CN115926748A - Grinding fluid and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Grinding fluid and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115926748A CN115926748A CN202211647884.0A CN202211647884A CN115926748A CN 115926748 A CN115926748 A CN 115926748A CN 202211647884 A CN202211647884 A CN 202211647884A CN 115926748 A CN115926748 A CN 115926748A
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 40
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000565357 Fraxinus nigra Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021431 alpha silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021418 black silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses grinding fluid and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal surface treatment; raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise grinding aid and silicon carbide, wherein the grinding aid comprises phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate; the mass ratio of the phosphoric acid to the zinc nitrate is 0.1-1. The invention provides a grinding fluid which is high in grinding efficiency and easy to clean. The invention also provides a preparation method and application of the grinding fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, and particularly relates to grinding fluid and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The powder metallurgy is to mix required basic powder, alloy powder and additives, then fill the mixed powder into a die cavity with a required shape for compression molding, and then sinter a molded blank in a protective atmosphere to form metallurgical bonding of various particles. The iron-based structural member for powder metallurgy uses iron powder or alloy steel powder as a main raw material. The structural parts manufactured by adopting the powder metallurgy process have good mechanical property, wear resistance, better machining property, heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Powder metallurgy iron-based parts are widely used in various fields.
Powder metallurgy iron-based structural members typically require grinding of their surfaces during manufacturing operations to achieve good surface flatness and smoothness. The grinding is carried out by a complex relative movement of the grinding tool and the processing surface under a certain pressure. The grinding liquid (containing abrasive and auxiliary components) between the grinding tool and the workpiece respectively has mechanical cutting action and physical and chemical actions in relative motion, so that the abrasive can cut off an extremely thin layer of material on the surface of the workpiece, thereby obtaining extremely high dimensional precision and extremely fine surface roughness. In the grinding process of the powder metallurgy iron-based structural part, the surface of the structural part is very wear-resistant, so that the grinding efficiency is not high under the action of the conventional grinding fluid.
Therefore, it is urgent to develop a polishing liquid having high polishing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the grinding fluid, and the preparation method and the application thereof.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the grinding fluid.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of the grinding fluid on the surface of a metal product.
According to the grinding fluid of the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise grinding aid and silicon carbide;
the grinding aid comprises phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate;
the mass ratio of the phosphoric acid to the zinc nitrate is 0.1-1.
The powder metallurgy grinding fluid has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by using the combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate, the grinding effect of the grinding fluid on powder metallurgy can be obviously increased, so that the grinding efficiency of the grinding fluid is improved. The grinding efficiency cannot be obviously improved by only adopting phosphoric acid or zinc nitrate alone, and the combination of the phosphoric acid and the zinc nitrate can effectively prevent the powder metallurgy after grinding from generating rust return. The combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate can form a layer of phosphating film on the surface of powder metallurgy, and can prevent the surface of powder metallurgy from rusting back while reducing the grinding difficulty. Only when phosphoric acid and zinc ions exist at the same time in a certain proportion, the phosphate film can be produced, and the phosphate film cannot be generated on the surface because one of the phosphoric acid and the zinc ions is lacked.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the raw material for preparing the grinding fluid further comprises pumice powder.
The pumice powder has the characteristics of porosity and light weight, so that the pumice powder can adsorb powder abraded from the powder metallurgy surface and abrasive materials in grinding liquid in the grinding process, and the powder and the abrasive materials are prevented from being deposited on the surface of a base material to cause difficulty in subsequent cleaning.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the raw material for preparing the grinding fluid further comprises an anti-adhesion agent; the anti-adhesion agent comprises at least one of agar powder and agarose.
The anti-adhesion agent can form a layer of barrier layer invisible to naked eyes on the surface of powder metallurgy, further reduces the re-adhesion of powder abraded from the surface of the powder metallurgy and abrasive in grinding fluid to the surface of a base material, and can obtain a clean surface by simply rinsing with water in the follow-up process.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the silicon carbide comprises cubic silicon carbide having a particle size of 6000 to 8000 mesh.
