CN115999911A - Double-pipe type multistage winnowing instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-pipe type multistage winnowing machine, which comprises an automatic feeding device, a sorting device, a conveying device and a collecting device; the automatic feeding device comprises a rack, a seed box and a seed metering device for driving seeds in the seed box to be quantitatively discharged; the sorting device comprises a blower, a horizontal air pipe and a vertical air pipe; the plurality of groups of vertical air pipes are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other; the collecting devices are respectively arranged at the bottom of each group of vertical air pipes; the outlet of the blower is provided with a diverter, and a plurality of outlets of the diverter are communicated with the lower ends of a plurality of groups of vertical air pipes through a plurality of groups of horizontal air pipes respectively; the outlet of the diverter is communicated with the vertical air pipe at the head side through a seed guide pipe; the outlet of the seed metering device is communicated with the inner cavity of the seed guide tube. The double-pipe type multistage winnowing machine can realize automatic quantitative seed feeding and multistage sorting of seeds; and has the advantages of simple structure and small occupied space.

Description

A double-tube multi-stage winnowing instrument

technical field

The invention relates to a seed winnowing device, in particular to a double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine.

Background technique

The main working principle of winnowing breeding is to use the significant difference in aerodynamic characteristics of seeds with different filling degrees (weight) to achieve the purpose of screening seeds with different filling degrees.

With the rapid development of agricultural science, especially crop breeding, the requirements for the accuracy of the material characteristics of seeds are getting higher and higher, and the demand for seeds is also increasing. Conventional manual seed selection is far from meeting the needs of production research, and it is necessary to screen seeds of different grades through high-precision and high-automation winnowing instruments to meet different production research needs.

The current existing winnowing instrument generally has the following disadvantages:

1. The automatic quantitative delivery of seeds to the air duct cannot be realized at the seed inlet, resulting in easy accumulation of seed materials in the screening tube, thus affecting the working efficiency and grading quality of the winnowing machine;

2. The seeds in the air selection tube cannot be multi-stage sorted, resulting in low sorting accuracy;

3. The structure of the existing winnowing instrument is complex and occupies a large space.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine, which can realize automatic quantitative seed delivery and multi-fractionation of seeds. Election; In addition, the double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, compactness and small footprint.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is:

A double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine, including an automatic feeding device for feeding seeds, a sorting device for multi-stage sorting of seeds, and transporting the seeds fed by the automatic feeding device to the sorting device The conveying device and the collecting device for separately collecting the different types of seeds sorted by the sorting device, wherein,

The automatic feeding device includes a frame, a seed box arranged on the frame, and a seed meter for driving the quantitative discharge of seeds in the seed box;

The sorting device includes a blower, a horizontal air duct and a vertical air duct, wherein the vertical air ducts are in multiple groups, and multiple groups of vertical air ducts are arranged side by side and communicate with each other; the collecting devices are respectively arranged in each The bottom of the group of vertical air ducts; the outlet of the blower is provided with a flow divider, and the multiple outlets of the flow divider communicate with the lower ends of the plurality of sets of vertical air ducts through multiple sets of horizontal air ducts, each The set of horizontal air ducts is provided with an adjustment assembly for controlling the wind force in the horizontal air ducts; a seed introduction pipe is connected between the outlet of the splitter and the vertical air duct on the head side, wherein the seed introduction pipe One end of the flow divider communicates with the air outlet, and the other end communicates with the vertical air duct on the head side; the outlet of the seed meter communicates with the seed pipe; the blower communicates with the seed pipe Constitute the delivery device.

Preferably, the regulating component is a solenoid valve.

Preferably, the vertical air ducts are in two groups, and correspondingly, the horizontal air ducts are also in two groups.

Preferably, the diameter of the seed introduction pipe is smaller than the diameters of the horizontal air duct and the vertical air duct.

Preferably, the air inlet of the vertical air duct is set on the lower left side of the vertical air duct; the seed outlet of the seed introduction tube is set on the lower left side of the vertical air duct on the first side, and is located on the lower left side of the vertical air duct. Above the air inlet of the vertical air duct; the upper right corner of the vertical air duct is provided with a first seed outlet, and the first seed outlet communicates with the adjacent vertical air duct; the bottom of the vertical air duct A second seed outlet is provided, and the collecting device is arranged at the second seed outlet.

