CN115974599B - Method for improving oxygen content of soil and special fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for improving oxygen content of soil and special fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the oxygen content of soil and a special fertilizer. The new strain Bacillus tequilensis XD Y of the Bacillus tequilensis with the deposit number of GDMCC No. 62521 can improve the oxygen content of soil, and can be further matched with a special fertilizer matched with the Bacillus tequilensis XD63Y to further improve the oxygen content of soil, thereby achieving the purposes of promoting the root health of crops and improving the yield of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method, in particular to a method for improving the oxygen content of soil. Meanwhile, the invention also relates to a matched special fertilizer.
Background
The plant root has the functions of fixation, support, absorption, transmission, storage and the like, and is important for the life of the plant and root nourishing.
However, we now find that many root systems grow to the soil surface for what is?
Besides the root system is grown to the ground, water and fertilizer, the root system also grows to the places rich in oxygen: when the oxygen content in the soil is more than 15%, the roots are light in length and color, the capillary roots are rich, and the absorption capacity is strong. When the oxygen content in the soil is less than 10%, the root system is blocked from growing, and the root is dark in short color; when the oxygen content of the soil is less than 5%, the root system stops growing and is easy to decay.
In healthy soil, the oxygen content is 10.35-20.03%, and when the soil is irrigated, the gas in the soil enters the atmosphere; when the water is discharged, the air in the atmosphere enters the soil. However, in the process of the exchange, too much water can exchange or squeeze out more soil air (oxygen), the oxygen-enriched soil can promote root system respiration and microorganism metabolism, and in the growing season of the active microorganisms, the oxygen content must be increased through various ways, so that the oxygen can fully decompose organic matters and replace harmful gases generated in the decomposition process. However, conversely, if the organic matter is decomposed in an anoxic environment, gases such as methane (CH), hydrogen Sulfide (HS) and acetylene (CH) are generated, so that the soil root system is prevented from breathing as if it were pinched by the nose, and growth is hindered. For many years, the micro environment of the soil is destroyed and the deep soil is anoxic due to the large application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which is the main reason for causing the root system to grow upwards.
Respiration of soil also refers to the aeration of soil. The exchange of air between the soil air and the atmosphere, and the ability of the interior of the soil mass to allow the diffusion and circulation of air, are known as soil ventilation. Soil aeration is closely related to soil pore, texture structure, soil moisture content, etc.
The soil pore condition is a main factor of whether the air exchange of the soil with the atmosphere is smooth. Soil pores are divided into capillary pores and non-capillary pores. Air held in the capillary pores is difficult to exchange with the atmosphere, and soil ventilation is mainly dependent on the number of non-capillary pores in the soil. If the non-capillary pore volume in the soil exceeds 10%, and the distribution is even, even if the capillary is full of water, the soil ventilation is still good. Soil texture and structure are related to the condition of pores in the soil and thus also affect the soil's air permeability. The soil with the granular structure has good air permeability, and only sand in the soil without the structure has good air permeability. The air permeability of clay soil is poor.
In recent years, along with the mass use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and climate change, the problem of acid rain is serious in many areas at present, for example, in Guangdong river areas, as long as 5-10 days are enough for no rain, the next rain is necessarily acid rain, the longer the period of no rain is, the higher the acidity is, the serious damage to the health of soil is caused, the soil aggregate structure and the micro-ecological environment are seriously damaged, the soil is hardened, the oxygen deficiency of the soil is caused, particularly the content of dissolved oxygen in the underground water in deep soil is low, aerobic microorganisms cannot grow, organic matters cannot be decomposed and eliminated, non-capillary pores in the soil are blocked, the diffusion and circulation of gas in the soil are blocked, and the oxygen deficiency of the deep soil is caused, which is the main reason that the root system of many crops stretches to the surface at present, the health of the root system is seriously influenced, and the health of the crops is seriously influenced. It can be seen that improving the oxygen content of the soil is of great importance for promoting the growth of crops.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the oxygen content of soil, in particular to a method for improving the oxygen content of deep soil by improving the microbial population structure of the soil and improving the permeability of the soil.
Specifically, in the method for increasing the oxygen content of the soil, bacillus tertiaryalis XD63Y is added into the soil.
The bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y can be added in the form of bacterial powder or a biological preparation of the bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y.