The cubic silicon carbide is also named as beta-SiC, belongs to a cubic crystal system (diamond crystal form), and the isometric structural characteristics of the crystal determine that the beta-SiC has better natural sphericity and self-sharpening property than alpha-SiC (black silicon carbide and green silicon carbide), so that the beta-SiC has better grinding and polishing effects in the aspect of precision grinding.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.2-2 parts of zinc nitrate and 5-20 parts of silicon carbide.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of phosphoric acid and 2-10 parts of pumice powder.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of phosphoric acid and 0.5-5 parts of anti-adhesion agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grinding fluid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.2-2 parts of zinc nitrate, 5-20 parts of silicon carbide, 2-10 parts of pumice powder and 0.5-5 parts of anti-adhesion agent.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the raw material for preparing the grinding fluid further comprises water.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing the above polishing slurry includes the following steps: mixing the silicon carbide and the grinding aid.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the polishing slurry comprises the steps of:
s1: mixing and dispersing the pumice powder, the anti-adhesion agent and the silicon carbide to obtain a dispersion liquid;
s2: and (3) dissolving the grinding aid in water, mixing with the dispersion liquid obtained in the step (S1), and cooling.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the mixing and dispersing in step S1 is 90 to 100 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the agitation mixing comprises agitation mixing.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S1, the rate of said stirring and mixing is 40 to 60r/min.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the mixing comprises stirring.
According to some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the stirring and mixing rate is 40 to 60r/min.
The pumice powder, the anti-adhesion agent and the grinding material are stirred and dispersed in advance, so that the anti-adhesion agent is fully dispersed, the generation of gel-like solid can be avoided, and the stirring time is greatly saved.
The application of the grinding fluid in the surface treatment of the metal product is disclosed.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the metal product comprises a powder metallurgy iron-based structural member.
The powder metallurgy grinding fluid provided by the invention has high grinding efficiency, can effectively prevent rust return, and can obtain a clean surface only by simply rinsing with water in the follow-up process.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The idea of the invention and the resulting technical effects will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments, so that the objects, features and effects of the invention can be fully understood. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available reagents and materials unless otherwise specified. The same ingredients of each example and comparative example were purchased from the same manufacturer and the same batch, unless otherwise specified; the corresponding parameters were the same as in example 1 unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a powder metallurgy grinding fluid which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 meshes), 81 parts of water, 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, according to the weight parts in the embodiment 1, pumice powder, agar powder and cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance, and are uniformly mixed to obtain a dispersion liquid;
and S2, preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate, mixing, adding the dispersion liquid obtained in the step S1, stirring at a constant temperature for 30min at a stirring speed of 40r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding liquid.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a powder metallurgy grinding fluid which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #), 81 parts of water, 0.5 part of phosphoric acid and 1.5 parts of zinc nitrate.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, according to the weight parts in the embodiment 3, pumice powder, agar powder and cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance, and are uniformly mixed to obtain a dispersion liquid;
and S2, preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate, mixing, adding the dispersion liquid obtained in the step S1, stirring at a constant temperature for 30min at a stirring speed of 40r/min, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding liquid.
Comparative example 1
A powder metallurgy grinding fluid is prepared by the comparative example, which is different from the example 2 in that citric acid is used for replacing phosphoric acid in the example 1, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to the parts by weight so as to be uniformly mixed. And preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of citric acid, 1 part of zinc nitrate and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance, and stirring at constant temperature for 20min to completely dissolve the agar powder. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example prepared a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and the difference between the comparative example and the example 2 is that sodium nitrate is used for replacing zinc nitrate in the example 1, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder, 2 parts of agar powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to the parts by weight so as to be uniformly mixed. And preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid, 1 part of sodium nitrate and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance, and stirring the mixture at constant temperature for 20min to completely dissolve the agar powder. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example prepared a powder metallurgy grinding fluid, which differs from example 2 in that no pumice powder was added, and the specific process was:
2 parts by weight of agar powder and 10 parts by weight of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance to be mixed uniformly. And preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 1 part of phosphoric acid, 1 part of zinc nitrate and the powder which is uniformly mixed in advance, and stirring the mixture at constant temperature for 20min to completely dissolve the agar powder. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example is used for preparing powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and is different from the comparative example 2 in that agar powder is not added, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to the parts by weight so as to be uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, heated to 90 ℃, and added with 1 part of phosphoric acid, 1 part of zinc nitrate and the powder which is mixed uniformly in advance in sequence, and stirred for 20min at constant temperature. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example is prepared from powder metallurgy grinding fluid, and is different from the example 2 in that 0.05 part of phosphoric acid and 1 part of zinc nitrate are adopted, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to the parts by weight so as to be uniformly mixed. And preparing 81 parts of water, heating the water to 90 ℃, sequentially adding 0.05 part of phosphoric acid, 1 part of zinc nitrate and the premixed powder, and stirring at constant temperature for 20min. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example is characterized in that 1 part of phosphoric acid and 0.05 part of zinc nitrate are adopted, and the specific process is as follows:
5 parts of pumice powder and 10 parts of cubic silicon carbide (6000 #) are stirred and dispersed in advance according to the parts by weight so as to be uniformly mixed. Then 81 parts of water is prepared, heated to 90 ℃, and added with 1 part of phosphoric acid, 0.05 part of zinc nitrate and the powder which is mixed uniformly in advance in sequence, and stirred for 20min at constant temperature. Naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the powder metallurgy grinding fluid.
