CN109882172B - Gob-side entry retaining method by using cut-off direct roof as roadside support wall - Google Patents
Gob-side entry retaining method by using cut-off direct roof as roadside support wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN109882172B CN109882172B CN201910274014.5A CN201910274014A CN109882172B CN 109882172 B CN109882172 B CN 109882172B CN 201910274014 A CN201910274014 A CN 201910274014A CN 109882172 B CN109882172 B CN 109882172B
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Abstract
The invention provides a gob-side entry retaining method by using a cut-off direct roof as a roadside support wall, which relates to the technical field of underground mining methods and comprises the following steps: A. a gob-side entry retaining support is arranged behind the working face end support and comprises a supporting mechanism, a drilling mechanism, a descending mechanism and a pushing mechanism; B. moving the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder after the coal is cut on the working face, and drilling the top plate through a drilling mechanism; C. filling and sealing holes in the drilled holes, and lifting a lifting plate of the descending mechanism to the lower part of the top plate; D. blasting and cutting down a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and lowering a lifting plate; E. after the lifting plate descends to the bottom plate, the pushing mechanism pushes the cut top plate into a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining through a hydraulic jack; F. c, spraying concrete at the cut top plate gap, and repeating the steps A to F until the recovery is finished; the method solves the technical problems of complex gob-side entry retaining construction and low efficiency under the medium-hard roof strip piece, and has the advantages of low labor intensity, low entry forming cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground mining methods, in particular to a gob-side entry retaining method by using a block-cut direct roof as a roadside support wall.
Background
Pillar-free mining is beneficial to improving the recovery rate of coal, and can eliminate or reduce disasters caused by the pillars, so that the pillars are widely adopted in recent years. With the acceleration of the process of coal resource exhaustion, the coal pillar-free exploitation is more and more paid more and more attention by the industry. Gob-side entry retaining is an important development direction of coal pillar-free mining. The gob-side entry retaining tool has no coal pillar for protecting the entry, improves the extraction rate of coal resources, reasonably develops the coal resources, prolongs the service life of a mine and is beneficial to the sustainable development of the mine; the gob-side entry retaining is changed into entry retaining, so that the entry amount of the entry is reduced, and the dangerousness of rock burst and gas outburst is reduced; the Y-shaped ventilation is realized, the gas accumulation at the upper corner of the working face is avoided, and the safe production of mines is facilitated; the preparation time of the working face is shortened, the conflict of mining and succession is relieved, and the production efficiency of the mine is improved; the method has the advantages of canceling an island working surface without remaining coal pillars, shortening the moving time, reducing the influence of concentrated stress, being beneficial to preventing fire, ensuring the safe production of a mine, improving the technical and economic benefits of the mine and the like, thereby being widely applied to the field of coal pillar-free mining of the coal mine.
Roadside support is the key of the success of gob-side entry retaining, and has an important influence on whether the advantages of gob-side entry retaining can be fully exerted. The roadside support should simultaneously play the roles of supporting, top cutting and isolating. At present, roadside support walls adopted in China are various in form and mainly comprise gangue block (bag) walls, concrete block walls, concrete filling walls, high-water material filling walls, pier stud walls, steel pipe concrete walls and the like. Various roadside supports have certain disadvantages, such as great contractibility of a gangue block (bag) wall support, great labor intensity and serious air leakage of a goaf; the concrete block masonry wall has the defects of heavy blocks, high labor intensity of workers and long wall building time; the whole pouring roadside filling technology of concrete and high-water materials needs to establish a set of more complicated filling system, the cost is overhigh, and the problems of low early strength and long demoulding time of the roadside support body exist; pier stud wall and steel pipe concrete wall cause the local stress concentration of wall body easily, destroy the integrality of tunnel top bottom plate, and the entry effect is also unsatisfactory. And the above gob-side entry retaining mode often has the defects of low entry retaining speed and difficulty in adapting to the rapid propulsion of the fully mechanized coal mining face. Therefore, in order to solve the technical problems of complex process, low construction efficiency, high labor intensity, long lane forming period, high lane building cost and the like of the existing roadside support, the existing gob-side entry retaining method needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a gob-side entry retaining method by using a cut-off direct roof as a gob-side support wall, aiming at solving the technical problems of complex process and low construction efficiency in the process of gob-side entry retaining.
