CN115988445A

CN115988445A - Slope staged combined monitoring method based on wireless transmission

Info

Publication number: CN115988445A
Application number: CN202211606794.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪青杰; 朱佳乐; 焦莉; 张延年
Original assignee: Shenyang Jianzhu University
Current assignee: Shenyang Jianzhu University
Priority date: 2022-12-14
Filing date: 2022-12-14
Publication date: 2023-04-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a wireless transmission-based slope staged combined monitoring method, and belongs to the technical field of slope monitoring. And a set of shared data transceiving system is used for transceiving data, an improved measuring robot monitoring method is adopted from the beginning of construction to the beginning of the construction of the protective pile, a TDR coaxial cable is synchronously drilled and installed at a position 1m-2m away from the protective pile when the protective pile is constructed, the improved TDR monitoring method is involved, and subsequent combined monitoring is carried out. The invention has the advantages that the invention adopts staged combined monitoring, solves the influence of climatic environment factors and saves cost; the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission realizes wireless, remote, real-time and accurate data receiving and transmitting; the improved monitoring method of the measuring robot has the advantages that the monitoring net is wide in coverage area, the using amount of prisms is reduced, and the problem that base points are selected complicatedly is solved; the improved TDR monitoring method simplifies construction steps, shortens construction period and can judge reinforcement engineering effect; the degree of automation is high, reduces manpower and materials when improving monitoring efficiency, guarantees monitoring process safety.

Description

Slope staged combined monitoring method based on wireless transmission

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope monitoring, and relates to a slope staged combined monitoring method based on wireless transmission.

Background

The method for monitoring the slope stability is a key step for analyzing the slope stability.

China has complex geological structure, various landforms and large topographic relief, thereby bringing great challenge to the monitoring of the side slope. Meanwhile, the traditional monitoring technology has more defects, and is particularly characterized in that manual data acquisition is needed, the workload is high, a large number of slope deformation instability processes of China mostly occur in mountainous areas and mostly accompany severe climates such as rainstorm, earthquake and the like, so that safety accidents are easy to happen when people monitor the slope manually, the efficiency is low, and the obtained data are inaccurate. For example, optical instruments used in geodetic methods commonly used for surface deformation are susceptible to environmental weather and topographic conditions, and borehole inclinometers commonly used for borehole inclinometer for monitoring deep deformation are expensive and have a long monitoring period.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the research trend at home and abroad has been developing in the aspects of automation, remote monitoring, high precision, low cost and the like. A number of new monitoring technologies are emerging, such as Global Positioning System (GPS), remote sensing technology (RS), geographic Information System (GIS), commonly known as "3S" technology, ground laser scanner technology, synthetic aperture radar interferometry, digital close-range photogrammetry, distributed fiber sensing technology, AE technology, inSAR technology, measurement robots, TDR technology, etc.

The TDR technology becomes a time domain reflection method, is an electrical measurement technology for measuring the deformation degree and the deformation position of the cable, and is mainly applied to the communication industry in the early stage; the measuring robot is improved on the basis of a total station, can replace a human to search, track and identify, and can accurately obtain the measurement calculation of distance, angle, three-dimensional coordinates and image information.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of side slope monitoring, the traditional manual monitoring method is adopted, so that monitoring personnel can be exposed to danger in the construction and monitoring processes, the efficiency is not high, the data is inaccurate, the data receiving and sending are not real-time, meanwhile, the influence of severe weather and environment is large, the monitoring engineering construction process is complex, the construction period is long, the consumption of manpower and material resources is large, the cost is high, and the single monitoring method is also the same. Therefore, the application provides a slope staged combination monitoring method based on wireless transmission, which solves the problems and the limitations of data acquisition, transmission, processing and analysis modes of the traditional monitoring mode; the movable lifting table device is adopted to adjust the perspective condition of the measuring robot and lay a rectangular omnibearing monitoring net, so that the problems of difficult point selection and distribution and incomplete coverage of the monitoring net are solved; meanwhile, the installation mode of the TDR coaxial cable solves the problem that the traditional monitoring mode cannot judge the reinforcement engineering effect in time, and also solves the problem of short construction period to a certain extent.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the wireless transmission-based slope staged combined monitoring method comprises the following steps:

firstly, a set of complete and improved measuring robot monitoring method and an improved TDR monitoring method shared data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission are arranged;

the improved measuring robot monitoring method is a method for realizing the omnidirectional monitoring of the slope displacement by setting a simple device to adjust the through-view condition of a full-automatic total station to search a target prism on a slope surface similar to a rectangular monitoring net, automatically collecting and recording monitoring data by a self-contained data storage system, and further connecting a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission to receive and transmit the monitoring data;

the improved TDR monitoring method is a remote electronic measurement method, a TDR coaxial cable is buried at a position 1m-2m away from a protective pile and is synchronously constructed with the protective pile, the TDR coaxial cable is used as a sensor, a coaxial cable tester sends electric pulses and measures, reads and records relative impedance change data of the length of the whole coaxial cable, a multiplexer is arranged to monitor multiple points simultaneously, and then a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is connected to receive and transmit the monitoring data, so that the method for comprehensively monitoring the slope displacement is realized;

the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission comprises a data acquisition module, a wireless transmission module, a data processing and analyzing module and a terminal module;

the data acquisition module comprises an improved measuring robot data acquisition submodule and a TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule;

the improved measuring robot monitoring method data acquisition submodule and the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule are respectively in independent wired connection with an improved measuring robot data storage system and in independent wired connection with a coaxial cable detector, and when the improved measuring robot monitoring method and the improved TDR monitoring method start to work, data acquisition is automatically carried out and the data acquisition module is used for storing the data integrally;

the wireless transmission module is connected with the data acquisition module and the data processing and analyzing module in a two-way mode and used for receiving and transmitting data wirelessly, in real time, remotely and accurately.

