CN115992703A - Advanced separation top control and upper protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine and tunneling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an advanced separation control roof-protecting side-protecting type integrated machine for digging and bolting and an excavation method. The direction layout of the roadway includes direction beams, columns, and beams. The columns are equipped with telescopic oil cylinders, and the beams are equipped with telescopic oil cylinders. Driven by the sliding mechanism, the support frame moves back and forth along the roadway, and three high-strength circular saws are installed at the front end of the support frame. The side bolter is located between the two columns on the left and right sides of the support frame; the top bolter is located on the top of the support frame, between the two beams. The invention pre-sets the advanced cutting area to isolate the formal cutting Disturbance, and can be excavated and supported, effectively ensuring the safety of construction personnel and equipment.

Description

An advanced separation control roof side protection type integrated bolt digging machine and tunneling method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining and support, in particular to an advanced separation, roof control, side protection type integrated machine for digging and bolting and a tunneling method.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy, the degree of mechanization and automation of the coal industry is getting higher and higher, and comprehensive mechanized coal mining equipment is widely used in coal production under various geological conditions. In the link of roadway excavation, the quality of the roadheader itself has been greatly improved, especially the large-scale bolt-digger integrated machine has been widely used in various mining areas. However, in the actual application environment, the integrated machine for mining and bolting can only be used in simple mine roadway excavation. When encountering a fragile rock mass roadway affected by strong mining, it is difficult to fully exert the equipment's effectiveness. Excavation is a complex multi-process alternating process, which consists of three major processes: rock breaking, loading, and support. To achieve rapid and efficient roadway excavation construction, each process must be efficiently coordinated and connected. Currently, for geological The rapid excavation equipment under complex conditions is not complete. The main reason is that the fragile roof of the coal roadway after cutting needs to be supported in time to avoid collapse, especially for roadway excavation affected by strong mining. It is small, and the bolting equipment currently used is simple, with low automation level and low efficiency. The relative positions of the tunneling device and the anchoring device of various existing bolter mining machines are fixed, and there is mutual interaction between the two during the specific tunneling process. The problem of interference will affect the normal excavation project.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an advanced separation control roof side protection type integrated machine and excavation method, which can realize the weakening of cutting disturbance, ensure the strong dynamic pressure roadway can realize low-disturbance excavation, and high-strength saw blade support in the excavation process. The protection controls the deformation of the surrounding rock in advance to prevent the subsidence of the side and the roof of the roadway due to untimely support.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention discloses an advanced separation control roof and side protection type integrated bolter on the one hand, including a roadheader, a support frame, a high-strength circular saw, a side bolter, and a top bolter. The support frame is arranged along the direction of the roadway, including the direction beams, columns, and beams. The direction beams are two, located on both sides of the top of the roadway, and arranged in parallel along the direction of the roadway. The columns are located on both sides of the roadway, and the number on each side is the same. The bottom of the column is in contact with the ground through the sliding shoe, the top is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the trending beam, and a plurality of the beams connect the two trending beams from the top, wherein the column is provided with a telescopic oil cylinder for In order to adjust the height of the supporting frame, a telescopic oil cylinder is provided inside the beam for adjusting the width of the supporting frame; The side part of the column is fixedly connected with the sliding mechanism; the supporting frame is driven by the sliding mechanism to move back and forth along the roadway; there are three high-strength circular saws, one of which is installed on the one is installed on the front end surface of the column on the right side of the front end of the support frame and is vertically arranged; one is installed on the support frame The front end face of the crossbeam at the front end of the protective frame is horizontally arranged; the side bolter is located between the two columns on the left and right sides of the support frame, and is installed on one of the columns through a rotating telescopic mechanism above; the top bolter is located on the top of the supporting frame, between the two beams, and is installed on one of the beams through a rotating telescopic mechanism; an anchor cable is provided at the rear end of the roadheader rig.

Further, the high-strength circular saw includes a circular saw blade, a protective cover and a fixing frame, the protective cover is installed behind the circular saw blade, the remote controller is installed at the center of the circular saw blade, and the circular saw blade The saw blade is mounted on the fixing frame, and one end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the support frame.

Further, the body of the roadheader is located inside the support frame.

Further, on both sides of the support frame, there are two gang bolters arranged along the direction of the roadway; on the top of the support frame, there are two bolters arranged along the direction of the roadway. Top bolter.

Further, the sliding mechanism includes a support plate, a sliding oil cylinder, and a connecting rod. The body of the roadheader is provided with a slide rail along the excavation direction, and the support plate is located above the slide rail and is slidably connected with the slide rail. One end of the sliding oil cylinder is fixed on the fuselage, and one end is fixedly connected to the rear end of the supporting plate to provide power for the sliding of the supporting plate. The connecting rods are located on both sides of the supporting plate, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to the One side of the support plate is fixedly connected, and one end is fixedly connected to the inner side of the column.

