CN115989787A - Method for improving out-crossing rate of cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean - Google Patents
Method for improving out-crossing rate of cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line, which comprises the following steps: (1) Preparing land, forming isosceles trapezoid ridges, and coating seeds of the soybean sterile line; planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a mixed mode on ridge surfaces according to single-row planting, and planting maintainer lines in furrows; (2) spraying zinc sulfate aqueous solution in the seedling stage of the maintainer line; (3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period; (4) spraying a boron fertilizer aqueous solution before flowering of the sterile line; (5) Spraying an ethephon solution in the early flowering phase of the sterile line; (6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off; (7) At the later stage of the grain blast, removing the complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line; (8) When pods of the sterile line are in primary colors, leaves are green, and spraying an ethephon aqueous solution; (9) other management is performed conventionally. The method provided by the invention has obviously improved outcrossing rate and yield compared with conventional planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soybean planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line.
Background
Soybean is an important oil crop in China and has important roles in agricultural production in China. The soybean belongs to the subfamily Papilionaceae of leguminosae and is a strict closed flower pollinated crop. How to use hybrid vigor to improve soybean yield is a problem to be solved urgently. The cytoplasmic male sterile line of soybean makes possible the utilization of soybean heterosis. At present, under the open field condition, how to improve the outcrossing rate of the soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line and the yield of hybrid seed production is urgent. Currently, methods for improving soybean outcrossing rate mainly include field bee laying, attractant spraying (201610539775.5) and parental planting improvement (201310148506.2). The method has a certain promotion effect on improving the outcrossing rate of the soybean sterile line, but the field bee-setting pertinence is not strong, and most bee colonies can be attracted to other crops with larger flowers; the cost of spraying the attractant is high, the father and the mother are required to be distinguished, and the field labor intensity is high; improving the parental planting method is just one way to adapt to pollination insect activity and does not address how more insects are attracted to complete pollination. Therefore, under the open field condition, how to coordinate the response of the summer-sown soybean sterile line to the environment, the parental planting mode and the insect induction mode is particularly important for improving the production efficiency and the yield of the summer-sown soybean sterile line.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the outcrossing rate of the cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean, which utilizes the self advantages of the buckwheat crop and the cytoplasmic male sterile line of the soybean to be mixed and planted on ridges, so that the sterile line fully receives illumination, simultaneously, the interline distance between the sterile line and a maintainer line is enlarged, the activity and the activity time of insects between lines are improved, the pollination seed setting rate and the seed fullness are improved by combining a chemical control technology, and the outcrossing rate and the yield of the cytoplasmic male sterile line of the summer soybean are obviously improved.
A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, forming isosceles trapezoid ridges, and coating seeds of the soybean sterile line; planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a single row, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted in furrows in a mixed mode, and the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals in a two-hole sterile line and one-hole tartary buckwheat mode; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, and after the first-stage maintainer line, the sterile line and the tartary buckwheat are sowed at the same time, the second-stage maintainer line is sowed after 7-10 days;
(2) Spraying zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the maintainer line for 1 time in the seedling stage with 2-3 compound leaves to induce multi-flowering;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) Spraying boron fertilizer aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time 8-10 days before flowering, and promoting pollination and fructification;
(5) Spraying ethephon aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time in the period of 3-5 days of the initial flowering phase of the sterile line, controlling the growth and preventing lodging;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) At the later stage of the grain blast, 2-3 complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line are removed, so that nutrient consumption is promoted, and the leaves are fallen in time;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are in primary colors, leaves are green, and ethephon aqueous solution is sprayed on the leaves of the pods for 1 time, so that maturation and leaf fall are promoted, and pod picking is facilitated;
(9) Others are managed conventionally.
Preferably, in the step (1), in the isosceles trapezoid ridge, the ridge surface is 8-10cm, the ridge height is 15-20cm, the ridge width is 100-120cm, and the cross-sectional area is 810-1300cm 2 。
Preferably, the line spacing of the sterile line and the primary and secondary maintainer lines is b, b=ridge width +.2+ (10-20), in cm.
Preferably, in the step (1), two seeds are planted in each of the ridge surface and the furrows in the furrows without thinning, the hole distances are 8-10cm, and the planting depths are 3-5cm.
Preferably, in the step (1), the seed coating is coated with 62.5% metalaxyl fludioxonil suspension seed coating.
