CN1159185C

CN1159185C - Tractor for truck to draw trailor

Info

Publication number: CN1159185C
Application number: CNB021109818A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 忻元龙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-03-07
Filing date: 2002-03-07
Publication date: 2004-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-07
Also published as: CN1375422A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a double-shaft type traction rotating disk which is composed of a traction rotating disk base (2), a rotating disk (4), a central shaft (3) and a sliding block sleeve (16) thereof, a telescoping shaft (5) and a sliding block sleeve (8) thereof, shaft latch devices (17), (18) and (19), sliding block locking shaft devices (9) and (10), locking shaft anti-loose devices (11) and (15), a bidirectional working air pump (14), driving devices (12) and (13), etc. The present invention is characterized in that the rotating disk (4) is arranged on a semi-trailer frame (1); the center of the rotating disk (4) is provided with the central shaft (3); when an automobile runs at low speed, the front center of gravity of a semi-trailer makes rotary movement by taking the central shaft (3) as a center of circle; the telescoping shaft (5) is also arranged on the semi-trailer frame (1); when the automobile runs at high speed, the center of gravity of the semi-trailer makes swing movement by taking the telescoping shaft (5) as the center; the position of the rotating disk (4) which is on the semi-trailer frame (1) and drops onto the traction rotating disk base (2) can be changed by the sliding locking shaft plate (9); the sliding locking shaft plate (9) completes the displacement selected from two by a swing lever cam (11) which is arranged in a central square hole of the sliding locking shaft plate (9); the action of the swing lever cam (11) is realized by a mode that the bidirectional working air pump (14) drives a gear rack (13) and a gear (12); the vertically telescoping movement of the telescoping shaft (5) is realized by the mode that a hand wheel (20) of a handle shaft drives a gear (6) and a gear rack (7); the connection between the rotating disk (4) of the semi-trailer (1) and the traction rotating disk base (2) by the central shaft (3) is ensured, fixed and maintained by the shaft latch devices (17), (18) and (19).

Description

The saddle traction connecting device of semi-trailer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of twin axle traction rotating disk, relate in particular to a kind of saddle traction connecting device of semi-trailer, be applicable to the safety traffic of traction superimposed trailer in communications and transportation.

Background technology

The saddle traction connecting device of the semi-trailer on the existing market generally adopts the structure shown in Figure 12,13 of scene mapping, and it is made up of traction base 2, rotating disk 3 and centre of pull axle 9 etc.The effect of base 2 is the pressure that supports superimposed trailer 1 first half load-carrying, and fastens and the moving of the superimposed trailer 1 at centre of pull axle 9 places, and gives rotating disk 3 and rotate on the table top of base 2.When tractor truck 14 is realized being connected with superimposed trailer, tractor truck 14 is with the guiding groove 7 centering adjustment axles 9 of base 2, and allow center shaft enter in this guiding groove 7 and the axle hook 6 (seeing shown in Figure 13) along the direction of arrow 13, this moment, center shaft 9 forced a hook 6 to turn to locking plane 8 parallel (as shown in figure 12) with latch segment 6 along the direction of revolution arrow 12, at this moment locking handgrip 11 unclamps, by extension spring 15 effects down, make latch segment 4 shift to the position of a hook 6, it is the plane 10 that locking face 8 is pushed down a hook 6, a this moment axle hook 6 tightly fastens center shaft 9, realized being connected of tractor truck and superimposed trailer.The effect of spring 5 is superimposed trailers when tractor truck breaks away from, and allows a hook 6 go to state among Figure 13.

Like this, though can realize the purpose that superimposed trailer moves with tractor truck, yet existing tractor truck has a great hidden danger with the draw gear that is connected of superimposed trailer, be exactly it is when turning, the centnifugal force of tractor truck self and the centnifugal force of superimposed trailer, major part are all concentrated and are acted on this coupling hitch.The synthetic component that the power that moves owing to above-mentioned centnifugal force and superimposed trailer self produces constitute the lateral thrust to tractor truck, and this lateral thrust causes the reason that the roll-over accident rate of tractor truck when tempo turn Duoed than truck just.