On the other hand, the present invention also discloses an advanced separation control roof-protecting side excavation method, which includes the following steps:

Step S1, three high-strength circular saws are pushed forward by the support frame to cut the coal body to a set depth, the circular saw blades stay in the coal body, forming a rectangular cutting area, and the inside of the rectangular cutting area is the coal body to be cut;

In step S2, the cutting drum cuts the coal body to be cut, and the cutting depth is equal to one excavation cycle footage. After the cutting is completed, the body of the roadheader does not move, and the cutting drum retreats to the inside of the support frame;

Step S3, the supporting frame is radially retracted into the roadway to form a certain gap with the coal wall, and after the mesh is inserted into the gap, the supporting frame is radially supported outward and reset;

Step S4, assisting the rock bolter and the top bolter to construct the roadway after cutting according to the support parameters, and the cable anchor drill to construct the roadway behind the support frame according to the support parameters;

Step S5, after the support is completed, the sliding mechanism on the roadheader pushes the support frame forward for one cycle depth to perform the next cycle.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. By pre-cutting grooves, the disturbance to the rock mass during formal cutting is blocked, and the strength of the rock mass is guaranteed;

2. The all-in-one machine for digging and bolting can realize excavation and support at the same time. It combines excavation and support into one, accurately excavates the outline of the roadway, and has good shaping control;

3. The circular saw blade goes deep into the coal body in front, and uses the uncut coal body as the fulcrum, and uses the high strength of the circular saw blade itself and the strength of the coal body as the support to provide lateral constraints on the surrounding rock mass of the outer contour in advance to prevent the side and roof fall;

4. The cutting groove formed by the circular saw blade can weaken the connection between the central coal body and the surrounding rock, thereby weakening the disturbance and damage of the cutting vibration of the roadheader drum to the surrounding rock, realizing the stripping of the middle coal body and the surrounding rock, and protecting the roadway purpose of surrounding rock;

5. It can realize the timely lateral restraint compensation of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the excavation operation without empty roof distance, prevent the subsidence of the side and the roof of the roadway due to untimely support, and isolate the disturbance and damage of the retained surrounding rock mass by cutting and breaking the rock in the middle It can prevent large pieces of coal and rock from falling in front of the excavation, thus ensuring the safe and efficient excavation of the roadway;

6. Excavation and support at the same time can realize the excavation operation without empty head distance in the roadway, ensure the safety of the construction personnel, and provide a strong equipment and technical foundation for the rapid excavation of the strong dynamic pressure roadway.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bolter digging integrated machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of advanced drilling of the integrated bolter digging machine of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is I-I direction sectional view among Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding mechanism;

In the figure, 1-roadheader, 100-body, 2-supporting frame, 21-going beam, 22-column, 23-beam, 3-high-strength circular saw, 31-circular saw blade, 32-protective cover, 33-remote controller, 4-side bolter, 5-top bolter, 6-rotary telescopic mechanism, 7-sliding mechanism, 71-support plate, 72-sliding cylinder, 73-connecting rod, 8- Anchor drilling rig, 9-cutting drum, 10-mesh.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, an advanced separation control roof side protection type bolter integrated machine includes a roadheader 1, a support frame 2, a high-strength circular saw 3, a side bolter 4, a top bolter 5, and a support The frame 2 is arranged along the direction of the roadway, including a direction beam 21, a column 22, and a beam 23. The direction beam 21 is two, located on both sides of the top of the roadway, and arranged in parallel along the direction of the roadway. The columns 22 are located on both sides of the roadway. The bottom of 22 is in contact with the ground through the sliding shoe, and the top is vertically connected to the bottom surface of the running beam 21. A plurality of crossbeams 23 connect the two running beams 21 from the top. Among them, the column 22 is equipped with a telescopic oil cylinder for adjusting the support frame 2, the crossbeam 23 is provided with a telescopic oil cylinder for adjusting the width of the support frame. There is no connecting part at the bottom of the support frame 2, which is equivalent to a large protective cover, and is used for temporarily supporting the roadway and protecting the roadheader 1 inside it. Moreover, the support frame 2 can be expanded and contracted in the width direction and the height direction through the expandable beam 23 and the expandable column 22 . The body of the boring machine 1 is provided with a sliding mechanism 7 , and some columns 22 on both sides of the supporting frame 2 are fixedly connected with the sliding mechanism 7 . The support frame 2 is driven by the sliding mechanism 7 to move back and forth along the roadway.

