CN115949688A - Vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control and design method thereof - Google Patents
Vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control and a design method thereof, wherein the vibration damping device comprises: a base part; at least two first mounting holes are formed in the base, the two first mounting holes are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the first mounting holes extend along the first preset direction; the upper bearing part is provided with at least two second mounting holes, and the two second mounting holes are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction; the two vibration reduction assemblies are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode and are respectively connected with the base part and the upper bearing part; the vibration damping assembly includes: one end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the first mounting hole along a first preset direction, and the other end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the second mounting hole along the first preset direction; and one end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the base part, the other end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the swing arm part, and a preset installation angle is formed between the elastic supporting part and the base part. The problems that a mechanical system in the prior art is large in displacement and an elastic element is prone to fatigue failure are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to damping devices, and more particularly, to a damping device for controlling vibration and displacement and a method for designing the same.
Background
The mechanical system can generally generate vibration phenomenon in the working process; when the vibration is larger, the stability and the reliability of the mechanical system can be influenced; not only can cause the mechanical system not to work normally, but also can cause the fatigue failure problem of parts; therefore, vibration control of the mechanical system is necessary. The vibration isolation technology is an important research branch of vibration control of mechanical systems, is more and more emphasized by scientific researchers, and is widely applied to multiple fields of machinery, automobiles, spaceflight, buildings, electronics, electrical appliances and the like. Currently, the most used vibration isolators include: spring-damping vibration isolator, rubber spring vibration isolator and air spring vibration isolator.
In the aspect of medium and low frequency (10 Hz-100 Hz) vibration, the vibration isolation effect of the three vibration isolators is general, the vibration isolation rate is not more than 85 percent, and the lower the frequency is, the poorer the vibration isolation effect is. In order to improve the medium and low frequency vibration isolation effect, the stiffness of an elastic element (such as a common spring, a rubber spring and an air spring) is generally reduced, but the problems of increased displacement of a mechanical system and fatigue failure of the elastic element are caused.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a vibration damping device for controlling vibration and displacement and a design method thereof, and solves the problems that the vibration isolation technology in the prior art reduces the rigidity of an elastic element to improve the vibration isolation effect, so that the mechanical system has large displacement and the elastic element is easy to fatigue and lose efficacy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:
the application provides a vibration damping device of vibration and displacement control includes: a base part; the base part is provided with at least two first mounting holes, the two first mounting holes are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the first mounting holes extend along the first preset direction;
the upper bearing part is provided with at least two second mounting holes which are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the second mounting holes extend along the first preset direction;
the two vibration reduction assemblies are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode and are respectively connected with the base part and the upper bearing part;
the vibration damping assembly includes:
one end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the first mounting hole along a first preset direction, and the other end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the second mounting hole along the first preset direction;
and one end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the base part, the other end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the swing arm part, and a preset installation angle is formed between the elastic supporting part and the base part.
In one embodiment, the swing arm portion includes:
a swing arm lever;
the elastic bushings are connected to the two ends of the swing arm rod, and the swing arm rod is connected with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole through the elastic bushings at the two ends.
In one embodiment, the swing arm lever is located in a direction of the base portion toward the upper bearing portion and gradually extends obliquely outward.
In one embodiment, the elastomeric bushing comprises:
the bolt is provided with stop blocks at two sides and a bolt rod in the middle, and the bolt rod is arranged in the first mounting hole in a penetrating mode;
the rubber layer wraps the bolt rod and is clamped and embedded in the first mounting hole.
In one embodiment, the base part is provided with a connecting seat, and the first mounting hole is arranged on the connecting seat;
the clamping grooves are formed in the two ends of the swing arm rod respectively, the clamping grooves are sleeved on the connecting seat, and the bolt rod penetrates through the clamping grooves and the first mounting hole.
In one embodiment, the upper carrier comprises:
the second mounting hole is formed in the middle support, and the swing arm part is movably connected to the middle support;
an elastic pad; the elastic pad is connected to one side of the middle bracket, which is far away from the vibration damping assembly;
the floating platform is connected to the elastic pad.
In one embodiment, the elastic support part is a spring, and the spring forms a mounting angle alpha with the surface of the base part, and the mounting angle alpha ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees.
