CN115943169A - 交联共聚物、制备方法和包含所述共聚物的印刷浆料 - Google Patents
交联共聚物、制备方法和包含所述共聚物的印刷浆料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115943169A CN115943169A CN202180044357.8A CN202180044357A CN115943169A CN 115943169 A CN115943169 A CN 115943169A CN 202180044357 A CN202180044357 A CN 202180044357A CN 115943169 A CN115943169 A CN 115943169A
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- Prior art keywords
- crosslinked copolymer
- monomer
- carboxylic acid
- printing
- copolymer
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 75
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- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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Abstract
本发明涉及通过至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体、至少一种疏水性单体和至少一种交联剂的沉淀聚合获得的交联共聚物。该共聚物的主要特征在于,在沉淀聚合之前羧酸官能团的30%至90%是成盐形式,用于沉淀聚合的溶剂由至少一种包含1至4个碳原子的醇组成,并且该共聚物在不存在水溶性非离子单体的情况下获得。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及丙烯酸增稠剂领域。更具体地,本发明涉及基于包含羧酸官能团,特别是丙烯酸官能团的单体的交联共聚物。本发明的另一方面涉及制备所述交联共聚物的方法。本发明的另一方面涉及包含该交联共聚物的印刷浆料,以及制备这样的印刷浆料的方法。
背景技术
专利US4722958描述了一种制备丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸/甲基丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物的方法,其中酸官能团在聚合步骤之前被完全中和,即呈成盐形式。一旦聚合完成,丙烯酰胺的存在使得共聚物沉淀。然而,这些聚合物的缺点是含有丙烯酰胺,这会降低最终聚合物的阴离子电荷及其增稠性能。此外,这些聚合物的制备需要处理对健康有害且引入氮官能团的单体,其在纺织厂废水中的存在越来越受到管制和限制。此外,在沉淀聚合的情况下,丙烯酰胺必须以其纯粉末形式使用,这使得处理复杂且有风险。
专利US6696508描述了基于通过沉淀聚合(缩写PPP)获得的丙烯酸聚合物并在天然溶剂中配制成油性分散体的制剂。在使用过程中,这些丙烯酸的聚合物或共聚物是未中和的形式,且必须通过在液体制剂中加入碱来中和。在这种情况下,通过在分散体中用氨鼓泡来中和丙烯酸聚合物。因此,该操作是一个复杂的附加步骤,需要时间和适合于该特定方法类型的工业手段。在使用除氨以外的碱(例如碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐)来调节制剂的pH的情况下,由于所用碱的沉淀或数天后由于聚丙烯酸官能团的中和而释放出二氧化碳,而产生稳定性问题。
文献EP0161038描述了一种制备疏水性或水溶胀性聚合物的方法,该方法实施了中和阴离子单体的羧酸官能团的步骤。该方法通过在烃溶剂中由包含游离酸官能团和成盐酸官能团的不饱和酸单体和交联剂反相乳液聚合来进行。
此外,在用基于丙烯酸的印刷浆料印刷纺织品材料的过程中,有时在印刷的纺织品材料的表面观察到白色遮盖物的隐现。这个问题是本领域技术人员所熟知的,被称为结冰或“结霜”,是由于在印刷过程中印刷浆料在纺织品材料表面的保持力不足。纺织品的纱线顶部,或者例如在地毯的情况下刷毛的顶部,不再被彩色浆料覆盖并保持白色,这产生了这种不期望的表面效果。
本发明允许克服现有技术的缺点。具体地,本发明旨在在不使用丙烯酰胺的情况下制备交联共聚物,同时与现有技术相比保持甚至改善该共聚物的增稠特性。
发明内容
根据第一方面,本发明涉及一种通过至少以下的沉淀聚合而获得的交联共聚物:
-60mol%至99.8mol%的至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体,
-0.1mol%至20mol%的至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体,R2R3C=CR1X,
其中:
*R1、R2和R3彼此独立地是氢原子或甲基,
*X是基团C(=O)-O-Y或CH2-C(=O)-O-Y,
其中Y是包含3-30个碳原子、包含3-30个选自O、N和S的杂原子的饱和的或不饱和的、直链的、支链的或环状的、可选地为芳族的烃基,
-1×10-9mol%至2mol%的至少一种交联剂。
该交联共聚物的主要特征在于,在沉淀聚合之前,阴离子单体的羧酸官能团的30%至90%被中和,即是成盐形式,并且用于沉淀聚合的溶剂由至少一种包含1至4个碳原子的醇组成,并且该交联共聚物在不存在水溶性非离子单体的情况下获得。
所有的摩尔百分比都相对于包括交联剂的单体的总摩尔数来表示。
根据一个实施方案,包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体、式(I)的疏水性单体和交联剂的摩尔百分比总和等于100mol%。
本发明共聚物的特征的结合(即(1)存在60mol%至99.8mol%的包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体,(2)存在0.1mol%至20mol%的式(I)的疏水性单体,(3)沉淀聚合,(4)在聚合之前中和阴离子单体的羧酸官能团的30%至90%,和(5)使用包含1至4个碳原子的醇)产生了协同效应,其允许获得具有至少与现有技术共聚物相当的增稠特性的交联共聚物,同时无需丙烯酰胺。
此外,当本发明的共聚物用于印刷浆料中以进行纺织品材料的印刷时,其具有避免结冰现象的优点。
根据一个实施方案,本发明的交联共聚物在交联剂存在下,仅通过以下单体的沉淀聚合而获得:60mol%至99.8mol%的所述至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体,和0.1mol%至20mol%的所述至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体。换句话说,根据该实施方案,获得的交联共聚物仅包含阴离子单体和式(I)的疏水性单体作为组成单体。本领域技术人员将知道如何调节这两种单体的摩尔百分比,以相对于单体和交联剂的总摩尔数达到100%。
有利地,根据本发明的交联共聚物不包含任何不同于包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体的另外的阴离子单体。换句话说,根据本发明的交联共聚物包含阴离子电荷,有利地,该电荷仅来源于包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体。
在本文中,术语“水溶性”是指当化合物(特别是单体)在25℃下搅拌4小时下以20g.L-1的浓度加入去离子水中时,形成没有不溶性颗粒的水溶液。
相反,“疏水性”化合物是不溶于水的。因此,当它以20g.L-1的浓度以固体形式加入去离子水中并在25℃下搅拌4小时,形成沉淀。
溶剂介质中的沉淀聚合包括可溶性单体在溶剂中的聚合,而获得的共聚物是不溶的,因此沉淀在溶剂中。这种类型聚合的可行性可以任选地通过赋予适合于分散介质的流动性的特定表面活性剂(tensioactive agents)(或表面活性剂(surfactants))的存在来确保。
根据一个实施方案,共聚物由至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体、至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体、至少一种阳离子单体和至少一种交联剂获得。
优选地,包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸、巴豆酸、马来酸和富马酸。丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸是最优选的,尤其是丙烯酸。
该共聚物包含60至99.8mol%(摩尔百分比)的至少一种阴离子羧酸单体,优选78至99.8mol%,更优选85至99.8mol%,甚至更优选88至99.8mol%。
根据一个实施方案,阴离子单体的羧酸官能团被成盐剂(也称为中和剂)成盐。如已经指出的,共聚物的羧酸官能团的30%至90mol%被中和,更有利地为40%至90%。成盐在沉淀聚合之前进行。当然,这是中和的C(=O)OH官能团的数量相对于聚合开始前存在的单体的C(=O)OH官能团总数的百分比。
疏水性单体具有式(I):
其中:
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地是氢原子或甲基,
X是C(=O)-O-Y基团,
其中Y有利地是包含15至25个碳原子的饱和或不饱和、直链或支链的烃基。
根据一个特定的实施方案,疏水性单体具有式(I),其中:
R1是甲基,R2和R3是氢原子,
X是C(=O)-O-Y基团,
其中Y是18个碳原子的直链烷基链(C18H37)。
优选地,该共聚物包含0.1至13mol%,更优选0.1至10mol%的式(I)单体。