A gob-side entry retaining method for a roadside support wall body by cutting down a direct roof comprises the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that a gob-side entry retaining support is arranged behind a working face end support, the end support is connected with the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder, and the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a supporting mechanism, a drilling mechanism, a descending mechanism and a pushing mechanism;
B. moving the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder after the coal is cut on the working face, drilling the top plate through a drilling mechanism, and arranging drill holes on the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support;
C. filling and sealing holes in the drill hole, and lifting a lifting plate of the descending mechanism to the lower part of the top plate;
D. blasting and cutting down a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and slowly lowering the lifting plate by using a traction motor of the lowering mechanism;
E. after the lifting plate descends to the bottom plate, the pushing mechanism pushes the cut top plate into a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining through a hydraulic jack;
F. and C, spraying concrete at the cut top plate gap, and repeating the steps A to F until the working face extraction is finished.
Preferably, the support mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises an upright column, a top beam and a bottom beam, wherein the top beam is connected with the upper end of the upright column, and the bottom beam is connected with the lower end of the upright column; the drilling mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a drilling machine fixing frame and a drilling machine, wherein the drilling machine is fixed on the drilling machine fixing frame, and the drilling machine fixing frame slides along the bottom beam; the descending mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a lifting plate, a pulley, a steel wire rope and a traction motor, wherein the steel wire rope is connected with the lifting plate and the traction motor, and the pulley is arranged on the top beam; the advancing mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a cross beam and hydraulic jacks, wherein the cross beam is arranged between the stand columns, and the hydraulic jacks are arranged on the cross beam.
Preferably, a connecting rod is further arranged between the bottom beams; a waste rock blocking curtain is arranged on the side surface of the lifting plate; four angles of the lifting plate are all connected with steel wire ropes, and the end part of the hydraulic jack is provided with a push plate.
Preferably, the working face cuts off the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining bracket once every 1.5-3 m of pushing; the depth of the drilled hole is H, and H-l is obtained according to the formula1-l2Determining, wherein h is the roadway height, l1The amount of sinking of the top plate,. l2Is the sprayed concrete thickness.
It is also preferable that when the depth of the drilled hole is equal to the thickness of each layer of the immediate roof, the depth of the drilled hole along the working face is H, and the depth of the drilled hole along the working face is greater than H; when the depth of the drill hole is smaller than or larger than the thickness of each layer of the direct roof, the depth of the drill hole along the working face is H, and the stratum layer parallel to the roof fracturing roof is fractured by perforation hydraulic fracturing or mechanical grooving hydraulic fracturing; and adjusting the depth of the drilled hole according to the thickness and the distribution of each layer of the direct roof.
Preferably, the blasting is directional blasting, and after the directional blasting, a cleavage crack formed between the drill holes penetrates to form a tangent plane, and a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support is cut down.
Further preferably, when the direct roof is a hard roof, the construction drill hole cuts the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support; when the direct roof is a medium-hard roof, an anchor rod with the length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling; when the direct roof is a soft roof, an anchor rod with the length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling, and grouting is carried out on the cut-off block after the roof is cut off.
More preferably, when the descending distance of the lifting plate is less than 20cm from the bottom plate, the lifting plate is lowered to one side close to the gob-side entry retaining to incline the lifting plate.