On the other hand, based on the same concept, the present application also proposes a design method of a vibration damping device, applied to the vibration damping device as described above, wherein the design method comprises the steps of:
according to the preset excitation frequency, calculating the range of the system natural frequency matched with the excitation frequency, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein f is 1 Is a predetermined excitation frequency, f 2 Is the system natural frequency;
calculating the rigidity of the elastic supporting part according to the natural frequency of the system, the mass of the floating platform, the number of the elastic supporting parts and the installation angle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, K 2 Is the stiffness of the resilient support, M is the mass of the floating platform, M is the number of resilient supports, f 2 Is the natural frequency of the system, alpha is the installation angle, and the range of alpha is 30-60 degrees;
the length of the swing arm part is determined according to the length of the base part, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, L is the length of the swing arm, and a is the preset length of the base part in the first preset direction;
when the base part is vibrated to generate a Z-direction displacement Dz (t) in the height direction, the swing arm part generates a Y-direction displacement in a first preset direction, and the swing arm part generates a rotation motion by taking a connecting point of the swing arm part in the second mounting hole as a fulcrum, and the height-direction displacement generated by the swing arm part in the first mounting hole is D z (t) calculating the displacement D of the swing arm part in the first preset direction y The calculation formula is as follows:
by displacement D of the pendulum arm in a first predetermined direction y， Calculating the lateral clearance zeta of the swing arm part in the first mounting hole, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
in one embodiment, the step of calculating the stiffness of the elastic support part according to the natural frequency of the system, the mass of the floating platform, the number of the elastic support parts, and the installation angle specifically includes:
calculating the rigidity K of the elastic pad while setting the static maximum compression amount of the elastic pad to 5mm 1 Wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M is the mass of the floating platform, n is the number of the elastic pads, and g is 9.8.
In the rigidity design process of the rubber elastic pad: in order to ensure that the rubber elastic pad does not have the problem of fatigue failure in the working process, the static maximum compression amount of the rubber elastic pad is required to be not more than 5mm; on the premise of meeting the reliability, in order to ensure that the vibration isolation performance is optimal, the rubber elastic cushion is designed to be as soft as possible; therefore, the rigidity of the rubber elastic pad is designed according to the maximum static compression amount of 5mm.
Through the system natural frequency f 2 And calculating to obtain the equivalent stiffness K' of the system according to the relation with the mass M of the floating platform, wherein the formula is as follows:
K'＝f 2 2 ·M；
through the series connection damping system formed by the elastic supporting part and the elastic cushion group, the equivalent stiffness of the system is obtained through calculation, wherein the formula is as follows:
thus obtaining
According to the rigidity K of the elastic cushion 1 And calculating the rigidity of the elastic supporting part.
In one embodiment, the number of the swing arm parts is 4, and the length of the swing arm parts is 320mm;
the number of the elastic support parts is 4, and the installation angle alpha is 60 degrees.