任选地,该共聚物可以包含一种或多种阳离子单体。特别地,阳离子单体可以选自具有季铵官能团的丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸、乙烯基、烯丙基或马来酸类型的单体。特别是但不限制于,可以提及季铵化的丙烯酸二甲胺基乙酯(DMAEA);季铵化的甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DEAEMA);二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵(DADMAC);丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵(APTAC);和甲基丙烯酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵(MAPTAC)。
更优选地,根据本发明的共聚物在不存在水溶性非离子单体的情况下获得,所述水溶性非离子单体选自丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺;N-异丙基丙烯酰胺;N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺;N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺;N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺;N-乙烯基甲酰胺;N-乙烯基乙酰胺;N-乙烯基吡啶;N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮;丙烯酰吗啉和双丙酮丙烯酰胺。
该共聚物是在至少一种交联剂的存在下制备的。优选地,交联剂选自包含多烯键式不饱和单体(具有至少两个不饱和官能团)的基团,例如乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯酸和环氧官能团,这些官能团尤其存在于亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)或三烯丙基胺中,或者通过大分子引发剂例如聚过氧化物、聚偶氮化合物以及聚转移剂例如聚捕捉剂聚合物。
任选地,交联共聚物在至少一种链转移剂的存在下制备,所述链转移剂优选选自包含磷酸类型(例如次磷酸钠),醇(例如甲醇或异丙醇),基于硫醇(例如2-巯基乙醇),以及前述试剂的混合物的链转移剂的组。
优选地,用于沉淀聚合的溶剂是包含1至4个碳的醇。有利地,它选自甲醇、乙醇、丙-1-醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇或其混合物。优选地,使用的溶剂是叔丁醇。
根据一个特定的实施方案,聚合可以在水的存在下进行。溶剂可以包含至高10重量%的水,优选至高5重量%的水。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及通过沉淀聚合制备如上所述的共聚物的方法。该方法的主要特征在于包括以下步骤:
-制备包含至少一种溶剂和5重量%至35重量%的至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体的反应介质,
-通过加入成盐剂,使包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体的羧酸官能团的30mol%至90mol%成盐,
-在反应介质中引入0.01重量%至20重量%的至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体和1×10-6重量%至2重量%的至少一种交联剂,
-聚合包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体和式(I)的疏水性单体,以获得共聚物。
上述质量百分比(即5重量%至35重量%的至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体,0.01重量%至20重量%的至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体,和1×10-6重量%至2重量%的至少一种交联剂)是相对于最终反应介质表示的,所述最终反应介质包含含有至少一个羧酸官能团的单体、式(I)的疏水性单体、交联剂和溶剂。
根据本发明,单体和交联剂有利地占(最终)反应介质的至多36重量%,优选至多31重量%,更优选至多25重量%。
一旦反应完成,获得的共聚物在反应介质中形成沉淀。
优选地,一旦聚合完成,就从反应介质中分离出共聚物。
反应介质中包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体的浓度相对于反应介质优选为5重量%至30重量%。
反应介质中式(I)的疏水性单体的浓度相对于反应介质优选为0.01重量%至15重量%。
反应介质中交联剂的浓度相对于(最终)反应介质优选为1×10-6重量%至1.5重量%。