There are three high-strength circular saws 3, one of which is installed on the front end face of the frontmost left column 22 of the support frame 2, and the high-strength circular saw 3 is vertically arranged. One is installed on the front end face of the frontmost right column 22 of the support frame 2, and the high-strength circular saw 3 is vertically arranged. One is installed on the front end face of the front end beam 23 of the support frame 2, and the high-strength circular saw 3 is arranged horizontally. The bolter 4 is located between the two uprights 22 on the left and right sides of the support frame 2, and is installed on one of the uprights 22 through the rotating telescopic mechanism 6. Specifically, the high-strength circular saw 3 includes a circular saw blade 31, a protective cover 32, a remote controller 33 and a fixing frame, the protective cover 32 is installed behind the circular saw blade 31, the remote controller 33 is installed at the center of the circular saw blade, and the circular saw The sheet 31 is installed on the fixing frame, and one end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the supporting frame 2 . The thickness of the circular saw blade 31 is about 5 centimeters. As shown in FIG. 3 , the top bolter 5 is located on the top of the support frame 2 , between two beams 23 , and is installed on one of the beams 23 through the rotating telescopic mechanism 6 . The body of the boring machine 1 is located inside the support frame 2 . A cable anchor drill 8 is provided at the rear end of the boring machine 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, the circular saw blades 31 of three high-strength circular saws 3 are left in the coal body after cutting, forming a rectangular cutting area (no cutting at the bottom), and the thickness of the cutting area is 5 cm. The inside of the cutting area is the cutting coal rock mass, that is, the coal mass to be cut.

In the above-mentioned structure, the circular saw blade 31 goes deep into the coal body in front, and uses the uncut coal body as a fulcrum, and uses the high strength of the circular saw blade itself and the strength of the coal body as a support to provide lateral constraints on the surrounding rock mass of the outer contour in advance to prevent the with the roof. And through the side bolter 4 and the top bolter 5, the roadway produced after cutting is supported in time by two sides and the roof, so as to prevent the roof from falling and the piece side.

In addition, on both sides of the support frame 2, there are two side bolters 4 arranged along the direction of the roadway. On the top of the support frame 2, there are two top bolters 5 arranged along the direction of the roadway, which can improve the efficiency of on-site support.

As shown in Figure 4, the sliding mechanism 7 includes a support plate 71, a sliding oil cylinder 72, and a connecting rod 73. The body 100 of the roadheader 1 is provided with a slide rail along the direction of excavation, and the support plate 71 is located above the slide rail and connected to the slide rail. The rails are slidingly connected, and the slide rails are elongated steel plates welded on both sides of the fuselage 100, and the two ends of the support plate 71 are curled downward to wrap the slide rails, thereby forming a sliding relationship. Two sliding oil cylinders 72 are provided. One end of the sliding oil cylinders 72 is fixed on the fuselage 100, and the other end is fixedly connected with the rear end of the support plate 71 to provide power for the support plate 71 to slide. Connecting rod 73 is positioned at support plate 71 both sides, and one end of connecting rod 73 is fixedly connected with support plate 71 one side, and one end is fixedly connected with column 22 inner side, thereby can drive whole support frame 2 to move back and forth.

The invention also discloses an advance separation control roof side protection type excavation method, which includes the following steps:

Step S1, the three high-strength circular saws 3 are pushed forward by the support frame to cut the coal body to a set depth, and the circular saw blades 31 stay in the coal body to form a rectangular cutting area, and the inside of the rectangular cutting area is the coal to be cut body.

Step S2, the cutting drum 9 cuts the coal body to be cut, and its cutting depth is equal to one excavation cycle footage. After the cutting is completed, the body of the roadheader 1 does not move, and the cutting drum 9 retreats to the inside of the support frame 2 , the cutting drum 9 is protected in time.

Step S3, the support frame 2 is radially retracted inwardly of the roadway to form a certain gap with the coal wall, and after the mesh 10 is inserted into the gap, the support frame 2 is radially supported outward and reset.

Step S4, the rock bolter 4 and the rock bolter 5 construct the roadway after cutting according to the support parameters, and the cable anchor drilling rig 8 constructs the roadway behind the support frame 2 according to the support parameters.

Step S5 , after the support is completed, the sliding mechanism 7 on the roadheader 1 pushes the support frame 2 forward for one cycle depth to perform the next cycle.