The application provides a vibration damping device of vibration and displacement control and design method's beneficial effect lies in at least: the base part is arranged on the vibration source, and the upper bearing part is used for bearing the target device, so that the target device is damped under the action of the damping assembly. When the base part receives vibration, the swing arm parts of the vibration reduction assemblies on the two sides move oppositely or back to each other in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and elastic buffering is performed through the elastic supporting parts arranged obliquely in the moving process, so that vibration reduction is realized. Because the pendulum arm portion slope sets up, transmits through the pendulum arm portion the vibration displacement of vertical direction, because the pendulum arm portion slides along first predetermined direction, leads to the vibration displacement that the pendulum arm portion carried out the transmission to diminish to the vibration displacement that the vibration transmitted on the last bearing part diminishes. In the vibration process, the elastic supporting part connected to the swing arm part not only performs elastic buffering, but also is obliquely arranged, so under the action of a component in the vertical direction, the vibration pressure applied to the elastic supporting part is small, and the elastic supporting part is not easy to fatigue and lose efficacy. Therefore, by adopting the vibration damper, the vibration displacement of the upper bearing part in the vertical direction can be well controlled in the aspect of medium and low frequency (10 Hz-100 Hz) vibration, and the elastic supporting part is not easy to fatigue and lose efficacy.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a resilient bushing of a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a front view of a vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the base and floating platform displacements at 10Hz excitation for a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of base and floating platform acceleration versus 10Hz excitation for a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of base and floating platform displacement versus excitation at 100Hz for a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of base and floating platform acceleration versus 100Hz excitation for a vibration and displacement controlled damping device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a graph of the vibration isolation rate of a vibration and displacement controlled damping apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:
100. a base part; 110. a first mounting hole; 120. a connecting seat; 200. an upper bearing part; 210. a second mounting hole; 220. a middle support; 230. an elastic pad; 240. a floating platform; 300. a vibration reduction assembly; 310. a swing arm part; 311. a swing arm lever; 312. an elastic bushing; 313. a bolt shank; 314. a rubber layer; 320. an elastic support part.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly secured to the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positions based on the orientations or positions shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description only and not to be construed as limiting the technical solution. The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. The meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a vibration damping device for controlling vibration and displacement, which includes: a base part 100, an upper bearing part 200, and at least two vibration damping assemblies 300; referring to fig. 1 and 2, at least two first mounting holes 110 are disposed on the base portion 100, the two first mounting holes 110 are disposed at intervals along a first predetermined direction, the first mounting holes 110 extend along the first predetermined direction, a left-right direction of the base portion 100 when the base portion is vertically disposed is the first predetermined direction, and a vertical direction is an up-down direction. Specifically, the first mounting holes 110 are waist-shaped holes extending in the left-right direction, and the two first mounting holes 110 are respectively disposed at two ends in the left-right direction. At least two second mounting holes 210 are formed in the upper bearing part 200, the two second mounting holes 210 are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the second mounting holes 210 extend along the first preset direction; specifically, the second mounting holes 210 are kidney-shaped holes extending in the left-right direction, the two second mounting holes 210 and the first mounting holes 110 are respectively disposed correspondingly but not at the same position in the left-right direction, and a distance between the first mounting holes 110 on the left and right sides is smaller than a distance between the second mounting holes 210 on the left and right sides. The two vibration damping assemblies 300 are arranged in a mirror symmetry manner and are respectively connected with the base part 100 and the upper bearing part 200, and the upper bearing part 200 is supported by the vibration damping assemblies 300 on the left side and the right side. The damping assembly 300 specifically includes: a swing arm part 310, and an elastic support part 320. One end of the swing arm portion 310 is movably disposed in the first mounting hole 110 along the first predetermined direction, and the other end is movably disposed in the second mounting hole 210 along the first predetermined direction, so that the swing arm portion 310 is connected up and down, so that the swing arm portion 310 is obliquely connected between the base portion 100 and the upper carrying portion 200. The first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210 only limit the vertical direction of the swing arm part 310, so that the swing arm part 310 can move in the left-right direction; one end of the elastic support part 320 is connected to the base part 100, the other end is connected to the swing arm part 310, a preset installation angle α is formed between the elastic support part 320 and the base part 100, the installation angle α is an acute angle, so that the elastic support part 320 is obliquely arranged on the base part 100, the elastic support part 320 is obliquely stressed in the elastic damping process, and after the elastic support part 320 is combined with the obliquely arranged swing arm part 310, the middle and low frequency (10 Hz-100 Hz) vibration has a remarkable damping effect. The elastic support 320 in this embodiment is a spring, and the attachment angle α between the spring and the upper surface of the base portion 100 ranges from 30 ° to 60 °.
