CN115939771A - Dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic suppression of TVS (transient voltage suppressor) - Google Patents
Dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic suppression of TVS (transient voltage suppressor) Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939771A CN115939771A CN202211537633.7A CN202211537633A CN115939771A CN 115939771 A CN115939771 A CN 115939771A CN 202211537633 A CN202211537633 A CN 202211537633A CN 115939771 A CN115939771 A CN 115939771A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic suppression of a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube, belonging to the technical field of electromagnetic protection. The energy selection surface comprises a medium substrate and a metal structure layer printed on the upper surface of the medium substrate; the metal structure layer is composed of a plurality of square periodic units which are periodically arranged, and each square periodic unit is composed of a square metal plane with a circular ring gap in the middle and a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube; a part of the square metal plane is dug out to form a circular ring gap, and the center of the circular ring is superposed with the center of the square; a TVS tube is loaded in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of each circular ring gap; the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe transverse direction is unanimous, and the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe of longitudinal direction is unanimous. The invention realizes the frequency selection of the incident small signal and the effective suppression of the transient strong electromagnetic pulse by utilizing the metal periodic structure and the quick response time of the TVS tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic protection, and particularly relates to an energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic suppression of a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube.
Background
With the development of electronic information and communication technology, electronic information devices are developing towards integration and miniaturization, and the updating iteration of chip technology deepens the refinement degree of various electronic products and devices, but also increases the electromagnetic sensitivity and vulnerability of the electronic information devices. Sensitive electronic equipment is extremely easy to be interfered by intentional or unintentional signals, so that the electronic equipment is interfered, failed and the like. Therefore, the transient strong electromagnetic pulse signal with a wide frequency band coverage has a great threat to most electronic devices.
At present, most of the traditional transient strong electromagnetic suppression methods are mainly electromagnetic compatibility design methods of filtering, shielding and grounding. The suppression means of the front door is not sufficiently researched, and the current method mainly comprises the steps that surge protection devices such as a piezoresistor, a transient suppression diode and the like are additionally arranged on a front-end circuit, but generally the voltage resistance is limited, and the front-end circuit fails when the voltage resistance exceeds the voltage resistance limit; a high-power amplitude limiter is loaded at the front end, but the amplitude limiter generally has ns-level response time, and the transient strong electromagnetic pulse with the pulse width of several ns or even ps-level can be hardly effectively inhibited; for methods such as adding a filter and a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) at the front end, complete suppression is difficult for transient strong electromagnetic pulse signals with wide frequency band coverage; recently, a lot of energy selection surface technologies are researched, and the working state can be adaptively changed to complete the suppression of strong electromagnetic pulse signals.
The energy selection surface is an energy self-adaptive strong electromagnetic pulse suppression device, related patents (Liu Bao nations, wan Shunling, li Gaoshi, etc.) are proposed and applied by the teaching of Liu Bao nations of the university of defense science and technology in 2009, and the main principle of the electromagnetic energy selection surface device [ P ]. 2009) is that the corresponding change of the transmission characteristics of the energy selection surface under the irradiation of small signals and strong electromagnetic pulses is achieved by utilizing the huge change of the impedance of a PIN diode under the conduction and non-conduction conditions, so that the self-adaptive strong electromagnetic pulse suppression capability of the energy selection surface is realized. In recent years, a series of researches are carried out by teaching groups in Liu culture China, the strong electromagnetic pulse inhibition capability of the energy selection surface is verified, and the antenna housing is manufactured, so that the practicability of the energy selection surface is further improved. However, most of the existing energy selection surface technologies are based on PIN diodes, which determines that the energy selection surface technologies also need response time of at least ns level, and documents (Zhang Long, wei Bright, hu Xiaofeng, etc.. Research on protective performance of energy selection surface materials [ J ]. Proceedings of Beijing university of science and technology, 2013, vol.33 (11): 1165-1170.) indicate that the energy selection surface technologies have almost no inhibitory effect on transient strong electromagnetic pulses with duration of 1 ns.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-frequency-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic suppression of a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube, so as to deal with the threat of transient strong electromagnetic pulse and solve the technical problem that the transient strong electromagnetic pulse is difficult to suppress by the energy selection surface based on a PIN (personal identification number) diode.