Preferably, in the step (2), the concentration of the zinc sulfate aqueous solution is 0.05-0.1wt% and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
Preferably, in the step (4), the concentration of the boron fertilizer aqueous solution is 0.1-0.2wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
Preferably, the concentration of the ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer solution in the step (5) is 0.3-0.5wt%, the concentration of the ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer solution in the step (8) is 1-1.5wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the invention, the self advantages of the buckwheat crops and the sterile line of the soybean are used for being mixed and planted on the ridge, so that on one hand, pollinating insects can be attracted to move among the sterile line of the soybean, on the other hand, the sterile line of the soybean can be promoted to receive sufficient illumination, the moving time and the activity of the pollinating insects can be reduced due to field closure, and the pollination can be promoted;
(2) Expanding the line spacing between the sterile line and the maintainer line, so that the micro-environment between the group structure and the soybean line can better promote the insect activity;
(3) The chemical control technology is matched, so that the flowers of the maintainer line are more, the defoliation of the sterile line is better, sterile pods are easy to find, and the seeds are plump;
(4) The outcrossing rate and the yield are obviously improved compared with the conventional planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a field planting configuration of sterile lines and maintainer lines;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a planting configuration of sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a mixed field;
FIG. 3 shows an actual configuration diagram of field planting and an actual configuration diagram of sterile line single-cropping in the method of the invention;
FIG. 4 shows the pod bearing of the single plant of the method of the invention and the pod bearing of the single plant of the sterile line of the conventional method.
Detailed Description
A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, forming isosceles trapezoid ridges, and coating seeds of the soybean sterile line; planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a single row, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted in furrows in a mixed mode, and the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals in a two-hole sterile line and one-hole tartary buckwheat mode; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, and after the first-stage maintainer line, the sterile line and the tartary buckwheat are sowed at the same time, the second-stage maintainer line is sowed after 7-10 days;
(2) Spraying zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the maintainer line for 1 time in the seedling stage with 2-3 compound leaves to induce multi-flowering;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) Spraying boron fertilizer aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time 8-10 days before flowering, and promoting pollination and fructification;
(5) Spraying ethephon aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time in the period of 3-5 days of the initial flowering phase of the sterile line, controlling the growth and preventing lodging;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) At the later stage of the grain blast, 2-3 complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line are removed, so that nutrient consumption is promoted, and the leaves are fallen in time;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are in primary colors, leaves are green, and ethephon aqueous solution is sprayed on the leaves of the pods for 1 time, so that maturation and leaf fall are promoted, and pod picking is facilitated;
(9) Others are managed according to the conventional method;
in the step (1), the isosceles trapezoid ridge has 8-10cm ridge surface, 15-20cm ridge height, 100-120cm ridge width and 810-1300cm cross section area 2 ；
The row spacing of the sterile line and the primary and secondary maintainer lines is b, b=ridge width/2+ (10-20), and the unit is cm;
in the step (1), during planting, two seeds are planted in each of the ridge surface and the holes of the furrows, no thinning is performed, the hole distances are 8-10cm, and the planting depths are 3-5cm;
in the step (1), the seed coating is carried out by adopting 62.5% metalaxyl-fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent;
in the step (2), the concentration of the zinc sulfate aqueous solution is 0.05-0.1wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg;
in the step (4), the concentration of the boron fertilizer aqueous solution is 0.1-0.2wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg;
the concentration of the ethylene-propylene solution in the step (5) is 0.3-0.5wt%, the concentration of the ethylene-propylene solution in the step (8) is 1-1.5wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
In the invention, a field planting configuration diagram of the sterile line and the maintainer line is shown in fig. 1, and a field planting configuration diagram of the sterile line and the tartary buckwheat is shown in fig. 2.
Example 1
A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil preparation is carried out to form isosceles trapezoid ridges, wherein the surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid ridges are 8cm, the heights of the ridges are 15cm, the widths of the ridges are 100cm, and the cross-sectional areas of the ridges are 810cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Coating soybean sterile line seeds with 62.5% metalaxyl-fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; during sowing, planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a mixed mode on ridge surfaces according to single-row planting, and planting maintainer lines in furrows, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals according to a mode of two-hole sterile lines and one-hole tartary buckwheat; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, the line spacing between the sterile line and the first-stage maintainer line and the line spacing between the sterile line and the second-stage maintainer line are 60cm, and the first-stage maintainer line, the sterile line and the sweet buckwheat are sowed simultaneously, and then the second-stage maintainer line is sowed 7 days later; wherein, two grains are planted in each of the ridge surface and the holes of the furrows without thinning, the hole distance is 8cm, and the planting depth is 3cm;
(2) Spraying 0.1wt% zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the maintainer line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 25kg in the seedling stage of 2-3 leaves of the maintainer line to induce multi-flowering;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) Spraying 0.1wt% boron fertilizer aqueous solution to the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 25kg 8 days before flowering, and promoting pollination and fructification;
(5) Spraying 0.5wt% ethephon aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 25kg for 3 days in the initial flowering period, controlling the growth and preventing lodging;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) At the later stage of the grain blast, 2-3 complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line are removed, so that nutrient consumption is promoted, and the leaves are fallen in time;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are primary colors, leaves are green, and 25kg of ethylene aqueous solution with the weight percent of 1 percent is sprayed to the leaves of the pods for 1 time according to the mu consumption, so that the pods are promoted to mature and fall, and the pods are convenient to pick;
(9) Others are managed conventionally.