通过引入自由基引发剂来引发聚合反应。作为自由基引发剂实例,可以提及氧化剂-还原剂对,其中氧化剂为过氧化氢异丙苯或叔丁基羟基过氧化物,其中还原剂为过硫酸盐,例如偏亚硫酸氢钠和莫尔盐。也可以使用偶氮化合物,例如2,2’-偶氮双(异丁腈)和2,2’-偶氮二(2-脒基丙烷)盐酸盐。
一旦聚合完成,共聚物以沉淀的形式出现在反应介质中。通常,它由白色沉淀组成。使用通常的分离、蒸发和干燥方法可以很容易地将其分离出来。可以通过过滤或蒸馏除去溶剂。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及包含至少一种如上所述的共聚物的印刷浆料。
优选地,这种印刷浆料是颜料印刷浆料或固洗印刷浆料,用于将颜料或染料分别施加到纺织品材料上。
优选地,印刷浆料包含至少一种染料(固洗(fixed-washed)印刷浆料)或至少一种颜料(颜料印刷浆料)。
优选地,印刷浆料中共聚物的量相对于印刷浆料的重量为0.1重量%至5重量%,更有利地为1重量%至5重量%。
印刷浆料中可以存在其它组分,例如:酸、碱和/或天然或合成盐,以将pH值调节至期望值;阴离子、非离子或阳离子表面活性剂;消泡剂和防冻剂;分散剂;疏水性胶乳/粘合剂;定型剂;多羟基化合物;羟基化合物和异氰酸酯的反应产物;由对苯二甲酸和一种或多种聚乙二醇反应制备的聚酯。这些组分通常用于或推荐用于纺织品印刷或整理。
该共聚物可以粉末形式或分散体形式使用。通过将获得的粉末引入到有机油中获得分散体形式。
有机油可以是植物、动物或矿物来源的。这种油的化学成分可以是酯、脂肪酸、直链或支链烷烃链、石蜡衍生物,或者它可以是这些油中几种的混合物。
优选地,有机油的闪点高于50℃(有利地低于400℃),熔点低于15℃(有利地高于-100℃)。
除了有机油之外,还可以使用一种或多种具有较高熔点的蜡,有利地相对于分散体的重量为0重量%至20重量%。使用这种类型的蜡可以通过增加介质的粘度来改善分散体的稳定性。
该分散体可以包含至少一种HLB(亲水亲油平衡)为1-6的油包水表面活性剂,以稳定分散体并改善共聚物在油中的分散。
根据Griffin方法(Classification of Surface-Active Agents by HLB,Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 1(1949):311)确定HLB值。
优选地,油包水表面活性剂选自由甘油、二甘油或三甘油型的醇或糖类的醇(例如麦芽酚或山梨醇)制备的酯。这些多元醇可以进行单酯化,例如山梨醇酐单油酸酯,或进行多酯化。优选地,使用脱水山梨糖醇酯。
分散体还可以包含至少一种HLB大于或等于7的水包油表面活性剂,以使分散体能够在水中稀释后释放共聚物。
优选地,水包油表面活性剂选自乙氧基化脂肪醇型醚、糖或多元醇酯或甜菜碱。优选地,使用乙氧基化醇。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及一种使用包含至少一种如上所述的共聚物的印刷浆料来印刷纺织品材料的方法。该方法包括以下步骤:
-通过混合至少一种如前所述的交联共聚物和至少一种染料或至少一种颜料来制备印刷浆料,
-将印刷浆料施加在纺织品材料上。
根据一个实施方案,待印刷的纺织品材料有利地由天然或合成的聚酰胺、聚胺、聚丙烯、聚酯、丝、羊毛、黏胶、人造丝、棉或羊毛/聚酰胺混合物制成。优选地,纺织品材料有利地由聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯、羊毛或羊毛/聚酰胺混合物制成。
优选地,该印刷方法在包含纺织品材料的地毯或地毯类型的基底上进行,所述纺织材料优选选自前面描述的那些。
根据本发明的印刷浆料可以使用不同的印刷方法以常规方式施加,例如丝网印刷和数字喷印(喷涂)。
丝网印刷包括使用在框架或丝网中拉伸的网状物施加油墨,使用层或掩模,从而直接在纺织品上产生彩色印刷。
数字喷印包括通过喷墨印刷头在纺织品载体上喷射微滴油墨。
关于数字喷印,可以提及例如Chromojet(zimmer)、Millitron(Milliken)和Atexco(杭州宏华数码科技)。数字喷印与传统数字印刷的不同之处在于,印刷浆料保持在压力下,并以足够的量喷射到基材上,以覆盖并深入渗透基材。
例如,在Zimmer和Atexco技术的情况下,基于压电阀原理的印刷喷嘴打开和关闭,以开始/恢复或停止油墨在纺织品上的沉积。
例如,在Milliken的技术中,喷墨是永久性的,并且或者偏离到基材上以施加颜色,或者偏离到连接到油墨供应的收集器中。上文提到的所有印刷方法都要求印刷浆料具有特定的粘度和流变特性,以获得期望的印刷性能。
数字印刷与丝网印刷的不同之处在于电子控制系统将油墨沉积在基材的特定区域。该系统用于印刷任何类型的材料,例如纸、机织织物或针织织物。
优选地,根据本发明的用于印刷纺织品材料的方法使用数字喷印方法。
下文的实施例说明了本发明的非限制性实施方案。
具体实施方式
通过沉淀聚合制备共聚物(A-O)的方案
