CN115950952A

CN115950952A - Internet of things steel rail detection equipment and Internet of things steel rail detection method

Info

Publication number: CN115950952A
Application number: CN202310092837.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 兰树文
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-02-10
Filing date: 2023-02-10
Publication date: 2023-04-11

Abstract

The invention aims to provide an Internet of things steel rail detection device and an Internet of things steel rail detection method, automatic avoidance of the whole device to a train can be realized through an automatic overturning device, unmanned real-time detection of steel rail parameters when the train passes through is realized, automatic adjustment of an ultrasonic flaw detection angle is realized through an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device, scenes with different required angles are met, the application range is wide, steel rails before ultrasonic flaw detection are automatically cleaned through a steel rail cleaning device, the influence of attachments on the surface of the steel rails on ultrasonic flaw detection is reduced, the equipment flaw detection efficiency is improved, the whole device is driven to move along the inner sides of the steel rails through a moving adjusting device, protruding fixed objects on the inner sides of the steel rails can be automatically avoided and passed through, the device can stably operate, and intelligent control of the device is realized through an Internet of things control box.

Description

Internet of things steel rail detection device and Internet of things steel rail detection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of Internet of things equipment, in particular to Internet of things steel rail detection equipment and an Internet of things steel rail detection method.

Background

In recent years, the scientific research investment in various fields is increased by the nation, the research and development of the internet of things equipment are accelerated, and scientific and technical products are gradually utilized to replace some traditional steel rail detection methods under the background of a steel rail detection era with large area and automation centralization. For example: CN204775242U, the utility model discloses an electrodynamic type drive rail detector. Including detecting the appearance frame, the universal wheel body, the tight pulley, pulley b, the motor, the holding rod, the axle, the fixed plate seat, it is the rectangular frame structure to detect the appearance frame, the front end is equipped with a pair of universal wheel body, the rear end is fixed with a fixed plate seat, the fixed plate seat is the plate, plate central authorities open there is the opening, the motor is fixed on fixed plate seat upper portion, motor rotor axle head still is equipped with pulley an, fixed plate seat bottom surface is fixed with a pair of tight pulley, the tight pulley passes through the hub connection, epaxial still be fixed with pulley an complex pulley b, be connected through the V belt between pulley an and the pulley b, detector equipment is fixed on the holding rod. The utility model discloses an with the manpower promotion formula structure of rail detector, design for an adoption electric drive's rail detector, it is simple and convenient to have the use, and labour saving and time saving has improved the efficiency that the rail detected, has solved the problem that the mode inefficiency that prior art's rail detector adopted the manpower. The utility model discloses a can't align automatically when the train traveles and avoid, need the manual work to remove equipment from the rail, strengthened the danger of during operation. For example: CN215622012U, the utility model discloses a be used for rail to detect with ultrasonic wave flaw detection car belongs to rail detection technical field, and its technical scheme main points include the flaw detection car body, the left side fixedly connected with of flaw detection car body cleans the mechanism, the right side fixedly connected with of flaw detection car body top connects the pole setting, the left side fixedly connected with installation pole setting at flaw detection car body top, the top swing joint of installation pole setting has the horizontal pole, the inner wall swing joint of horizontal pole has interior pole, cleans the mechanism through setting up, is convenient for wipe the water on rail surface when the operation, avoids the rail surface to freeze under the lower environment of temperature, cleans the mechanism and is driven together to remove when the flaw detection car body removes, and driving motor under the bottom plate passes through belt pulley and driving belt and drives the brush roll rotation, cleans the water of rail side, and cleans the rail top in the setting of mounting bracket bottom for can clean the rail when the rail detects. The utility model discloses a can only carry out ultrasonic inspection to the rail, can't carry out the side to the rail and have the detection of crackle damage, and can't carry out real-time detection to the rail automatically when the train moves, reduce the manpower work.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a thing networking rail check out test set which characterized in that: the device comprises an automatic lifting and turning device, an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device, a steel rail cleaning device, a movable adjusting device and a rack, wherein the automatic lifting and turning device, the steel rail cleaning device and the movable adjusting device are all connected with the rack, and the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device and the steel rail cleaning device are all connected with the automatic lifting and turning device.