Further preferably, the hole spacing of the top plate drilled holes in the step B is 15 cm-30 cm; c, lifting the lifting plate to a position which is less than 10cm away from the top plate; the pushing distance of the pushing mechanism is 1-2 m.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) according to the gob-side entry retaining method for using the cut-off direct roof as the gob-side entry retaining wall, provided by the invention, the local material of the roof is used, and the cut-off roof block is pushed to the lower part of the roadway of the gob-side entry retaining wall to be used as the gob-side entry retaining wall, so that the construction processes of transportation, manufacturing and the like required in the process of manufacturing the gob-side entry retaining wall are avoided, the construction process is reduced, and the entry forming efficiency is improved; in addition, the lithology of the top plate is consistent with that of the existing roadway top plate, so that the problems of top and bottom plates being crowded due to too high strength of the supporting wall body or supporting failure and the like due to too low strength of the supporting wall body are solved, and the supporting effect is improved.
(2) The gob-side entry retaining support is arranged behind the end support, so that the top plate can be conveniently cut and pushed, a directional blasting technology is utilized to manufacture a split to form a tangent plane, transitional breakage of rocks is avoided, and when the difference between the height of the cut top plate and the height of the top plate layer is large, the upper tangent plane of the supporting wall body is manufactured by perforating hydraulic fracturing on the top plate; and the upright post supports of the gob-side entry retaining supports are firmly connected so as to be pushed along with the end supports, so that the complete working surface gob-side entry retaining roadside support wall is manufactured.
(3) The depth of the drilled hole is reasonably designed so as to manufacture a roadside supporting wall body with a proper size, and the depth of the drilled hole can be properly adjusted according to the layering condition of the roof rock stratum, so that the construction is reduced; the top plate is simply supported according to the hardness change condition of the top plate, so that the integrity of the cut top plate can be ensured, and the problems of air leakage and the like of a supporting wall body are prevented; the supporting wall body made of the top plate can be moved more conveniently by inclining the lifting plate.
In addition, the invention also has the advantages of promoting the roof of the rear goaf to collapse, reducing the lateral bearing pressure of the goaf, facilitating the maintenance of the roadway, and having low cost of the roadway.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a direct roof drilling operation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of construction after cutting off the direct roof;
FIG. 3 is a schematic construction diagram of a roadside support wall body with a cut-off direct roof;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement side view of the head bracket and the gob-side entry retaining bracket;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drill-split cut-through configuration;
in the figure: 1-a support mechanism; 11-upright post; 12-a top beam; 13-bottom beam; 2-a drilling mechanism; 3-a lowering mechanism; 31-a lifter plate; 32-a pulley; 33-a steel cord; 4-a pushing mechanism; 5-end bracket; 51-hydraulic cylinder; 6-goaf; 7-lane of gob-side entry retaining; 8-drilling; and 9-supporting the wall.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment of the gob-side entry retaining method for a direct-cut roof roadside support wall provided by the invention is as follows.
Example 1
The gob-side entry retaining method for the roadside support wall by using the cut direct roof comprises the following specific construction steps:
step A, installing a gob-side entry retaining support behind the working face end support, connecting the end support 5 with the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder 51, pushing a moving frame of the gob-side entry retaining support through the hydraulic cylinder 51, wherein the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a drilling mechanism 2, a descending mechanism 3 and a pushing mechanism 4, as shown in figure 4.