This tunneling method can realize excavation and support at the same time, realize the integration of excavation and support, create a new way of underground coal mining, effectively protect the machinery and staff on site, and greatly improve the efficiency of excavation. work efficiency.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various All changes are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The advanced separation top-control side-protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine is characterized by comprising a tunneling machine (1), a supporting frame (2), a high-strength circular saw (3), a side-anchoring machine (4) and a top-anchoring machine (5), wherein the supporting frame (2) is arranged along the trend of a roadway and comprises two trend beams (21), upright posts (22) and cross beams (23), and the trend beams (21) are arranged at two sides of the top of the roadway and are arranged in parallel along the trend of the roadway; the upright posts (22) are positioned on two sides of a roadway, the number of each side is the same, the bottoms of the upright posts (22) are contacted with the ground through sliding shoes, and the tops of the upright posts are vertically connected with the bottom surface of the trend beam (21); -a plurality of said cross beams (23) connecting two said trend beams (21) from the top; the telescopic oil cylinder is arranged in the upright post (22) and used for adjusting the height of the supporting frame (2), and the telescopic oil cylinder is arranged in the cross beam (23) and used for adjusting the width of the supporting frame; the machine body of the heading machine (1) is provided with a sliding mechanism (7), and part of the upright posts (22) on two sides of the supporting frame (2) are fixedly connected with the sliding mechanism (7); the supporting frame (2) moves forwards and backwards along a roadway under the drive of the sliding mechanism (7); the number of the high-strength circular saws (3) is three, and one is arranged on the front end surface of the upright post (22) at the left side of the forefront end of the supporting frame (2) and is vertically arranged; the upright post (22) is arranged on the right side of the forefront end of the supporting frame (2) and is vertically arranged; the front end face of the cross beam (23) arranged at the forefront end of the supporting frame (2) is horizontally arranged; the upper roof bolter (4) is positioned between two upright posts (22) on the left side and the right side of the supporting frame (2), and is arranged on one upright post (22) through a rotary telescopic mechanism (6); the roof bolter (5) is positioned at the top of the supporting frame (2), is arranged between the two cross beams (23) and is arranged on one of the cross beams (23) through the rotary telescopic mechanism (6); an anchor cable drilling machine (8) is arranged at the rear end of the heading machine (1).

2. The advanced separation top-control and side-protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the high-strength circular saw (3) comprises a circular saw blade (31), a protective cover (32), a remote controller (33) and a fixing frame, wherein the protective cover (32) is installed behind the circular saw blade (31), the remote controller (33) is installed in the center of the circular saw blade, the circular saw blade (31) is installed on the fixing frame, and one end of the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the supporting frame (2).

3. The advanced separation top-control side-protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the tunneling machine (1) body is located inside the supporting frame (2).

4. The advanced separation top-control side-protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that two side anchoring machines (4) arranged along the roadway trend are arranged on two sides of the supporting frame (2); two roof bolters (5) are arranged on the top of the supporting frame (2) along the roadway.

5. The advanced separation top-control side-protection type tunneling and anchoring integrated machine according to claim 1, wherein the sliding mechanism (7) comprises a supporting plate (71), a sliding oil cylinder (72) and a connecting rod (73), a sliding rail is arranged on a machine body (100) of the tunneling machine (1) along a tunneling direction, the supporting plate (71) is located above the sliding rail and is in sliding connection with the sliding rail, one end of the sliding oil cylinder (72) is fixed on the machine body (100), the other end of the sliding oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the rear end of the supporting plate (71) to provide power for sliding of the supporting plate (71), the connecting rod (73) is located on two sides of the supporting plate (71), one end of the connecting rod (73) is fixedly connected with one side of the supporting plate (71), and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the inner side of the upright post (22).

6. An advanced separation top-control side-protection tunneling method based on the advanced separation top-control side-protection tunneling and anchoring integrated machine in any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1, three high-strength circular saws (3) are pushed by a supporting frame (2) to cut coal forwards to a set depth, circular saw blades (31) stay in the coal to form a rectangular cutting area, and the coal to be cut is arranged in the rectangular cutting area;

s2, cutting the coal body to be cut by a cutting roller (9), wherein the cutting depth is equal to a tunneling circulation footage, after the cutting is finished, the machine body of the tunneling machine (1) is not moved, and the cutting roller (9) retreats to the inside of the supporting frame (2);

s3, forming a certain gap between the radial retraction of the supporting frame (2) towards the inside of the roadway and the coal wall, and radially supporting and resetting the supporting frame (2) outwards after inserting the net sheet (10) into the gap;

s4, constructing the cut roadway by the upper anchor rod machine (4) and the roof anchor rod machine (5) according to supporting parameters, and constructing the roadway behind the supporting frame (2) by the anchor cable drilling machine (8) according to the supporting parameters;

and S5, after the support is completed, a sliding mechanism (7) on the heading machine (1) pushes the support frame (2) to advance forward for one circulation depth, and the next circulation is carried out.

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