The data processing and analyzing module is in bidirectional connection with the wireless transmission module and the terminal module and is used for processing and analyzing data and related images transmitted to the data processing and analyzing module through the wireless transmission module; further transmitting the processed and analyzed data and the related images to a terminal module;

the data processing and analyzing module is used for processing and analyzing data and related images, namely classifying, comparing and analyzing three-dimensional coordinate data and related images for judging surface displacement and deformation data and related images of coaxial cables for judging underground displacement and deformation, and then accurately outputting data reports and corresponding displacement and deformation graphs in a short time;

the surface displacement mainly comprises horizontal displacement, vertical displacement and cracks, and the underground displacement and deformation mainly comprise sliding surface depth and main sliding direction;

the terminal module is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and used for receiving various processed and analyzed data and related images transmitted by the data processing and analyzing module and displaying various visual data reports and specific side slope displacement and deformation graphs to observers;

2) And further performing stage planning and related layout for performing the slope staged combined monitoring by using an improved measuring robot monitoring method and an improved TDR monitoring method according to the characteristics of each construction stage of the slope. When construction begins to the construction of the protective pile, an improved measuring robot monitoring method is adopted as a main monitoring means, and the improved measuring robot monitoring method is subjected to related layout; the improved TDR monitoring method is introduced when the construction of the protective pile is started, and the TDR monitoring method is laid in a related mode; the improved measurement robot monitoring method and the TDR monitoring method are combined for monitoring;

the related layout of the measuring robot monitoring method refers to that a relatively flat section is selected at the top and the bottom of a slope to install and fix a movable lifting platform device; further installing a measuring robot thereon; further laying measuring points to form an omnibearing observation network; further adjusting the position of the measuring robot to enable the measuring robot to search each measuring point and fix the measuring robot; the wireless transmission-based data receiving and transmitting system is further connected;

the related layout of the TDR monitoring method means that holes are synchronously drilled at the position 1m-2m beside the fender pile when the fender pile is to be drilled for construction; further installing a TDR coaxial cable; further pouring cement mortar, and tightly combining surrounding rock and soil and the TDR coaxial cable; further connecting a cable detector; and the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is further connected.

Furthermore, the data acquisition module, the wireless transmission module, the data processing and analyzing module and the terminal module of the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission are all internally provided with replaceable rechargeable batteries, power supply equipment is not needed, and the terminal module can be a computer terminal and a mobile phone terminal.

Further, the wireless transmission module may be a 5G wireless module, a 4G wireless module, or a Wi-Fi wireless module.

Furthermore, the movable lifting platform device consists of a semicircular track and a lifting platform, and the movable lifting platform device consists of a semicircular track and a lifting platform; the semicircular track consists of an inner half track and an outer half track, and bolt caps are arranged on the middle lines of the inner half track and the outer half track at equal intervals to realize the movement and the fixation of the lifting platform; the lifting platform is a manual lifting platform, two sides of the bottom of the lifting platform are provided with symmetrical rolling shafts, bolt holes are formed in the middle of the bottom of the lifting platform, the lifting platform is installed on the semicircular track, and the table top is provided with a measuring robot fixing bolt to fix the measuring robot.

Furthermore, the improved monitoring method for the measuring robot to realize the omnibearing monitoring of the displacement of the side slope means that the adopted measuring robot is a TM30 measuring robot with high precision, firmness and durability, and one movable lifting table is respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the slope to serve as two reference points, namely J01 and J02; further, common circular prisms are symmetrically distributed in a regular triangle form from top to bottom and from bottom to top to serve as observation points, and the whole monitoring network is similar to a rectangular omnibearing monitoring network; further determining the reference point and the coordinate of the robot by using a high-precision space positioning technology of the TM30 measuring robot; further, the measuring robot data storage system is independently connected with the measuring robot data acquisition submodule in a wired mode; further controlling a TM30 measuring robot to carry out automatic cyclic observation for 5-10 times on each monitoring point by manually setting parameters to obtain three-dimensional observation data and obtain corresponding images; further transferring the data and the corresponding images to a separately connected data acquisition submodule of the measuring robot; further completing the subsequent data receiving, transmitting and monitoring.

Further, the improved TDR monitoring method realizes the comprehensive monitoring of the side slope displacement, namely, firstly, when the side slope protection pile needs to be drilled during construction, holes are drilled at the position 1m-2m away from the protection pile, a TDR coaxial cable is placed in the drilled holes, the TDR coaxial cable is further connected with a cable tester, the cable tester is used as a signal source, stepping voltage pulses are sent out and transmitted through the cable, and pulse signals reflected from the cable are reflected; further connecting the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule to a cable tester, controlling the cable tester, and recording and storing pulse signals reflected from the cable; a multiplexer is further provided to monitor multiple points simultaneously; further completing the subsequent data receiving, sending and monitoring.

Further onThe integral structure of the monitoring net similar to a rectangle means that the transverse widths of the top and the bottom of the slope are respectively and approximately measured and taken as the bottom edges of an upper equilateral triangle and a lower equilateral triangle which are marked as an upper edge 1 and a lower edge 1; further dividing the two bottom edges into n sections at equal intervals according to 1m-1.5m to form n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes; further taking n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes as prism placement points and marking; further determining the positions of the other four edges by taking the two bottom edges of the upper and lower equilateral triangles as references, marking as an upper edge 2, a lower edge 2, an upper edge 3 and a lower edge 3, and dividing and marking by the same method as the two bottom edges; further fixing the prism bases with the threaded holes at the position of the marking point in sequence; further, the common circular prisms with screws are sequentially arranged on the base; the monitoring device is characterized in that two large equilateral triangle monitoring nets are further formed by an upper edge 1, a lower edge 2 and an edge 3, and the two large equilateral triangle monitoring nets are combined to be approximately rectangular as a whole and serve as two standard surfaces; further according to the characteristics of the side slope, equal-distance arrangement of prisms on connecting lines of equal-distance points (a) 8230; a) 82301, equal-distance points (a) n-1 and equal-distance points (a) on the

sides

2 and 3 of the upper and lower standard surfaces is carried out at the parts of the side slope which are easy to be unstable, so as to form small equilateral triangle subnets in the upper and lower standard surfaces; further taking any point of two vertexes of the upper edge 1 and the lower edge 1 as a starting point of the cyclic observation of the measuring robot; further named as G01, G02, G03 ...: ' 8230 '; ' Gn ² -n; and further forming a connecting line of the slope top and slope bottom measuring robot around the edge 1, the edge 2 and the edge 3 of the standard surface, namely a bisector point, a trisection point, 8230a trisection point and an n-1 trisection point, and forming an S-shaped route to search the whole omnibearing similar rectangular monitoring net of the prism.

Furthermore, the three-dimensional observation data and the corresponding images acquired by the measuring robot performing 5-10 times of automatic circuit observation on each monitoring point refer to three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images of each fixed monitoring point each time when the measuring robot performs 5-10 times of automatic circuit observation; the step of completing subsequent data transceiving and monitoring refers to the step of collecting and storing the three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images by a data collection submodule of the measuring robot, wherein the three-dimensional coordinates are recorded as M1, M2 and M3, 8230Mn; the collected and stored three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images are further transmitted to a data processing and analyzing module through a wireless transmission module, pairwise difference values are obtained after processing and analysis of the data processing and analyzing module and serve as deformation quantities of observation points, the deformation quantities are recorded as delta 1= M2-M1, delta 2= M3-M2, 8230that delta n = Mn-Mn-1, and body displacement and deformation images are classified; and further transmitting the processed and analyzed visual data report and the specific displacement and deformation maps to a terminal module for monitoring the earth surface displacement and deformation development conditions, wherein the monitoring mainly comprises horizontal displacement, vertical displacement monitoring and crack monitoring.