In the above structure, the base part 100 is disposed on the vibration source, and the upper bearing part 200 is used for bearing the target device, so that the target device is damped by the damping module 300. When the base part 100 receives vibration, the swing arm parts 310 of the vibration damping assemblies 300 on both sides move in the first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210 in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, and the elastic support parts 320 arranged obliquely perform elastic buffering in the moving process, so that vibration damping is realized. Since the swing arm portion 310 is disposed in an inclined manner, the vibration displacement in the vertical direction is transmitted through the swing arm portion 310, and the vibration displacement transmitted by the swing arm portion 310 is reduced due to the sliding movement of the swing arm portion 310 in the first preset direction, so that the vibration displacement transmitted to the upper carrying portion 200 is reduced. In the vibration process, the elastic support 320 connected to the swing arm 310 not only performs elastic buffering, but also is inclined so that the elastic support 320 is less subjected to vibration pressure under the action of a vertical component, and thus the elastic support 320 is less prone to fatigue failure. Therefore, by adopting the vibration damper, the vibration displacement of the upper bearing part 200 in the vertical direction can be well controlled in the aspect of medium-low frequency (10 Hz-100 Hz) vibration, and the elastic supporting part 320 is not easy to fatigue and lose efficacy.
Please refer to fig. 1 and 2; since the left and right vibration damping modules 300 have the same structure, the structure of one vibration damping module 300 will be described as an example. The swing arm portion 310 in this embodiment specifically includes: a swing arm lever 311 and an elastic bush 312. The elastic bushings 312 are connected to both ends of the swing arm lever 311, and the swing arm lever 311 is respectively connected to the first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210 through the elastic bushings 312 at both ends. Elastic bushings 312 at two ends are respectively arranged in the first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210 in a penetrating manner, when vibrating, the swing arm rod 311 can move along the left-right direction under the action of vibration, so that the swing arm rod can collide with the inner walls of the first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210 in the left-right direction, the vibration of the whole system can be aggravated by the collision, the elastic bushings 312 are increased, elastic buffering is performed on the collision of the swing arm rod 311 in the first mounting hole 110 and the second mounting hole 210, and the vibration of the system can be further reduced.
Please refer to fig. 1, fig. 2; the swing arm lever 311 in this embodiment is located in a direction of the base portion 100 toward the upper bearing portion 200 and gradually extends obliquely outward. That is, a vertical center line of the base part 100, which extends in the up-down direction, is a line of symmetry of the vibration damping modules 300 on the left and right sides. The distance from the upper end of the swing arm 311 to the vertical center line is greater than the distance from the lower end of the swing arm 311 to the vertical center line, so that the swing arm 311 on both sides is opened toward the left and right sides along the direction from bottom to top. This forms a stable support for the upper bearing part 200 by the swing arm lever 311 being inclined toward the outside.
Since the elastic bushes 312 at the upper and lower ends have the same structure, the structure of the elastic bush 312 at the lower end will be described as an example. Please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3; the elastic bush 312 in this embodiment specifically includes: bolts, and a rubber layer 314. The bolt is provided with two side stoppers and a middle bolt rod 313, the bolt rod 313 penetrates through the first mounting hole 110, the bolt rod 313 is limited in the first mounting hole 110 through the two side stoppers, and the bolt rod 313 slides stably in the first mounting hole 110. The rubber layer 314 wraps the bolt rod 313 and is embedded in the first mounting hole 110 in a clamping mode; specifically, rubber vulcanization forms a rubber layer 314 on the bolt shaft 313, and a lateral clearance exists between the rubber layer 314 and the left-right inner wall of the first mounting hole 110. The rubber layer 314 abuts against the upper inner wall and the lower inner wall of the first mounting hole 110 in the vertical direction respectively, the elastic bushing 312 is limited in the vertical direction through the first mounting hole 110, the elastic bushing 312 performs buffering in the vertical direction in the vibration process, vibration damping buffering is also realized in the vertical direction, and the vibration damping effect of the system is enhanced. The rubber layer 314 has a lateral gap between the left and right direction and the inner wall of the first mounting hole 110, and the gap allows the elastic bushing 312 to slide in the first mounting hole 110, so that the upper bearing part 200 can slightly move up and down during vibration, rather than synchronously move up and down with the base part 100 under the vibration, thereby achieving a vibration damping effect.
Please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3; the base portion 100 in this embodiment is provided with a connecting seat 120, and the first mounting hole 110 is provided on the connecting seat 120; clamping grooves are formed in two ends of the swing arm rod 311 respectively, the clamping grooves are sleeved on the connecting seat 120, and the bolt rod 313 penetrates through the clamping grooves and the first mounting hole 110. Realize the installation through connecting seat 120, make connection structure simple, establish with connecting seat 120 cover through the draw-in groove and be connected, stable in structure is difficult for becoming invalid.