将654g纯叔丁醇在反应器中与16.77g水混合,以获得包含97.5重量%的叔丁醇的混合物。之后,向反应器中加入丙烯酸。之后,通过加入气态氨来中和丙烯酸,直到获得6-6.5的pH。一旦达到该pH,加入甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯和MBA(N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)。通过注入氮气在反应器中对制剂进行脱气。之后,加入18.75ppm的HTPO(4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶-N-氧基),并使用恒温浴将反应器的温度保持在70℃。通过加入0.32g V50(2,2’-偶氮双[2-甲基丙脒]二盐酸盐)和0.64g VA044(2,2’-[偶氮双(1-甲基亚乙基)]双[4,5-二氢-1H-咪唑二盐酸盐])引发聚合反应。通常上,在1至8分钟后观察到聚合的引发。将恒温浴调节至90℃持续2小时。
观察到溶剂中存在白色沉淀。这种白色沉淀对应于本发明的共聚物。通过使用旋转蒸发器在700毫巴的减压下用加热至90℃的油蒸馏将共聚物从溶剂中分离出来。然后,将获得的粉末形式的共聚物在70℃的烘箱中放置12小时。
共聚物A至O根据上文的方案制备。调节不同单体的量,以获得下表1中所示的每个实施例的比例
聚合物P的制备
聚合物P根据上文的方案制备,即通过沉淀聚合,但不使用甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯(MAS)。
聚合物Q的制备
聚合物Q根据以下方案通过反相乳液聚合制备。
在磁力搅拌下,将水相的组分装入1L烧杯中:
-310g去离子水
-217g丙烯酸
-168g 30%的氨溶液
-13.33g甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯
-0.696g亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(2400ppm)
然后,在1L玻璃反应器中,在机械搅拌下,用以下制备有机相:
-133.5g石蜡矿物油(celtis 903)
-133.5g脂肪族烃(Isopar L)
-22.5g山梨醇酐单油酸酯。
将水相逐渐转移到有机相中。因此,形成的预乳液然后经受45秒的高剪切(UltraTurrax,IKA)。
然后通过简单的氮气鼓泡将反相乳液脱气30分钟。
在60分钟内,以10mL/h的流速加入含有0.5重量%的焦亚硫酸钠的水溶液和另一种含有0.35重量%的TBHP的溶液。达到最高温度后,将反应混合物的温度保持60分钟,然后冷却。
然后,通过在丙酮中沉淀来分离聚合物。
聚合物R的制备
聚合物R根据用于聚合物Q的方案制备,但不使用甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯(MAS)。
结果如下文表1所示。
表1:测试和特性总结
AA:丙烯酸
ACM:丙烯酰胺
MAS:甲基丙烯酸硬脂酸酯
MBA:相对于单体重量的ppm
*后中和=聚合后中和的丙烯酸
**预中和=聚合前中和的丙烯酸
(a)粘度(mPa/s)是用Brookfield RV模块粘度计以20转/分钟的速度在25℃下在去离子水中以0.5重量%的共聚物测量的。
(b)pH是在25℃下在去离子水中以1重量%的共聚物测量的。
(c)根据沉淀物的出现与否,目测评估沉淀。
(d)对于0.5重量%的聚合物浓度,当在25℃下,在具有300ml水的烧杯中,在500rpm的(三叶)搅拌下,在少于10分钟内完成分散时,则被认为分散是容易的。
如前所述,所有的摩尔百分比都相对于包括交联剂的单体的总摩尔数来表示。表1中所有聚合物的情况也是如此。然而,为了简化结果的读数,单体的浓度值(mol%)四舍五入到百分之一,交联剂的浓度值四舍五入到万分之一。
在丙烯酸100%预中和的情况下,最终pH(pH=7.3)对于地毯印刷应用来说太高,该地毯印刷应用需要优选在5.6至6.5范围内的pH以使染料能够固定。因此,100%中和需要随后的pH调节,以用作印刷浆料增稠剂。
对于所有实施例,相对于(最终)反应介质的总质量,单体和交联剂的总量等于15.5重量%。
印刷浆料制备方案
将498g去离子水和2g酸性黑染料MR 125%(来自Evron染料)加入烧杯中。将整体混合,然后在搅拌下加入作为增稠剂的共聚物,以增稠混合物,形成印刷浆料。确定共聚物的量,以获得2500mPa/s的印刷浆料的最终粘度,该粘度用Brookfield RV模块粘度计在25℃下以20转/分钟的速度测量。
在Chromojet HSV 400型实验室数字印刷系统上,测试由共聚物J至O获得的印刷浆料在给定时间内通过印刷喷嘴的能力。
这种能够转移足够量的印刷浆料的能力决定了在纺织品上印刷图案时获得的颜色水平以及印刷步骤的生产率水平。
为了对每种印刷浆料进行这种测试,要求印刷头连续打开15秒钟,并将转移的印刷浆料收集在收集器中。然后称量在这段时间内转移的印刷浆料的量。
获得的结果如下文表2所示。
表2:使用不同共聚物的应用实例
可以注意到,当聚合前中和率在90%至100%时,转移的印刷浆料的量急剧下降。
然而,如前所述,沉积的印刷浆料的量在这种纺织品印刷应用中是至关重要的,因为它直接影响获得的颜色水平。
因此,基于表2的结果,人们可以注意到,30%至90%的丙烯酸的中和使得转移到纺织品基材上的印刷浆料的量最大化,因此与现有技术相比,改善了印刷方法的质量和生产率。