Further, recording and storing pulse signals reflected from the cable, and further completing subsequent data transceiving and monitoring, wherein the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cable can be changed when the coaxial cable is distorted, bent, disconnected and the like due to slope instability, the electric pulse signals can be reflected and generate a reflection signal, and after the TDR tester receives the reflection signal, the data of delay, wavelength, range and intensity of the transmission signal and the reflection signal and related images are transferred to the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule; further transmitting the data to a data processing and analyzing module through a wireless transmission module; the data processing and analyzing module further analyzes and compares the data transmitted by the wireless transmission module, and clear displacement and deformation graphs and data reports are obtained through classification; further transmitting the displacement and deformation graph and the data report to the terminal module; and further judging the position and the deformation type of the coaxial cable, judging whether the slope soil body in the whole area is deformed, mainly monitoring underground displacement relative to a stable stratum, confirming and determining the structural characteristics of the displacement, determining the depth of a potential slip plane, judging the depth of a main slip plane, judging the main slip direction and judging the slope reinforcement engineering effect.

Furthermore, the improved measuring robot monitoring method is mainly applied to monitoring when the reinforcing engineering protective pile is not constructed in the early stage, the measuring robot is independently connected with the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission through the measuring robot data acquisition submodule, the TDR data acquisition submodule does not work, the TDR monitoring method is involved when the slope protective pile starts to be constructed, and the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is connected through the TDR data acquisition submodule.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission effectively solves the problem of data receiving and transmitting when different monitoring modes are combined for monitoring, ensures the accuracy and timeliness of data, realizes wireless remote transmission, enables the monitoring result to be presented to an observer in a visual report form and a figure, and reduces the workload of the monitoring personnel; meanwhile, the monitoring is combined by stages, when the construction of the reinforcing engineering protection pile is not carried out in the initial stage, the monitoring is carried out by adopting an improved measuring robot monitoring method, the safety of the construction process and the monitoring process can be ensured, and simultaneously, observation points are symmetrically arranged in a regular triangle form from top to bottom and from bottom to top, so that the design and the later-stage data processing are simple, the coverage of the formed monitoring net on the side slope is wider, the use number of prisms is effectively reduced, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, a simple movable lifting platform device is installed to adjust the perspective condition of the measuring robot, so that the problem of difficult point selection is solved; when the protective pile is subjected to hole forming construction, a TDR coaxial cable is synchronously drilled and installed at a position 1m-2m away from the protective pile, an improved TDR monitoring method is involved, the TDR coaxial cable and the TDR monitoring method are combined for monitoring, the construction steps are simplified, the construction period is shortened, a certain monitoring effect is achieved on the protective pile construction, and therefore the reinforcement engineering effect can be judged and remedied in time; meanwhile, the improved TDR monitoring method and the improved measuring robot monitoring method are adopted for combined monitoring, the advantages and the disadvantages of the improved TDR monitoring method and the improved measuring robot monitoring method are combined, the mutual compensation is realized, the monitoring problem greatly influenced by severe weather and climate is solved, the automation degree is high, the unmanned observation in 24 hours can be realized, the safety of the construction process and the monitoring process is ensured, and the cost is effectively saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data transceiving system based on wireless transmission;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side slope monitoring network quartered in an improved measuring robot monitoring method;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of a slope monitoring observation base point in an improved measuring robot monitoring method;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the monitoring principle and arrangement of the improved TDR monitoring method;

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the movable stage apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of combined monitoring;

FIG. 8 is an elevation view of a Nanmenxi grand bridge;

FIG. 9 is an elevation view of a pile foundation and a fender pile of a main tower of a Nanmenxi grand bridge;

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a side slope of a bank of No. 4 main piers of the Nanmenxi grand bridge;

FIG. 11 is a monitoring diagram of a Nanmanxi grand bridge 4# main pier accumulation body;

FIG. 12 is a partial observation pile monitoring result graph;

FIG. 13 is a diagram of the result of horizontal displacement of the deep layer of measuring point 1;

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the result of horizontal displacement of the deep layer at the measurement point 2.

In the figure: the circle shown in 1 is the arrangement point of each prism; 2 is the lower edge 1; the lower side 2 is 3; 4, the lower side is three; 5 is a small regular triangle sub-network in the standard plane; 6 is the upper side 1;7 is the upper side 2;8 is the upper side 3;9 is a coaxial cable detector; 10 is TDR coaxial cable; 11 is a protective pile; 12 is a semicircular sliding track; 13 is a lifting platform fixing bolt; 14 is a manual lifting platform; 15 is a measuring robot fixing bolt; 16 is a data receiving and transmitting system; the embedded positions of the 16 displacement piles are GC-1, GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, GC-5, GC-6, GC-7, GC-8, GC-9, GC-10, GC-11, GC-12, GC-13, GC-14, GC-15 and GC-16 respectively; SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, SP7, SP8, and SP9 are respectively 9 inclinometer pipe installation positions.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

the embodiment takes a nan benxi grand bridge as an example, the nan benxi grand bridge is positioned at about 1.7km upstream of the existing south benxi grand bridge in the province of S311, is a full-line control project, and is a double-tower double-cable-face prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge with the length of 2 multiplied by 30m + (160m +360m + 160m) +6 multiplied by 40m, the length of the bridge is 987.5m, the height of a main tower is 244.5m/253.5m, the main span is 360m, and the elevation of the nan benxi grand bridge is shown in fig. 8.

Because south mengxi super bridge 4# mound is in the anti-skidding section of accumulation body, cushion cap size is great, the main tower is higher, for guaranteeing construction period and operation period main part engineering safety, the lower edge sets up the fender pile respectively on the cushion cap. The specific design is as follows:

(1) A row of embedded slope protection piles (with the design sliding resistance of 500 KN/m) are arranged at 6m of the lower edge of the No. 4 pier, the length of each pile is 25m, the diameter of each pile is 1.8m, the distance between every two piles is 2m, the number of the piles is 28, and the tops of the piles are connected by 1.8 multiplied by 1.5m crown beams.

(2) 16 square anti-slide piles of 2.5m multiplied by 3m are arranged at the position 1.1m on the upper edge of the No. 4 pier, the length of each pile is 32-36m, the distance between every two piles is 5m, and the tops of the piles are connected by crown beams of 3m multiplied by 1.5 m.

(3) 30 rock-socketed piles with the diameter of 2.8m are arranged below the No. 4 main tower, and the length of the piles is 27-30m.