The preparation method of the bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y biological agent comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus tequilensis XD63Y into culture medium, and maintaining constant temperatureAnd (3) carrying out water bath shaking table, and shaking the bottle at a slow speed of 10-30 rpm at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for 24-96 hours to obtain the target oxygenation biological agent for the aquaculture water body. Wherein the medium comprises: 500ml of distilled water, 5-40% of glucose, 0.3-3% of yeast extract, 0.5-5% of N and P 2 O 5 0.3-3％，K 2 0.1-2% of O, 0.05-1% of trace elements and pH of 5.5-8.5.
When the Bacillus tertefraxinus XD63Y biological agent is adopted, 1-5 liters of the Bacillus terfraxinus XD63Y biological agent is added every 666 square meters, so that the purpose of increasing the oxygen content of soil can be achieved.
A novel strain of Bacillus tequilensis (Bacillus tequilensis) XD63Y, deposited under the accession number GDMCC No. 62521, which has a structure for improving soil microbial population. In the test process of the inventor, the bacteria are added into the soil, so that a diffusion and circulation channel of gas in the soil can be opened, and the oxygen content of the soil is improved by 1-5% below 30 cm.
The bacillus tertiaryii (Bacillus tequilensis) XD63Y provided by the invention is sent to the Guangdong province microorganism collection center for 2022, 6 and 7 days for sequencing, identifying and preserving strain DNA, and the preservation registration number GDMCC No. 62521 is received, and the preservation address is: guangzhou city first middle road No. 100 college No. 59 building 5.
In order to further improve the oxygen content of soil, the special fertilizer matched with the bacillus tefraxinensis XD63Y is added while the bacillus tefraxinensis XD63Y is added into the soil, so that the propagation of the bacillus tefraxinensis XD63Y is promoted, and the oxygen content of the soil is further improved.
The special fertilizer is an organic water-soluble fertilizer and comprises the following components: the organic matter is more than or equal to 200g/L (wherein the small molecular carbon is more than or equal to 120 g/L), and N+P 2 O 5 +K 2 O is more than or equal to 120g/L, density is more than or equal to 1.2g/ml, and the appearance is brown viscous liquid, slightly bloated and has sour flavor. The preparation method of the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking 30-50% of molasses liquid, 3-10% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 3-10% of urea, 0.5-2% of boric acid and 0.5-2% of zinc nitrate according to the mass ratio, fully mixing and stirring uniformly with purified water to 100%, sub-packaging and sealing.
The special fertilizer is used in an amount of 1-5 liters per 666 square meters of soil.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a special fertilizer for a method for increasing the oxygen content of soil. The special fertilizer can promote the growth of XD63Y.
The special fertilizer is an organic water-soluble fertilizer, and comprises the following components: the organic matter is more than or equal to 200g/L (wherein the small molecular carbon is more than or equal to 120 g/L), and N+P 2 O 5 +K 2 O is more than or equal to 120g/L, density is more than or equal to 1.2g/ml, and the appearance is brown viscous liquid, slightly flatulence and sour flavor. The preparation method of the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps: taking 30-50% of molasses liquid, 3-10% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 3-10% of urea, 0.5-2% of boric acid and 0.5-2% of zinc nitrate according to the mass ratio, fully mixing and stirring uniformly with purified water to 100%, sub-packaging and sealing.
According to the invention, the Bacillus tequilensis XD63Y is added into soil, so that the oxygen content of the soil can be improved, and the oxygen content of the soil can be further improved by further matching with a special fertilizer matched with the Bacillus tequilensis XD63Y. The purposes of promoting the health of the root system of the crops and improving the yield of the crops are achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a DNA sequence diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1. Domestication and screening of strains
6 strains of Bacillus tequilensis are purchased from a strain collection center and a Taobao net, the serial number is XD51Y-XD56Y, 15 strains of bacillus tequilensis with the form of thalli and colony close to that of the Bacillus tequilensis are screened from soil and a stink ditch around a peach source and town center in Guangdong river mountain city, the serial number is XD57Y-XD71Y, the strains are subjected to mutagenesis culture in an anaerobic environment of 20 generations respectively, and finally the strain with the strongest oxygen production capacity in the anaerobic environment is screened.
2. Preparation of the anaerobic environment and the special culture medium for mutagenesis culture
A1000 ml glass beaker was filled with 900ml distilled water and 2-20g of acclimatization medium was added, and 5ml of 50-fold dilution of sodium sulfite was added dropwise every 12 hours to remove dissolved oxygen in the water.
The formula of the domestication culture medium is as follows: 5-40% of glucose, 0.3-3% of yeast extract, 0.5-6% of potassium nitrate, 0.3-5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2-2% of sodium chloride, 0.02-0.1% of zinc nitrate, 0.02-0.1% of manganese nitrate, 0.01-0.1% of boric acid and 0.02-0.15% of ferric nitrate, and adjusting the pH value to 6.5-7.5 by distilled water to 100 ml.