In order to achieve the above purpose and solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
a dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression of a TVS tube comprises a dielectric substrate with an energy selection surface and a metal structure layer printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the metal structure layer is composed of a plurality of square periodic units which are periodically arranged, and each square periodic unit is composed of a square metal plane with a circular ring gap in the middle and a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube; a part of the square metal plane is dug out to form a circular ring gap, and the center of the circular ring is superposed with the center of the square; a TVS tube is loaded in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of each circular ring gap; the circular ring gap is adapted to the size of the TVS diode, so that the TVS tube can be smoothly welded;
the circular ring gap is adapted to the size of the TVS diode, so that the TVS tube can be smoothly welded;
adjusting the structural size of the periodic unit, including the side length of the periodic unit, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular gap, and the material and the thickness of the substrate, so that the frequency selection characteristic of the energy selection surface small signal meets the specific task requirement;
the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe transverse direction is unanimous, and the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe of longitudinal direction is unanimous.
Further, if the dielectric substrate is made of a substrate material with a dielectric constant of 2.2, the insertion loss can be reduced better, or the dielectric substrate and the thickness thereof can be selected according to task requirements.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention has the advantages that the frequency selection of incident small signals and the suppression of transient strong electromagnetic pulses are realized by utilizing the metal periodic structure and the quick response time of the TVS tube, and the invention is an adaptive front door suppression technology aiming at the transient strong electromagnetic pulses.
Compared with the energy selection surface technology based on the PIN diode, the transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression device can quickly respond to the transient strong electromagnetic pulse and realize suppression of the transient strong electromagnetic pulse. The invention provides an energy selection surface based on a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube for the first time, and solves the problem that the traditional PIN diode-based energy selection surface technology cannot respond to transient strong electromagnetic pulses. The design of the invention has universality, and the structure can be applied to other frequency bands after the wave-transparent frequency band can be changed by adjusting the parameters of the periodic unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an energy selecting surface according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy selective surface periodic unit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit analysis diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating transmission coefficients under small signals according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transient response waveform of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-metal structure layer; 101-circular ring gap shape, 102-TVS diode, 103-square metal plane, 104-circular ring gap, (105, 106) -TVS tube in transverse direction, (107, 108) -TVS tube in longitudinal direction
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 shows an overall structure of the present invention. A double-frequency transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression energy selection surface based on a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal structure layer 1 printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RT5880 material, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the thickness is 0.6 mm, and the dielectric substrate and the thickness thereof can be selected according to requirements;
the metal structure layer 1 is formed by adding a plurality of annular gap shapes 101 on a metal plane which is periodically arranged, the annular gap structures are distributed on the metal plane at equal intervals, and a plurality of TVS diodes 102 are loaded on the annular gaps;
the model of the TVS diode is a TVS diode with ESD9101, which is produced by ON Semiconductor company;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metal periodic unit according to the present invention. A portion of the square metal plane 103 is cut out to form a circular gap 104, and four TVS tubes are loaded on the circular gap respectively.
The circle center of the circular ring structure is consistent with the square metal plane; the circular ring gap is adapted to the size of the TVS diode, so that the TVS tube can be smoothly welded; the TVS tubes are respectively positioned in the upper, lower, left and right directions of the circular ring gap; the positive and negative poles of the TVS tubes 105 and 106 in the transverse direction are consistent, and the positive and negative poles of the TVS tubes 107 and 108 in the longitudinal direction are consistent; the size of the circular ring gap can be adjusted according to actual conditions. Specific parameters of one embodiment are shown in table 1,
TABLE 1 periodic Structure parameters (unit: mm)
Wherein D represents the side length of the square unit structure, D represents the thickness of the medium substrate, h represents the thickness of the metal layer, r1 represents the outer diameter of the circular ring, and r2 represents the inner diameter of the circular ring.