The side slopes on two sides of the square pile are released according to the proportion of 1.25, the side slope on the rear edge is released according to the proportion of 1.5, the top of the first slope is 12.1m, and the slope rate of the side slope at the end part is gradually changed according to the proportion of 1.25-1.5. The side slope is protected by planting grass by using a frame anchor rod. And a water intercepting ditch is arranged outside the slope line. The slope body sets up 2 rows of formula wash ports of facing upward to one side, and horizontal interval 5m, vertical interval 4m, the interim escape canal in cushion cap bottom changes the drainage blind ditch into in the later stage, and 4# king tower pile foundation and fender pile elevation are shown in figure 9.

The underground engineering of the project is already constructed at present, the obtained effect is good, and the specific success reason analysis is as follows:

(1) And (3) investigation aspect: the method is used for carrying out all-around exploration on the aspects of landform, lithology of stratum, hydrogeology, regional earthquake motion parameters and the like, and strictly executing various laws, regulations and mandatory standards of engineering construction. A set of complete and detailed survey quality report with higher quality is compiled, and basic guarantee is provided for subsequent construction.

(2) Construction design aspect: the underground engineering construction is scientifically designed according to geological exploration data and the requirements of construction units on engineering function use strictly in the engineering design process, and national relevant laws and regulations and mandatory standards of engineering construction are strictly executed. The specific sequence of construction is as follows: firstly, constructing a peripheral intercepting ditch of an excavation surface at the upper part of a No. 4 main pier, and laying surface detection points; supporting row piles at the lower edge and the upper edge of the No. 4 pier are further constructed; further excavating earthwork of the bearing platform, and draining water around the bearing platform; further constructing a main pier pile foundation; and after the construction of the bearing platform is further completed, backfilling a gap behind the platform. The designed construction sequence is scientific and reasonable, a complete progress plan is compiled and strictly followed, the construction period is effectively saved, and the smooth construction is ensured.

(3) The construction process is as follows: the material purchasing strictly compiles a main material consumption total plan required by a manual hole digging pile project according to a construction drawing, a construction organization design and a special construction scheme, lists the name, specification, quality and quantity of required materials and other requirements specified by contract documents and supply protocols, strictly executes ordering, processing contracts and technical standards to check and accept the materials, and ensures the quality of the materials, thereby ensuring the quality of engineering; classifying, regularly maintaining and checking equipment used in the construction process according to construction specifications and standards; aiming at the construction of a pile foundation, a scientific and rigorous construction process is provided, the construction is carried out in the construction process according to design drawings and calculation requirements strictly, and a monitoring method combining instrument monitoring and inspection is adopted for on-site monitoring, so that the construction problem can be found and remedied in time, and the construction quality is ensured; the method comprises blasting construction, reinforcement cage manufacturing and installation, concrete construction and the like which are all strictly according to construction specifications and design requirements. And provides substantial guarantee for the success of the engineering.

(4) Monitoring engineering aspects: the construction process monitoring system has a perfect monitoring system, can adjust the construction process in time according to the monitoring effect, reduces construction errors, and ensures the smooth proceeding of the construction process, wherein for the monitoring of the deformation of the earth surface, a total station is adopted for carrying out the monitoring of the horizontal displacement, and a level is used for carrying out the monitoring of the vertical deformation. And observing the development condition of the ground surface crack by adopting a stake, a ruler or a crack meter. And monitoring underground displacement, monitoring the displacement of a deep rock soil body by adopting an inclinometer, monitoring the deformation development trend of the side slope, determining the potential depth of the sliding surface, and judging the main sliding direction.

In order to highlight the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention, the following specific explanation is made on the system scheme and specific disadvantages of the slope monitoring engineering of the 4# main pier accumulation body of the Nanmenxi grand bridge:

the monitoring of the accumulation body of the No. 4 main pier of the Nanmenxi grand bridge comprises the monitoring of the construction period, the monitoring of the prevention and control effect and the monitoring of the operation period. The monitoring of the construction period mainly adopts the earth surface displacement monitoring, adopts the deep hole displacement monitoring if necessary, corrects the design by slope deformation data, guides the construction, ensures the construction safety and tests the engineering effect. The monitoring of the operation period comprises surface displacement monitoring, slope body and pile body deep layer horizontal displacement monitoring, underground water level monitoring and the like. The prevention and treatment effect monitoring is carried out in combination with the monitoring of the construction period and the operation period. The cross section of the side slope of the Nanmenxi grand bridge No. 4 main pier accumulation body is shown in a figure 10.

For monitoring the side slope of the Nanmonxi grand bridge, the traditional total station is adopted to monitor the horizontal displacement of the ground surface deformation, and the level gauge is used to monitor the vertical deformation. And observing the development condition of the ground surface crack by adopting a stake, a ruler or a crack meter. And monitoring underground displacement, monitoring the displacement of a deep rock soil body by adopting an inclinometer, monitoring the deformation development trend of the side slope, determining the potential depth of the sliding surface, and judging the main sliding direction. The observation standard arrangement quantity table is shown in the following table 1, the monitoring graph is shown in a figure 11, and in the figure 11, GC-1, GC-2, GC-3, GC-4, GC-5, GC-6, GC-7, GC-8, GC-9, GC-10, GC-11, GC-12, GC-13, GC-14, GC-15 and GC-16 are embedded positions of 16 displacement piles; SP1, SP2, SP3, SP4, SP5, SP6, SP7, SP8, SP9 are 9 inclinometer pipe installation positions.

Table 1 observing standard arrangement quantity table

The concrete construction steps of the monitoring project are as follows:

(1) And (3) burying the measuring pile:

c15 reinforced concrete precast piles are adopted for the natural ground displacement observation piles outside the cut tops; the observation piles at the middle part of the side slope, the platform and the slope toe can be embedded with precast reinforced concrete piles or steel chisel observation piles. The observation pile is made by deeply burying concrete pile in the soil slope section, the observation point is buried in the top surface of the stone slope by making 20cm square standard stone (buried observation point) on the stable rock surface and arranging reinforcing facilities such as retaining wall. The observation point is made of steel bar not less than phi 16, the top end is ground into a hemisphere, and the middle is carved with a cross.

C15 reinforced concrete precast piles are buried on natural side slopes outside the cut tops, the cross section of each pile is 15cmX15cm square, the length of each pile is not less than 1.5m, and semicircular stainless steel wear-resistant measuring heads are pre-buried in the pile tops. Ensuring the stability of the embedded observation pile. And steel chisel observation piles are arranged at the side slope platform and the slope toe, and the embedding depth is not less than 30cm. The top of the steel chisel should be engraved with a cross-shaped fork and coated with rust-proof red paint.

The monitoring instrument is preferably a high-precision total station with the precision less than or equal to 1' and is 1 traditional total station and is calibrated to be qualified. The measurement is observed by an angle intersection method.

(2) For inclinometer installation:

(1) the positioning is accurate. The inclination measuring conduit is embedded at the position of the slope toe of the platform.