Example 2
A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil preparation is carried out to form isosceles trapezoid ridges, wherein the surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid ridges are 9cm, the heights of the ridges are 20cm, the widths of the ridges are 110cm, and the cross-sectional areas are 1190cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Coating soybean sterile line seeds with 62.5% metalaxyl-fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; during sowing, planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a mixed mode on ridge surfaces according to single-row planting, and planting maintainer lines in furrows, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals according to a mode of two-hole sterile lines and one-hole tartary buckwheat; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, the line spacing between the sterile line and the first-stage maintainer line and the line spacing between the sterile line and the second-stage maintainer line are 70cm, and the first-stage maintainer line and the sterile line are sowed simultaneously and then the second-stage maintainer line is sowed 8 days later; wherein, two grains are planted in each of the ridge surface and the holes of the furrows without thinning, the hole distance is 9cm, and the planting depth is 4cm;
(2) Spraying 0.1wt% zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the maintainer line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 30kg in the seedling stage of 2-3 leaves, and inducing multiple flowering;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) 10 days before flowering of the sterile line, spraying 0.2wt% of boron fertilizer aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the dosage of 30kg per mu, and promoting pollination and fructification;
(5) Spraying 0.4wt% ethephon aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 30kg in 5 days of the initial flowering period, controlling the growth and preventing lodging;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) At the later stage of the grain blast, 2-3 complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line are removed, so that nutrient consumption is promoted, and the leaves are fallen in time;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are primary colors, leaves are green, 30kg of ethylene aqueous solution with the weight percent of 1.5 percent is sprayed on the leaves of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption, so that the maturation and the defoliation are promoted, and the pod is convenient to pick;
(9) Others are managed conventionally.
Example 3
A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line comprises the following steps:
(1) Soil preparation is carried out to form isosceles trapezoid ridges, wherein the surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid ridges are 10cm, the heights of the ridges are 20cm, the widths of the ridges are 120cm, and the cross-sectional areas of the isosceles trapezoid ridges are 1300cm 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Coating soybean sterile line seeds with 62.5% metalaxyl-fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent; during sowing, planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a mixed mode on ridge surfaces according to single-row planting, and planting maintainer lines in furrows, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals according to a mode of two-hole sterile lines and one-hole tartary buckwheat; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, the line spacing of the first-stage maintainer line, the second-stage maintainer line and the sterile line is 80cm, and the second-stage maintainer line is sowed 10 days later after the first-stage maintainer line and the sterile line are sowed simultaneously; wherein, two grains are planted in each of the ridge surface and the holes of the furrows without thinning, the hole distance is 10cm, and the planting depth is 5cm;
(2) Spraying 0.05wt% zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaves of the maintainer line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 30kg in the seedling stage of 2-3 leaves of the maintainer line to induce multi-flowering;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) Spraying 0.15wt% boron fertilizer aqueous solution to the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the dosage of 30kg per mu 9 days before flowering, and promoting pollination and fructification;
(5) Spraying 0.3wt% ethephon aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption of 30kg for 4 days in the initial flowering period, controlling the growth and preventing lodging;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) At the later stage of the grain blast, 2-3 complex leaves at the top end of the sterile line are removed, so that nutrient consumption is promoted, and the leaves are fallen in time;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are primary colors, leaves are green, 30kg of ethylene aqueous solution with the weight percent of 1.5 percent is sprayed on the leaves of the sterile line for 1 time according to the mu consumption, so that the maturation and the defoliation are promoted, and the pod is convenient to pick;
(9) Others are managed conventionally.
