for 10.5 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then raising the temperature to 650 ℃, carbonizing for 1.8 hours, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product II;
and S3, the strong alkali solution is potassium hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7.2, drying the material at 95 ℃ for 10 hours, and grinding the dried material to prepare primary active carbon;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 4mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
the organic binder in S5 is starch organic binder, and the starch organic binder in S5 is starch.
The inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
And S5, mixing the primary activated carbon powder, an organic binder and an inorganic binder according to a weight ratio of 1:0.16:0.23.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to obtain a molded body, wherein the extruding pressure is 51 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: drying the formed body prepared in the step S6 for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), carbonizing the formed body for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 740 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating the formed body for 3 hours to prepare the formed active carbon.
The flow rate of the steam introduced in the step S7 was 125mL/h.
The formed active carbon prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has 92.3% of wear resistance (according to GB/T30202.3-2013), and the preparation method of the invention does not generate process pollution tail gas, thus preparing the formed active carbon with higher wear resistance.
Example 3:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is 59%, drying at 105 ℃ for 4.8 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
the sludge in the step S1 is river and lake sludge.
The agricultural waste in the step S1 is a mixture of corn stalks and coconut shells according to a weight ratio of 3:7.
The mass ratio of the sludge obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 to the agricultural waste is 14:3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 500 ℃, carbonizing for 1.2h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5 for 23 hours to obtain an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 95 ℃ for 11 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then raising the temperature to 500 ℃, carbonizing for 1 hour, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product II;
the strong alkali solution in S3 is sodium hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7.4, drying the material at 105 ℃ for 8 hours, and grinding the dried material to prepare primary active carbon;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 2mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
the organic binder in S5 is a mixture of cellulose organic binder and starch organic binder according to a weight ratio of 8:2.
And S5, the cellulose organic binder is carboxymethyl cellulose, and the starch organic binder is starch.
The inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
And S5, mixing the primary activated carbon powder, an organic binder and an inorganic binder according to a weight ratio of 1:0.17:0.26.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to obtain a molded body, wherein the extruding pressure is 52 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: drying the formed body prepared in the step S6 for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), carbonizing the formed body for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 730 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating the formed body for 1 hour to prepare the formed active carbon.
Preferably, the flow rate of the steam introduced in the step S7 is 150mL/h.
The formed active carbon prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has 93.2% of wear resistance (according to GB/T30202.3-2013), and the preparation method of the invention does not generate process pollution tail gas, thus preparing the formed active carbon with higher wear resistance.
Example 4:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is 57%, drying at 105 ℃ for 6 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
the sludge in S1 is surplus sludge.
The agricultural waste in the step S1 is a mixture of corncobs, bamboo chips, peanut shells and wood chips in a weight ratio of 2:4:1:3.
The mass ratio of the sludge obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 to the agricultural waste is 27:3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 500-700 ℃ for carbonization for 1h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 1:1.8 for 21 hours to obtain an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 90 ℃ for 11.5 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 700 ℃, carbonizing for 1.2 hours, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product II;
the strong alkali solution in S3 is sodium hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7.8, drying the material at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 6 hours, and grinding the dried material to prepare primary active carbon;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 3.8mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
the organic binder in the S5 is a mixture of cellulose organic binder and epoxy resin organic binder according to the weight ratio of 4.3:5.7.
And S5, the cellulose organic binder is carboxymethyl cellulose, and the epoxy resin organic binder is epoxy resin.
The inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
S5, the primary activated carbon powder, an organic binder and an inorganic binder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:0.19: 0.27.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to obtain a molded body, wherein the extruding pressure is 50.5 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: drying the formed body prepared in the step S6 for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), carbonizing the formed body for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 710 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating the formed body for 1.5 hours to prepare the formed active carbon.
The flow rate of the steam introduced in S7 was 175mL/h.
The wear resistance (according to GB/T30202.3-2013) of the formed active carbon prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is 95.6%, tail gas pollution in the process is avoided, and the formed active carbon with high wear resistance is prepared.
Example 5:
a method for preparing formed active carbon by taking sludge as a raw material comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is 59%, drying at 105 ℃ for 5.7 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
the sludge in S1 is black and odorous sludge.
The agricultural waste in the step S1 is one or more of corn stalks, corncobs, bamboo scraps, peanut shells, coconut shells, wood chips and branches.
The agricultural waste in the step S1 is a mixture of corncobs, bamboo chips, peanut shells, coconut shells and wood chips in a weight ratio of 2:3:1:2:2.
The sludge and agricultural waste obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 are mixed according to the mass ratio of 19:3, mixing.
S2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then heating to 580 ℃, carbonizing for 1.7h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution at normal temperature according to the mass ratio of 1:2 for 22 hours to obtain an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 80 ℃ for 12 hours, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1 hour at 300 ℃ under the condition of no oxygen (protected by inert gas), then raising the temperature to 550 ℃, carbonizing for 2 hours, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product II;
and S3, the strong alkali solution is potassium hydroxide solution.
The concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
S4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 8, drying the material at 100 ℃ for 4 hours, and grinding the dried material to obtain primary activated carbon;
the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 2.5mol/L.
S5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
the organic binder in S5 is cellulose organic binder, starch organic binder and epoxy resin organic binder according to the weight ratio of 3.5:1.4: 5.1.
And S5, the cellulose organic binder is carboxymethyl cellulose, the starch organic binder is starch, and the epoxy resin organic binder is epoxy resin.
The inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
S5, the primary activated carbon powder, an organic binder and an inorganic binder are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:0.2: 0.28.
S6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to obtain a molded body, wherein the extruding pressure is 51.5 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: and (3) drying the formed body prepared in the step (S6) for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition (protected by inert gas), carbonizing the formed body for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 700 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, and introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating the formed body for 2.5 hours to prepare the formed active carbon.
And S7, the flow rate of the steam introduced into the reactor is 200mL/h.
The formed active carbon prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention has 96.2% of wear resistance (according to GB/T30202.3-2013), and the preparation method of the invention does not generate process pollution tail gas, so that the formed active carbon with higher wear resistance is prepared.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing formed active carbon by using sludge as a raw material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, sludge pretreatment: dehydrating the sludge until the water content is less than or equal to 60%, drying at 105 ℃ for 4-6 hours, and then mixing with agricultural wastes to prepare a premix I;
s2, preparing a carbonized product I: placing the premix I prepared in the step S1 into a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃ under the anaerobic condition, then heating to 500-700 ℃ and carbonizing for 1-2h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain a carbonized product I;
s3, preparing a carbonized product II: activating the carbonized product I prepared in the step S2 and a strong alkali solution according to the mass ratio of 1 (1.5-2) at normal temperature, wherein the activation time is more than or equal to 20 hours, and obtaining an intermediate product; then drying the intermediate product at 80-105 ℃ for 10-12h, then placing the dried material in a carbonization furnace, carbonizing for 1h at 300 ℃, then heating to 500-700 ℃, carbonizing for 1-2h, crushing and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain carbonized product II;
s4, preparing primary activated carbon: washing the carbonized product II prepared in the step S3 by hydrochloric acid, washing by water until the PH of washing waste liquid is 7-8, drying the material at the temperature of 85-105 ℃ for 4-12 hours, and grinding the dried material to prepare primary activated carbon;
s5, primary activated carbon pretreatment: crushing the primary activated carbon prepared in the step S4, sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain primary activated carbon powder, and mixing the primary activated carbon powder with an organic binder and an inorganic binder to prepare a premix II;
s6, pressing the formed body: extruding the premix II prepared in the step S5 to form a formed body, wherein the extrusion pressure is more than or equal to 50 Mpa;
s7, preparing formed activated carbon: and (3) drying the formed body prepared in the step (S6) for 12 hours at 90 ℃, placing the formed body in a carbonization furnace, heating the formed body to 350 ℃ at 15 ℃/min under the anaerobic condition, carbonizing for 2 hours at 350 ℃, heating the formed body to 700-750 ℃ at 15 ℃/min, introducing steam when the temperature reaches 700 ℃, and activating for 1-3 hours to prepare the formed active carbon.
2. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sludge in the step S1 is surplus sludge or black and odorous sludge or river and lake sludge.
3. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the agricultural waste in the step S1 is one or a mixture of more of corn stalks, corncobs, bamboo scraps, peanut shells, coconut shells, wood chips and branches.
4. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sludge and agricultural waste obtained after the drying treatment in the step S1 are mixed according to the mass ratio of (7-27): 3, mixing.
5. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the strong base solution in S3 is 2.5mol/L.
6. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid in the step S4 is 2-4mol/L.
7. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the organic binder in S5 is one or more of cellulose, starch and epoxy resin.
8. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inorganic binder in S5 is low-melting glass powder.
9. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S5, mixing the primary activated carbon powder, the organic binder and the inorganic binder according to the weight ratio of 1 (0.15-0.2) to 0.23-0.28.
10. The method for preparing the formed activated carbon by taking sludge as a raw material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S7, the flow rate of the steam introduced into the reactor is 100-200mL/h.
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| CN117142470A (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2023-12-01 | 淮阴师范学院 | Sludge-based activated carbon, preparation method thereof and application thereof in sewage treatment |
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| CN113952929A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-21 | 清华大学 | Shaped activated carbon, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
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| CN112938970A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-11 | 中晶城康资源再生利用技术有限公司 | Preparation method of activated carbon and activated carbon |
| CN113716563A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-30 | 南京启迪环保新能源有限公司 | Method for preparing activated carbon by taking black and odorous water body bottom mud as raw material |
| CN113952929A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-01-21 | 清华大学 | Shaped activated carbon, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
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| CN117142470A (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2023-12-01 | 淮阴师范学院 | Sludge-based activated carbon, preparation method thereof and application thereof in sewage treatment |
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