(2) Drilling holes at the selected positions, wherein the aperture is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the inclinometer guide pipe by 40mm, and the vertical deviation of the drilled holes is not more than 1 degree; the hole depth reaches the design requirement.

(3) When the pipeline is lengthened, the guide grooves are strictly aligned and cannot be deflected.

(4) The bottom of the inclinometer conduit is provided with a bottom cover, and the bottom cover and the joint of each inclinometer conduit are sealed to prevent slurry and impurities from entering the conduit.

(5) The embedding process is as follows: the inclination measuring guide pipe with the bottom cover is placed into the drill hole, the inclination measuring guide pipes are connected through pipe joints, the length of the reserved section is reserved, then the inclination measuring guide pipes are riveted one by one, the inclination measuring guide pipes are placed into the drill hole while being sealed, and attention is paid to enabling a pair of guide grooves in the inclination measuring guide pipes to be close to the main direction of expected displacement.

(6) The gap between the inclination measuring conduit and the hole wall can be backfilled by medium coarse sand.

(7) After the embedding is finished, the relevant data of the inclinometer catheter should be recorded into an embedding examination card recording table in time. The main contents of the examination card table comprise: engineering name, instrument model, manufacturer, inclination survey hole number, hole depth, hole opening elevation, hole bottom elevation, embedding position, embedding mode, guide groove direction, inclination survey pipe specification, embedding schematic diagram, main embedding personnel, embedding date and the like.

(8) After the inclinometer catheter is buried, an initial value can be established after a period of time for stabilization.

The monitoring period is not less than two years after the slope body is excavated to be built and operated, or the deformation condition of the slope body is prolonged, and the monitoring time of the prevention and treatment effect is not less than one year after the finishing of the improvement project and the road operation.

The frequency of monitoring was as follows:

a. monitoring the surface displacement for 2-3 times per week, deforming for 1 time per day, and deforming for several times per day when the deformation is severe;

b. underground displacement is monitored for 1-2 times per month, deformation is carried out for 1-2 times per week, and deformation is carried out for 1 time per day severely.

The monitoring result graph of a part of observation piles is shown in figure 12, and the monitoring result graph of the inclinometer (measuring point 1 and measuring point 2) is shown in figures 13 and 14.

The disadvantages of the Nanmenxi grand bridge monitoring project can be analyzed from the above:

(1) The traditional total station is adopted for horizontal displacement monitoring, the level is used for vertical deformation monitoring, the monitoring method is greatly influenced by severe weather and environment, and point selection and distribution are difficult due to the limitation of the visibility condition;

(2) The installation and embedding construction steps of the inclinometer pipe and the measuring pile are complicated, the engineering quantity is large, the technical content is high, and the construction period is seriously influenced;

(3) The required quantity of the inclinometer pipe and the observation pile is large and the inclinometer pipe and the observation pile cannot be reused, so that the cost is high and the method is not economical;

(4) The monitoring method is independent, the data acquisition, processing and analysis processes are complicated, manual operation is mostly adopted, and therefore the workload is large and timeliness and accuracy are not achieved;

(5) In the whole monitoring process, more manpower is needed, related technicians are needed, the manual monitoring frequency is higher, time and labor are consumed, the cost is increased, and the safety of the monitoring process is not facilitated;

therefore, based on the disadvantages of the monitoring engineering of the above south mengxi grand bridge, the method for slope phased combined monitoring based on wireless transmission can be introduced to carry out all-weather slope monitoring, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:

as shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment firstly sets up a complete and improved data transceiver system based on wireless transmission, which is shared by the measuring robot monitoring method and the improved TDR monitoring method.

The improved measuring robot monitoring method in the embodiment is a method for realizing the comprehensive monitoring of the displacement of the side slope by setting a simple device to adjust the visibility condition of a full-automatic total station to search for a target prism on a side slope surface similar to a rectangular monitoring network, automatically collecting and recording monitoring data by a data storage system, and further connecting a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission to receive and transmit the monitoring data; the improved TDR monitoring method is a remote electronic measurement method, a TDR coaxial cable is buried at a position 1m-2m away from a protective pile and is synchronously constructed with the protective pile, the TDR coaxial cable is used as a sensor, a coaxial cable tester sends electric pulses and reads and records relative impedance change data of the length of the whole coaxial cable, then a multiplexer is arranged to monitor multiple points simultaneously, and a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is connected to receive and transmit the monitoring data, so that the method for comprehensively monitoring the displacement of the side slope is realized;

the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission in the embodiment comprises a data acquisition module, a wireless transmission module, a data processing and analyzing module and a terminal module; the data acquisition module in the embodiment comprises an improved measuring robot data acquisition submodule and a TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule; the improved measuring robot data acquisition submodule and the improved TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule in the embodiment are characterized in that the improved measuring robot data acquisition submodule is independently in wired connection with an improved measuring robot self-contained data storage system, and the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule is independently in wired connection with a coaxial cable detector; in this embodiment, the wireless transmission module is connected with the data acquisition module and the data processing and analyzing module in a bidirectional manner, and is used for wireless remote transceiving of data; in the embodiment, the data processing and analyzing module is in bidirectional connection with the wireless transmission module and the terminal module to receive, process and analyze the data and the related images transmitted by the data acquisition module through the wireless transmission module, and transmit the processed and analyzed data and related images to the terminal module; in the embodiment, the data processing and analyzing module for processing and analyzing the data and the related images refers to classifying, comparing and analyzing the three-dimensional coordinate data and the related images for judging the earth surface displacement and deformation and the deformation data and the related images of the TDR coaxial cable for judging the underground displacement and deformation, and then accurately outputting a data report and corresponding displacement and deformation maps in a short time; in the embodiment, the surface displacement mainly comprises horizontal displacement, vertical displacement and cracks, and the underground displacement and deformation mainly comprise the depth of a sliding surface and the direction of main sliding; in this embodiment, the terminal module is connected to the data processing and analyzing module to receive various processed and analyzed data and graphs transmitted from the data processing and analyzing module, and present specific slope displacement, deformation diagram and various visual data reports to the observer;

in this embodiment, the data acquisition module, the wireless transmission module, the data processing and analyzing module, and the terminal module of the measurement data transceiving system based on wireless transmission are all built-in replaceable rechargeable batteries, and do not need power supply equipment, the terminal module can be a computer terminal and a mobile phone terminal, and the wireless transmission module can be a 5G wireless module, a 4G wireless module, or a Wi-Fi wireless module.