Preferably, the second seed outlet is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the vertical air duct is provided with multiple sets of circularly arranged ventilation holes on the outside of the second seed outlet, and the ventilation holes are connected to the The air outlet of the horizontal air duct is connected.

Preferably, the seed box is an inclined bin structure with a large top and a small bottom.

Preferably, the first seed outlet of the vertical air duct communicates with the seed inlet of another set of vertical air ducts through a drainage assembly.

Preferably, the bottom of the seed box is provided with a weighing sensor, and the embedded controller is used to collect the data of the weighing sensor in real time, obtain the quality of the seeds in the current seed box, and display it on the user interface in real time.

Preferably, the embedded controller controls the feeding amount of the automatic quantitative input sorting device according to the quality of the current seeds; when the embedded controller detects that there are still seeds in the seed box, it will Work to continuously feed the seeds, and turn on the blower at the same time; when the embedded controller detects that the seeds in the seed box have been emptied, it will automatically turn off the seed meter and the blower, so as to enter the standby mode and emit a prompt sound To remind the user that the seed sorting process is complete.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The automatic feeding device in the double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention can automatically realize the quantitative feeding of seeds.

2. The winnowing device in the double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention contains multiple groups of vertical air ducts, and the air blower is used to send screening gas into the vertical ducts, so that the seeds in the vertical ducts can be separated. Screening; since the collection device is arranged at the bottom of the vertical air duct, the seeds with greater quality will fall down into the collection device; while the seeds with less quality will enter the next set of vertical air ducts, and Wind selection is carried out again; through the above-mentioned method, it can be realized that seeds are carried out to multi-stage sorting.

3. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention is provided with an adjustment assembly on the horizontal air duct, which is used to control the wind force in the horizontal air duct, so that the wind pressure of the screening airflow in each group of vertical air ducts is different, so that This is to realize the sorting of seeds of different qualities.

4. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small footprint, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to popularize and use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second seed outlet at the bottom of the vertical air duct.

Fig. 3 is a working principle diagram of the second seed outlet at the bottom of the vertical air duct.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the automatic feeding device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the drainage assembly in the sorting device.

Among them: 1-Blower, 2-Seed pipe, 3-Automatic feeding device, 4-First vertical air duct, 5-Second vertical air duct, 6-Fixed platform, 7-Splitter, 8-Horizontal air Tube, 9-Solenoid valve, 10-Collecting bottle, 11-Sorting device, 12-Second seed outlet, 13-Seed box, 14-Stepper motor, 15-Seed meter, 16-Seed pipe, 17 - Drainage components.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, double-pipe type multi-stage winnowing machine of the present invention comprises the automatic feeding device 3 that is used to throw in seed, is used for the sorting device 11 that multistage sorting is carried out to seed, is used for automatic feeding device 3. The dropped seeds are transported to the conveying device in the sorting device 11 and the collecting device (ie, the collecting bottle 10 ) for separately collecting the different types of seeds sorted by the sorting device 11 .

Referring to Figures 1-5, the automatic feeding device 3 is composed of a seed meter 15, a seed box 13, a stepper motor 14, a load cell and an embedded controller, wherein the seed box 13 is an inclined warehouse body structure, by stepping motor 14 to control the rotor speed of the seed meter 15 to realize the quantitative feeding of the automatic feeding device 3; the embedded controller collects the load cell data installed in the bottom of the seed box 13, Gets the quality of the input seed. When detecting that there is still seed material in the seed box 13, the embedded controller will control the stepper motor 14 to rotate to continuously send in the seeds, and simultaneously open the sorting duct blower fan (ie blower 1). When detecting that the seeds in the seed box 13 have been emptied, the stepping motor 14 is automatically closed, and the sorting duct blower fan (i.e. blower 1) is closed to enter the standby mode, so as to realize unmanned intelligent operation with a high degree of automation.