3. The culture method comprises the following steps: taking 66 beakers with the culture solution, inoculating the 21 strains into the beakers respectively, inoculating 3 bottles of each strain, taking the remaining 3 bottles as blank control, placing the 66 culture bottles into a 30-45-degree incubator for culturing for 48-96 hours, and measuring the dissolved oxygen of the culture solution.
Table one: first 7 strains of 3-bottle dissolved oxygen average value of each test group in 1 st generation domestication process
And (II) table: 7 strains before average value of 3 bottles of dissolved oxygen in each test group in 10 th generation domestication process
| Strain number | 0 hours | 24 hours | 48 hours | 72 hours | 96 hours |
| XD58Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.86mg/L | 10.45mg/L | 11.01mg/L | 11.32mg/L |
| XD63Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.86mg/L | 10.46mg/L | 11.00mg/L | 11.31mg/L |
| XD70Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.81mg/L | 10.40mg/L | 10.95mg/L | 11.28mg/L |
| XD53Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.82mg/L | 10.41mg/L | 10.93mg/L | 11.26mg/L |
| XD56Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.79mg/L | 10.38mg/L | 10.92mg/L | 11.23mg/L |
| XD61Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.77mg/L | 10.37mg/L | 10.84mg/L | 11.21mg/L |
| XD66Y | 7.80mg/L | 9.75mg/L | 10.35mg/L | 10.82mg/L | 11.18mg/L |
Table three: first 7 strains of 3-bottle dissolved oxygen average value of each test group in 20 th generation domestication process
| Strain number | 0 hours | 24 hours | 48 hours | 72 hours | 96 hours |
| XD63Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.15mg/L | 12.56mg/L | 13.05mg/L | 13.38mg/L |
| XD53Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.13mg/L | 12.55mg/L | 13.03mg/L | 13.36mg/L |
| XD56Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.13mg/L | 12.53mg/L | 13.00mg/L | 13.33mg/L |
| XD61Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.11mg/L | 12.52mg/L | 13.01mg/L | 13.30mg/L |
| XD70Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.08mg/L | 12.48mg/L | 12.97mg/L | 13.26mg/L |
| XD58Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.09mg/L | 12.49mg/L | 12.95mg/L | 13.23mg/L |
| XD66Y | 7.80mg/L | 12.07mg/L | 12.40mg/L | 12.91mg/L | 13.18mg/L |
4. Screening method
The screening target is to screen out the strain with highest dissolved oxygen in the culture solution, firstly, the first 7 strains with highest dissolved oxygen are selected from all culture flasks, the strains in the strains are separated respectively for purification culture, after the culture, each culture dish is screened out 1 bacterial form and bacterial plaque form which are closest to the bacterial plaque of the Bacillus tequilensis, the bacterial plaque enters the next round of domestication culture, and the like, 20 generations of domestication mutation culture and screening are carried out altogether, and finally, the strain position with the highest water body dissolved oxygen improving capability is screened out.
Table four: dissolved oxygen condition of culture solution of XD63Y in the 1 st, 10 th and 20 th generation for 72 hours
5. Screening results
The finally selected strain was designated XD63Y, which was purified and cultured, and then subjected to DNA sequencing by the institute of microorganisms of the university of Guangdong, japan 6, 7 of 2022, and the sequencing result showed that the strain was a strain of Bacillus tertakii (Bacillus tequilensis) and had been deposited by the microorganism deposit center of Guangdong, and was given the accession number of GDMCC No:62521.
example two-purpose Yu Teji preparation of fertilizer special for Bacillus Latifaciens XD63Y
As a special fertilizer matched with the XD63Y biological agent, the cost of the product used for producing the first line cannot be too high and the use cannot be complicated due to the large domestic adaptive planting area, so the selection principle of the special fertilizer is as follows: with reference to the growth characteristics and nutritional requirements of bacillus tervelarius, the necessary nutritional ingredients are found firstly, and then the nutritional background of the use environment is considered, and as the special fertilizer is used in soil and the soil itself has very rich nutritional ingredients, the inventor only needs to select the nutritional ingredients lacking in the use environment.
According to the principle, the inventor sets the technical parameters of the special fertilizer as follows: the organic matter is more than or equal to 200g/L (wherein the small molecular carbon is more than or equal to 120 g/L), and N+P 2 O 5 +K 2 O is more than or equal to 120g/L, density is more than or equal to 1.2g/ml, and the appearance is brown viscous liquid, slightly swelled and has sour flavor, and the shelf life is 24 months.