Test example 1
The test examples tested the effects of the powder metallurgy polishing slurries obtained in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4, and the specific test methods were as follows:
taking 10 powder metallurgy workpieces, grinding the workpieces by using a plane grinder, wherein the grinding time is 12min, the pressure is 20kg, the rotating speed is 50r/min, grinding liquids adopted in the grinding process are respectively from examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-6, the ground powder metallurgy workpieces are naturally drained after being rinsed for 2 times by pure water, and whether rusty spots appear on the surfaces of the workpieces is observed. After the surface is completely dried, the surface is wiped by pure white cotton cloth, and whether black ash exists on the pure white cotton cloth is observed. The wiped workpiece was tested for reduced thickness and roughness using a height gauge and a surface roughness gauge, respectively, and the average was taken, with the relevant test results shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 test results
As can be seen from the data of the examples 1 and 2 in the table 1, the powder metallurgy grinding fluid has the advantages of strong cutting force and high grinding efficiency, and can effectively prevent the powder metallurgy from generating rust return, and the ground workpiece has no ash layer on the surface after being rinsed by pure water. As can be seen from comparative example 1 and comparative examples 1, 2, 5 and 6, the combination of phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate not only effectively prevents the occurrence of rust in powder metallurgy, but also significantly enhances the grinding efficiency of the grinding fluid. It is understood from comparative example 1 and comparative examples 3 and 4 that the pumice powder and the agar powder act synergistically to prevent the powder abraded from the surface of powder metallurgy and the abrasive in the polishing slurry from adhering to the surface of the base material again, thereby preventing the surface from adhering black ash.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention. Insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, variations from or substitutions to one or more other processes, or other insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, as viewed in light of the above teachings, are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The grinding fluid is characterized in that raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise grinding aids and silicon carbide;
the grinding aid comprises phosphoric acid and zinc nitrate;
the mass ratio of the phosphoric acid to the zinc nitrate is 0.1-1.
2. The polishing slurry according to claim 1, wherein the raw material for preparing the polishing slurry further comprises pumice powder.
3. The grinding fluid as claimed in claim 2, wherein the raw material for preparing the grinding fluid further comprises an anti-adhesion agent;
the anti-adhesion agent comprises at least one of agar powder and agarose.
4. The polishing slurry according to claim 1, wherein the silicon carbide comprises cubic silicon carbide having a particle size of 6000 to 8000 meshes.
5. The grinding fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise, by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid, 0.2 to 2 parts of zinc nitrate and 5 to 20 parts of silicon carbide.
6. The grinding fluid according to claim 2, wherein the raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise, in parts by weight: 0.2-2 parts of phosphoric acid and 2-10 parts of pumice powder.
7. The grinding fluid as claimed in claim 3, wherein the raw materials for preparing the grinding fluid comprise, by weight: 0.2 to 2 parts of phosphoric acid and 0.5 to 5 parts of anti-adhesion agent.
8. The polishing slurry according to claim 1, wherein the raw material for preparing the polishing slurry further comprises water.
9. A method for preparing the polishing slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of: mixing the silicon carbide and the grinding aid.
10. Use of the abrasive liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for the surface treatment of metal products.
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| CN202211647884.0A CN115926748B (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2022-12-21 | Grinding fluid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115926748B (en) | 2024-07-12 |
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