Referring to Figures 1-5, the sorting device 11 includes a blower 1, a horizontal air duct 8 and a vertical air duct, wherein the blower 1 is arranged on a fixed platform 6; the vertical air ducts are in multiple groups, Many groups of vertical air ducts are arranged side by side and in parallel, and communicate with each other; the collection device (such as collecting bottle 10) is respectively arranged at the bottom of each group of vertical air ducts; the outlet of the blower 1 is provided with a flow divider 7, The plurality of outlets of the splitter 7 communicate with the lower ends of multiple sets of vertical air ducts through multiple sets of horizontal air ducts 8, and each set of horizontal air ducts 8 is provided with a device for controlling air flow in the horizontal air duct 8. The adjustment assembly of the wind force size, the adjustment assembly is a solenoid valve 9, and the flow rate of the screening airflow entering the sorting device 11 is controlled by controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 9; the blower 1 passes through the The control of the flow divider 7 and the solenoid valve 9 generates a primary screening airflow and a secondary screening airflow, and the seeds move upward along the vertical air duct under the action of the screening air flow in the vertical air duct. Each has different aerodynamic characteristics and is trapped in the collection device at the bottom of the vertical air duct of different classifications to complete the classification work.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, a seed introduction pipe 2 is connected between the outlet of the splitter 7 and the vertical air duct (that is, the first vertical air duct 4) on the head side, wherein the seed introduction pipe 2 One end communicates with the air outlet of the splitter 7, and the other end communicates with the vertical air duct (i.e. the first vertical air duct 4) positioned at the head side; the outlet of the seed meter 15 communicates with the seed pipe 2 communicated; the blower 1 and the seed pipe 2 also constitute the conveying device.

In this embodiment, the vertical air ducts are in two groups, namely the first vertical air duct 4 and the second vertical air duct 5 , and correspondingly, the horizontal air ducts 8 are also in two groups.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, the pipe diameter of described seed introduction tube 2 is less than the pipe diameter of described horizontal air duct 8 and described vertical air duct, can make the gas pressure in the seed introduction pipe 2 be greater than described horizontal air duct like this. Gas pressure in tube 8.

Referring to Figures 1-5, the air inlet of the vertical air duct is set on the lower left side of the vertical air duct; the seed outlet of the seed introduction pipe 2 is set on the lower left side of the vertical air duct on the head side , and is located above the air inlet of the vertical air duct; the upper right corner of the vertical air duct is provided with a first seed outlet, and the first seed outlet communicates with the adjacent vertical air duct; the vertical air duct The bottom of the straight air duct is provided with a second seed outlet 12, and the collecting device is arranged at the second seed outlet 12, wherein the second seed outlet 12 is funnel-shaped, and the vertical air duct The bottom of the bottom of the second seed outlet 12 is provided with multiple groups of ventilating holes arranged in a circle, and the ventilating holes communicate with the air outlet of the horizontal air duct 8; After screening, it falls to the second seed outlet 12, and the screening airflow continues to blow air upwards through the ventilation holes around it, and the seeds fall into the collection bottle 10 through the hollow slope structure in the second seed outlet 12 of the funnel type, thereby It can prevent the seeds from accumulating at the bottom of the vertical air duct when they fall, thereby affecting the air selection accuracy.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, the first seed outlet of the first vertical air duct 4 communicates with the seed inlet of the second vertical air duct 5 through a drainage assembly 17; After completing a screening and grading in the pipe 4, the heavier seeds fall down to the corresponding collection bottle 10 along the first vertical air duct 4, and the remaining moderate and lighter seeds continue to move upwards with the screening airflow to Contact with the top, and then sink through the drainage assembly 17 and enter the second vertical air duct 5 for the second screening and classification, so as to improve the classification accuracy.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, the operating principle of double-pipe multistage winnowing machine of the present invention is:

The seed mixture that needs to be screened and graded is stored in the seed box 13, and the automatic quantitative feeding of seeds to the first vertical air duct 4 can be realized through the seed meter 15, and the opening of the solenoid valve 9 can be controlled to enter the first air duct. The flow velocity of the screening air-flow in the vertical air duct 4 and the second vertical air duct 5, after completing a screening and grading in the first vertical air duct 4, the seeds with heavier quality flow along the first vertical air duct 4 to Drop down to the corresponding collection bottle 10, the remaining moderate quality and lighter seed materials continue to move upwards with the screening airflow until they come into contact with the top of the first vertical air duct 4, and then enter the second vertical air duct 4 through the drainage assembly 17. The air duct 5 carries out the second screening and grading. Due to the differences in the aerodynamic characteristics of seeds of different weights, the seeds with moderate quality fall into the corresponding collection bottles 10 along the second vertical air duct 5, and the lighter objects follow the second vertical air duct 5. After the screening air flow moves upwards to contact with the top of the second vertical air duct 5, the second vertical air duct 5 is discharged from the first seed outlet on the right side through the drainage assembly 17, so as to complete the sorting and collection of seeds .