The specific formula is as follows: taking 50% of molasses liquid, 5% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 5% of urea, 1% of boric acid and 1% of zinc nitrate according to the mass ratio, fully mixing and stirring uniformly with purified water to 100%, sub-packaging and sealing.
The special fertilizer product has the enterprise standard number of Q/GDHS01-2020 and the commodity name of organic water-soluble fertilizer.
Example III
The method comprises the steps of carrying out experiments on a peachsource and Taiping village potato vegetable planting base in the city of Jiangshan in Guangdong province at 15 days of 9 months in 2021 and 18 days of 3 months in 2022, setting four experiment groups and a control group in an experiment period of 6 months, wherein the experiment scale of each group is 1 mu, the planted plants are small tomatoes (cherry tomatoes), the planting density is 1000 seedlings per mu, the fertilization modes of the experiment groups and the control group are drip irrigation through a drip irrigation system, 500 kg of organic fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer per mu before the small tomatoes are transplanted, and the fertilization method comprises ridging, intermediate ditching, fertilizer spreading, soil covering, peritoneal membrane covering and the spacing of each plant is 0.8 meter.
1. Test protocol
The test group was administered the XD63Y biologic simultaneously with the organic water-soluble fertilizer of example two.
The XD63Y biological agent and the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer were simultaneously administered to the second test group. The amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer is produced by new biological products of Heshan City, inc.
Three of the test groups were administered XD63Y biologicals.
Four test groups were applied with the organic water-soluble fertilizer of example two.
The control group was applied with imported Norway compound fertilizer (content 15-15-15) according to conventional method.
2. Application method and application amount
2.00 liters of XD63Y biological agent per mu is diluted by 30 times with tap water placed overnight and then placed into a fertilizing tank 1 of an automatic drip irrigation system.
3.00 liters of organic water-soluble fertilizer per mu is diluted by 30 times by tap water placed overnight and then is placed into a fertilizing tank 2 of an automatic drip irrigation system.
3.00 liters of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acid per mu is diluted by 30 times by tap water placed overnight and then placed into a fertilizing tank 3 of an automatic drip irrigation system.
3.00 kg of imported Norway compound fertilizer (content 15-15-15) per mu is diluted by 30 times by tap water placed overnight and then placed into a fertilizing tank 4 of an automatic drip irrigation system.
Setting the drip irrigation time of each group of the program to be 30 minutes, and automatically completing the drip irrigation work of the four test groups and one control group by the automatic drip irrigation system according to the sequence of the first test group, the second test group, the third test group and the fourth test group to the control group.
3. Time of administration and number of administrations
The test group and the control group are prepared by soil and base fertilizer in 2021, 9 and 15 days, covered by film, transplanted in 2021, 9 and 18 days, drip-irrigation and application of the first fertilizer according to the fertilization scheme in 9 and 23 days, drip-irrigation of the first fertilizer every 10 days in the seedling stage and the flowering stage of the first 50 days, drip-irrigation of the fertilizer every 7 in the harvesting stage of the second 180 days, and drip-irrigation of the third day for measurement of various parameters.
4. Survey data of each relevant parameter of the soil in the test process are shown in a fifth table and a sixth table.
(1) Soil investigation data of small tomatoes in seedling stage
Table five: investigation of soil data of each group at 2021, 9 and 25 days (Duoyun, 27-33 ℃ C., breeze)
From Table five, it can be seen that: under the condition that the conditions of the seedling stage of the small tomatoes are the same in all aspects, the oxygen content of the soil and the water content of the soil are in a negative correlation, and the higher the water content of the soil is, the lower the oxygen content of the soil is;
test group one: the XD63Y biological agent is used together with the matched special organic water-soluble fertilizer, the organic water-soluble fertilizer promotes the growth of the XD63Y, the oxygen content of the soil is the highest in each period,
meanwhile, the water content of the surface soil is slightly low, which proves that the soil permeability is good, and the growth of crop root systems is facilitated.
Test group two: the XD63Y biological preparation and the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer are used together, so that the amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer can not obviously promote the growth of the XD63Y, and the oxygen content of soil in each period is lower than that in other test groups and only slightly higher than that in a control group.
Test group three: the XD63Y biological agent is independently used, and the soil oxygen content in each period of the whole day is only inferior to that in the first test group and higher than that in the other groups, so that the biological agent has a certain effect when being independently used.
Test group four: the organic water-soluble fertilizer of the culture medium matched with XD63Y is used independently, and the corresponding soil oxygen content is slightly higher than that of the control group and the test group.