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the invention relates to an Internet of things steel rail detection device, which comprises a wheel pressing plate A, a connecting block A, a spring A, a connecting block B and a sliding plate box, wherein the wheel pressing plate A, a top plate and a hook claw A are all rotatably connected with a pressing plate support, the pressing plate support is fixedly connected with a side support, the wheel pressing plate A is rotatably connected with the connecting block A, the connecting block A is fixedly connected with the spring A, the spring A is fixedly connected with the connecting block B, the connecting block B is rotatably connected with the top plate, the top plate is rotatably connected with a special-shaped connecting rod, the top plate is slidably connected with the hook claw A, the hook claw A is fixedly connected with a spring C, the spring C is fixedly connected with a pressing plate support, and the special-shaped connecting rod is fixedly connected with the spring B, spring B supports fixed connection with the clamp plate, abnormal shape connecting rod is connected with the slide ball cover and can carries out the rotation of certain direction, the slide is through its spout and traveller A sliding connection, traveller A and the spout sliding connection of slide box, play the guide effect, slide box and side support fixed connection, slide and slide box sliding connection, traveller A and rack A fixed connection, rack A is connected with straight-teeth gear A meshing, straight-teeth gear A and connecting axle A fixed connection, connecting axle A supports to rotate with side and is connected, connecting axle A and commentaries on classics board A fixed connection, commentaries on classics board A and camera integrated board A, ultrasonic inspection protective housing fixed connection, be provided with a plurality of camera integrated board A.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the invention relates to an internet of things steel rail detection device, wherein the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device comprises a motor a, a connecting rod a and an arc slider, wherein the motor a and a guide plate are both fixedly connected with the motor support a, the motor support a is fixedly connected with a rotating plate a, the motor a is fixedly connected with the connecting rod a through an output shaft of the motor a, the connecting rod a is rotatably connected with the arc slider, the arc slider is slidably connected with a guide shaft a, the guide shaft a is fixedly connected with the motor support a and an ultrasonic output fixing plate a, the left end of the ultrasonic output fixing plate a is rotatably connected with the guide plate, the right end of the ultrasonic output fixing plate a is slidably connected with a chute of the guide plate, the ultrasonic output plate a is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic output fixing plate a, and a plurality of ultrasonic output plates a and ultrasonic output fixing plates a are arranged.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the steel rail detection device of the invention comprises a water tank, a water pump, a water delivery pipe a, a water delivery rotating pipe a and a piston cylinder a, wherein the water tank and the water pump are both fixedly connected with a bottom support, a water outlet of the water tank is fixedly connected with an input port of the water pump, the water pump is fixedly connected with the water delivery pipe a through an input port of the water pump, the water delivery pipe a is rotatably connected with the water delivery rotating pipe a, the water delivery rotating pipe a is fixedly connected with the piston cylinder a, the piston cylinder a is slidably connected with a special-shaped piston a, the special-shaped piston a is rotatably connected with a connecting rod B, the connecting rod B is rotatably connected with a cam shaft a, the cam shaft a is rotatably connected with the piston support a and the cotton wheel a, the special-shaped piston a is fixedly connected with a spring D, the spring D is fixedly connected with the piston support a, the piston support a is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft a, the water outlet nozzle pipe a is fixedly connected with the piston cylinder a, and the cleaning combination mechanisms on both sides are completely the same.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the invention relates to an internet of things steel rail detection device, wherein the movement adjusting device comprises a motor B, a helical gear a, a helical gear B and a special-shaped connecting shaft a, wherein the motor B and the special-shaped connecting shaft a are both fixedly connected with a motor support B, the motor support B is fixedly connected with a bottom support, the motor B is fixedly connected with the helical gear a through an output shaft of the motor B, the helical gear a is meshed with the helical gear B, the helical gear B is fixedly connected with the special-shaped connecting shaft a, the special-shaped connecting shaft a is fixedly connected with a spring E, the spring E is fixedly connected with the special-shaped connecting shaft B, the special-shaped connecting shaft a and the special-shaped connecting shaft B can only horizontally slide or do not rotate, the special-shaped connecting shaft B and the moving wheel support a can only rotatably connect with the moving wheel support a, the moving wheel support a is rotatably connected with an auxiliary wheel a, the special-shaped connecting shaft B is fixedly connected with an angle gear a, the angle gear a is meshed with the angle gear B and the connecting shaft B is fixedly connected with the moving wheel support a, and the connecting shaft B can only vertically move in the same direction as the moving wheel support a.