The embodiment is a symmetrical structure and is suitable for electromagnetic wave protection of various polarization modes. When the TVS tube is not conducted, the TVS tube is equivalent to a capacitor, the capacitance value is about pf magnitude, and the TVS tube is open-circuited for a radio frequency signal with lower frequency; when the TVS tube is conducted, the TVS tube can be equivalent to a small resistor and is regarded as a short circuit.
Fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit analysis diagram of the present invention. Wherein Z 0 Is the wave impedance of free space, L 1 Is a metal structure equivalent inductor, C 1 Is a gap equivalent capacitance, C T Is the interstage capacitance R when the TVS tube is not conducted T Is the equivalent resistance when conducting. When the electromagnetic signal intensity in the space is small, the TVS tube is in a non-conduction state and presents capacitive impedance, and the circular ring gaps are equivalent to capacitance and inductance in parallel connection to form a signal pass band together; the pass band is determined by the inter-stage capacitance of the TVS tube and the size of the periodic unit, and the center frequencies of the dual bands are set to 1.58GHz and 5GHz in this example. At the moment, the surface can be selected to be in a wave-transparent mode, and the receiving and sending of normal signals are not influenced.
When the TVS tube is irradiated by strong electromagnetic signals in space, high voltage is induced at two ends of a metal structure connected with the TVS tube, and the TVS tube enters a conducting state. The TVS tube is equivalent to a small resistor, the center frequency point of the whole passband is shifted to the right, and a stop band is formed at the original center frequency point, so that transient strong electromagnetic pulse is restrained. At the moment, the surface can be selected to be in a protection mode, and the transient strong electromagnetic pulse is restrained.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a transmission coefficient diagram of a dual-band TVS tube transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression-based energy selection surface in a small signal incident state, it can be seen from the diagram that, in the case of a small signal, central frequency points are 1.58GHz and 5GHz, and an insertion loss is less than 3dB in the ranges of 1.2GHz to 1.9GHz and 4.9GHz to 5.2GHz, so that smooth passage of the in-band small signal can be ensured.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of transient response waveforms of incident waves and transmitted waves of a dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression of a TVS tube when a transient strong electromagnetic pulse is incident; the peak value of the incident transient strong electromagnetic pulse is 10000V/m, the waveform is differential Gaussian pulse, and the pulse duration is 1ns; the circuit simulation model of the TVS tube uses a Spice model provided by an official website. The figure shows that the surface can be selected to inhibit transient strong electromagnetic pulse, the peak field strength of 10000V/m is inhibited to 800V/m, the protection efficiency is 22dB, and the method is an effective method for coping with the transient strong electromagnetic pulse.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention that is presented in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the practice of the invention is not to be considered limited to those descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression of a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube is characterized by comprising a dielectric substrate and a metal structure layer printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;
the metal structure layer is composed of a plurality of square periodic units which are periodically arranged, and each square periodic unit is composed of a square metal plane with a circular ring gap in the middle and a TVS (transient voltage suppressor) tube; a part of the square metal plane is dug out to form a circular ring gap, and the center of the circular ring is superposed with the center of the square; a TVS tube is loaded in the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction of each circular ring gap;
the circular ring gap is adapted to the size of the TVS diode, so that the TVS tube can be smoothly welded;
adjusting the structural size of the periodic unit, including the side length of the periodic unit, the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular gap, and the material and the thickness of the substrate, so that the frequency selection characteristic of the energy selection surface small signal meets the specific task requirement;
the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe transverse direction is unanimous, and the positive negative pole orientation of TVS pipe of longitudinal direction is unanimous.
2. The dual-band energy selection surface based on transient strong electromagnetic pulse suppression of the TVS tube is characterized in that the dielectric substrate is made of Rogers RT5880 material, the dielectric constant is 2.2, and the thickness is 0.6 mm, or the dielectric substrate and the thickness thereof are selected according to task requirements.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116723689A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 西南科技大学 | Circular ring-shaped energy selection surface applied to circular waveguide and circular waveguide |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116723689A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-09-08 | 西南科技大学 | Circular ring-shaped energy selection surface applied to circular waveguide and circular waveguide |
| CN116723689B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-10-17 | 西南科技大学 | Circular ring-shaped energy selection surface applied to circular waveguide and circular waveguide |
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