Wherein, the supporting mechanism 1 of gob entry support includes stand 11, back timber 12 and floorbar 13, and the construction space that the protection roof board was cut off, the upper end of stand is connected to back timber 12, and the lower extreme of stand 11 is connected to floorbar 13, and supporting mechanism 1 is provided with 4 stands 11, is the cuboid framework with the combination of back timber 12 and floorbar 13. In addition, the front row of upright columns and the rear row of upright columns can be connected through hydraulic cylinders, so that the lengths of the front row of upright columns and the rear row of upright columns can be adjusted, and construction under different roof cutting steps can be adapted; wherein the front row of upright columns are the same row of upright columns close to one side of the end bracket, and the rear row of upright columns are 2 upright columns at the other side; the width of the gob-side entry retaining support is the distance between the upright columns close to one side of the roadway and the upright columns on the same row and the opposite side. The drilling mechanism 2 of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a drilling machine fixing frame and a drilling machine, the drilling machine can complete top plate drilling, the drilling machine is fixed on the drilling machine fixing frame, and the drilling machine fixing frame slides along the bottom beam. The descending mechanism 3 of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a lifting plate 31, a pulley 32, a steel wire rope 33 and a traction motor, a cut top plate can be slowly lowered to a bottom plate, the steel wire rope 33 is connected with the lifting plate 31 and the traction motor, and the pulley 32 is arranged on the top beam 12. The pushing mechanism 4 of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a cross beam and a hydraulic jack, wherein a cut top plate is pushed into a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining support to form a roadside support wall, the cross beam is arranged between stand columns, and the hydraulic jack is arranged on the cross beam.
In addition, a connecting rod is arranged between the bottom beams 13, and the gob-side entry retaining support is further reinforced. Further, the top beam 12 can be arranged only between the upright columns along the direction of the working face, so that the length of the top plate along the direction of the working face can meet the requirement. The waste rock blocking curtain is arranged on the side face of the lifting plate 31, the waste rock blocking curtain is specifically an up-and-down retractable door curtain structure formed by cross rods and networking, the waste rock blocking curtain descends along with the lifting plate, and networking is arranged between the cross rods, so that the overall stability is ensured, part of rock debris is prevented from collapsing and hurting people, and the cut top plate is prevented from being toppled in the process below. Four corners of lifter plate 31 all are connected with wire rope 33, and four wire ropes are drawn by different traction motor respectively to can control lifter plate 31 and be certain angle slope. The end part of the hydraulic jack is provided with a push plate, so that the pushing mechanism can push the cut top plate smoothly.
And B, moving the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder after the coal is cut on the working face, drilling the top plate through the drilling mechanism 2, and arranging drill holes 8 on the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, wherein the hole spacing of the drill holes 8 of the top plate is 15-30 cm, as shown in figure 1.
And cutting off a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support once every 1.5-3 m of the working face is pushed, wherein the height of the cut-off top plate is smaller than the height of the upright columns of the gob-side entry retaining support, the length of the cut-off top plate is smaller than the length between the front row of upright columns and the rear row of upright columns, and the width of the cut-off top plate is smaller than the width of the gob-side entry retaining support. The depth of the drilled hole is H, and H-l is obtained according to the formula1-l2Determining, wherein h is the roadway height, l1The amount of sinking of the top plate,. l2Is the sprayed concrete thickness.
When the depth of the drill hole 8 is equal to the thickness of each layer of the direct roof, the depth of the drill hole along the working face is H, and the depth of the drill hole along the working face is greater than H; when the depth of the drill hole is smaller than or larger than the thickness of each layer of the direct roof, the depth of the drill hole along the working face is H, and the stratum layer parallel to the roof fracturing roof is fractured by perforation hydraulic fracturing or mechanical grooving hydraulic fracturing; and adjusting the depth of the drilled hole according to the thickness and the distribution of each layer of the direct roof, wherein when the difference between the calculated depth of the drilled hole and the thickness of each layer of the direct roof is not more than 25cm, the sum of the thicknesses of the layers of the roof rock strata is taken as the value of the depth of the drilled hole, so that the roof can be directly separated from the layers and fall after the roof is cut.
When the direct roof is a hard roof, the hard roof is a roof rock stratum with a roof strength index larger than 120 and a caving step larger than 20 m; the rock stratum is harder and needs to be arranged by encrypted drilling in construction, so a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support is cut down in the construction drilling, and the top plate directly falls down and is in a complete block shape after the crack is formed by drilling blasting. When the direct roof is a medium-hard roof, the medium-hard roof is a rock stratum with moderate rock strength and strength index less than 120 but greater than 80, and an anchor rod with length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling. When the direct roof is a weak roof, the weak roof is a rock stratum which is low in roof strength and easy to break and crack, so that the weak roof needs to be reinforced, an anchor rod with the length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling, and a cut block is grouted after the roof is cut down, so that the integral integrity of the roof is guaranteed.