As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the rack comprises an internet of things protection shell, an ultrasonic flaw detection protection shell, a side support, a bottom support and an internet of things control box, wherein the internet of things protection shell, the side support and the internet of things control box are fixedly connected with the bottom support, and the ultrasonic flaw detection protection shell is fixedly connected with the rotating plate a to play a role in supporting each part of the equipment.

An Internet of things steel rail detection method is realized through the Internet of things steel rail detection equipment in the above claims, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps of S1, starting an automatic overturning device, enabling train wheels to press a wheel pressing plate A, driving a sliding plate to slide in the horizontal direction through a spring transmission combination mechanism, so as to drive a rack A to move in the vertical direction, finally realizing the rotation of a rotating plate A and a camera integrated plate A, enabling the wheels to be driven to return to an initial state through the spring combination mechanism after passing, enabling equipment to detect whether cracks exist on the side surface of a steel rail in real time in the running process of a train, adjusting the overturning speed and the overturning angle through changing the gear tooth ratio of the gear tooth and adjusting the overturning speed and the overturning angle, starting an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device, enabling a guide shaft A to move in the vertical direction through driving of a motor A, enabling the guide shaft A to be matched with a circular arc chute of a guide plate, enabling a fixed plate A to overturn at a certain angle, namely achieving the specified angle required by an ultrasonic output plate A, and adjusting the overturning angle of the ultrasonic output plate A through changing the length of a connecting rod A and the output torque of the motor.

And S2, starting the steel rail cleaning device, conveying water from the water tank to a subsequent water conveying pipe through the water pump, pushing the special-shaped piston A to slide by water pressure generated by the water pump, so that the rotation of the cotton wheel A is realized through the conversion of the connecting rod connecting shaft transmission mechanism, gradually reducing the water pressure when the special-shaped piston A slides until the water is conveyed from the piston cylinder A to the water outlet nozzle pipe A to be sprayed out, pushing the special-shaped piston A back by the reaction force of the spring D to realize the reciprocating motion of the piston, spraying the water from the water outlet nozzle pipe A to the cotton wheel A, overturning the cleaning combination mechanism along with the overturning of the automatic overturning device, and adjusting the water spraying speed and the rotation speed of the cotton wheel A by changing the output power of the water pump.

And S3, starting the mobile adjusting device, driving the mobile wheel A to rotate by a starting motor B through a transmission combination mechanism of the bevel gear and the angle gear, so that the whole equipment can move between two steel rails, when protruding fixtures such as rivets, supporting pieces and the like are arranged on the steel rails, driving the mobile adjusting device to contract and advance by a combination mechanism of the special-shaped connecting shaft A, the special-shaped connecting shaft B and the spring E, automatically recovering to an initial state after passing, adjusting the moving speed and distance of the equipment by changing the output rotating speed, time and gear ratio of the motor, adjusting the thickness of the protruding fixtures capable of being overturned by changing the embedding length of the special-shaped connecting shaft A and the special-shaped connecting shaft B, starting the Internet of things control box, and transmitting all detected data and control commands to the operation terminal through the Internet of things control box.

The invention discloses an Internet of things steel rail detection device and an Internet of things steel rail detection method, which have the beneficial effects that:

1. the automatic turning device can realize the automatic avoidance of the whole equipment to the train and simultaneously realize the unmanned real-time detection of the steel rail parameters when the train passes by; 2. the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device realizes the automatic adjustment of the ultrasonic flaw detection angle, meets the scenes of different required angles, and has wide application range; 3. the steel rail cleaning device automatically cleans the steel rail before ultrasonic flaw detection, reduces the influence of attachments on the surface of the steel rail on the ultrasonic flaw detection, and improves the flaw detection efficiency of equipment; 4. the movable adjusting device drives the whole equipment to move along the inner side of the steel rail, and can carry out autonomous avoidance and passing on the protruding fixtures on the inner side of the steel rail, so that the equipment can run stably; 5. the Internet of things control box realizes the intelligent control of the Internet of things of the equipment.