通过这些结果,可以推断出中和率直接影响共聚物的流变特性。
关于聚合物P(对比例),获得了接近本发明聚合物K至O的转移的浆料的量。然而,在应用时,在印刷纺织品的表面观察到白色遮盖物。这反映了当用基于丙烯酸的印刷浆料印刷纺织品材料时,在本领域技术人员已知的方法中经常观察到的结冰或“结霜”现象。如前所述,这种现象主要是由于印刷过程中印刷浆料在纺织品表面的保持力不足。
此外,人们可以清楚地注意到,通过反相乳液聚合(Q和R聚合物)的合成导致产品消耗更多的聚合物来获得目标粘度,并且导致聚合物显著限制浆料通过印刷喷嘴的转移。特别地,聚合物R对应于本文开头描述的文献EP0161038的实施例2A,其涉及在作为交联剂的MBA存在下通过丙烯酸/丙烯酸铵的反相乳液聚合获得的聚合物,除了丙烯酸/丙烯酸铵的比例为40/60。
前面的实施例证明了本发明共聚物的特征(即(1)-(2)存在所述浓度范围内的阴离子单体和式(I)的疏水性单体,(3)沉淀聚合,(4)在聚合之前中和阴离子单体的羧酸官能团的30%至90%,和(5)使用包含1至4个碳原子的醇)在获得具有至少与现有技术共聚物相当的增稠性能的交联共聚物中的协同作用,同时不含丙烯酰胺,并且没有任何上光现象。
Claims (14)
1.一种交联共聚物,其通过至少以下物质的沉淀聚合来获得:
-60mol%至99.8mol%的至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的阴离子单体,
-0.1mol%至20mol%的至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体,
其中:
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地为氢原子或甲基,
X是基团C(=O)-O-Y或CH2-C(=O)-O-Y,
其中Y是包含3-30个碳原子的、饱和的或不饱和的、直链的、支化的或环状的、可选地是芳族的烃基,并且包含0-4个选自O、N和S的杂原子,
-1*10-9mol%至2mol%的至少一种交联剂,
所述交联共聚物的特征在于,在沉淀聚合之前,阴离子单体的羧酸官能团的30mol%至90mol%是成盐形式的,
用于沉淀聚合的溶剂包含至少一种包含1至4个碳原子的醇,且
所述共聚物在不存在水溶性非离子单体的情况下获得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于所述共聚物在不存在水溶性非离子单体的情况下获得,所述水溶性非离子单体选自丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酰胺、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二甲基丙烯酰胺、N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺、N-乙烯基甲酰胺、N-乙烯基乙酰胺、N-乙烯基吡啶、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮、丙烯酰吗啉和双丙酮丙烯酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体选自丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、衣康酸、巴豆酸、马来酸和富马酸。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体是丙烯酸。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于羧酸官能团用成盐剂成盐,所述成盐剂选自氨、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸铵、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢铵及其混合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于所述成盐剂为氨。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于所述共聚物通过0.1mol%至10mol%的式(I)的疏水性单体的沉淀聚合来获得。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的交联共聚物,其特征在于所述疏水性单体具有式(I),其中:
R1是甲基,R2和R3是氢原子,
X是基团C(=O)-O-Y,
其中Y是18个碳原子的直链烷基链。
9.一种通过沉淀聚合制备根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的交联共聚物的方法,其特征在于所述方法包括以下步骤:
-制备包含至少一种溶剂和5重量%至35重量%的至少一种包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体的反应介质,