Please refer to fig. 1 and 2; the upper supporting portion 200 in this embodiment specifically includes: a middle bracket 220, a resilient pad 230, and a floating platform 240. The second mounting holes 210 are formed in the middle support 220, the middle support 220 is divided into two parts and respectively disposed at the left and right sides, the second mounting holes 210 are respectively disposed on the middle supports 220 at both sides, and the elastic bushing 312 at the upper end of the swing arm 310 penetrates through the second mounting holes 210 and movably connects the swing arm 310 to the middle support 220. A resilient pad 230 is attached to the side of the intermediate bracket 220 facing away from the vibration damping module 300 and a floating platform 240 is attached to the resilient pad 230. The elastic pad 230 adopts the rubber pad among the concrete structure, and the rubber pad has certain elasticity, connects elastic pad 230 between middle support 220 and floating platform 240 to carry out the shock attenuation to floating platform 240 in the upper and lower direction, when base portion 100 received great vibration, after the primary damping through damping subassembly 300, the secondary damping of rethread elastic pad 230, thereby make the shock-absorbing capacity of whole device stronger.
In one embodiment of the present embodiment, the number of the swing arm portions 310 is 4, and the length thereof is 320mm; the number of the elastic supports 320 is 4, that is, two vibration damping units 300 are provided in the front-rear direction, so that the swing arm unit 310 and the elastic supports 320 are provided in the front-rear, left-right direction of the base unit 100, and thus the support of the upper bearing unit 200 is more stable.
Example two
Based on the same concept, the present application also proposes a design method of a vibration damping device, applied to the vibration damping device as described above, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
step S100, according to a preset excitation frequency, calculating a range of a system natural frequency matched with the preset excitation frequency, wherein a calculation formula is as follows:
wherein f is 1 Is presetExcitation frequency of f 2 Is the system natural frequency.
Known excitation frequency f 1 The natural frequency of the vibration isolation system formed by the vibration damping device is f 2 The value range of (a) is determined according to the formula (1).
Step S200, calculating the rigidity of the elastic supporting parts according to the natural frequency of the system, the mass of the floating platform, the number of the elastic supporting parts and the installation angle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, K 2 Is the stiffness of the resilient support, M is the mass of the floating platform, M is the number of resilient supports, f 2 Is the natural frequency of the system, alpha is the installation angle, and the range of alpha is 30-60 degrees.
The above formula (2) can be derived according to the following steps.
The step S200 specifically includes:
calculating the rigidity K of the elastic pad while setting the static maximum compression amount of the elastic pad to 5mm 1 Wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M is the mass of the floating platform, n is the number of the elastic pads, and g is 9.8;
the elastic cushion is a rubber elastic cushion, and the process is the rigidity design of the elastic cushion: in order to ensure that the elastic cushion does not have the problem of fatigue failure in the working process, the static maximum compression amount of the elastic cushion is required to be not more than 5mm; on the premise of meeting the reliability, in order to ensure that the vibration isolation performance is optimal, the elastic cushion is designed to be as soft as possible; therefore, the stiffness of the elastic pad is designed according to the static maximum compression of 5mm; the rigidity of the elastic cushion can be calculated according to the formula (3).