Drawings

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a first overall structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a third schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic flipping device of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic inspection angle adjusting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the rail cleaning apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the movement adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a first schematic view of the frame structure of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of the frame structure of the present invention;

in the figure: an automatic flipping device 1; a wheel platen A101; a connecting block A102; a spring A103; a connecting block B104; a top plate 105; a profiled connecting rod 106; a spring B107; a platen support 108; a claw A109; a spring C110; a strut A111; a spur gear A112; a rack A113; connecting shaft A114; a rotation plate A115; a camera integrated board a116; a sled case 117; a slide plate 118; an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device 2; a motor A201; a connecting rod A202; a circular arc slider 203; a guide shaft A204; the motor supports A205; an ultrasonic output fixing plate a206; a guide plate 207; an ultrasonic output plate a208; a rail cleaning device 3; a water tank 301; a water pump 302; a water delivery pipe A303; a water delivery rotary pipe A304; a piston cylinder A305; a profiled piston A306; a connecting rod B307; a camshaft A308; a piston support A309; a spring D310; a cotton wheel A311; a water outlet nozzle pipe A312; the movement adjusting device 4; a motor B401; helical gear A402; a helical gear B403; a special-shaped connecting shaft A404; a special-shaped connecting shaft B405; a horn gear A406; a horn gear B407; a connecting shaft B408; a moving wheel A409; a moving wheel support A410; auxiliary wheel a411; motor support B412; a spring E413; a frame 5; an internet of things protective shell 501; an ultrasonic flaw detection protective case 502; a lateral support 503; a base support 504; thing networking control box 505.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and an internet of things steel rail detection device and an internet of things steel rail detection method include an automatic lifting device 1, an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device 2, a steel rail cleaning device 3, a mobile adjusting device 4, and a rack 5, wherein the automatic lifting device 1, the steel rail cleaning device 3, and the mobile adjusting device 4 are all connected with the rack 5, and the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device 2 and the steel rail cleaning device 3 are all connected with the automatic lifting device 1.

The second concrete embodiment:

the following describes the present embodiment with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the present embodiment further describes the first embodiment, in the operation process of the automatic flipping device 1, a train wheel presses a wheel pressing plate a101 to drive the wheel pressing plate a101 to rotate, the wheel pressing plate a101 drives a connecting block a102 to rotate, the connecting block a102 drives a connecting block B104 to rotate through a spring a103, the spring a103 is a hard spring, the connecting block B104 drives a top plate 105 to rotate, the top plate 105 drives a special-shaped connecting rod 106 to rotate, the top plate 105 drives a hook claw a109 to slide, the hook claw a109 hooks the wheel pressing plate a101, the train wheel drives the wheel pressing plate a101 and the top plate 105 to return to an initial state due to the reactive force of the spring a103 and the spring C110 after passing through the train wheel, the special-shaped connecting rod 106 drives the spring B107 to be fixed, the spring B107 drives the pressing plate support 108 to be fixed, the special-shaped connecting rod 106 drives the sliding plate 118 to slide, the sliding plate 118 drives the sliding column A111 to slide in the vertical direction through the sliding groove of the sliding plate box 117, the sliding column A111 drives the rack A113 to move in the vertical direction, the rack A113 drives the straight gear A112 to rotate, the straight gear A112 drives the connecting shaft A114 to rotate, the connecting shaft A114 drives the rotating plate A115 to rotate, the rotating plate A115 drives the camera integrated plate A116, the ultrasonic flaw detection protective shell 502 and the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device 2 to rotate, a plurality of camera integrated plates A116 are arranged, automatic overturning and yielding of a train and detection of real-time state data of a steel rail during running of the train are achieved, and overturning speed and overturning angle are adjusted by changing the gear tooth ratio;

the third concrete embodiment:

the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the present embodiment further describes the first embodiment, the operation process of the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting apparatus 2 is to start the motor a201, the motor a201 drives the connecting rod a202 to rotate through its output shaft, the connecting rod a202 drives the arc slider 203 to slide in the sliding slot of the guide shaft a204, the arc slider 203 drives the guide shaft a204 to move in the vertical direction, the guide shaft a204 cooperates with the arc sliding slot of the guide plate 207 to drive the ultrasonic output fixing plate a206 to rotate, the ultrasonic output fixing plate a206 drives the ultrasonic output plate a208 to rotate, so that the fixing plate a206 is turned over by a certain angle, that is, the specified angle required by the ultrasonic output plate a208 is reached, and the turning angle of the ultrasonic output plate a208 is adjusted by changing the length of the connecting rod a202 and the output torque of the motor;

the fourth concrete embodiment:

the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the present embodiment further describes a first embodiment, in an operation process of the steel rail cleaning apparatus 3, the water pump 302 is started, the water pump 302 outputs water from the water tank 301 to the water pipe a303, the water pipe a303 enters the water conveying rotating pipe a304, the water conveying rotating pipe a304 enters the piston cylinder a305, the water pressure generated by the water pump 302 pushes the special-shaped piston a306 to slide, the special-shaped piston a306 drives the connecting rod B307 to rotate, the connecting rod B307 drives the cam shaft a308 to rotate, the cam shaft a308 drives the cotton wheel a311 to rotate, when the special-shaped piston a306 slides until water is conveyed from the piston cylinder a305 to the water outlet nozzle pipe a312 to be sprayed, the water pressure gradually decreases, the special-shaped piston A306 is pushed back by the counterforce of the spring D310 to realize the reciprocating motion of the piston, water is sprayed out of the piston cylinder A305 to the cotton wheel A311 through the water outlet spray head pipe A312 to realize the cleaning of the steel rail, the connecting shaft A114 rotates, the connecting shaft A114 drives the piston support A309 to rotate, the piston support A309 drives the cam shaft A308 to rotate, the cam shaft A308 drives the connecting rod B307 to rotate, the connecting rod B307 drives the special-shaped piston A306 to rotate, the special-shaped piston A306 drives the piston cylinder A305 to rotate, the piston cylinder A305 drives the water delivery rotating pipe A304 to rotate, the cleaning combination mechanism can be overturned along with the overturning of the automatic overturning device 1 to realize the automatic avoidance of the steel rail cleaning device 3 to the train, and the water spraying speed and the rotating speed of the cotton wheel A311 are adjusted by changing the output power of the water pump 302;

the fifth concrete embodiment:

the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the present embodiment further describes an embodiment, the operation process of the movement adjusting device 4 is to start the motor B401, the motor B401 drives the helical gear a402 to rotate through its output shaft, the helical gear a402 drives the helical gear B403 to rotate, the helical gear B403 drives the special-shaped connecting shaft a404 to rotate, the special-shaped connecting shaft a404 drives the special-shaped connecting shaft B405 to rotate, the special-shaped connecting shaft B405 drives the horn gear a406 to rotate, the horn gear a406 drives the horn gear B407 to rotate, the horn gear B407 drives the connecting shaft B408 to rotate, the connecting shaft B408 drives the moving wheel a409 to rotate, when the device moves and encounters a protruding fixture, because the protruding fixture drives the moving wheel a409 to move inward in the horizontal direction, the moving wheel a409 drives the special-shaped connecting shaft B405 to move in the horizontal direction through the moving wheel support a410, and compresses the spring E413, after the protruding fixture is moved, the reaction force of the spring E413 drives the moving wheel a horizontal direction of the moving wheel a409 to move outward, and the device can adjust the thickness of the protruding fixture by changing the output rotation speed, time and the gear ratio of the motor to adjust the length of the special-shaped connecting shaft a, and the length of the special-shaped connecting shaft B404;

the sixth specific embodiment:

the embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9, and the embodiment further describes an embodiment, where the rack 5 mainly includes an internet of things protective shell 501, an ultrasonic flaw detection protective shell 502, a side support 503, a bottom support 504, and an internet of things control box 505, where the internet of things protective shell 501, the side support 503, and the internet of things control box 505 are all fixedly connected to the bottom support 504, the ultrasonic flaw detection protective shell 502 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate a115, the internet of things protective shell 501 provides external protection for the internet of things control box 505, the ultrasonic flaw detection protective shell 502 provides external protection for the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device 2, and the internet of things control box 505 is started, all data and control commands detected above are transmitted to the operation terminal through the internet of things control box 505, which generally plays a role in supporting each part of the device, so that the whole device runs stably, prevents the device from being damaged, and prolongs the service life.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a thing networking rail check out test set which characterized in that: the device comprises an automatic lifting and turning device (1), an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device (2), a steel rail cleaning device (3), a movable adjusting device (4) and a rack (5), wherein the automatic lifting and turning device (1), the steel rail cleaning device (3) and the movable adjusting device (4) are all connected with the rack (5), and the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device (2) and the steel rail cleaning device (3) are all connected with the automatic lifting and turning device (1).