The method is characterized in that an improved measuring robot monitoring method is adopted for monitoring when the reinforcing engineering fender pile is not constructed in the earlier stage, the measuring robot data storage system is only in wired connection with a measuring robot data acquisition submodule, the TDR data acquisition submodule is in an inoperative state, when the fender pile begins to be constructed, the TDR monitoring method is involved, the TDR data acquisition submodule is connected with a coaxial cable detector to start working, and then subsequent data acquisition, processing analysis and transmission are completed. The method aims to solve the disadvantages of the traditional combined monitoring method, such as the disadvantage (4) of the monitoring process of the Nanmenxi grand bridge, so that the data acquisition and analysis processing have continuity and real-time accuracy, the disadvantage of the result of manually analyzing and processing the data is solved, and the data obtained by the two monitoring methods are simultaneously reflected to monitoring personnel in the form of an intuitive result obtained after the data are analyzed and processed;

in the embodiment, different monitoring measures are adopted according to the construction characteristics of different stages of the side slope, an improved measuring robot monitoring method is used as a main monitoring means from the beginning of construction to the beginning of the construction of the protective pile, and the arrangement steps are as follows:

as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, a relatively flat section at the top and bottom of a slope is first required to be installed and fixed with a movable lifting platform device comprising a semicircular track and a manual lifting platform, wherein the semicircular track comprises an inner semicircular track and an outer semicircular track, and bolts and caps are arranged on the center lines of the inner and outer semicircular tracks at equal intervals to realize the movement and fixation of the lifting platform; the two sides of the bottom of the manual lifting platform are provided with symmetrical rolling shafts, the middle of the manual lifting platform is provided with bolt holes, the manual lifting platform is arranged above the semicircular track, and the table top is provided with full-automatic total station fixing bolts to realize the movement of the lifting platform and the fixing of the measuring robot;

further, a TM30 measuring robot with high precision, firmness and durability is respectively arranged on the top of the slope and the bottom of the slope and is used as two reference points on the movable lifting table;

as shown in fig. 4, further, the position of the measuring robot is adjusted to search each measuring point and the TM30 measuring robot is fixed, named J01, J02;

the system is characterized in that a measuring robot is arranged on a movable lifting table, can move 180 degrees and adjust the sight conditions, and aims to solve the problems that the traditional total station is limited by the sight conditions and is difficult to select points and arrange points when the ground surface displacement monitoring is carried out, such as horizontal displacement monitoring and vertical deformation monitoring of a level gauge, and the like, such as the disadvantage (1) of the monitoring process of the Nanmenxi grand bridge;

as shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, it is then necessary to approximately measure the lateral widths of the top and bottom of the slope, which are used as the base edges of the upper and lower equilateral triangles, and are marked as the upper edge 1 and the lower edge 1; further dividing the two bottom edges into n sections at equal intervals of 1m-1.5m to form n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes; further taking n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes as prism placement points and marking; further triangle with upper and lower equal sidesDetermining the positions of the other four edges by taking the two bottom edges as the reference, marking the positions as an upper edge 2, a lower edge 2, an upper edge 3 and a lower edge 3, and dividing and marking the positions in the same method as the two bottom edges; further fixing the prism bases with threaded holes at the positions of the marking points in sequence; further, the common circular prisms with screws are sequentially arranged on the base; the monitoring device is characterized in that two large equilateral triangle monitoring nets are further formed by an upper edge 1, a lower edge 2 and an edge 3, and the two large equilateral triangle monitoring nets are combined to be approximately rectangular as a whole and serve as two standard surfaces; further according to the characteristics of the side slope, equal distance arrangement of prisms on connecting lines of equal division points, bisection points and trisection points of the upper standard surface side 2 and the lower standard surface side 3 and the side 3 is carried out on the parts of the side slope which are easy to be unstable, so that small equilateral triangle subnets in the upper standard surface and the lower standard surface are formed; further taking any point of two vertexes of the upper edge 1 and the lower edge 1 as a starting point of the circular observation of the measuring robot; further named as G01, G02, G03 ...: ' 8230 '; ' Gn ² -n; further forming a connecting line of equal division points, bisection points, trisection points, 8230303080, 82301 and n-1 equal division points of the slope top and slope bottom measuring robot around the edge 1, the edge 2 and the edge 3 of the standard surface to form an integral omnibearing similar rectangular monitoring net of the S-shaped route searching prism;

the method is characterized in that the installation of the prism effectively replaces the construction arrangement of observation piles in the traditional monitoring method, and the prism can be repeatedly used to form a coherent observation network, so that a measuring robot can continuously search the prism of each monitoring point to complete monitoring, wherein small regular triangular sub-networks in a standard surface can be arranged or not arranged, are selected according to the specific characteristics of the side slope, and are distributed in a volatile and stable position; the monitoring network with a wider coverage area is formed on the basis of reducing the consumption of the prism and saving the cost, so that the continuity of the measuring robot searching prism is ensured, the subsequent data processing is simple, the construction period is shortened, and the safety of the construction process and the monitoring process is ensured;

further, determining a reference point and a coordinate of the TM30 measuring robot by using a high-precision space positioning technology of the TM30 measuring robot, controlling the TM30 measuring robot to carry out 5-10 times of automatic itinerant observation on each monitoring point by manually setting parameters, and then connecting a measuring robot data acquisition sub-module to start carrying out 5-10 times of automatic itinerant monitoring;

further, receiving, transmitting, processing and analyzing the monitoring data;

the steps and principles of the monitoring data receiving, processing and analyzing in this embodiment are as follows:

the measuring robot data acquisition submodule acquires and stores three-dimensional coordinate data and related images which are obtained by the measuring robot through 5-10 times of automatic circuit observation on monitoring points and used for judging surface displacement and deformation, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate data are recorded as M1, M2 and M3, 8230Mn;

furthermore, the measuring robot data acquisition submodule transmits the acquired and stored three-dimensional coordinate data and the related image to the data processing and analyzing module through the wireless transmission module;

further, the data processing and analyzing module analyzes and processes the received three-dimensional coordinate data and the received related images, and mainly comprises the three-dimensional coordinate data and the related images for judging earth surface displacement and deformation, obtains a deformation amount of which two-by-two difference values are used as observation points, and is marked as delta 1= M2-M1, delta 2= M3-M2, \\8230, delta n = Mn-Mn-1, classifies displacement and deformation graphs, and then accurately outputs the data report and the displacement and deformation graphs in a short time;

furthermore, the terminal module receives various processed and analyzed data reports and displacement and deformation maps transmitted by the data processing and analyzing module, and then displays various visual data reports and displacement and deformation maps of earth surface displacement and deformation development conditions, mainly including horizontal displacement, vertical displacement and cracks, to observers.