The gob-side entry retaining support is arranged behind the end support 5, so that the top plate can be conveniently cut and pushed, the directional blasting technology is utilized to manufacture a cleavage crack to form a tangent plane, and transitional breakage of rocks is avoided, as shown in fig. 5. And when the difference between the height of the cut top plate and the height of the top plate layering is large, constructing perforation hydraulic fracturing on the top plate to manufacture the upper tangent plane of the supporting wall.
And C, charging and sealing holes in the drill hole 8, lifting the lifting plate of the descending mechanism to the position below the top plate, designing the charging length according to the blasting requirement, selecting the charging amount according to the lithology of the rock stratum of the top plate, meeting the requirement of directional blasting, and lifting the lifting plate to a position which is less than 10cm away from the top plate.
And D, blasting and cutting down the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and slowly lowering the lifting plate by using a traction motor of the descending mechanism 3, as shown in fig. 2.
The blasting specifically is directional blasting, and the cleavage crack that forms between the drilling after the directional blasting link up and form the tangent plane, cuts off the roof of gob entry support top, because the distance of lifter plate and roof is less, so the roof of whereabouts can not produce great impact to the lifter plate, can guarantee the holistic stability of gob entry support.
And E, after the lifting plate descends to the bottom plate, pushing the cut top plate into a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining by the pushing mechanism 4 through a hydraulic jack, wherein the pushing distance of the pushing mechanism 4 is 1-2 m, and pushing the cut top plate into a roadway 7 of the gob-side entry retaining to form a roadside support wall body 9, as shown in fig. 3.
When the descending distance of the lifting plate 31 is less than 20cm from the bottom plate, the lifting plate 31 is placed to be close to one side of the gob-side entry retaining, so that the lifting plate 31 is inclined, and the cut top plate rock blocks on the lifting plate can slide into the roadway more conveniently.
And F, spraying concrete at the cut top plate gap, using concrete with large contractibility so as to adapt to the condition of large deformation of the gob-side entry retaining roadway, and repeating the steps A to F until the working face extraction is finished.
According to the method, local materials of the top plate are used, and the cut top plate block is pushed to the lower side of the roadway of the gob-side entry retaining to serve as the roadside support wall body 9, so that the construction procedures of transportation, manufacturing and the like in the process of manufacturing the roadside support wall body 9 are avoided, the construction procedures are reduced, and the roadway forming efficiency is improved; in addition, the lithology of the top plate is consistent with that of the existing roadway top plate, so that the problems of top and bottom plates being crowded due to too high strength of the supporting wall body or supporting failure and the like due to too low strength of the supporting wall body are solved, and the supporting effect is improved.
In addition, the invention also has a direct roof which is laterally cut off and hard, thereby promoting the roof of the rear goaf to collapse; the lateral bearing pressure of the goaf is reduced after the roof is cut off; the top plate is used as a roadway side to facilitate roadway maintenance; the lane forming material is taken from the top plate, and the cost of directly cutting the top and moving the lane forming material is low.