Example 4
In 2022, sterile line propagation was performed at the experimental base of the agricultural science institute of jungle fowl city, qing mountain county, qing mountain, by using sterile line (W931A) and maintainer line M0305. The test was carried out by the method of example 3 of the present invention, and at the same time, the conventional method was adopted as a comparison (row spacing 40cm, no buckwheat was mixed in the sterile line, the sterile line and the maintainer line were sown with dew, the maintainer line was the same as that of example 3, and a field management mode was adopted), the planting density of each treatment was 1.25 ten thousand/mu, sowing was carried out for 6 months and 16 days, the test area was 1 mu each, and other planting conditions were the same as those of the field management mode. 3 sampling points are randomly taken in the field after the mature, 20 plants of sterile line and maintainer line are sampled at each sampling point, and the outcrossing rate is calculated. The calculation method comprises the following steps: outcrossing = average number of sterile pods/average number of maintainer pods x 100%. The test results are shown in tables 1 and 2. A field planting diagram adopting the method of the example 3 and the conventional method is shown in fig. 3, and a single plant is shown in fig. 4.
TABLE 1 pod number and grain number of the present invention and conventional methods
TABLE 2 outcrossing rate and yield of the present invention with conventional methods
The results show that the average outcrossing rate of the method provided in the example 4 is 46.59%, the outcrossing rate of the conventional method is only 7.84%, and the method can remarkably improve the outcrossing rate and the grain yield of the sterile line of the soybean compared with the conventional method.
Example 5
In 2021, sterile line propagation was performed at the experimental base of the agricultural science institute of jungle fowl city, qing mountain county, qing mountain, by using sterile line (W931A) and maintainer line M0305. By adopting the method provided in the embodiment 3 of the invention, the conventional method is adopted as a comparison (row spacing is 40cm, the sterile line is not mixed with the tartary buckwheat, the sterile line and the maintainer line are sown in the open horizon, the maintainer line is the same as the maintainer line in the embodiment 3, a field management mode is adopted), the planting density of each treatment is 1.25 ten thousand/mu, the sowing is carried out for 6 months and 19 days, the test area is 1 mu, and other planting conditions are the same as the field management mode. 3 samples are randomly taken in the field after maturation, 20 strains of sterile line and maintainer line are sampled at each sample, the outcrossing rate is calculated, the calculation method is the same as that of example 4, and the test results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 pod number and grain number of the present invention and conventional methods
TABLE 4 outcrossing rate and yield of the present invention with conventional methods
The result shows that the average outcrossing rate of the method provided by the invention is 28.73%, the outcrossing rate of the conventional method is 20.85%, and compared with the conventional method, the method provided by the invention can obviously improve the outcrossing rate and the seed yield of the sterile line of soybean.
Example 6
In 2020, sterile line propagation was performed by using sterile line (W931A) and maintainer line M0305 at the experimental base of the agricultural science institute of Qing Ji Qingshan county, qishan, baozhen City. By adopting the method of the embodiment 3 of the invention, meanwhile, the conventional method is adopted as a comparison (row spacing is 40cm, the sterile line is not mixed with the tartary buckwheat, the sterile line and the maintainer line are sown in the open horizon, the maintainer line is the same as the maintainer line in the embodiment 3, a field management mode is adopted), the planting density of each treatment is 1.25 ten thousand/mu, the sowing is carried out for 6 months and 14 days, the test area is 0.5 mu, and other planting conditions are the same as the field management mode. 3 samples are randomly taken in the field after maturation, 15 strains of sterile line and maintainer line are sampled at each sample, the outcrossing rate is calculated, the calculation method is the same as that of example 4, and the test results are shown in tables 5 and 6.
TABLE 5 pod number and grain number of the present invention and conventional methods
TABLE 6 outcrossing rate and yield of the present invention with conventional methods
The result shows that the average outcrossing rate of the method provided by the invention is 25.53%, the outcrossing rate of the conventional method is 5.97%, and compared with the conventional method, the method provided by the invention can obviously improve the outcrossing rate and the seed yield of the sterile line of soybean.
Example 7
In 2006-2016, the inventors utilized the sterile line (W931A) and the maintainer line M0305 at the laboratory base of the agricultural science institute of Qing Bao chickens, qingshan county, qishan, qing Ji, cheng Ji, co., ltd., the relationship between meteorological elements and sterile line outcrossing rate is adopted for sterile line propagation, the influence of illumination time on the outcrossing rate is researched, and the result shows that: the natural illumination time x is in direct positive correlation with the outcrossing rate y of the sterile line (y= 0.1961x-9.0268,R 2 =0.840，P<0.05）。
in 2019, in order to increase the illumination time of the sterile line, a ridge culture method is adopted to improve the natural illumination time and the ventilation and light transmission in the field, and the original planting mode of the method is gradually formed, and the planting method (the ridge width is 100cm, and the cross section area is 1100 cm) 2 The line spacing of the sterile line and the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line is 60cm, and the other lines are the same as in example 3), and meanwhile, a conventional method is adopted as a comparison (the line spacing is 40cm, the sterile line is not mixed with the tartary buckwheat, the sterile line and the maintainer line are subjected to dew-horizon sowing, the maintainer line is the same as the maintainer line in example 3, a field management mode is adopted), the planting density of each treatment is 1.25 ten thousand/mu, the sowing is carried out for 14 days in 6 months, the test area is 1.5 mu, and other planting conditions and the field management mode are the same. 3 sampling points are randomly taken in the field after the mature, 20 plants of sterile line and maintainer line are sampled at each sampling point, and the outcrossing rate is calculated. The calculation method comprises the following steps: outcrossing = average number of sterile pods/average number of maintainer pods x 100%. The test results are shown in tables 7 and 8.