Summary of the invention

It includes a rotary disk basement that partly is fixedly connected with automobile power the saddle traction connecting device of semi-trailer of the present invention, put rotating disk thereon, both paste by the face face mutually, but relative displacement, position, the described rotating disk center of circle uprightly is fixed with the center shaft as the power traction connecting pin, the bottom frame (or its extendible portion) that it passes the back towed vehicle simultaneously with rotary disk basement that the headstock part is fixed with one mutually after just form a fixed connection with nut is fastening, thereby towed vehicle and automobile power are partly coupled together, and coupled condition is kept fixing by the insurance of center shaft shaft latch mechanism.A upright telescopic adapter shaft is arranged on the described trailer bottom frame (or its extendible portion) in addition, it passes chassis of trailer framework and rotary disk basement simultaneously, both are connected.Center shaft and scalable adapter shaft both are the point of connection of tractor truck and this two parts movable body of superimposed trailer, but this is either-or,, between described these two axles such relation is arranged that is, when an axle is locked, another root axle can be moved about as camber line in certain scope.When scalable adapter shaft is locked, just can make the camber line displacement movement that scalable adapter shaft is a centre of gration with the center shaft that position, the rotating disk center of circle is uprightly fixing.Consequently make round turntable can not produce move about (parallel motion of face veneer) with respect to following rotary disk basement simultaneously at speed of a motor vehicle difference, turning radian, finally produced be equivalent to make the turning wheel semiaxis apart from the effect that takes place to prolong, thereby increased the resistance to capsizing of trailer under the tempo turn situation.Described center shaft and retractable spindle are blocked alternatively, and keyed end just becomes with respect to rotary disk basement and is stationary fixing when of one of this diaxon is locked, and another is to be to make the free end that guiding is moved about in deep-slotted chip breaker at this moment.Determine which root axle is locked in this diaxon, any root axle be freedom dynamically parts be one and be fixed on the rotary disk basement and can be along the slide lock axillare of a certain straight-line guidance direction moving linearly.The straight-line motion of described slide lock axillare is again decided by the velocity magnitude of automobile, and implement to promote by a pressure air pump or hydraulic ram.Under the higher state of the speed of a motor vehicle, described slip axillare be pushed to described retractable spindle this on one side, be locked, at this moment, described center shaft just be in can be in first deep-slotted chip breaker free-swimming state.Described first deep-slotted chip breaker is arranged on the described rotary disk basement.Be provided with one second deep-slotted chip breaker in addition on the described rotary disk basement with on the symmetrical direction of described first deep-slotted chip breaker, it is the usefulness that supplies described retractable spindle insertion and move about as arc.See by the direction that automobile advances, described first deep-slotted chip breaker after, and described second deep-slotted chip breaker is preceding, both are symmetric arrangement, the axis direction of axis of symmetry be automobile laterally.Be furnished with the oscillating rod type cam in the central square hole of described slide lock axillare, by driver train (gear, tooth bar), it can promote described slide lock axillare, at the moving linearly on the rectilinear direction that is connected of described center shaft and telescopic shaft, in order to this two adapter shaft is done either-or locking.Described coupled condition is kept fixing by shaft latch mechanism insurance, this door bolt is an arc piece, and it is accommodated in first deep-slotted chip breaker on the rotary disk basement, can make the guiding movement of arc shaped.Described arc shaft latches and is connected with one and makes it keep the extension spring that is in all the time to locking direction movement tendency, the pull bar handle that also has the elastic force that can overcome this extension spring that the axle door bolt is pulled out.Described telescopic shaft has its pinion and rack that moves up and down of driving, and this gear is disposed on the Handle axis, and this tooth bar is disposed on the cylinder of telescopic shaft self.Described oscillating rod type cam has a lock-bit compression spring, and it makes this camming movement maintain this state behind a certain state always.Described oscillating rod type cam is to be placed in the flat pit of indent at slide lock axillare middle part, offers the thin long permeable slot for the action of cam footstalk on this pit bottom surface, is used to limit the position of slide lock axillare.Two terminations that described slide lock axillare is gone up along the longitudinal direction respectively offer breach, are respectively applied for chimeric fixed center axis and telescopic shaft slide block set, and with its correct location.The outer imperial palace of described opening is trapezoidal for a short time.

Advantage of the present invention is: adopt the twin axle structure, can make trailed superimposed trailer when friction speed is travelled and turn, can change its center-of-gravity position automatically, thereby reduce its centnifugal force, stability and the resistance to capsizing of enhancing when tempo turn promptly reduces accident rate.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of the top view of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the textural association figure of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 4 is that the traction rotating disk of the embodiment of the invention is the constitution diagram in the center of circle with the center shaft;

Fig. 5 is that the traction rotating disk of the embodiment of the invention is the constitution diagram in the center of circle with the telescopic shaft;

Fig. 6 is the superimposed trailer centre-of-gravity displacement constitution diagram of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 7 is the front elevation of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 8 is the C-C cutaway view of Fig. 7 of the embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 9 is two operating mode position three-dimensional combination figures of the slide lock axillare of the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 10 is two operating mode position schematic top plan view of the slide lock axillare of the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 11 is the three-dimensional exploded view of the embodiment of the invention;

Figure 12 is a kind of prior art constructions scheme drawing;

Figure 13 is that a kind of prior art constructions is replenished figure.