2. The Internet of things steel rail detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic overturning device (1) comprises a wheel pressing plate A (101), a connecting block A (102), a spring A (103), a connecting block B (104) and a sliding plate box (117), wherein the wheel pressing plate A (101), a top plate (105) and a hook claw A (109) are rotatably connected with a pressing plate support (108), the pressing plate support (108) is fixedly connected with a side support (503), the wheel pressing plate A (101) is rotatably connected with the connecting block A (102), the connecting block A (102) is fixedly connected with the spring A (103), the spring A (103) is fixedly connected with the connecting block B (104), the connecting block B (104) is rotatably connected with the top plate (105), the top plate (105) is rotatably connected with a special-shaped connecting rod (106), the top plate (105) is slidably connected with the hook claw A (109), the hook claw A (109) is fixedly connected with a spring C (110), the spring C (110) is fixedly connected with the pressing plate support (108), the special-shaped connecting rod (106) is fixedly connected with a spring B (107), the sliding plate B (107) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate support (108), and a sliding plate (118) is connected with a sliding chute (118), the ultrasonic flaw detection device has the advantages that the guiding effect is achieved, the sliding plate box (117) is fixedly connected with the side support (503), the sliding plate (118) is slidably connected with the sliding plate box (117), the sliding column A (111) is fixedly connected with the rack A (113), the rack A (113) is meshed with the straight gear A (112), the straight gear A (112) is fixedly connected with the connecting shaft A (114), the connecting shaft A (114) is rotatably connected with the side support (503), the connecting shaft A (114) is fixedly connected with the rotating plate A (115), the rotating plate A (115) is fixedly connected with the camera integrated plate A (116) and the ultrasonic flaw detection protective shell (502), and the camera integrated plate A (116) is provided with the plurality of camera integrated plates A (116).

3. The Internet of things steel rail detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device (2) comprises a motor A (201), a connecting rod A (202) and an arc sliding block (203), wherein the motor A (201) and a guide plate (207) are fixedly connected with a motor support A (205), the motor support A (205) is fixedly connected with a rotating plate A (115), the motor A (201) is fixedly connected with the connecting rod A (202) through an output shaft of the motor A, the connecting rod A (202) is rotatably connected with the arc sliding block (203), the arc sliding block (203) is slidably connected with a guide shaft A (204), the guide shaft A (204) is fixedly connected with the motor support A (205) and an ultrasonic output fixing plate A (206), the left end of the ultrasonic output fixing plate A (206) is rotatably connected with the guide plate (207), the right end of the ultrasonic output fixing plate A (206) is slidably connected with a sliding groove of the guide plate (207), the ultrasonic output plate A (208) is fixedly connected with the ultrasonic output fixing plate A (206), and a plurality of ultrasonic output fixing plates A (208) and A (206) are arranged.

4. The Internet of things steel rail detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel rail cleaning device (3) comprises a water tank (301), a water pump (302), a water pipe A (303), a water delivery rotating pipe A (304) and a piston cylinder A (305), wherein the water tank (301) and the water pump (302) are fixedly connected with a bottom support (504), a water outlet of the water tank (301) is fixedly connected with an input port of the water pump (302), the water pump (302) is fixedly connected with the water pipe A (303) through an input port of the water pump, the water pipe A (303) is rotatably connected with the water delivery rotating pipe A (304), the water delivery rotating pipe A (304) is fixedly connected with the piston cylinder A (305), the piston cylinder A (305) is slidably connected with a special-shaped piston A (306), the special-shaped piston A (306) is rotatably connected with a connecting rod B (307), the connecting rod B (307) is rotatably connected with a camshaft A (308), the camshaft A (308) is fixedly connected with a piston support A (309), the cotton wheel A (311) is rotatably connected, the special-shaped piston A (306) is fixedly connected with a spring D (310), the spring D (310) is fixedly connected with a piston support A (309), and the spray head is fixedly connected with a piston support A (114) and a cleaning mechanism.