Example 2
In order to further explain the construction process of the gob-side entry retaining method of the direct roof cutting as the roadside support wall, the invention is further explained in detail by taking a working face of a certain mine 1310 as an example. The working face of the mine 1310 is mainly used for mining 3 coal seams, the thickness of each coal seam is 2.8m, the position of each coal seam is stable, and the thickness change is small. The roof rock layer is fine sandstone and belongs to a medium-hard roof, a stoping roadway is tunneled along the bottom, the section is rectangular, and the working face adopts a gob-side entry retaining method to perform coal pillar-free mining. The gob-side entry retaining method using the cut-off direct roof as the roadside support wall body is used for mining, and the construction steps comprise:
step A, installing a gob-side entry retaining support behind a working face end support, connecting the end support and the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder, and pushing a moving frame of the gob-side entry retaining support through the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a supporting mechanism 1, a drilling mechanism 2, a descending mechanism 3 and a pushing mechanism 4. The supporting mechanism 1 is used for protecting the construction space of the top plate cutting, the drilling mechanism 2 is used for completing the top plate drilling construction, and the descending mechanism 3 is used for slowly descending the cut top plate to the bottom plate; and pushing the cut top plate to a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining by the pushing mechanism 4 to form a roadside support wall 9.
Step B, moving the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder after the coal cutting of the working face is completed for 3 cycles, drilling the top plate through a drilling mechanism 2, arranging drill holes 8 on the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and selecting the hole spacing of the drill holes of the top plate to be 20 cm. according to the condition of the top plate, wherein when the top plate is firstly cut, the drill holes are required to be uniformly arranged on the top plate along the inner edge of the upper surface of the gob-side entry retaining support, the height of the cut top plate is smaller than that of the upright post of the gob-side entry retaining support, the length of the cut top plate is smaller than that between the front row of upright post and the rear row of upright post, the width of the cut top plate is smaller than that of the gob-side entry retaining support, the depth of the drill holes is 2.6m, the height of the drill holes is determined according to a formula H which is 2.8m-0.12m-0.08m which is 2.6m, the sinking amount of the top plate is 0.12m, the thickness of the sprayed concrete is 0.08m, the sum of the thicknesses of all the layers of the anchor holes is exactly 2.6m, the drill holes is equal to 2.6m, the thickness of the anchor rods is equal to 2.6m, the thickness of the upper layer of the upper drill holes, the upper drill holes is equal to 3.6, and the upper diameter of the upper drill holes of the straight roof plate is equal to 3.6, and the upper drill holes.
And C, charging and sealing holes in the drill hole 8, lifting the lifting plate of the descending mechanism to the position below the top plate, designing the charging length according to the blasting requirement, selecting the charging amount according to the lithology of the rock stratum of the top plate, meeting the requirement of directional blasting, and lifting the lifting plate 31 to a position which is less than 10cm away from the top plate.
D, blasting and cutting down a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and slowly lowering the lifting plate by using a traction motor of the lowering mechanism 3, wherein the lowering speed is less than 0.05 m/s.
The blasting specifically is directional blasting, and the cleavage crack that forms between the drilling after the directional blasting link up and form the tangent plane, cuts off the roof of gob entry support top, because the distance of lifter plate 31 and roof is less, so the roof of whereabouts can not produce great impact to the lifter plate, can guarantee the holistic stability of gob entry support.
And E, after the lifting plate 31 descends to the bottom plate, the pushing mechanism pushes the cut top plate into the roadway of the gob-side entry retaining through the hydraulic jack, the pushing distance of the pushing mechanism 4 is 1.5m, and when the descending distance of the lifting plate 31 is less than 20cm from the bottom plate, one side of the lifting plate close to the gob-side entry retaining is lowered to enable the lifting plate to incline, so that the cut top plate rock blocks on the lifting plate can more conveniently slide into the roadway to form the roadside support wall body 9.