In this process, the bottom of the seed box 13 is provided with a load cell, adopts an embedded controller to collect the data of the load cell in real time, obtains the seed quality of the current seed box 13, and displays it on the user interface in real time; Described embedded controller controls the feeding amount of automatically quantitatively dropping into sorting device 11 according to the quality of current seed; Continue to work to continuously send seeds, and turn on the blower 1 at the same time; when the embedded controller detects that the seeds in the seed box 13 have been emptied, it automatically turns off the seed meter 15 and the blower 1, enters the standby mode, and sends out Prompt sound to remind the user that the seed sorting process is complete.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above content, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention are all Replacement methods that should be equivalent are all included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine, characterized in that it comprises an automatic feeding device for dropping seeds, a sorting device for carrying out multistage sorting to seeds, a seed for automatic feeding device dropping A conveying device for conveying into the sorting device and a collecting device for separately collecting different types of seeds sorted by the sorting device, wherein, The automatic feeding device includes a frame, a seed box arranged on the frame, and a seed meter for driving the quantitative discharge of seeds in the seed box; The sorting device includes a blower, a horizontal air duct and a vertical air duct, wherein the vertical air ducts are in multiple groups, and multiple groups of vertical air ducts are arranged side by side and communicate with each other; the collecting devices are respectively arranged in each The bottom of the group of vertical air ducts; the outlet of the blower is provided with a flow divider, and the multiple outlets of the flow divider communicate with the lower ends of the plurality of sets of vertical air ducts through multiple sets of horizontal air ducts, each The set of horizontal air ducts is provided with an adjustment assembly for controlling the wind force in the horizontal air ducts; a seed introduction pipe is connected between the outlet of the splitter and the vertical air duct on the head side, wherein the seed introduction pipe One end of the flow divider communicates with the air outlet, and the other end communicates with the vertical air duct on the head side; the outlet of the seed meter communicates with the seed pipe; the blower communicates with the seed pipe Constitute the delivery device. 2. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating assembly is a solenoid valve. 3. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the vertical air ducts are in two groups, and correspondingly, the horizontal air ducts are also in two groups. 4. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the seed introducing pipe is smaller than the diameters of the horizontal air pipe and the vertical air pipe. 5. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, wherein the air inlet of the vertical air duct is arranged on the lower left side of the vertical air duct; The opening is arranged on the lower left side of the vertical air duct on the head side, and above the air inlet of the vertical air duct; the upper right corner of the vertical air duct is provided with a first seed outlet, and the first outlet The seed opening communicates with the adjacent vertical air duct; the bottom of the vertical air duct is provided with a second seed outlet, and the collecting device is arranged at the second seed outlet. 6. The double-pipe multistage winnowing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, the second seed outlet is funnel-shaped, and the bottom of the vertical air duct is at the bottom of the second seed outlet. The outer side is provided with multiple groups of ventilation holes arranged in a circle, and the ventilation holes communicate with the air outlet of the horizontal air duct. 7. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed box is an inclined bin structure with a large top and a small bottom. 8. The double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, between the first seed outlet of the vertical air duct and the seed inlet of another group of vertical air ducts, drainage Components are connected. 9. double-tube type multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom of described seed case is provided with load cell, adopts embedded controller to collect the data of described load cell in real time, obtains The quality of the seeds in the current seed box is displayed on the user interface in real time. 10. double-pipe multi-stage winnowing machine according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described embedded controller controls the feeding amount of automatic quantitative input sorting device according to the quality of current seed; When the embedded controller detects that there are still seeds in the seed box, it controls the work of the seed meter to continuously feed the seeds, and simultaneously turns on the blower; when the embedded controller detects that the seeds in the seed box have been emptied, Then the seed meter and blower are automatically turned off, so as to enter the standby mode, and a prompt sound is issued to remind the user that the seed sorting process is completed.

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