The method is characterized in that data processing and analysis are carried out according to a data processing and analyzing module, deformation is obtained by simply making a difference of three-dimensional coordinates between two points, and related displacement and deformation graphs can be obtained at the same time. The method aims to solve the problem that the workload of manual analysis and data processing is large when the traditional total station monitors horizontal displacement, the level monitors vertical deformation and the like when monitoring ground surface displacement, such as the disadvantage (4) of the monitoring process of the Nanmenxi grand bridge;

in this embodiment, when treating fender pile construction, intervene modified TDR monitoring devices, the concrete step is as follows:

in the embodiment, firstly, holes are drilled at positions 1-2m away from the fender pile in synchronization during the construction and drilling of the side slope fender pile, and the TDR coaxial cable is placed in the drilled holes;

further, connecting the TDR coaxial cable with a cable tester;

further, connecting the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition sub-module to a cable tester;

further, a multiplexer is provided to simultaneously monitor the multiple points;

further, connecting a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission, and starting monitoring;

the concrete expression is that the installation process of the traditional underground monitoring inclinometer pipe is replaced by embedding the TDR coaxial cable through simple steps. The problems that a traditional buried inclinometer is used for monitoring underground displacement are solved, disadvantages (2) and (3) in the monitoring process of the Nanmenxi grand bridge effectively shorten the construction period and reduce the cost, a certain monitoring effect is achieved on the construction of a protection pile, the data acquisition is real-time, and the judgment on the reinforcement engineering effect is quicker;

in this embodiment, the analysis and processing principle and steps of the monitoring data of the TDR monitoring apparatus are as follows:

firstly, when the slope instability is distorted, bent, disconnected and the like, the characteristic impedance can be changed, the electric pulse signal can be reflected and a reflection signal is generated, after the TDR tester receives the reflection signal, the data of the delay, the wavelength, the range and the intensity of the transmission signal and the reflection signal and related images are transferred to the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule, and then the data are transmitted to the data processing and analyzing module through the wireless transmission module;

further, the data processing and analyzing module processes and analyzes the data and the related images to obtain clear and visual displacement and deformation graphs and data reports, and further transmits the processed and analyzed displacement and deformation graphs and data reports to the terminal module;

furthermore, the terminal module analyzes the displacement, the deformation diagram and the data report transmitted by the data processing and analyzing module to judge the position and the deformation type of the deformation of the coaxial cable, so as to judge whether the slope soil body in the whole area is deformed, confirm and determine the structural characteristics of the displacement, determine the depth of a potential sliding surface, judge the depth of a main sliding surface, judge the direction of the main sliding surface and judge the effect of the slope reinforcement project. As shown in fig. 5;

as shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, in combination with the improved TDR monitoring device, which is less affected by the environment and climate, has low cost, can periodically observe the displacement of the underground rock relative to the stable formation for a long time, and can determine the slope reinforcement effect, the improved TDR monitoring device is complementary to a measuring robot for monitoring the displacement and deformation development conditions of the earth surface, mainly including horizontal displacement, vertical displacement monitoring and crack monitoring, and performs real-time observation for 24 hours, so as to ensure the timeliness of monitoring and the safety of reinforcement effect;

the improved measuring robot and the TDR monitoring device carry out all-weather combined monitoring from the beginning, and the improved measuring robot and the TDR monitoring device share a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission to carry out real-time receiving, transmitting, analyzing, processing and feedback of surface and underground monitoring data. The method aims to solve the problem of influence of severe weather and environment on monitoring engineering, realize synchronous receiving and transmitting of surface displacement monitoring data and underground displacement monitoring data and improve the automation degree.

Claims

1. A slope staged combined monitoring method based on wireless transmission is characterized in that:

1) Firstly, a set of complete and improved data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission shared by a measuring robot monitoring method and an improved TDR monitoring method is arranged;

the improved TDR monitoring method is a remote electronic measurement method, a TDR coaxial cable is buried at a position 1m-2m away from a protective pile and is synchronously constructed with the protective pile, the TDR coaxial cable is used as a sensor, a coaxial cable tester sends electric pulses and reads and records relative impedance change data of the length of the whole coaxial cable, then a multiplexer is arranged to monitor multiple points simultaneously, and a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is connected to receive and transmit the monitoring data, so that the comprehensive monitoring method of the slope displacement is realized;

the data acquisition module comprises a measuring robot data acquisition submodule and a TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule;

the measuring robot data acquisition submodule and the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule are respectively in independent wired connection with an improved measuring robot data storage system and in independent wired connection with a coaxial cable detector, and when the improved measuring robot monitoring method and the improved TDR monitoring method start to work, data acquisition is automatically carried out and the data acquisition module is used for integrally storing the data;

the wireless transmission module is in bidirectional connection with the data acquisition module and the data processing and analyzing module and is used for wireless, real-time, remote and accurate data receiving and transmitting;

the data processing and analyzing module is used for processing and analyzing data and related images, namely classifying, comparing and analyzing three-dimensional coordinate data and related images for judging surface displacement and deformation data and related images of TDR coaxial cables for judging underground displacement and deformation, and then accurately outputting data reports and corresponding displacement and deformation graphs in a short time;

2) Further performing stage planning and related layout for performing slope staged combined monitoring by using an improved measuring robot monitoring method and an improved TDR monitoring method according to the characteristics of each construction stage of the slope, and performing related layout for the improved measuring robot monitoring method by using the improved measuring robot monitoring method as a main monitoring means when construction is started to the construction start of the fender pile; an improved TDR monitoring method is involved when the construction of the protective pile begins, and the improved TDR monitoring method is further subjected to related layout; further performing combined monitoring of an improved measuring robot monitoring method and an improved TDR monitoring method;

the related arrangement of the improved measuring robot monitoring method refers to that a movable lifting platform device is installed and fixed in a relatively flat section at the top and the bottom of a slope; further installing a measuring robot thereon; further laying measuring points to form an omnibearing observation network; further adjusting the position of the measuring robot to enable the measuring robot to search each measuring point and fix the measuring robot; the wireless transmission-based data receiving and transmitting system is further connected;

the improved TDR monitoring method and related layout mean that holes are synchronously drilled at the position 1m-2m beside a fender pile when the fender pile is to be drilled for construction; further installing a TDR coaxial cable; further pouring cement mortar, and tightly combining surrounding rock and soil and the TDR coaxial cable; the coaxial cable detector is further connected; further connecting a data transceiving system based on wireless transmission.

2. The wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition module, the wireless transmission module, the data processing and analyzing module and the terminal module of the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission are all provided with built-in replaceable rechargeable batteries without power supply equipment, and the terminal module can be a computer terminal and a mobile phone terminal.

3. The wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: the wireless transmission module of the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission can be a 5G wireless module, a 4G wireless module or a Wi-Fi wireless module.

4. The wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring method of claim 1, wherein: the movable lifting platform device consists of a semicircular track and a lifting platform; the semicircular track consists of an inner half track and an outer half track, and bolt caps are arranged on the middle lines of the inner half track and the outer half track at equal intervals to realize the movement and the fixation of the lifting platform; the lifting platform is a manual lifting platform, two sides of the bottom of the lifting platform are provided with symmetrical rolling shafts, bolt holes are formed in the middle of the bottom of the lifting platform, the lifting platform is installed on the semicircular track, and the table top is provided with a measuring robot fixing bolt to fix the measuring robot.