And F, spraying concrete at the cut top plate gap, using concrete with large contractibility so as to adapt to the condition of large deformation of the gob-side entry retaining roadway, and repeating the steps A to F until the working face extraction is finished.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A gob-side entry retaining method for a roadside support wall body by cutting off a direct roof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. the method comprises the following steps that a gob-side entry retaining support is arranged behind a working face end support, the end support is connected with the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder, and the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a supporting mechanism, a drilling mechanism, a descending mechanism and a pushing mechanism;
B. moving the gob-side entry retaining support through a hydraulic cylinder after the coal is cut on the working face, drilling the top plate through a drilling mechanism, and arranging drill holes on the top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support;
C. filling and sealing holes in the drill hole, and lifting a lifting plate of the descending mechanism to the lower part of the top plate;
D. blasting and cutting down a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support, and slowly lowering the lifting plate by using a traction motor of the lowering mechanism;
E. after the lifting plate descends to the bottom plate, the pushing mechanism pushes the cut top plate into a roadway of the gob-side entry retaining through a hydraulic jack;
F. c, spraying concrete at the cut top plate gap, and repeating the steps A to F until the working face extraction is finished;
the support mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises an upright post, a top beam and a bottom beam, wherein the top beam is connected with the upper end of the upright post, and the bottom beam is connected with the lower end of the upright post;
the drilling mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a drilling machine fixing frame and a drilling machine, wherein the drilling machine is fixed on the drilling machine fixing frame, and the drilling machine fixing frame slides along the bottom beam;
the descending mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a lifting plate, a pulley, a steel wire rope and a traction motor, wherein the steel wire rope is connected with the lifting plate and the traction motor, and the pulley is arranged on the top beam;
the advancing mechanism of the gob-side entry retaining support comprises a cross beam and hydraulic jacks, wherein the cross beam is arranged between the stand columns, and the hydraulic jacks are arranged on the cross beam;
a connecting rod is also arranged between the bottom beams; a waste rock blocking curtain is arranged on the side surface of the lifting plate; four corners of the lifting plate are connected with steel wire ropes, and a push plate is arranged at the end part of the hydraulic jack;
cutting off a top plate above the gob-side entry retaining support once every 1.5-3 m of the working face is pushed; the depth of the drilling hole is H according to the formulaH=h-l 1 -l 2 Determining, wherein h is the roadway height, l1The amount of sinking of the top plate,. l2Is the sprayed concrete thickness;
when the depth of the drill hole is equal to the thickness of each layer of the direct roof, the depth of the drill hole along the working face is H, and the depth of the drill hole along the working face is greater than H; when the depth of the drill hole is smaller than or larger than the thickness of each layer of the direct roof, the depth of the drill hole along the working face is H, and the stratum layer parallel to the roof fracturing roof is fractured by perforation hydraulic fracturing or mechanical grooving hydraulic fracturing; and adjusting the depth of the drilled hole according to the thickness and the distribution of each layer of the direct roof.
2. The gob-side entry retaining method for a gob-side entry retaining wall by cutting off a direct roof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blasting is specifically directional blasting, and after the directional blasting, cleavage cracks formed between drilled holes penetrate to form a cut surface, and a roof above a gob-side entry retaining support is cut off.
3. The gob-side entry retaining method for a cut-off direct roof as a roadside support wall according to claim 1, wherein when the direct roof is a hard roof, a construction drill is used to cut off the roof above a gob-side entry retaining bracket; when the direct roof is a medium-hard roof, an anchor rod with the length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling; when the direct roof is a soft roof, an anchor rod with the length equal to H is arranged on the roof above the gob-side entry retaining support before construction drilling, and grouting is carried out on the cut-off block after the roof is cut off.
4. The gob-side entry retaining method for a gob-side entry retaining wall by using a cut-off direct roof as set forth in claim 1, wherein when the lowering distance of said elevating plate from said floor is less than 20cm, said elevating plate is inclined by lowering the elevating plate to a side close to said gob-side entry retaining wall.
5. The gob-side entry retaining method for the direct roof cutting roadway-side supporting wall according to claim 1, wherein hole pitch of the roof drill holes in the step B is 15cm to 30 cm; c, lifting the lifting plate to a position which is less than 10cm away from the top plate; the pushing distance of the pushing mechanism is 1-2 m.
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| CN201910274014.5A CN109882172B (en) | 2019-04-08 | 2019-04-08 | Gob-side entry retaining method by using cut-off direct roof as roadside support wall |
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