Through the system natural frequency f 2 Calculating the relation with the mass M of the floating platform to obtain the equivalent stiffness of the systemK', wherein the formula is:
K'＝f 2 2 ·M； (4)
the elastic support part and the elastic cushion group form a series vibration reduction system, and the equivalent stiffness of the system is obtained through calculation, specifically, the stiffness of a single elastic cushion is K 1 The rigidity of the single elastic supporting part is K 2 The mass of the floating platform is M, the included angle between the elastic supporting part and the horizontal plane is alpha, the number of the elastic cushions is n, and the number of the elastic supporting parts is M. The equivalent stiffness of the vibration isolation system is determined according to equation (5), where the equation is:
therefore, the formula (4) and the formula (5) are connected in an equation,
obtaining:
according to the rigidity K of the elastic cushion 1 The following equation (6) is substituted with equation (3). The above formula is simplified, so that the rigidity K of the elastic supporting part can be obtained 2 。
Step S300, determining the length of the swing arm part according to the length of the base part, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
please refer to fig. 4; l is the length of the swing arm, and a is the preset length of the base part in the first preset direction;
step S400, please refer to fig. 4; when the base part is vibrated to generate a Z-direction displacement Dz (t) in the height direction, the swing arm part generates a Y-direction displacement in a first preset direction, and the swing arm part generates a rotation motion by taking a connecting point of the swing arm part in the second mounting hole as a fulcrum, and the height-direction displacement generated by the swing arm part in the first mounting hole is D z (t) calculating the displacement D of the swing arm in the first preset direction y The calculation formula is as follows:
step S500, displacement D of the swing arm part in a first preset direction y And calculating the lateral clearance zeta of the swing arm part in the first mounting hole, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
the mounting angle alpha is 60 deg.
The vibration damping device will be described in detail after setting specific parameters. The natural frequency of a system formed by the designed vibration damper is 6Hz, the length of each of the 4 swing arms is 320mm, the number of the elastic supporting parts (springs) is 4, the installation angle alpha is 60 degrees, and the lateral clearance between the rubber layer and the first installation hole (the second installation hole) is 5mm. A displacement excitation of 10Hz to 100Hz was applied to the base part, with 10Hz amplitude of 10mm and 100Hz amplitude of 1mm.
As a result of comparing the displacements of the base portion and the floating platform under the excitation of 10Hz, as shown in FIG. 5, the maximum displacement of the base portion was 10mm, the maximum displacement of the floating platform was 1.45mm, and the attenuation rate of the displacement was 85.5%. The results of comparison of vibration acceleration of the base section and the floating platform under 10Hz excitation are shown in fig. 6, where the maximum acceleration of the base section is 4.88g, the maximum acceleration of the floating platform is 0.24g, and the damping rate of vibration acceleration is 95.1%.
As a result of comparing the displacement of the base portion and the floating platform under 100Hz excitation, as shown in FIG. 7, the maximum displacement of the base portion was 1mm, the maximum displacement of the floating platform was 0.05mm, and the attenuation rate of the displacement was 95.0%. As a result of comparing the vibration acceleration of the base section and the floating platform under the excitation of 100Hz, the maximum acceleration of the base section was 36.5g, the maximum acceleration of the floating platform was 0.32g, and the damping rate of the vibration acceleration was 99.1%, as shown in FIG. 8.
The vibration isolation rate of the vibration damping device in the range of 10Hz to 100Hz is shown in FIG. 9, and the vibration isolation rate is greater than 95% in the whole frequency range; when the vibration exciting frequency is more than 30Hz, the vibration isolation rate is more than 99 percent.
To sum up, the present application provides a vibration damping device for vibration and displacement control and a design method thereof, wherein: the base part is arranged on the vibration source, and the upper bearing part is used for bearing the target device, so that the target device is damped under the action of the damping assembly. When the base part receives vibration, the swing arm parts of the vibration reduction assemblies on the two sides move oppositely or back to each other in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and elastic buffering is performed through the elastic supporting parts arranged obliquely in the moving process, so that vibration reduction is realized. The vibration isolation rate of the vibration damping device is more than 95% in the range of 10 Hz-100 Hz, and when the vibration excitation frequency is more than 30Hz, the vibration isolation rate is more than 99%.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device, comprising:
a base part; the base part is provided with at least two first mounting holes which are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the first mounting holes extend along the first preset direction;
the upper bearing part is provided with at least two second mounting holes which are arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, and the second mounting holes extend along the first preset direction;
the two vibration reduction assemblies are arranged in a mirror symmetry mode and are respectively connected with the base part and the upper bearing part;
the vibration damping assembly includes:
one end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the first mounting hole along a first preset direction, and the other end of the swing arm part is movably arranged in the second mounting hole along the first preset direction;
and one end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the base part, the other end of the elastic supporting part is connected to the swing arm part, and a preset installation angle is formed between the elastic supporting part and the base part.
2. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 1, wherein said pendulum arm portion comprises:
a swing arm lever;
the elastic bushing is connected to the two ends of the swing arm rod, and the swing arm rod is connected with the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole through the elastic bushing at the two ends respectively.
3. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 2, wherein said swing arm lever is located in a direction of said base portion toward said upper bearing portion and extends gradually obliquely outward.
4. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 2, wherein said elastomeric bushing includes:
the bolt is provided with stop blocks at two sides and a bolt rod in the middle, and the bolt rod is arranged in the first mounting hole in a penetrating mode;
the rubber layer wraps the bolt rod and is embedded in the first mounting hole in a clamping mode.
5. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 4, wherein said base portion is provided with a coupling seat, said first mounting hole being provided in said coupling seat;
clamping grooves are formed in two ends of the swing arm rod respectively, the clamping grooves are sleeved on the connecting seat, and the bolt rod penetrates through the clamping grooves and the first mounting hole.
6. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 4, wherein said upper carrier portion comprises:
the second mounting hole is formed in the middle support, and the swing arm part is movably connected to the middle support;
an elastic pad; the elastic pad is connected to one side, away from the vibration damping assembly, of the middle support;
the floating platform is connected to the elastic pad.
7. A vibration and displacement controlled damping device as defined in claim 1, wherein said resilient support is a spring, said spring forming an attachment angle α with the surface of the base portion, said attachment angle α being in the range of 30 ° to 60 °.
8. A method of designing a vibration damping device, which is applied to the vibration damping device according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
according to the preset excitation frequency, calculating the range of the system natural frequency matched with the preset excitation frequency, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein f is 1 Is a predetermined excitation frequency, f 2 Is the system natural frequency;
calculating the rigidity of the elastic supporting part according to the natural frequency of the system, the mass of the floating platform, the number of the elastic supporting parts and the installation angle, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, K 2 Is the stiffness of the resilient support, M is the mass of the floating platform, M is the number of resilient supports, f 2 Is the natural frequency of the system, alpha is the installation angle, and the range of alpha is 30-60 degrees;
the length of the swing arm part is determined according to the length of the base part, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, L is the length of the swing arm, and a is the preset length of the base part in the first preset direction;
when the base part is vibrated to generate a Z-direction displacement Dz (t) in the height direction, the swing arm part generates a Y-direction displacement in a first preset direction, and the swing arm part generates a rotation motion by taking a connecting point of the swing arm part in the second mounting hole as a fulcrum, and the height-direction displacement generated by the swing arm part in the first mounting hole is D z (t) calculating the displacement D of the swing arm part in the first preset direction y The calculation formula is as follows:
by displacement D of the pendulum arm part in a first predetermined direction y， Calculating the lateral clearance zeta of the swing arm part in the first mounting hole, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
9. the method of designing a vibration damping device according to claim 8, wherein the step of calculating the stiffness of the resilient support according to the system natural frequency, the mass of the floating platform, the number of the resilient supports, and the installation angle specifically comprises:
calculating the rigidity K of the elastic pad while setting the static maximum compression amount of the elastic pad to 5mm 1 Wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein M is the mass of the floating platform, n is the number of the elastic pads, and g is 9.8;
by the natural frequency f of the system 2 The relation with the mass M of the floating platform, a system obtained by calculation and the likeEffective stiffness K', where the formula is:
K'＝f 2 2 ·M；
through the series damping system formed by the elastic supporting part and the elastic cushion group, the equivalent stiffness of the system is obtained by calculation, wherein the formula is as follows:
thus, obtaining
/>
According to the rigidity K of the elastic cushion 1 And calculating the rigidity of the elastic supporting part.
10. The method of designing a vibration damping device according to claim 8, wherein 4 pendulum arm portions are provided, and the length thereof is 320mm;
the number of the elastic supporting parts is 4, and the installation angle alpha of the elastic supporting parts is 60 degrees.
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| CN1068632A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1993-02-03 | H·尼尔·佩顿 | composite elastomeric spring and fixing device |
| CN1104782A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-07-05 | 戴泽墩 | Method and apparatus for isolating vibration |
| JP2000130493A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-12 | Denso Corp | Fitting structure for damping force controlling actuator |
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