The specific embodiment

Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Showed the embodiment of the invention with Fig. 1 to Figure 11, wherein mainly formed by traction rotary base 2, rotating disk 4, center shaft 3 and slide block set 16, telescopic shaft 5 and slide block set 8 thereof, axle door bolt device 17,18,19, slide

lock shaft device

9,10, oscillating rod type cam 11, self-locking compression spring 15, two-way operation air pump 14 and pinion and rack 12,13 etc.Also should have speed of a motor vehicle signal transducer and transmission system thereof in addition in the embodiments of the invention, lubricated and dust prevention system, telescopic shaft and an axle breech lock are decided device etc., in this explanation, be omitted.

The flat pit of one indent is arranged on the downside of described slide lock axillare 9, accommodate an oscillating rod type cam 11 in it, on the bottom surface of described pit, offer one and supply cam footstalk 25 to insert the thin long permeable slot 26 that is used to limit described slide lock axillare 9 longitudinal travels.Described slide lock axillare (9) respectively offer along two terminations on the longitudinally be used for the slide block set 16 of center shaft 3 and with the

breach

27,28 of the chimeric mutually fixing usefulness of the slide block set 8 of telescopic shaft 5, described

breach

27,28 outer imperial palaces are echelon form for a short time.

(if be≤30km/h) time, slide lock axillare 9 lock center shaft slide block sets 16 are on the position of center shaft 3, this position also is the center of traction rotary base 2 when the tractor truck moving velocity is lower.The mode of operation that draws rotary base 2 this moment is center of circle work with center shaft 3.It is movable that the superimposed trailer center of gravity drops on the center of drawing rotary base 2, promptly be that center of circle W with rotating disk 4 rotates, referring to shown in Figure 4, (center of gravity) position of dropping on the superimposed trailer rotating disk 4 on the traction rotary base 2 can not change all the time, promptly remains at the center of rotary base 2.Because the speed of a motor vehicle of tractor truck is slower, centnifugal force is less during turning, so the accident that does not exist the outside tire overload to cause takes place.

When the moving velocity of tractor truck higher (if be＞30km/n) time, slide lock axillare 9 triggers two-way operation air pump 14, pinion and rack 12,13 and oscillating rod type cam 11 by speed of a motor vehicle signal, directly promoted, and by the position of the slide block set 16 of original pinning center axle 3, then the slide block set 8 of pinning telescopic shaft 5, wherein the trigger action of two-way operation air pump is omitted in this explanation.Meanwhile, the anti-loosening self-locking compression spring 15 of slide lock axillare 9 pins the location to slide lock axillare 9.The operating mode of drawing rotating disk 2 this moment is to be to have worked in the center of circle with telescopic shaft 5, because of the center of circle 22 of telescopic shaft 5 is outsides at traction rotating disk 2, referring to shown in Figure 5, with the departure distance of its center shaft 3 be M, so traction rotating disk 2 is the shape work that swings at center by being that center of circle work transfers to telescopic shaft 5 with center shaft 3 originally, the center-of-gravity position that its superimposed trailer rotating disk 4 drops on traction rotary base 2 is to follow equidirectional moving along with the turn direction of tractor truck, if tractor truck turnon left, center of gravity (rotating disk) position that superimposed trailer drops on traction rotary base 2 moves left along with past, shown among Fig. 6 31.Vice versa, shown in 32 among Fig. 6.Because the effect of load emphasis is shifting near of point, its centnifugal force also reduces thereupon, i.e. overturning or the cover tire overload and the accident damaged also thereupon reduce of tractor truck when tempo turn.

If the tractor truck prompt drop low (as＜30km/n) time, two-way operation air pump 14 starts again by the speed signal generator, and drives slide lock axillare 9 and shifts to the slide block set 16 of center shaft 3, and be lockable, and returns to initial operating mode.

The separating action process of tractor truck and superimposed trailer is: the position and lock button (this button is not shown herein) of opening axle door bolt 17, pull out the axle door bolt pull bar 19 that links to each other by extension spring 18, be pulled to and lock shaft fasten the open position of setting in advance with a bolt or latch, and after its is pinned the location, rotate handwheel 20, by the tooth bar 7 that drives on the telescopic shafts 5 with the coaxial gear 6 of handwheel 20, telescopic shaft 5 pushed away be reduced to high state, and automatically lock this position, at this moment tractor truck moves forward, just can separate superimposed trailer.