-通过加入成盐剂,使包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体的羧酸官能团的30mol%至90mol%成盐,
-在反应介质中引入0.01重量%至20重量%的至少一种式(I)的疏水性单体和1×10-6重量%至2重量%的至少一种交联剂,
-聚合包含至少一个羧酸官能团的单体和式(I)的疏水性单体,以获得所述交联共聚物。
10.一种包含至少一种根据权利要求1至8中的一项所述的交联共聚物的印刷浆料。
11.根据权利要求10所述的印刷浆料,其特征在于所述印刷浆料中交联共聚物的量为0.1重量%至5重量%。
12.一种印刷纺织品材料的方法,其使用根据权利要求10至11中任一项所述的印刷浆料。
13.根据权利要求12所述的印刷纺织品材料的方法,其特征在于所述方法包括以下步骤:
-通过混合至少一种根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的交联共聚物和至少一种染料或至少一种颜料来制备印刷浆料,
-将印刷浆料施加在纺织品材料上。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的印刷纺织品材料的方法,其特征在于所述纺织品材料选自天然聚酰胺、合成聚酰胺、聚胺、聚丙烯、聚酯、丝、羊毛、黏胶、人造丝、棉或羊毛/聚酰胺混合物。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2006646A FR3111899A1 (fr) | 2020-06-25 | 2020-06-25 | Copolymère réticulé, procédé de préparation et pâte d’impression comprenant ledit copolymère |
FR2006646 | 2020-06-25 | ||
PCT/FR2021/051157 WO2021260331A2 (fr) | 2020-06-25 | 2021-06-24 | Copolymere reticule, procede de preparation et pate d'impression comprenant ledit copolymere |
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US (1) | US20230242779A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4172220A2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN115943169B (zh) |
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WO (1) | WO2021260331A2 (zh) |
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DE3427220A1 (de) | 1984-07-24 | 1986-01-30 | Cassella Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von copolymeren |
-
2020
- 2020-06-25 FR FR2006646A patent/FR3111899A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
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2021
- 2021-06-24 US US18/010,529 patent/US20230242779A1/en active Pending
- 2021-06-24 WO PCT/FR2021/051157 patent/WO2021260331A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2021-06-24 CN CN202180044357.8A patent/CN115943169B/zh active Active
- 2021-06-24 EP EP21743221.0A patent/EP4172220A2/fr active Pending
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20230242779A1 (en) | 2023-08-03 |
WO2021260331A2 (fr) | 2021-12-30 |
FR3111899A1 (fr) | 2021-12-31 |
CN115943169B (zh) | 2024-09-17 |
EP4172220A2 (fr) | 2023-05-03 |
WO2021260331A3 (fr) | 2022-03-17 |
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