TABLE 7 pod number and grain number of the present invention and conventional methods
TABLE 8 outcrossing rate and yield of the present invention with conventional methods
The result shows that the average outcrossing rate of the method provided by the invention is 21.28%, the outcrossing rate of the conventional method is 3.73%, and compared with the conventional method, the method provided by the invention can obviously improve the outcrossing rate and the seed yield of the sterile line of soybean.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving the outcrossing rate of a summer soybean cytoplasmic male sterile line is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing land, forming isosceles trapezoid ridges, and coating seeds of the soybean sterile line; planting sterile lines and tartary buckwheat in a single row, wherein the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted in furrows in a mixed mode, and the sterile lines and the tartary buckwheat planted on the ridge surfaces are planted at intervals in a two-hole sterile line and one-hole tartary buckwheat mode; the maintainer line is divided into a first-stage maintainer line and a second-stage maintainer line, the first-stage maintainer line and the second-stage maintainer line are planted at intervals, and after the first-stage maintainer line, the sterile line and the tartary buckwheat are sowed at the same time, the second-stage maintainer line is sowed after 7-10 days;
(2) Spraying zinc sulfate aqueous solution on the leaf surface of the maintainer line for 1 time in the seedling stage of 2-3 compound leaves;
(3) The sterile line and the maintainer line are not sprayed with insecticide between the week before flowering and the end of the flowering period;
(4) Spraying boron fertilizer water solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time 8-10 days before flowering;
(5) Spraying ethephon solution on the leaf surface of the sterile line for 1 time in the period of 3-5 days of the initial flowering period of the sterile line;
(6) After the flowering period of the maintainer line is finished, the second-period maintainer line is cut off;
(7) 2-3 complex leaves at the top of the sterile line are removed at the later stage of the grain swelling;
(8) When pods of the sterile line are in primary colors and leaves are green, spraying ethephon aqueous solution on the leaves of the pods for 1 time;
(9) Others are managed conventionally.
2. The method for improving the outcrossing rate of the cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybeans according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: in the step (1), in the isosceles trapezoid ridge, the ridge surface is 8-10cm, the ridge height is 15-20cm, the ridge width is 100-120cm, and the cross section area is 810-1300cm 2 。
3. The method for improving the outcrossing rate of the cytoplasmic male sterile line of the summer soybean according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the row spacing of the sterile line and the primary and secondary maintainer lines is b, b=ridge width/2+ (10-20), and the unit is cm.
4. A method for increasing the outcrossing rate of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (1), during planting, two seeds are planted in each of the ridge surface and the furrows, no thinning is performed, the hole distances are 8-10cm, and the planting depths are 3-5cm.
5. The method for increasing the outcrossing rate of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean according to claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), the seed coating is carried out by adopting 62.5% metalaxyl-fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent.
6. The method for increasing the outcrossing rate of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean according to claim 5, wherein: in the step (2), the concentration of the zinc sulfate aqueous solution is 0.05-0.1wt% and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
7. The method for increasing the outcrossing rate of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean according to claim 6, wherein: in the step (4), the concentration of the boron fertilizer aqueous solution is 0.1-0.2wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
8. The method for increasing the outcrossing rate of a cytoplasmic male sterile line of summer soybean according to claim 7, wherein: the concentration of the ethylene-propylene solution in the step (5) is 0.3-0.5wt%, the concentration of the ethylene-propylene solution in the step (8) is 1-1.5wt%, and the mu consumption is 25-30kg.
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| CN113367061A (en) * | 2021-05-29 | 2021-09-10 | 吉林省养蜂科学研究所（吉林省蜂产品质量管理监督站、吉林省蜜蜂遗传资源基因保护中心） | Method for improving pollination rate of soybeans |
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| US6646186B1 (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2003-11-11 | Stine Seed Farm Inc. | Hybrid soybeans and methods of production |
| CN1391795A (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2003-01-22 | 山西省农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所 | Hybrid seed producing method for soybean hybrid seed |
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