5. The Internet of things steel rail detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the moving adjusting device (4) comprises a motor B (401), a bevel gear A (402), a bevel gear B (403) and a special-shaped connecting shaft A (404), wherein the motor B (401) and the special-shaped connecting shaft A (404) are fixedly connected with a motor support B (412), the motor support B (412) is fixedly connected with a bottom support (504), the motor B (401) is fixedly connected with the bevel gear A (402) through an output shaft of the motor B, the bevel gear A (402) is meshed with the bevel gear B (403), the bevel gear B (403) is fixedly connected with the special-shaped connecting shaft A (404), the special-shaped connecting shaft A (404) is fixedly connected with a spring E (413), the spring E (413) is fixedly connected with the special-shaped connecting shaft B (405), the special-shaped connecting shaft A (404) and the special-shaped connecting shaft B (405) can only slide in the horizontal direction, i.e. do not rotate, the special-shaped connecting shaft B (405) and the special-shaped connecting shaft B (405) can only rotate, i.e. do not move in the horizontal direction, the moving wheel support A (410) is rotatably connected with an auxiliary wheel A (411), a plurality of auxiliary wheels are arranged, the moving wheel support A (410) is fixedly connected with a sliding support A (411), the angle shaft A (408) and a corner support B (407) is fixedly connected with a corner shaft B, the corner shaft B (407) and a corner shaft B (405), the connecting shaft B (408) and the moving wheel support A (410) can only be connected in a rotating mode, namely do not move in the vertical direction, the connecting shaft B (408) and the moving wheel A (409) are fixedly connected, and moving combination mechanisms on two sides are completely the same.

6. The Internet of things steel rail detection equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame (5) includes thing networking protective housing (501), ultrasonic inspection protective housing (502), side support (503), bottom sprag (504), thing networking control box (505), and wherein thing networking protective housing (501), side support (503), thing networking control box (505) all with bottom sprag (504) fixed connection, ultrasonic inspection protective housing (502) and commentaries on classics board A (115) fixed connection play the supporting role to each portion of equipment.

7. An internet of things steel rail detection method is specifically realized by the internet of things steel rail detection equipment in the above claims 1-6, and comprises the following steps:

s1, starting an automatic overturning device (1), pressing a train wheel by a wheel pressing plate A (101), driving a sliding plate (118) to slide in the horizontal direction through a spring transmission combination mechanism, so as to drive a rack A (113) to move in the vertical direction, finally realizing the rotation of a rotating plate A (115) and a camera integrated plate A (116), driving the wheel to return to an initial state through the spring combination mechanism after passing, enabling the equipment to detect whether cracks exist on the side surface of a steel rail in real time in the running process of the train, adjusting the overturning speed and the overturning angle by changing the gear tooth ratio of the gear tooth, starting an ultrasonic flaw detection angle adjusting device (2), driving a guide shaft A (204) to move in the vertical direction through a motor A (201), enabling the guide shaft A (204) to be matched with an arc chute of a guide plate (207), enabling a fixing plate A (206) to overturn at a certain angle, namely achieving the specified angle required by an ultrasonic output plate A (208), and adjusting the angle of the ultrasonic output plate A (208) by changing the length of a connecting rod A (202) and the output torque of the motor;

s2, starting a steel rail cleaning device (3), conveying water from a water tank (301) to a subsequent water conveying pipe through a water pump (302), pushing a special-shaped piston A (306) to slide by water pressure generated by the water pump (302), so that rotation of a cotton wheel A (311) is realized through conversion of a connecting rod and connecting shaft transmission mechanism, when the special-shaped piston A (306) slides until the water is conveyed from a piston cylinder A (305) to a water outlet spray head pipe A (312) to be sprayed out, the water pressure is gradually reduced, the special-shaped piston A (306) is pushed back by the reaction force of a spring D (310) to realize reciprocating motion of the piston, the water is sprayed out from the water outlet spray head pipe A (312) to the cotton wheel A (311), a cleaning combination mechanism can be overturned along with the overturning of an automatic overturning device (1), and the water spraying speed and the rotation speed of the cotton wheel A (311) are adjusted by changing the output power of the water pump (302);

s3, a mobile adjusting device (4) is started, a starting motor B (404) drives a mobile wheel A (409) to rotate through a transmission combination mechanism of a bevel gear and a bevel gear, so that the movement of the whole equipment between two steel rails is realized, when protruding fixtures such as rivets, supporting pieces and the like are arranged on the steel rails, a combination mechanism of a special-shaped connecting shaft A (404), a special-shaped connecting shaft B (405) and a spring E (413) can drive the mobile adjusting device (4) to contract and advance, and then the equipment automatically recovers to an initial state, the moving speed and distance of the equipment are adjusted by changing the output rotating speed, time and gear ratio of the motor, the thickness of the protruding fixtures which can be overturned is adjusted by changing the embedding length of the special-shaped connecting shaft A (404) and the special-shaped connecting shaft B (405), an internet-of-things control box (505) is started, and all detected data and control commands are transmitted to an operation terminal through the internet-of-things control box (505).