(2) Soil investigation data of flowering and fruiting period of small tomatoes
The fourth fertilization was performed 10 months 22 days after the transplanting of the small tomatoes, and the data investigation was performed 10 months 24 days.
Table six: investigation of soil data of each group at 2021, 10 and 24 days (Duoyun, 17-24 ℃ C., breeze)
From Table six, it can be seen that: the weather condition of the day of investigation is cloudy, the air temperature is lower, the air is drier, the water content of the soil is lower than that of Table five, but from the investigation data, the oxygen content of soil layers below 30cm of the soil is lower than that of soil layers below 30cm of the seedling stage in flowering and fruiting periods of small tomatoes due to larger oxygen demand of root systems.
(3) Soil investigation data of small tomatoes in harvest period
The ninth fertilization was performed for the small tomatoes on day 12, 3 and the data investigation was performed on day 12, 5.
Table seven: investigation of soil data of each group (Duoyun, 14-21 ℃ C., breeze) at 2021, 12 and 5 days
As can be seen from table seven: compared with the control group, the test group I, the test group II, the test group III, the test group IV and the control group III, the air is drier due to the lower temperature of the investigation day, the oxygen content of the surface soil is slightly higher, the water content of the soil is lower than that of the surface soil, but because the small tomatoes are in the harvest period, the oxygen demand is large, the oxygen content of the soil at the middle and lower layers is lower, and in addition, as can be seen from the comparison of the first test group and the second test group, the organic water-soluble fertilizer with the matched culture medium has better effect on improving the oxygen content of the soil at the middle and lower layers.
After the whole test is harvested at 3 and 16 days of 2022, the eighth table is the yield and cost data of the test group and the control group
Table eight: revenue and cost data for test and control groups
From Table eight, it can be seen that: under the same conditions in all aspects, the XD63Y biological agent and the matched culture medium organic water-soluble fertilizer have better effects on improving the yield of the small tomatoes and reducing the production cost.
The first test group has the most obvious yield increase compared with the control group, the total cost of production is reduced due to the fact that the yield increase benefit is shared by fixed fees such as land renting, labor cost and water cost, the production cost is slightly increased due to the fact that biological agents are used, and the yield increase benefit is obvious compared with the increased yield value.
The third increasing effect of the test group is inferior to the first test group, and is better than other test groups and control groups, and the third increasing effect has a certain increasing effect.
Claims (7)
1. A method for increasing the oxygen content of soil is characterized in that bacillus tertiaryanae XD63Y is added into the soil, and the deposit number of the bacillus tertiaryanae XD63Y is GDMCC No. 62521.
2. The method for increasing the oxygen content of soil according to claim 1, wherein bacillus tertiarygenus XD63Y powder or bacillus tertiarygenus XD63Y biological agent is added into the soil.
3. The method for increasing the oxygen content of soil according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y biological agent comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus tequilensis XD63Y into culture medium, shaking with constant temperature water bath, shaking at 40-50deg.C at 10-30 rpm for 24-96 hr to obtain biological preparation for oxygenation of target culture water body; wherein the medium comprises: 500ml of distilled water, 5-40% of glucose, 0.3-3% of yeast extract, 0.5-5% of N and P 2 O 5 0.3-3%，K 2 0.1-2% of O, 0.05-1% of trace elements and pH of 5.5-8.5.
4. The method for increasing oxygen content of soil according to claim 2, wherein 1-5 liters of bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y biological agent per 666 square meters is added to the soil when bacillus tertiarygensis XD63Y biological agent is used.
5. The method for increasing the oxygen content of soil according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a special fertilizer matched with bacillus tervelarius XD63Y is added at the same time as the bacillus tervelarius XD63Y is added to the soil; the special fertilizer is an organic water-soluble fertilizer, and comprises the following components: the organic matter is more than or equal to 200g/L, the small molecular carbon is more than or equal to 120g/L, and the N+P is 2 O 5 +K 2 O is more than or equal to 120g/L, and density is more than or equal to 1.2g/ml.
6. The method for increasing the oxygen content of soil according to claim 5, wherein the preparation of the organic water-soluble fertilizer comprises: taking 30-50% of molasses liquid, 3-10% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 3-10% of urea, 0.5-2% of boric acid and 0.5-2% of zinc nitrate according to the mass ratio, fully mixing and stirring uniformly with purified water to 100%, sub-packaging and sealing.
7. The method for increasing the oxygen content of soil according to claim 5, wherein said special fertilizer is used in an amount of 1 to 5 liters per 666 square meters of soil.
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