5. The method for wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the improved monitoring method of the measuring robot realizes the omnidirectional monitoring of the displacement of the side slope, and the adopted measuring robot is a TM30 measuring robot with high precision, firmness and durability, and two reference points, namely J01 and J02, are respectively arranged on the top and the bottom of the slope and are respectively arranged on a movable lifting platform; further, common circular prisms are symmetrically distributed in a regular triangle form from top to bottom and from bottom to top to serve as observation points, and the whole monitoring network is similar to a rectangular omnibearing monitoring network; further determining the reference point and the coordinate of the robot by using a high-precision space positioning technology of the TM30 measuring robot; further, the measuring robot data storage system is independently connected with the measuring robot data acquisition submodule in a wired mode; further controlling a TM30 measuring robot to carry out automatic cyclic observation for 5-10 times on each monitoring point by manually setting parameters to obtain three-dimensional observation data and corresponding images; further transferring the data and the corresponding images to a measuring robot data acquisition submodule which is connected independently; further completing the subsequent data receiving, sending and monitoring.

6. The method for wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the improved TDR monitoring method realizes the comprehensive monitoring of the side slope displacement, namely, firstly, synchronously drilling holes at a position 1m-2m away from a protective pile when the protective pile to be used for side slope construction drilling is required, and placing a TDR coaxial cable in the drilled holes; further connecting the TDR coaxial cable with a coaxial cable tester, wherein the coaxial cable tester is used as a signal source, and sends out step-by-step voltage pulses to be transmitted through the coaxial cable and reflect pulse signals reflected from the coaxial cable; the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule is further connected onto a coaxial cable tester, the coaxial cable tester is controlled, and pulse signals reflected from the coaxial cable are recorded and stored; a multiplexer is further provided to monitor multiple points simultaneously; further completing the subsequent data receiving, sending and monitoring.

7. The wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring method of claim 5, characterized in that: the whole body is similar to a rectangular monitoring net, the transverse widths of the top and the bottom of the slope are respectively and roughly measured, and the transverse widths are used as the bottom edges of an upper equilateral triangle and a lower equilateral triangle and are marked as an upper edge 1 and a lower edge 1; further dividing the two bottom edges into n sections at equal intervals according to 1m-1.5m to form n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes; further taking n-1 equally divided points and two vertexes as prism placement points and marking; further determining the positions of the other four edges by taking the two bottom edges of the triangle with the upper edge and the lower edge as the reference, marking as the upper edge 2, the lower edge 2, the upper edge 3 and the lower edge 3, and dividing and marking by the same method as the two bottom edges; further fixing the prism bases with the threaded holes at the position of the marking point in sequence; further, the common circular prisms with screws are sequentially arranged on the base; the monitoring net is characterized in that two large equilateral triangle monitoring nets are further formed by an upper side 1, a lower side 2 and a side 3, the two monitoring nets are combined to be approximately rectangular as a whole and serve as two standard surfaces; further according to the characteristics of the side slope, the upper and lower standard surface edges 2 and 3 are arranged at the parts of the side slope which are easy to lose stabilityEqual distance arrangement of prisms on connecting lines of equal division points, bisector points and trisection points 8230A and a n-1 equal division points form small equilateral triangle subnets in the upper and lower standard surfaces; further taking any point of two vertexes of the upper edge 1 and the lower edge 1 as a starting point of the circular observation of the measuring robot; further named as G01, G02, G03 ...: ' 8230 '; ' Gn ² -n; and further forming a connecting line of the slope top and slope bottom measuring robot around the edge 1, the edge 2 and the edge 3 of the standard surface, namely a bisector point, a trisection point, 8230a trisection point and an n-1 trisection point, and forming an S-shaped route to search the whole omnibearing similar rectangular monitoring net of the prism.

8. The method for wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the measuring robot carries out automatic circuit observation on each monitoring point for 5-10 times to acquire three-dimensional observation data and corresponding images, namely three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images of each fixed monitoring point when the measuring robot carries out automatic circuit observation for 5-10 times; the step of completing subsequent data receiving, transmitting and monitoring refers to the step of collecting and storing the three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images by a data collection submodule of the measuring robot, wherein the three-dimensional coordinates are marked as M1, M2 and M3, 8230Mn; the collected and stored three-dimensional coordinates and corresponding displacement and deformation images are further transmitted to a data processing and analyzing module through a wireless transmission module, pairwise difference values are obtained after processing and analysis of the data processing and analyzing module and serve as deformation quantities of observation points, the deformation quantities are recorded as delta 1= M2-M1, delta 2= M3-M2, 8230that delta n = Mn-Mn-1, and body displacement and deformation images are classified; and further transmitting the processed and analyzed visual data report and the specific displacement and deformation map to a terminal module for monitoring the earth surface displacement and deformation development conditions, wherein the monitoring mainly comprises horizontal displacement, vertical displacement monitoring and crack monitoring.

9. The wireless transmission based slope phased combination monitoring method of claim 6, wherein: the recording and storing of the pulse signals reflected from the cable further completes the subsequent data transceiving and monitoring, which means that when the coaxial cable is distorted, bent, disconnected and the like due to slope instability, the characteristic impedance changes, the electric pulse signals are reflected and generate a reflection signal, and after the coaxial cable tester receives the reflection signal, the data of the delay, wavelength, range and intensity of the transmission signal and the reflection signal and related images are transferred to the TDR coaxial cable data acquisition submodule; further transmitting the data and the related images to a data processing and analyzing module through a wireless transmission module; the data processing and analyzing module further analyzes, compares and classifies the data and the related images; clear displacement and deformation graphs and data reports are further obtained; further transmitting the displacement and deformation graph and the data report to the terminal module; and further judging the position and the deformation type of the coaxial cable, so as to judge whether the slope soil body in the whole area is deformed, mainly monitoring underground displacement, confirming and determining the structural characteristics of the displacement, determining the depth of a potential sliding surface, judging the depth of a main sliding surface, judging the direction of main sliding and judging the slope reinforcement engineering effect.

10. A method for wireless transmission based staged combination slop monitoring as claimed in claims 1-9, wherein: the improved measuring robot monitoring method is mainly applied to monitoring when the reinforcing engineering fender pile is not constructed in the early stage, the measuring robot is independently connected with a data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission through a measuring robot data acquisition submodule, the TDR data acquisition submodule does not work, the improved TDR monitoring method is involved when the slope fender pile starts to be constructed, the data receiving and transmitting system based on wireless transmission is connected through the TDR data acquisition submodule, and then combined monitoring is carried out.