Twin axle traction rotating disk of the present invention, when being operated in telescopic shaft 5 is center of circle when action, can not influence tractive force, because trailed trailer is to be connected all the time in first arc groove 23 of traction rotary base 2 with center shaft 3 and slide block set 16 thereof, and close by the arc shaft breech lock, as shown in Figure 8, tractive force also is to realize by slide block set 16 and being connected of this first arc groove 23 all the time.On described and rotary disk basement 2 that automobile power portion is solidly fixed mutually, there is one second arc groove 24 to do for described telescopic shaft 5 that guiding slides in addition.

Claims

1. the saddle of a semi-trailer is drawn connecting device, it includes a rotary disk basement (2) that is connected mutually with automobile power part (being tractor truck), paste the rotating disk (4) that is positioned at above it mutually with described rotary base (2) face face, uprightly be fixed with center shaft (3) as the power traction connecting pin at described rotating disk (4) position, the center of circle, the bottom frame of trailer (1) couples together superimposed trailer and automobile power part (being tractor truck) by described center shaft (3), coupled condition is fixedly kept by shaft latch mechanism (17) insurance, it is characterized in that:

A upright telescopic axle (5) is arranged on a. described superimposed trailer bottom framework (1) in addition, and it is used to run through simultaneously trailer bottom framework (1) and rotary disk basement (2), be used as alternatively with described center shaft (3) and be connected the automobile power partial sum and pull connecting pin partly;

B. have for described center shaft (3) on the rotary disk basement (2) that described and automobile power partial fixing links into an integrated entity and make first arc groove (23) that guiding is slided.

C. on the described rotary disk basement that is solidly fixed mutually with automobile power portion (2), there is a described telescopic shaft of confession (5) to make second arc groove (24) that guiding is slided in addition.

D. having the slide lock axillare (9) of a linear slide done that is directed to be used for locked-center axle (3) or telescopic shaft (5) on the center shaft (3) of described alternative connection usefulness and the connection rectilinear direction between the telescopic shaft (5) limits it and slides in the guiding of corresponding deep-slotted chip breaker separately;

E. there is a square hole in described slide lock axillare (9) central authorities, be furnished with an oscillating rod type cam (11) in the hole, promote be connected rectilinear direction on the moving linearly of slide lock axillare (9) by rotating described cam (11), in order to either-or locking is done in this connection at described center shaft (3) and telescopic shaft (5);

The driver train of f. described oscillating rod type cam (11) is pinion and rack (12), (13);

The guiding straight trough (31) that is provided as bonded assembly center shaft (3) turnover is arranged on the g. described rotary disk basement (2);

The mechanism of telescopic drive up and down of h. described telescopic shaft (5) is pinion and rack (6,7).

2. the saddle of semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1 is drawn connecting device, and it is characterized in that: described slide lock axillare (9) driver train is a two-way pneumatic pump, and it is that tooth bar (12) provides straight-line power.

3. the saddle of semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1 traction connecting device is characterized in that: described adapter shaft door bolt (17) is an arc piece bar, it is accommodated in the door bolt groove (23) on the rotary disk basement (2), can be directed to and do movement in a curve.

4. draw connecting device as the saddle of claim 1 or 3 described semi-trailers, it is characterized in that: be connected with one on the described arc shaft door bolt (17) and make it keep the extension spring (18) that is in all the time to locking direction movement tendency, also have the elastic force that can overcome described extension spring (18) axle to be fastened with a bolt or latch the pull bar handle of extracting (19).

5. draw connecting device as the saddle of claim 1 or 3 described semi-trailers, it is characterized in that: described telescopic shaft (5) has its pinion and rack that moves up and down of driving, described gear (6) is disposed on the axle of a band handwheel (20), and described tooth bar (7) is disposed in processing on the cylinder of described telescopic shaft (5).

6. the saddle of semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1 is drawn connecting device, it is characterized in that the described oscillating rod type cam (11) of stirring slide block lock shaft plate (9) moving linearly has a self-locking compression spring (15), it keeps only this state after making oscillating rod type cam (11) move to a certain state always.

7. the saddle of semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1 is drawn connecting device, it is characterized in that on the downside of described slide lock axillare (9) the flat pit of an indent being arranged, accommodate an oscillating rod type cam (11) in it, on the bottom surface of described pit, offer one and supply cam footstalk (25) to insert the thin long permeable slot (26) that is used to limit described slide lock axillare (9) longitudinal travel.

8. the saddle of semi-trailer as claimed in claim 1 traction connecting device, it is characterized in that described slide lock axillare (9) respectively offer along two terminations on the longitudinally be used for and the slide block set (16) of center shaft (3) and with breach (27), (28) of the chimeric mutually fixing usefulness of the slide block set (8) of telescopic shaft (5).

9. the saddle of semi-trailer is drawn connecting device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that respectively offering a breach (27), (28) on (9) two terminations of described slide lock axillare, and described breach (27), (28) outer imperial palace are echelon form for a short time.